contrarius

in contrarias partes fluere
to flow in opposite directions

contrārius, a, um: adj. (contrā), opposite; (fig.), contrary, opposed, opposing, 2.39; unfavorable, adverse, 1.239; subst., contrāria, ōrum, n. pl., opposite things, different counsels, 12.487.

contrārĭus, a, um, adj. [contra], lying or being over against, opposite.

• I In gen.
• • A Prop., of places (syn. adversus): collis adversus huic et contrarius, Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.: contraria tigna iis (tignis), id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and: gemma soli, Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131: contrario amne, against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73: tellus, Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429: ripa, Dig. 41, 1, 65: auris, Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77: contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera), in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84: in contrarias partes fluere, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.: tignis in contrariam partem revinctis, Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur, Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93: contrario ictu uterque transfixus, by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,
  • B Transf., of other objects.
  • • 1 In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.
    • • • α With gen.: hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—
        • β With dat.: voluptas honestati, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: fortuna rationi et constantiae, id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.: vitium illi virtuti, Quint. 11, 3, 44: rusticitas urbanitati, id. 6, 3, 17: pes bacchio, id. 9, 4, 102: color albo, Ov. M. 2, 541: aestus vento, id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —
        • γ With inter se: orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—
        • δ With atque: versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—
        • ε Absol.: aut bono casu aut contrario, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum, id. Cael. 5, 12: ardor, Lucr. 3, 252: exemplum, Quint. 5, 11, 7: jus, id. 5, 11, 32: leges, conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.: latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent, going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31: disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis, on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158: ex contrariā parte dicere, id. Inv. 1, 18, 26: in contrariam partem adferre aliquid, id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al.—
    • 2 Esp., subst.: contrārĭum, ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.
    • • a In gen.: contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120: si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia ... sin autem contraria, etc., Nep. Epam. 4, 2: dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt, Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg. A. 12, 487: ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet, Ov. M. 3, 329: in contraria versus, transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.: contraria earum (artium) ... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria, Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67: fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia, id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.: quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat, Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam: qui contraria faciat quam Deus, Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—
      • b As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—
      • c Adverb. phrases: ex contrario, on the contrary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16: e contrario, Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43; rarely ex contrariis, Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19; 11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium, Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197: per contrarium, Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—
• II In partic.
• • • 1 Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = ἀντίρροπον, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30 (411).—
    • 2 Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose): contrariis dis, Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.: Averna avibus cunctis, dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.: usus lactis capitis doloribus, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130: hyssopum stomacho, id. 25, 11, 87, § 136: quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt, injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.: philosophia imperaturo, Suet. Ner. 52: exta, unfavorable, id. Oth. 8: saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios, hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17: litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor, Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.—Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.—Adv.: contrārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner: sidera procedentia, Cic. Univ. 9 med.: scriptum, id. Part. Or. 31, 108: relata verba, id. de Or. 2, 65, 263: dicere, Tac. Or. 34.

contrārius, a, um (contra), I) gegenüber (auf der andern Seite) befindlich, -liegend, -stehend, contraria litora Asiae, Mela: contraria auris, Plin.: collis nascebatur adversus huic (diesem gegenüber) et contrarius (auf der andern Seite, auf dem andern Ufer des Flusses), Caes.: c. vulnera, vorn auf der Brust (gew. adversa vulnera), Tac. hist. 3, 84: c. aes grave, was dagegen in die (andere) Wagschale gelegt wird, Paul. ex Fest. 64, 12. – m. Dat., Carmaniis c. pars, Mela: soli c. gemma, Plin. – od. m. inter se, zB. c. inter se urbes, Plin.: binae partes terrae contrariae inter se diversaeque (v. Orient u. Okzident), Lact.

II) ganz entgegengesetzt, auf der ganz entgegengesetzten Seite befindlich, von der ganz entgegengesetzten Seite kommend, nach der ganz entgegengesetzten Seite gehend, A) eig.: tellus c., Ov.: c. quadriremes, einander entgegenkommende, sich begegnende, Suet.: c. ictus, vom Gegner kommender (geführter) Stoß, Cic.: c. fluctus (Woge), Val. Max.: c. ventus, Gegenwind, Lact. u. Ps. Quint. decl.: in contrarias partes fluere (v. Flüssen), Cic.: in contrariam partem revinciri (v. Balken), Caes.: u. (Ggstz.) copulari contrariāque regione (Richtung) labi, Cic.: contrario amne (gegen den Str., stromaufwärts) subvehere alqd, Plin. – m. Dat., tigna iis c. bina, Caes.: vento c. aestus, dem W. entgegenströmende, Ov.: classi c. flamina, gerade entgegenwehende, Ov. – in der Vergleichung mit folg. atque (als), qui versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum, Cic. de rep. 6, 17: u. so auch m. folg. ac (als) bei Val. Max. 1, 6, 11. – subst., contrārium, iī, n., die entgegengesetzte Seite, in contrarium cadere umbras, Plin.: pilum in contr. vertere (ganz umkehren), Plin.: in contr. nare (stromaufwärts), Plin.

B) übtr.: 1) im allg., entgegengesetzt, schnurstracks zuwiderlaufend, kollidierend, kontrastierend usw., a) adi.: c. quaedam vis, Cic.: aut bono casu aut contrario, Cic.: c. epistulae, Widersprüche enthaltende, Cic.: c. leges, Quint.: sententiae, Val. Max.: contraria diversaque inter se pugnantia naturae studia cupiditatesque, Cic.: c. pars causae, Cic.: in contrarias partes disputare od. disserere de alqa re, für u. gegen (pro u. contra) sprechen, Cic. – m. Genet., huius virtutis contraria est vitiositas, das Gegenteil dieser T. ist die L., Cic. – m. Dat. od. inter se (einander), zB. qui color fuit albus, nunc est contrarius albo, Ov.: dementia res est sanitati contraria, Sen. rhet.: clementiae contrariam imperiti putant severitatem, Sen.: nihil malum esse, nisi quod virtuti contrarium esset, Cic.: illi virtuti contrarium vitium est inaequalitas, Quint.: omnis voluptas honestati est c., Cic. – orationes inter se c., Aeschini et Demostheni (die eine pro, die andere contra), Cic.: opiniones inter se c., Quint. (neben diversae opiniones): ›non ambulare‹ enim et ›non stare‹ et ›non currere‹ contraria inter sese non sunt, quoniam ›contraria‹ ea dicuntur, quae simul vera esse non queunt, Gell. – b) subst., contrārium, iī, n., und Plur. contrāria, ōrum, n., das Entgegengesetzte, das Gegenteil, der Kontrast, α) Sing.: αα) übh.: in contrarium disputare, Tac. dial.: optimum ex contrario (Kontrast) nitet, Sen. – m. folg. atque od. ac (als), contrarium decernebat, ac paulo ante decreverat, Cic. II. Verr. 1, 120 (vgl. no. II, A aus Cic. de rep. 6, 17). – ex contrario (bei Nep. u. nachaug. e contrario) adv. = im Gegenteil, im Gegensatz, dagegen, at ego hoc ex contrario contendo, Cic.: ut reliquorum imperatorum res adversae auctoritatem minuunt, sic huius ex contrario dignitas incommodo accepto in dies augebatur, Caes.: apud illos e contrario nemo ad id officium admittitur, nisi honesto loco, Nep. Eum. 1, 5: potest ergo aliquid moveri et non fluere, et e contrario non potest fluere, nisi in unam partem, Sen. (vgl. Haase Sen. op. tom. 2. praef. p. VI). – so auch per contrarium, Ulp. dig. 2, 4, 8. § 1 u.a. – ββ) als rhet. Fig., der Gegensatz, die Antithese, der Kontrast, Cornif. rhet. 4, 27. Cic. de inv. 1, 42. Iul. Rufin. de schem. lex. § 11. – β) Plur.: αα) übh., conferre pugnantia et comparare contraria, Cic.: tota in oratione sua secum ipsum pugnare, non modo non cohaerentia inter se dicere, sed maxime disiuncta atque contraria, Cic.: adversa contrariis od. contraria contrariis referre, Cic.: diversae vocant animum in contraria curae, Verg. – m. Genet., earum (artium) contraria, Cic. de fin. 4, 67. – m. Dat., quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat? Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria deo (das G. wie G.) faciat, Lact. de ira 3, 3. – m. folg. quam (als), qui contraria faciat, quam deus, Lact. 3, 29, 13: u. so Augustin. de civ. dei 8, 24. Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267. – ββ) die Behauptungen der Gegenpartei, die Gegengründe, Cic. de or. 2, 331.

2) insbes.: a) feindlich entgegenstehend, widerstrebend, ungünstig, abgeneigt, arma, Ov.: exta, Tac. – m. Dat., quodsi forte tuis non est contraria votis (v. einem Mädchen), Phaedr.: alqs mihi invenitur maxime c., als Widersacher, Feind, Phaedr.: litora litoribus contraria, Verg. – subst., contrāriī, ōrum, m., die Gegner, Vitr. 3. praef. § 2. Capit. Maximin. 10, 2. – b) zweckwidrig, unzweckmäßig, nachteilig, verderblich (Ggstz. utilis), otium maxime c. esse, Caes.: quod maxime contrarium fuit, As. Poll. in Cic. ep.: ipsae exercitationes magna ex parte contrariae (sunt), Tac. dial. – m. Dat., loca... Averna (vogellose) vocantur, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis, Lucr.: monens philosophiam imperaturo contrariam esse, Suet. – contrarium est m. folg. Infin., hoc facere contrarium est, Col.: ne carmine quidem ludere contrarium fuerit, Quint.

contrarius [CL] 1 opposite, opposed, uncongenial, hostile: a (of wind); b (of immaterial things, actions etc.); c (of persons, wishes, or sim.). d (as sb. m.) opponent. e (as sb. n.) opposition, refusal. a tempestas vobis et ventus ~ius superveniet Bede HE III 15; insurrexerunt ~ii venti in classem G. Mon. V 16.  b dum pius opposuit fatis contraria fata Aldh. VirgV 1171; cetera quae agitis, quamvis moribus nostris ~ia, aequanimiter cuncta tolerabimus Bede HE II 2; (Inst. Cnuti) GAS 331 (v. contracalumnia); immo deos ledis qui diis contraria credis Nig. Laur. f. 40; 1336 venerunt ad villam S. Johannis, quam eis †rebellani et contrariani munerunt [MS: rebellem et ~iam invenerunt] (Lit. Ignoti) Illust. Scot. 59; 1411 cum ‥ occupaverat officium ‥ prioratus ad modicum, videns illud sibi ~ium et ineptum, spontanee resignavit FormOx 188; proposuit campum cepisse de nocte, quasi regem suum et dominum ligeum in ~ia parte utriusque fidei ad ‥ campestre prelium incitaret G. Hen. V 1.  c M. Par. Maj. II 216 (v. 2 contractus 2b); unus recognitorum ‥ narrando ‥ veredictum ~ius fuit omnibus aliis State Tri. Ed. I 63; de quadam mala muliere, que ita erat ~ia viro suo quod semper ‥ ~ia mandatis ejus faciebat Latin Stories 10 p. 13; 1345 preceptum est omnibus ville quod ‥ nullus eorum sit ~ius aut rebellis vicinis suis Hal. Durh. 17; hic [confessor], ~ius juvenili consilio dominorum, regem arguit Chr. Holyrood 15; s1457 (v. contradictorius 2b).  d 9‥ discolus, i. ‥ ~ius, wipercora ‥, emulus, i. ~ius, gewinna, wiperwinna, æfstig WW; eciam secundum ~ios universalis ecclesia errare non potest Ockham Dial. 864.  e quidam omnia consiliose disponunt et semper in ~ium eis cedit P. Blois Ep. 12. 38c; 1234 nunquam fuerunt in ~ium de vadio dando et plegiis inveniendis CurR XV 1108. 2 contrary, contradictory. b (w. inter se or sibi) inconsistent, self-contradictory. c (as sb. n.) contrary proposition or condition, the contrary. d (?) reasoning by contraries. e (w. e or abl. only) on the contrary, inversely. nonne vides haec duo, affirmationem viz. et negationem, sibi invicem opposita esse? satis video, et nil plus ~ium posset esse Eriug. Per. 461B; est [hujusmodi equivocatio] ~iarum opinionum efficientior, ad ~ias probabilitates conducibilior et ad opponendum aptior Balsh. AD rec. 2 59; asserendo ‥ dicit errorem ~ium veritati ab ‥ ecclesia ‥ approbate Ockham Pol. III 69; aliqua dicuntur ~ia quia movent ad ~ia; secundo modo quia in eodem se compati non possunt ‥; tertio modo quia ~iarum operationum Bacon VIII 38.  b ne ibi dicta ‥ inter se ‥ ~ia videri accidat Balsh. AD rec. 2 178; c1228 ita varie et inconstanter locutus est et ita sibi fuit ~ius quod ‥ contempnebatur testimonium ejus Feod. Durh. 297.  c multis modis eadem res suscipit diversis considerantibus ~ia Anselm (Ver. 8) I 187; a ~iis hinc inde contracta temperantia Gir. TH I 3 (cf. ib. II 2: similiter et e diverso per ~ium de fluxu intelligas); in horum [equorum] incessu spectant emptores primo passum suaviorem, postea motum citatiorem, qui est quasi a ~iis, pedibus anterioribus simul solo amotis et admotis, et posterioribus similiter W. Fitzst. Thom. prol. 11 (cf. (v. contradictorius 1c)); vivens et discens ponit contraria, vivens / se non victurum, discens se non moriturum H. Avr. Hugh 89; Hales Qu. 840 (v. corruptivus 1a); motus [est] proprie a ~io in ~ium Bacon VIII 33; loqueretur ‥ sic ironice, hoc est ~ium innuendo Ockham Pol. II 811; 1361 eadem est ~ium ‥ prime responsionis (CoramR) Law Merch. II 105; 1318 contra consuetudinem universitatis a tempore cujus ~ii non existit memoria FormOx 40; 1493 a tempore quo memoria hominum in ~ium non existit FormA 70.  d ~ium est cum ex duabus diversis rebus altera breviter conficitur Garl. PP 116.  e si e ~io errores pueritiae corrigere ‥ curasset Bede HE V 13; est hoc ‥ in quibusdam ‥ e ~io, ut in quibusdam avium generibus, in quibus femininus sexus semper major ‥ est Anselm (Mon. 42) I 58; c1242 dationis dilatio est dati immoratio, ac per hoc econtrario ‥ opportuna largitio muneris est augmentatio Gros. Ep. 100; Bracton 11b (v. convertere 3c); Bacon XV 323 (v. consequentia 3); c1330 velocitates et tempora proporcionales econtrario (Bradw. Contin.) Sci. Mech. 233; tota scriptura ‥ tribuit Deo omnia pene verba activa, ut ‘adducere inimicos’, ‥ ‘deponere’, ‘evellere’ ‥, ac eorum ~io, ‥ cujusmodi sunt ‥ ‘protector’, ‘defensor’, ‘salus’ Bradw. CD 288A; 1454 nequaquam sic ‥ ministraveras ut bonum commune ‥ bono privato preponeres; immo magis ~io Reg. Whet. I 130.

contrārĭus, (9) a, um (contra), ¶ 1 qui est en face, du côté opposé : Cic. Mur. 89 ; Phil. 2, 26 ; Cæs. C. 3, 45, 2 ; etc. ; contraria vulnera Tac. H. 3, 84, blessures reçues en face || [avec dat.] en face de : Sen. Nat. 5, 17, 2 ; Plin. 37, 131 ¶ 2 opposé, contraire : video utrumque ictu cecidisse contrario Cic. Tusc. 4, 50, je vois quʼils sont tombés tous deux en se frappant réciproquement ; in contrarias partes fluere Cic. Div. 1, 78, écouler en sens contraire ; [avec dat.] opposé à : Cæs. G. 4, 17, 5 ; Ov. M. 8, 471 ; 13, 183 || in contrarium, dans le sens contraire : Liv. 28, 30, 9 ; Sen. Nat. 2, 24, 1 ; Plin. 2, 128, etc. ; ex contrario, du point opposé (diamétralement opposé) : Sen. Nat. 1, 4, 1 ; Ep. 122, 2, etc. ¶ 3 [fig.] contraire, opposé : contrarias causas dicere Cic. de Or. 2, 30, plaider des causes opposées ; in contrarias partes disputare Cic. de Or. 1, 158, soutenir le pour et le contre ; ex contraria parte Cic. Br. 145, du point de vue opposé || contraire à qqch. : [alicui rei ] Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 27 ; Leg. 3, 42 ; Fin. 2, 28 ; Ac. 1, 36 ; [alicujus rei ] Inv. 2, 157 ; Tusc. 4, 34 ; Fin. 4, 67 ; [avec inter se ] Clu. 140 ; de Or. 2, 223 ; [avec ac, atque ] contraire de (ce que) : Verr. 2, 1, 120 ; Rep. 6, 17 ; [avec quam ] Quint. 9, 2, 50 || [rhét.] contraria, membres de phrase antithétiques : cum contrariis opponuntur contraria Cic. Or. 166, quand on fait des oppositions antithétiques [grec ἀντίθετα] ; in contrariis referendis Cic. Or. 166, dans le rapprochement de membres antithétiques [relatio contrariorum Cic. Or. 166 ]; [sing., rare] Or. 220 || ex contrario, contrairement, au contraire : Cic. Com. 47 ; Fin. 5, 36 ; Cæs. G. 7, 30, 3 (contrario Sen. Nat. 6, 13, 4 ; Ep. 94, 2 ; Quint. 10, 1, 19) ¶ 4 [log.] qui est en contradiction (alicui rei, avec une chose) : Cic. Or. 115 || contraria, les contradictions : de Or. 2, 166 ; Leg. 2, 45, etc. ¶ 5 défavorable, ennemi, hostile, nuisible : Varro R. 1, 16, 6 ; Suet. Oth. 8 ; [avec dat.] averna vocantur, quia sunt avibus contraria Lucr. 6, 741, on appelle ces lieux avernes, parce quʼils sont funestes aux oiseaux( Plin. 18, 152 ; 20, 90, etc.; Ov. M. 2, 380, etc. ) ; monens imperaturo contrariam esse (philosophiam) Suet. Nero 52, lui remontrant que la philosophie était mauvaise pour un futur empereur.

contrarius , a, um. adj.
反。逆。相忌者。 E contrario 和反。Disceptare in contrarias partes 辯兩家之理。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

contrārius adj.

• contra.—Of position, lying over against, opposite: ripa: collis huic, Cs.: Phrygiae tellus, O.: contrario ictu transfixus, by a blow from the opposite direction, L.: volnera, in front, Ta.— Opposite, contrary, opposed, conflicting: defendere contrariam partem: inter se pugnantia studia: disputare in contrarias partīs, on both sides: huius virtutis vitiositas: iura omnibus aliis: aestus vento, O.: ex orationibus capita alterna inter se contraria: contrario motu atque caelum, opposite to that of the sky.—As substn., the opposite, contrary, reverse: contrarium est . . ut frigus calori, the antithesis: lex imperans honesta, prohibens contraria: si ea volt ... sin autem contraria, etc., N.: vocant animum in contraria, in opposite directions, V.: in contraria versus, transformed: vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria, the opposites: ex contrario, on the contrary, on the other hand, Cs.: hoc ex contrario contendo: e contrario, N.— Hostile, inimical, antagonistic: Tibi, Ph.: litora litoribus, V.: undis ignis, O.