Logeion | pilum

pīlum, ī, n.: the heavy javelin used by the Roman legionary soldier; the pilum.

pīlum, i, n. [for pis-lum, cf. piso, 1. pila, etc.], a pounder, pestle of a mortar.

I Lit.: pilum fabarium, Cato R. R. 10; 18: quasi tollenonem aut pilum Graecum reciproces planā viā, a pounder, in using which, one side was raised while the other was depressed, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Fest. s v. reciprocare, p. 274 Müll.: pinsente pilo praeferrato, Plin. 18, 10, 23, § 97: pilo contusum, Vulg. Exod. 27, 20.—
II Transf., the heavy javelin of the Roman infantry, which they hurled at the enemy at the commencement of the action, and then took to their swords: (caput) adfixum gestari jussit in pilo, Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5: pilum, haud paulo quam hasta, vehementius ictu missuque telum, Liv. 9, 19; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 15: milites e loco superiore pilis missis facile hostium phalangem perfregerunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: pilorum hastarumque honore circumdatus, Plin. Pan. 56, 5: in imperatorem suum legiones pila torserunt, Sen. Ira, 3, 2, 4; cf. Tac. A. 15, 7: pilum praepilatum, having a blunt or rounded end, Auct. B. Afr. 72. They were also used in sieges, being hurled at the enemy from the walls; these were called pila muralia, Caes. B. G. 5, 40; Tac. A. 4, 51.—Prov.: pilum inicere alicui, to make an attack on one, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43 (574).—
- B Vis certe pila, i. e. to be primipilus of the triarii or veterans who carried two javelins each, Juv. 10, 94; v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 104.

1. pīlum, ī, n. (piso, pinso), der Stempel zum Stampfen, die Mörserkeule, Cato u. Plin.

2. pīlum, ī, n. (wohl aus *pigslom zu Wurzel pik, ritzen, stechen), das Pilum, der Wurfspieß des röm. Fußvolks, den es zu Beginn des Treffens auf den Feind warf; dann griff der Soldat sofort zum Schwerte, Cic. u. Liv. – bei Belagerungen als Wurfgeschoß aus der Stadt auf die Belagerer geschleudert, pila muralia, Caes.: Pila Horatia, die Wurfspieße der Horatier, eine Örtlichkeit am Forum in Rom, Liv. 1, 26, 10. Prop. 3, 3, 7. – Sprichw., pilum inicere alci, den Kampf eröffnen, Plaut. most. 570. – arch. Akk. Plur. peila, Lucil. 161.

1 pīlum v. 3 pīla

2 pĭlum v. 4 pĭla

3 pīlum [CL], 5 pīlus, 6 pīla , pestle; b (fig.). ~a, pilstre; ~um, pilstampe Ælf. Gl. 141; cum frumentum fricatur manibus quare citius decoquitur quam si cum ~o contundatur Quaest. Salern. B 131; in coquina sunt ‥ mortarium, pilus [gl.: pestel], contus Neckam Ut. 97; 1385 j mortarium eneum cum ~a ferrea, ‥ Ac. Durh. 265; 1389 j bokettum et pillum iiij d. Arch. Bridgw. 130; 1443 j ~a, A. a pestell Cant. Coll. Ox. I 9; hic contus, hec ~a, a postyke WW; a pestylle, ~us, ~a CathA. b granum pilo tunditur ut folliculus exuatur. sic et littera ~o expositionis comminuitur dum ejus intellectus aperitur S. Langton Serm. I 14.

4 pīlum [CL], 6 pīlus, 7 pīla, pīlo 1 javelin, dart, bolt (also fig.). cumulat truculenta superbia turmam / militibus Christi torquentem pila piacli Aldh. VirgV 2703; ~a, hasta Romana GlC P 416; 9‥ ~a, flanas WW; ~a, gesceot Ælf. Gl. 143; contiguos confodiunt ~is, trucidant bipennibus et gladiis Gosc. Transl. Mild. 5 p. 160; alii super glaciem ludere doctiores ‥ tanta rapacitate feruntur ‥ quanta ~um baliste W. Fitzst. Thom. prol. 17; rex ‥ statuit duos balistarios, quorum unius officium erat tendendi, alterius jugiter ~a jaciendi Trevet Ann. 144; hoc ~um, A. darte WW. 2 pointed stake, pile; b (for fence or boundary marker); c (for use in constructing bridge, weir, millpond, or sim.); d (for scaffolding or building). magistro Alexandro ad ~os emendos de prestito xl s., item ‥ fossatoribus de Flete xxx s. Ac. Build. Hen. III 218; p1284 habebit de eodem bosco ~os et clausturam ad hayas Reg. Wint. 759; 1292 faciet clayas ad faldam unde quelibet erit de novem ~is et unus pes erit inter quamlibet ~am cum una magna ~a et †urevia [? l. wreþia] (Belchamp St. Paul’s) MinAc Essex; 1357 regia via que vocatur Fosse ‥ per ‥ ~os fixos ‥ artata est et obstructa (CoramR) Pub. Works II 215; 1383 in fossato illo ~as et stakes pro meliori ‥ claustura ‥ ejusdem prioratus gardini ‥ fixit (Ib.) Ib. 46; palos et ~os in quodam fossato ‥ per quod quedam aqua currere consueverat ‥ imposuit et fixit Entries 646rb.. b c1258 in j esperduta cum calibe ad ~um falde faciendum, ij d. ob. FormMan Shorwell; 1304 sicut patet per ~as positas inter pratum meum ex parte occidentali et dictam placeam prati ex parte orientali Cart. Blyth A113; 1392 particulam terre ‥ adjudicaverunt ‥ Nicholao habendam ‥ prout inter eos dividitur per pilos interpositos inter bundas ‥ J. et N. Mem. York II 16; 1424 usque ad quemdam ~um ligneum quem ipsi scrutatores ‥ posuerunt versus fundum ‥ Cristofori Ib. II 102. c 1297 de iiij s. ij d. de croppis c ~orum missorum ad molendinum de Hamelden’ hoc anno vend’ Ac. Cornw 92; 1325 sexaginta ~os fagi ‥ ad gurgites eorundem molendinorum inde reparand’ Cl 143 m. 31; 1326 pro ~is et alio meremio pro una brecca veteris stagni molendini aquatici ibidem facienda pro cursu aque ad dictum molendinum vertendo Doc. Leeds 88; 1333 in maeremio, ~io, et bordis emptis ad exclusas et molendinum ‥ v s. LTR Mem 105 m. 194; 1375 in quo quidem were idem abbas ponit ~os et palos inferius in aquam predictam per ij roumes, qui continent xxxij pedes, quam deberet, et nullum signum vocatum beken vel wyte super ~os et palos ibidem (CoramR) Pub. Works II 294; c1390 etc. (v. essewera 3); 1509 pro ripariis, gurgitibus, stagnis, ~is, lokkis ‥ edificatis Foed. XIII 243. d edificaverunt ‥ Trullum, et dimisserunt ligna et ~ones usque novem annos Diceto Chr. 99; 1249 ad ~os berefridi xl s. Ac. Build. Hen. III 220; 1325 ij carpentariis facientibus ~os pro fundamento camere regis KR Ac 469/7 m. 10; a1388 pro ‥ fugacione ‥ ~orum sub predict’ nov’ dom’ (v. fugatio 6); 1422 in expensis ‥ pro deliberacione dictarum xij arborum et ~arum et subbosci pro scaffaldyng cum conductu equorum, iiij s. Fabr. York 45. 3 spike, tooth, tine (of harrow). 1311 in xxv pil’ ferri ad unam herciam ferri faciendam emptis, xvj d. (Stockton) Ac. Man. Wint.; 1312 in veteribus herciis emendandis cum pil’ ad idem emptis, vj d. (Enford) Ib.; 1316 in j hercia cum pil’ ferr’ empta, xxij d. (Alton Priors) Ib.. 4 (her.) pile, coloured wedge shape. sunt eciam insuper alii qui portant arma pilata, ‥ quia in illis formantur et pinguntur quedam ~e ‥ et tales ~as portare significat quod portans adquisivit substanciam suam solo labore vel per suam laborem dives effectus est, quia tales ~e significant laborem Bad. Aur. 131; sequitur de quibusdam armis in quibus tres ~e concurrunt, ‥ et qui hec possidet arma portat tres ~as nigras in campo aureo Upton 240.

1 pīlum, (10) ī, n. , pilon : Cato Agr. 10, 5.

2 pīlum, ī, n. , pilum, javelot [des soldats romains] : Cic. Phil. 11, 5 ; Cæs. G. 1, 25, etc. || [fig.] pilum injicere alicui Pl. Most. 570, porter une botte à qqn || [en part.] muralia pila Cæs. G. 5, 40, 6 ; pila muralia Cæs. G. 7, 82, 1, javelots de siège.

pīlum², ī n (milit.)

1. werpspies, speer (van het Rom. voetvolk); ➤ -a muralia zware speren, die bij belegeringen naar de belegeraars geslingerd werden; (metaf.) -um inicere alci (Plaut.) de strijd aanbinden met iem.;
2. Pila Horatia plaats op het Forum in Rome.

pīlum¹, ī n (pinso, pila³) vijzelstamper.

pilum , i. n.
臼槌。臼杵。短鎗。— ei injicere 破其事。

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, in Fleta lib. 1. cap. 39. § 1. qui appellat aliquem de roberia, aut furto, debet designare certam rei qualitatem, quantitatem, pretium, et pondus, numerum, valorem et Pilum. Ubi pilum est, quod pile vocamus in Monetis, id est figura nummi, quomodo hæc vox exponitur in vett. Glossis. Vide quæ de ea annotamus in Dissert. 19. ad Joinvillam pag. 256.

, Sarcophagus, arca lapidea, capsa sepulcralis, Ital. Pilo. Mirac. B. Ægidii tom. 3. April. pag. 244 : Et puellam duceret cum candela cingere Pilum ejus. Acta S. Secundi tom. 1. Junii pag. 56 : Cujus reliquiæ dicebantur fuisse et esse in sepulcro seu Pilo existente in ecclesia. D. de Montfaucon Diar. Italici pag. 157 : In ultimo loco fundamenti, capsam quamdam marmoreo lapide coopertam et implumbatam invenerunt ; quod cum aperuissent, unum corpus cujusdam mulieris integrum invenerunt... cumque Conservatores in eodem Pilo in locum incognitum reportaverunt, etc. Infra : Et Pileus marmoreus ubi fuerat reperta, dimissus est in reclaustro dictorum Conservatorum. Etruscis Pilæ etiamnum dicuntur vasa grandia quæ ad continendam aquam excavantur e petra, ut observant Bollandistæ ad Mirac. B. Ægidii. Vide Pila 5.

, Lanceola chirurgica. Vita B. Francisci Fabr. tom. 3. April. pag. 986 : Erat autem corium ejus spatularum propter multas et horribiles disciplinas ita grossum et callosum, quod Pilo sive rasorio vix penetrari posset.

pīlum ī, n

PIS-, a heavy javelin, pilum: sudis pila mittere, S.: (caput) adfixum gestari iussit in pilo: pilis missis hostium phalangem perfregerunt, Cs.: muralia pila (hurled from fortifications), Cs.: pila Horatii, a place in the forum where the arms of the Curiatii were set up, L., Pr.: vis certe pila, cohortes, etc., you wish at least for pomp, etc., Iu.

PILUM

PILUM[HASTA]

Pilum

(1) (ὑσσός). The javelin of the Roman legionaries (about six feet long), which was hurled at the enemy's ranks at the beginning of the engagement, before proceeding to the use of the sword. It consisted of a wooden shaft three feet long, easily grasped in the hand, and an iron head of the same length, culminating in a barbed point, and provided with a socket to which the shaft was attached by iron rivets. Marius had the heads constructed of soft, weak iron, the point only being steeled. In this way, if the point stuck in the shield of an enemy, the iron was bent by the weight of the shaft, rendering the weapon useless and difficult to draw out, while it made the shield unmanageable so long as it remained in it (Plut. Mar. 25). When well thrown, the pilum would penetrate both shield and armour.

(2) (κόπανον). A large instrument for braying substances in a mortar (pila). It was held in both hands, and was much heavier as well as longer than the pistillum. See pīla.

pilum

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