penna

penna or pinna (old forms, pesna, petna, Fest. p. 205, 209 Müll.), f. [orig. different words, penna for petna; root petor pat-; Sanscr. patāmi, to fly; Gr. πέτομαι, prop. a wing: pinna for pitna; cf. Sanscr. pitu; Gr. πίτυς, the pine-tree; Lat. pinus; cf.: spiculum, spina; prop. a sharp point or end. To a late period an effort was made to distinguish them: nec miretur (puer), cur ... fiat a pinno quod est acutum, securis utrimque habens aciem bipennis, ne illorum sequatur errorem, qui, quia a pennis duabus hoc esse nomen existimant, pennas avium dici volunt, Quint. 1, 4, 12 Halm: pinnum enim antiqui acutum dicebant, Isid. Orig. 19, 19, 11 dub. (v. 1. pennus): pinnas murorum, pennas avium dicimus, Flav. Cap. p. 2243 P. This dictum of the old grammar we have to retain, although the distinction is neither etymologically sound nor is it always practically true; cf. bipennis, Bramb. Lat. Orthog. p. 118. In MSS. and edd. the two forms have mostly been used indiscriminately in all meanings except II. D. E. F. infra, in which pinna only is found; cf. esp. Wagn. Orth. Verg. p. 465; Rib. prol. Verg. p. 441 sq.; Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 270 sq.], a feather on the body of a winged creature (syn. pluma).

• I Lit.
• • • • • α Form penna: sine pennis volare haud facile est: meae alae pennas non habent, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 48 (870): pennarum tuarum nitor, Phaedr. 1, 13, 6: maduere graves aspergine pennae, Ov. M. 4, 728.—
        • β Form pinna: (aves) pullos pinnis fovent, Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129: pinnarum caules omnium cavi, Plin. 11, 39, 34, § 97; Sen. Ep. 42, 4: ova parire solet genus pinnis condecoratum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll. (Ann. v. 10 Vahl.): conveniebat corvos ex albis album pinnis jactare colorem, Lucr. 2, 823 Munro: galli salaces, frequentibus pinnis, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 5; Col. 8, 2, 10: nam his rebus plumam pinnasque emundant, id. ib. 9, 14, 7: ut statim per somnum hianti pinna in os inderetur, Suet. Claud. 33.—
• II Transf.
• • A In plur.: pennae (pinnae), a wing (syn. ala).
  • • • • α Form pennae: age tu, sis, sine pennis vola, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 80 (95): quatere in aëre, Ov. M. 4, 676: pennis resumptis, id. ib. 4, 664: vertere, to fly away, Prop. 2, 24, 22 (3, 19, 6): penna, collect. for the wings, Ov. M. 2, 376.—
        • β Form pinnae: geminis secat aëra pinnis, Cic. Arat. 48 (282): pinnas explicare, Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55: o Fides alma, apta pinnis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104 (Trag. v. 410 Vahl.): densis ales pinnis obnixa, id. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 148 ib.): (aquila) praepetibus pinnis (B. and K.; al. pennis), Cic. poët. Div. 1, 47, 106 —Of bees: pinnis coruscant, Verg. G. 4, 73. —Of locusts: pinnarum stridor, Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 104.—Of gnats: pinnae culicis, Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 3.—Prov.: pinnas incidere alicui, to clip one's wings, i.e. to deprive one of power or rank, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so, decisis humilis pinnis, with clipped wings, i.e. with disappointed hopes, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50; cf. the opp.: extendere pinnas, to spread out one's wings, i.e. to attempt great things, id. ib. 1, 20, 21.—
      • b Poet., a flying, flight.
      • • α Form penna: felicibus edita pennis, i. e. with a happy omen from the flight of birds, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 11; Sil. 3, 344; Val. Fl. 1, 231.—
        • β Form pinna: pinnā veras dare notas, Ov. F. 1, 448.—
  • B A feather on an arrow (poet.).
  • • 1 Form penna: per jugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est, Ov. M. 6, 258.—Hence,
    • 2 Meton., an arrow (poet.).
    • • • α Form penna: cervos pennā petere, Val. Fl. 6, 421.—
        • β Form pinna: olor trajectus pinnā, Ov. F. 2, 110.—
  • C In late Lat., a pen.—Form penna: instrumenta scribae, calamus et penna: sed calamus arboris est, penna avis, Isid. Orig. 6, 14.—
  • D A fin. —Form pinna, Plin. 9, 13, 15, § 42.—
  • E A pinnacle.—Form pinna: turres contabulantur, pinnae loricaeque ex cratibus attexuntur, Caes. B. G. 5, 39; 7, 72: milites Metelli ... a pinnis hostis defendebant facillime funditore, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; Verg. A. 7, 159: templi, Vulg. Luc. 4, 9.—
• F In mechanics.
• • • 1 A float or bucket of a water-wheel.—Form pinna, Vitr. 10, 10. —
    • 2 A stop or key of a water-organ.— Form pinna, Vitr. 10, 13.

penna, ae, f. (altlat. pesna, Fest. 205, 14 u. 209, 10, zu πέτομαι, peto), die Schwinge = die Feder eines geflügelten Tieres, I) im allg.: 1) eig., Colum., Plin. u.a. – 2) meton.: a) der Flügel, gew. im Plur., die Flügel der Vögel u. Insekten, Plin., Verg. u.a.: binae, zwei Fl., Plin.: vipereae, Schlangenflügel, Ov.: aves pullos pennis fovent, Cic.: pennas vertere, davonfliegen, Prop.: im Bilde, decisis humilis pennis, mit beschnittenen Flügeln (= gescheiterten Hoffnungen), Hor. ep. 2, 2, 50: pennas extendere nido, die Fittige ausbreiten, flügge werden (eig. v. jungen Vögeln, bildl. von Pers., die sich durch Verdienst u. Vorzüge über die Niedrigkeit ihrer Geburt erheben), Hor. ep. 1, 20, 21. – Sing. penna kollektiv, das Flügelwerk = die Flügel, Ov. met. 2, 376 u.a. – b) das Fliegen, der Flug, Prop. u. Ov. – c) poet. = Vogel, certis pennis, Weissagevögel, Val. Flacc.: pennā velocior evolat, Sil. – II) insbes.: A) die Feder (Federn) am Pfeile, damit er die ihm gegebene Richtung einhält, Ov. met. 6, 258. – meton., der Pfeil, Val. Flacc. 9, 421 (Ov. fast. 2, 110 Merkel u. Riese pinna). – B) die Schreibfeder, Isid. orig. 6, 14. § 3 u. 5.

1 penna [CL] 1 feather, quill; b (for fletching quarrel); c (used to apply ointment); d (worn in hat). candida forma nitens necnon et furva nigrescens / est mihi, dum varia componor imagine pennae Aldh. Aen. 31 (Ciconia) 2; 10‥ ~,feþer WW; dumo abjecto, et caude ~is ordine perfectis Adel. CA 9; sunt ‥ sete [sc. hystricis] ‥ similes ~is aucarum ubi desinunt plumae W. Malm. GR V 409; coquantur simul ‥ quousque videris quod ~a inposita poteris levi tactu manus eam excoriare seu depilare Pop. Med. 256.  b 1230 in locacione unius carete ad ~as portandas usque P. ad quarellos regis inpennandos, ij s. vj d. Pipe 98.  c ponatur de dicta confectione in vulnere cum ~a Pop. Med. 244.  d tantum per istam pestilenciam erunt humiliati, quod deponent pennas, i. sagittas et arcus, vel ~as quas portant in capillis suis (J. Bridl.) Pol. Songs I 207. 2 wing, pinion; b (of insect); c (of flying-fish); d (transf.); e (fig.). sunt innumerabilia [sc. mirabilia] quae, si quis ad exploranda ~is volare posset, edita rumoroso sermone ‥ ficta probaret Lib. Monstr. prol.; corporis astu / ardua ceu pennis convecta cacumina scando Tatwine Aen. 17 (Sciurus) 4; ~as manibus et pedibus ‥ innexuerat, ut Dedali more volaret W. Malm. GR II 225; hec ~as habuit, quoniam avolavit Map NC III 4 f. 42v; mortis sunt nuncii ‥ / tam volatilia quam natatilia, / que secant aliis immeabilia, / hec pennis aerem, hec pinnis maria Walt. Wimb. Sim. 157; pueri innumerosi, quasi archangelica et angelica multitudo, nitore decori, vestitu candida, ~is lucentibus G. Hen. V 15 p. 110.  b scando catervatim volitans super ardua pennis Aldh. Aen. 36 (Scinifes) 2; aera per sudum nunc binis remigo pennis Ib. 25 (Crabro) 1.  c cum volucrum turma quoque scando per aethera pennis Aldh. Aen. 16 (Luligo) 3.  d dic mihi ubi sedit Deus quando creavit coelum et terram? super pennas ventorum Ps.-Bede Collect. 90; desiderat ascendere et super ~as ventorum volare O. Cheriton Fab. 5.  e c792 caritas ~as ad volandum inveniet, nec flumina obruent illam Alcuin Ep. 28; et illis ‥ in ~is ejus oritur sanitas J. Ford Serm. 58. 7; tu ~as contemplationis assumens hec mundana transcendis P. Blois Ep. 4; vestre fame gloria laudiflua ab austro in boriem [sic], ab occidente in orientem, ~is probatissime laudis pervolitat cunctas provincias Christianorum Regim. Princ. 83. 3 feather or quill used as writing instrument, pen; b (fig.); c (transf.) ‘the pen’, act of writing, written work. nascimur ‥ / necnon et volucris penna volitantis Aldh. Aen. 30 (Elementum) 4; 796 deficiente cartula, non caritate, ~am deponimus Alcuin Ep. 107; scriptor ‥ habeat artavum quo ~am [gl.: la penne] informet ‥ ylo a ~a extracto Neckam Ut. 116; 1393 pro pergamine, encausto, ~is, et countours emptis pro compotis domini faciendis v s. Ac. H. Derby 257; 1432 scriptum Oxon’ festinanter ‥ ~a volante Cant. Coll. Ox. III 88; c1452 ex manerio de Woky aliena ~a, sed rudi manu mea Bekynton I 273.  b c795 te ‥ agnosco ‥ in fide fraterni amoris ~am tinxisse pietatis Alcuin Ep. 86; carnis volumen saucie, / pennis conscriptum asperis, / allegas J. Howd. Cyth. 92. 9; lingua mea, que ~a est ‥ scribe prenominati, sc. Spiritus Sancti (J. Bridl.) Pol. Poems I 129.  c de duobus posterioribus fratribus sermo postea largior fiet, de Th. primogenito ~a jam tangat Croyl. Cont. A 130; a1411 est nichil omissum quod penna potest onerare Vers. Exch. 59. 4 arrow. sagittant, jugulant, transfigunt, omnesque ‥ diversis armis et ~is interimunt Gosc. Transl. Mild. 5; rumbus rumpetur, pinnas pennis ferietur / ‥ i. homines sui exercitus, qui sic dicuntur pinne in illo exercitu, ferientur cum sagittis (J. Bridl.) Pol. Poems I 198; Ib. 207 (v. 1d supra). 5 (in gl.) fester, fistula, suppurating sore or ulcer. a fester, festuca, ~a Levins Manip. 73. 6 (in place-name or surname). 1260 pro Hugone de ~a: mandatum est Petro de Leye ‥ quod Hugonem de la Penne, personam ecclesie de Stanton, permittat fodere petram in quarrera regis Cl 50.

2 penna [ME, AN panne, penne], paena [assoc w. CL paenula] , garment made of or lined with fur, fur lining. curent et provideant ut fratres pelliparii ‥ habeant unde pellicee et penne sanctimonialibus et sororibus canonicis et fratribus fiant de optimis agninis pellibus Inst. Sempr. *xli; 1164 pro x ulnis scarlate et ij sabelis et ij penis variis ad opus Guascon’, c et xvij s. et ij d. Pipe 21; 1177 pro xx pelliciis variis et pro x paenis de bissis et pro x paenis variis, et item pro j paena de bissis et j paena grisia et ij peliciis grisiis et xxj sabelinis ‥ ivxx et xij li. et xiiij s. et v d. Pipe 198; 1177 ad emendas penas et pellicias et escarlatas et sabelinas, cc m. et iiij s. Pipe 201; non veterata nove clamidi sit penna locata D. Bec. 1197; item pena sive foratura agnorum, ij d. Reg. Gasc. A I 94.

penna, (10) æ, f. (primit^t pesna, petna Fest. 205 ; 209 ), ¶ 1 penne, grosse plume des oiseaux ; plume [en gén.] : Cic. Fin. 5, 32 ; Pl. Pœn. 871 ; Ov. M. 4, 728 ¶ 2 aile : Pl. As. 93 ; Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 21 ; Prop. 2, 24, 22 ; Ov. M. 4, 664 ; 676 || aile [dʼinsecte] : Virg. G. 4, 73 ; [sing. collectif] Ov. M. 2, 376 || [poét.] vol de présage : Prop. 3, 10, 11 ; Sil. 3, 344 ; Val. Flacc. 1, 231 || v. pinna ¶ 3 flèche : Val. Flacc. 6, 421 ¶ 4 plume [pour écrire] : Isid. Orig. 6, 14.

➳ v. réflexion de Quint. 1, 4, 12.

penna , ae. f.
翖。鳥毛。鵝翖筆。螃蟹膀。Decisis pennis humilem eum dimittere 破其傲。Majores pennas nido extendere 志高過其力。Dubiis pennis volat victoria 戰有勝敗。

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penna: ; → pinna.

penna ae, f

• PET-, a feather, plume(on a bird; often confounded with pinna): pennarum taurum nitor, Ph.: maduere graves aspergine pennae, O.—Plur, a wing: quatere in aëre, O.: pennis coruscant, V.(al. pinnis).—A feather(on an arrow): per iugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est, O.: felicibus edita pennis, i. e. with a happy omen from the flight of birds, Pr.—Singcollect., the wings: Penna latus vestit, O.

Penna

(1) A quill; used for various purposes, as for toothpicks (Mart.xiv. 22).

(2) A pen; so only after the fourth century A.D. See Isidor. Orig. xiv. 3; Beckmann, Hist. of Inventions, i. p. 408 (London, 1846); and writing and writing materials.