res

omnem rem familiarem perdidi
I have squandered all the family property res publica
the republic res secundae aut adversae
good fortune or bad res populi Romani perscribere
to write a full description of the acts of the Roman people his rebus adducti abierunt
persuaded by these things, they went away re vera
really

rēs, reī, f.: a thing, in the most general sense; object, 1.450; treasure, store, 12.589; state, situation, condition, 1.563; circumstance; fortune, 1.204; affair, business, interest, 9.227; a side, party, cause, 3.54; 11.400; conflict, 9.154; misfortune, calamity, 1.462; commonwealth, state, empire, dominion, power, 1.268; action, deed, exploit, achievement, 1.641; adventure, fortune, 4.290; pl., the universe, 10.40; the world, 1.282; nature, creation, 9.131; rēs summa, the public interest, common weal, 11.302; the chief conflict, 2.322.

rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918; and in the middle of the verse, id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also λόγος, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).

• I In gen.: unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi, Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536: in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur, id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.): versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor, Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54: rerum natura creatrix, id. 2, 1117: divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus): haeret haec res, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182 (814): profecto, ut loquor, ita res est, id. ib. 2, 1, 19 (569): haud mentior, resque uti facta dico, id. ib. 2, 1, 23 (573): de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius, id. ib. prol. 110: in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā), Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.: quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis, from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17: si res postulabit, the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3: fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat, does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84 (236); so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—
• • B With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.: illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit, is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171 (323); so, res mala, a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.: bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas, circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45 (446); id. Rud. 3, 3, 12 (675): res secundae, good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9: res prosperae, Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1: in secundissimis rebus, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91: adversae res, id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73: res belli adversae, Liv. 10, 6: res dubiae, Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30; v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem, go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 930; id. And. 317: malam rem hinc ibis? id. Eun. 536.—
  • C With an adj. in a periphrasis: abhorrens ab re uxoriā, matrimony, Ter. And. 829: in arbitrio rei uxoriae, dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61: rem divinam nisi compitalibus ... ne faciat, a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato R. R. 5, 4: bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6: erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica, Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture: rei rusticae libro primo, Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. § 19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi, Cic. Sen. 15, 54: navalis rei certamina, naval battles, Amm.26, 3, 5: res militaris, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2: rei militaris gloria, id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4: res frumentaria, forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7: armatae rei scientissimus, Amm.25, 4, 7: peritus aquariae rei, id. 28, 2, 2: res judicaria, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31: res ludicra, play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180: uti rebus veneriis, Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4: res Veneris, Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —
  • D With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.: ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit, this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16 (1068); cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40 (55): de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei, of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (μελιττῶνας) alii μελιττοτροφεῖα appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12: sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13 (263); cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4: quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti, Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13: quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem, every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30 (492): nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito, nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96 (728); cf.: neque est ulla res, in quā, etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf. also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit, id. Fam. 16, 4, 2: magna res principio statim bello, a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.: nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc., the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.: scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma, the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. — Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt, Ter. Eun. 248: maxime rerum, Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.: maxima rerum Roma, Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508: fortissima rerum animalia, id. ib. 12, 502: pulcherrime rerum, id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49: dulcissime rerum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—
  • E In adverb. phrases: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 295: pro re natā, according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1: pro tempore et pro re, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: factis benignus pro re, according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2: pro re pauca loquar, Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280: ex re et ex tempore, Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3: e re respondi, Cat. 10, 8.
• II In partic.
• • A Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing: ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10 (508): desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc., id. Rud. 3, 3, 21 (684): rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 202: rem fabulari, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87 (488): nihil est aliud in re, in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.: se ipsa res aperit, Nep. Paus. 3, 7: ex re decerpere fructus, Hor. S. 1, 2, 79; opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5: non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus, Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1: qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt, id. N. D. 3, 21, 53: Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes, id. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 5, 15: quod nos honestum, illi vanum ... verbis quam re probabilius vocant, Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9: eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri, Cic. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 733: vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate, Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality: haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur, Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so, re quidem verā, id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15: re autem verā, id. Fam. 1, 4, 2; and simply re verā, id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7: re verāque, Lucr. 2, 48; cf.: et re verā, indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—
  • B Effects, substance, property, possessions: mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26 (1112); cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit ... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 (324) sq.: quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram, Ter. Eun. 258: rem talentum decem, id. Phorm. 393; Juv. 3, 16: avidior ad rem, Ter. Eun. 131: rem facere, to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12: res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit, id. Cat. 2, 5, 10: qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset, id. Rab. Post. 14, 38: libertino natum patre et in tenui re, in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.): privatae res, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—
  • • 2 Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.): res corporales, Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1: res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium, Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1: res sanctae, Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—
  • C Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal: res magis quaeritur, quam, etc., Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6 (576): melius illi consulas quam rei tuae, id. Cist. 1, 1, 98 (98): haec tuā re feceris, to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46 (296).— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.: quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua, is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 354 (v. ago): si in rem tuam esse videatur, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2 (628): vide si hoc in rem deputas, id. ib. 3, 3, 19 (747): quod in rem recte conducat tuam, id. Capt. 2, 3, 26 (386): si in remst utrique, Ter. And. 546: quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc., useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1 (220): tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare, Sall. C. 20, 1: omnia quae in rem videbantur esse, Curt. 6, 2, 21: ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant, Liv. 30, 4, 6: imperat quae in rem sunt, id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2: ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar, for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102 (331): An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 525: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 (234) Brix ad loc.: haud id est ab re aucupis, id. As. 1, 3, 71 (223): haec haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc., id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—
  • D Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account: eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias, Cato R. R. 158, 2: hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc., Lucr. 1, 172; cf.: illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc., Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 34, 111: patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39 (678); cf.: quoi rei? for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43 (587); id. Poen. 2, 33 (481) [? orig., 2,3,3].—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—
  • E An affair, matter of business, business: cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā, Cic. Quint. 4, 15: rem cum aliquo transigere, id. Clu. 13, 39. — Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo, to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.: famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 (220) Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.: quoniam cum senatore res est, Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3; esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā, to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35 (564); id. Merc. 3, 1, 37 (535); Ter. Eun. 119; 245. —Ellipt.: jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15 (513). —
• F A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa): ubi res prolatae sunt, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10 (78): res agi, id. Men. 4, 2, 19 (589); id. Aul. 3, 4, 13 (472): quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis, Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf. (prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines ... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum ... rem an litem dici oporteret, Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf. also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula, Liv. 1, 32: de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118: pecunias capere ob rem judicandam, id. Fin. 2, 16, 54: si res certabitur olim, Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43: tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat, Dig. 3, 3, 12: rem differre, ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—
• G An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere: res gesta virtute, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66: ut res gesta est ordine narrare, Ter. Ad. 513: his rebus gestis, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: res gerere, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33: rem bene gerere, id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 775: comminus rem gerunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 44: res gestae, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251: adversus duos simul rem gerere, Liv. 21, 60: rem male gerere, Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74: in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum, Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.: rem agere, Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82: ante rem, before the battle, Liv. 4, 40: cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant, Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—
• H Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history: res in unam sententiam scripta, Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20: cui lecta potenter erit res, Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29: in medias res auditorem rapere, id. A. P. 148; 310: agitur res in scaenis, id. ib. 179; cf.: numeros animosque secutus, non res, id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12: sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus, Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199: litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus, Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1: res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae, history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—
• K Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.: erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3: dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur, id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.: si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā, id. Fam. 4, 9, 4: egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere, id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent, Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155: commutata ratio est rei totius publicae, id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.: merere de republicā, Plaut. Am. prol. 40: de re publicā disputatio . . . dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12: oppugnare rem publicam, id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52: paene victā re publicā, id. Fam. 12, 13, 1: delere rem publicam, id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit: senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30: ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi, id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init.—Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1; but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse, Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.: eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum, Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44: circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum, id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—
• • • 2 Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.): hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet, Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.: nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse, Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28: parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt, id. 6, 41 fin.: Romana, Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.: ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti, Liv. 1, 28 fin.: Albana, id. 1, 6.— In plur.: res Asiae evertere, Verg. A. 3, 1: custode rerum Caesare, Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.: res sine discordiā translatae, Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —
• L Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.

rēs, reī, f. (altind. ras, Gut, Besitz, rāti, gibt), Sache, Ding im weitesten Sinne, I) im allg., Sache, Ding, Gegenstand, Wesen, Umstand, Lage, Angelegenheit, Vorfall, Begebenheit, Ereignis, Erscheinung, zuw. bl. = etwas, divinae humanaeque res, Cic.: res, quae numquam fuerunt, ut Scyllae, Cic.: natura rerum, Welt, Cic.: caput rerum (Welt) urbs Romana, Ov. – Genet. rerum pleonast., timeo quid rerum gesserim, Plaut.: quid rerum geritis? Plaut. u. Catull.: abdita rerum, Verborgenes, Hor.: ficta rerum, Schnurrpfeifereien, Hor.: dum ita rerum habet, Tert adv. Val. 14 in.: u. so rerum zur Verstärkung des Superl., rerum pulcherrima, Roma, die allerschönste, Verg.: pulcherrima rerum, eloquentia, Quint.: pulcherrime rerum, maxime rerum, Ov. – res divina, r. militaris, navalis, rustica u. dgl., s. dīvīnususw. – rem gerere, s. 1. gerono. I, B, 2. – si r. postulabit, die Sachlage, Cic.: ebenso res autem haec est, Cic. – quae res? quae haec res est? Plaut. (s. Brix Plaut. mil. 1343. p. 126). – multa signa sunt eius rei, hiervon, Cic.: si qua (invidia) ex re (daraus) oreretur, Liv.: neque est ulla r. (irgend etwas), in qua, Cic.: homines nullā re bonā digni, nichtswürdig, Cic.: sumptu ne parcas ulla in re, Cic.: res una solaque, das einzige, das einzige Mittel, Hor.: profecto, ut loquor, ita res est, so ist es, Plaut.: male se res habet, es steht schlimm, Cic.: Dion rem eo perduxit, ut etc., brachte es dahin, daß usw., Nep. – mala r., übler Handel, üble Lage, üble Umstände, Plaut. u. Sall.: gew. Plur. malae r. (Ggstz. bonae res), Komik. u.a.; vgl. adversus, secundus, florens, salvus u. dgl. – e re nata, nach Beschaffenheit der Umstände, Ter. u. Apul.: dass. pro re nata, Cic., u. bl. pro re, Liv. – nitentia (arma) ante rem, vor der Schlacht, Liv.: quibus (sc. litteris tuis) non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus, Cic. – r. nova, eine neue Erscheinung, Nep.: r. magna, ein wichtiges Ereignis, etwas Großes, Wichtiges, Liv. – res populi Romani (die Begebenheiten, Ereignisse, die Geschichte) perscribere, Liv.: u. so res Persicae, Nep.: veteres res, alte Geschichte, Cic.

II) insbes.: A) die Sache selbst, die Tat, der wirkliche Erfolg, der Augenschein, die Wirklichkeit, Wahrheit, res dicta secuta est, gesagt getan, Ov.: res indicabit, Cic.: ut ipsa res declaravit, Cic.: re tibi praestabo, ICt. – aut consilio aut re iuvero, Ter. – rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba, Cic.: hos deos non re, sed opinione esse, Cic.: nominibus differre, re congruere, Cic.: eum tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio confiteri, Cic.: vides, quantum distet argumentatio ab re ipsā atque a veritate, Cic.: haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā loquitur, Cic.: populi nomine, re autem verā sceleratissimo latrocinio, Cic.: et re verā, in der Tat, wirklich, Cic. – ut erat res, wie es sich wirklich verhielt, Sall.: u. so hoc od. id quod res est, wie es sich wirklich verhält, Komik.: u. bl. quod res est, Cic. ep. 13, 7, 2. – B) Besitztum, Vermögen, Hab und Gut, pro (im Verhältnis zu) re nostra, Ter.: rem quaerere (zu erwerben suchen), Plaut.: rem facere (erwerben), Ter. u. Hor.: rem augere, Cic.: rem conficere (vertun), Cic.: reliquias rei publicae dissipare, Cic. – Plur., reliquiae rerum suarum, Suet.: privatae res (Ggstz. res publica), Cic. – C) Interesse, Vorteil, Nutzen, res magis quaeritur, quam clientium fides, Plaut.: consulere suis rebus, Nep.: in rem suam convertere, Cic.: dum ob rem, wenn es nur nützlich ist, Ter.: verum id frustra an ob rem faciam, Sall.: ebenso si in rem est, Ter.: u. in rem et vostram et nostram esset, Ter.: quod in rem recte conducat tuam, Plaut. u. in rem est (es ist zweckdienlich, vorteilhaft) m. folg. Infin., Sall. u. Liv., od. m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., od. m. folg. ut u. Konj., Plaut. u. Ter.: ex tua re est, ut ego moriar, Plaut.: ex re mea, Cic.: ex re istius, Ter.: e od. ex re publica (zum Vorteile, zum Besten des Staates) fecisse, Cic., ducere, Liv.: u. ex od. e re publica est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. u. Liv.: subdole ab re consulit, er gibt Ratschläge (vom Vorteil weg, d.h.) zum Nachteil, Plaut.: u. so haud id ab re ancupis, Plaut. Vgl. übh. Brix Plaut. trin. 238. Spengel Plaut. truc. 2, 6, 40 u. Ter. Andr. 546. – D) Ursache, Grund, nur in der Verbndng. eā (hāc) re od. ob eam (hanc) rem, adv., deshalb, zu dem Behufe, eā re, Cic.: hāc re, Lucr. u. Sen. ep.: ob eam rem, Plaut., Cic. u.a. – E) Geschäftssache, Geschäftsangelegenheit, Geschäft, inter se multa communicare de tota illa ratione atque re Gallicana, Cic.: rem cum alqo transigere, Cic. – dah. übtr., allg.: res (alci) est cum alqo, m. jmd. zu tun (zu schaffen) haben, etiamne tecum hic res mihi est? Ter.: tecum mihi res est, T. Rosci, quoniam etc., Cic.: quoniam cum senatore res est, Cic.: u. v. Sachen, famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo, bekomme es zu tun mit Verlust u. Schaden, Plaut. trin. 219. – F) Rechtssache, Rechtsangelegenheit, Rechtshandel, Prozeß (allgemeiner als causa), utrum rem an litem dici oporteret, Cic.: de rebus ab isto cognitis iudicatisque et de iudiciis datis, Cic. – G) res publica u. (bes. bei Histor.) auch bl. res, das Gemeinwesen, das Gemeindewesen, Staatswesen, der Staat; auch Staatsleitung, Staatsverwaltung, Staatsgewalt, α) res p.: rei publicae pericula, Cic.: re publicā frui, Cic.: rem publicam sustinere, Cic.: rem publicam gerere, s. 1. gerono. I, B, 2, a u. b (Bd. 1. S. 2927 u. 2928): ratio rei totius publicae, Cic.: de re publica disputatio, Cic.: dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, Cic.: rem publicam recusare, den Staatsdienst aufgeben, Commod. bei Spart. Pesc. 4, 4: de tribus generibus rerum publicarum, Cic.: in rebus publicis, Cic. – β) bl. res: res Romana, Liv. u. Hor.: res Albana, Liv.: res eorum civibus, moribus, agris aucta, Sall. – Plur., res Priami evertere, Verg.: incruenta Urbs et res sine discordia translatae, Tac. – ➳ arch. Genet. re, Elog. clar. vir. 29 im Corp. inscr. Lat. 1. p. 288: arch. Dat. re, Lucil. 52 u. 969: arch. Abl. re͡e, einsilbig gemessen, Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 9499 = Carm. epigr. 959 A: Genet. re͡ einsilbig, und Dativ re͡i einsilbig oft bei Plaut. u. Ter., s. Georges Lexikon der lat. Wortf. S. 598.

1 res [CL] 1 possession, piece of property. b (pl.) possessions, property, material resources. c (res familiaris or propria) private property. d (res mobilis or immobilis) moveable or immoveable property. e typical or characteristic possessions or property (in quot., w ref. to clothing). rem, æhte GlP 614; 1269 A. versus B. de placito captionis et detentionis catallorum ‥ vel alterius singularis rei CBaron 82; 1316 si aliquis furatus fuerit rem valentem ij s. vel minus RGasc IV 1626 p. 474b.  b utinam praesentium rerum possessio non sit futurarum remuneratio Aldh. PR 142 p. 204; damna rerum [gl.: i. possessionum] formidans vel vitae dispendium Id. VirgP 33; nulli episcoporum liceat ea [monasteria] in aliquo inquietare nec quicquam de eorum rebus violenter abstrahere Bede HE IV 5 p. 216; copia reddituum singulis monasteriis largiter impartiebatur ‥ ne pro penuria rerum necessariarum in divino cultu ‥ frangerentur Ord. Vit. IV 6 p. 205; 1221 non fuit ballivus ejus nec custos rerum SelPlCrown 102; debent res et bona partis defendentis attachiari et teneri Quon. Attach. 1. 5.  c 1159 sicut res proprias ‥ custodiri Act. Hen. II I 240; rei familiaris ‥ penuria R. Bury Phil. prol. 5.  d 1244 in aliis quibuslibet rerum mobilium contractibus (Univ. Ox.) BBC 174; 12‥ per res ecclesie mobiles aut immobiles Conc. Scot. II 29; 1299 sub forisfactura omnium rerum mobilium eorum MGL II 69; 1340 res mee mobiles ‥ at se moventes FormOx 113.  e vestibus saecularibus exuatur et rebus monasterii regularibus, praeter cucullam, capitio assuto tunicae induatur Lanfr. Const. 169. 2 that which can be considered as a separate entity (concrete or abstr.), thing; (w. adj.) something, anything. b (phil.) a real thing (as dist. from a word or concept). c (math.) unknown quantity, root. Protheus ‥ in omnium rerum formas se vertere potuisse describitur Lib. Monstr. I 35; frivola, ignominiosa res GlC F 360; omonima, quae uno nomine plures res significant Ib. O 158; cum illis rebus quae cadunt in foresta DB I 38vb; epitima ‥ dicitur quando res pulverizatae subtiliter temperantur cum aliquo liquore ‥ SB 19; 1413 pro quolibet saumagio panno vel alterius rei mercatorie Foed. IX 30; 1427 pro emend' ‥ magne ciste pro rebus servandis Ac. Durh. 272.  b omne ‥ nomen finitum aliquid significat, ut ‘homo’, ‘lapis’, ‘lignum’. haec enim ut dicta fuerint simul res quas significant intellegimus Fridug. 126; aliter enim cogitatur res, cum vox eam significans cogitatur, aliter cum id ipsum quod res est intelligitur Anselm (Prosl. 22) I 103; 1166 res ‥ querit, curat, et assequitur veritas philosophie, non verba J. Sal. Ep. 199 (185); 1169 filius gratie [sc. Gratianus] cui ex re nomen est Ib. 291 (291); medium inter rem et sermonem vel vocem est conceptus Duns Praedic. 438 (v. conceptus 2a).  c substantia ‥ et 21 drachme 10 rebus equiparantur Rob. Angl. (I) Alg. 82. 3 (phil., theol.) single entity. illa rerum forma, quae in ejus ratione res creandas praecedebat, quid aliud est quam rerum quaedam in ipsa ratione locutio ‥? mentis ‥ sive rationis locutionem hic intelligo, non cum voces rerum significativae cogitantur, sed cum res ipsae vel futurae vel jam existentes acie cogitationis in mente conspiciuntur Anselm (Mon. 10) I 24; si ‥ in Deo tres personae sunt una tantum res et non sunt tres res unaquaeque per se separatim Ib. (Incarn. B I) II 4; est aliquis qui ‥ cum ‘genus’ audit vel ‘species’ [nunc] res quidem dicit intelligendas universales, nunc rerum maneries interpretatur J. Sal. Met. 876A; nulla forma est res per se existens separata a substantia J. Blund An. 15; res dicitur ut se ipso ens; res enim dicitur ut ens ratum Hales Sent. I 332; res uno modo est omne illud quod habet esse ordinatum a Deo Ib. II 362; a1345 res extra animam ‥ distinguuntur ab invicem (v. conceptualiter); noticia intuitiva rei est talis noticia virtute cujus potest sciri utrum res sit vel non Ockham Sent. prol. qu. 1 p. 31. 4 that which actually exists or occurs, fact, reality. b (re, re ipsa, re vera) in reality; c (contrasted w. spe). utrum sic erat in rei veritate aut sola apparencia, nescio Itin. Mand. 106.  b quasi pro patria pugnatura, re autem vera hanc expugnatura suscepit Bede HE I 15 p. 31; 1086 quia amiciciam quam a primordio mutuae cognitionis michi promisisti re ipsa cum opportunitas se ingessit semper demostrare studuisti Lanfr. Ep. 54 (56); licet verbis contrarii videantur, re tamen idem senserunt Adel. ED 12; nolo tamen dicere quin multi claustrales sub agnino vellere re sunt criminales Peckham Def. Mend. 202.  c spiritualis paupertas generat celestem beatitudinem, in qua jam vivunt pauperes Dei, etsi non re tamen spe Anselm Misc. 327; spe quam re longe abundantius exhilaratus Gir. EH I 2. 5 (pl.) things as combining to form the physical world, all that exists, the world or the sum of human affairs in the world. b (part. gen. w. superl. adj.) (the best etc.) in the world. a solo Domino Christo rerum reparator[e] Theod. Laterc. 12; ni rerum genitor mundum sermone coercens Aldh. Aen. 100 (Creatura) 64; digessit ‥ librum / prima creatarum pandentem semina rerum Id. VirgV 739; cui etiam summitates imperii rerumque potestates submissae sunt (Lit. Papae) Bede HE II 10 p. 101; chaos, prima confusio omnium rerum GlC C 361; eternus Dispositor rerum Ord. Vit. V 12 p. 395; corpora indivisibilia sunt principia ‥ et per hec ‥ conabantur salvare omnia que apparent sensibiliter in rebus T. Sutton Gen. & Corrupt. 72.  b dulce bonum Deus est: res est Deus optima rerum L. Durh. Dial. IV 261. 6 (often w. gerere) deed, act. b (res gestae) history. c (w. subj. gen.) achievements, exploits. cum comperissent rem [gl.: i. causam] per virum Dei gestam ‥ spoponderunt ‥ se fidem catholicam credituros Aldh. VirgP 38 p. 288; periculosa res [AS: þinge] est capere cetum Ælf. Coll. 94; sanctum ‥ religionis habitum devotus expetiit: quem mox rebus pariter et actibus sese induit V. Neot. A 1; rerum inclite gestarum memorabilis auctoritas Gir. TH intr. p. 4.  b res gestas prout antiquis codicibus inserte sunt ediscebat Ord. Vit. V 19 p. 446; non fabula quidem sed res gesta fuit Gir. TH II 24 p. 111.  c qui bella et heroum res gestas complectuntur, veluti est Ilias Homeri Aldh. Met. 10; codicibus ‥ perditis antiquorum res geste oblivioni tradite sunt que a modernis ‥ recuperari non possunt Ord. Vit. VI 9 p. 67. 7 (usu. w. adj., field of) activity or practice. b (w. sacra or divina) divine service, mass. Nero nihil omnino in re militari ausus est Bede HE I 3 p. 15; preter scientiam rei militaris W. Malm. GR III 238; 1415 cum ‥ ut res bellica expostulat iniisset consilium G. Hen. V 5; 1520 successit enim [Lupsetus] Joanni Clementi meo; nam is se totum addixit rei medicae (More) Ep. Erasm. IV 1087.  b 1552 rem sacram minus reverenter ‥ audire Conc. Scot. II 131; antequam exordiantur rem divinam, moneant ‥ personas excommunicatas ut quam primum sese a divinis rebus amoveant Ib. 133. 8 matter, object of consideration or practical concern, question, subject, fact. b (res verbi) a verb's lexical meaning. quod prius, quod post ponendum sit ut ordinem habeant res vel libri qui scribuntur Comm. Cant. I 16; Juvencus ‥ primo prologi versu hujus rei notitiam pandit Aldh. Met. 10; orationi et meditationi rerum ecclesiasticarum ‥ mancipatus Bede HE V 19 p. 324; lectiuncula ‥ edita ‥ ab auctore ignaro, cui non plene ‥ patuit rerum et temporum certitudo Ord. Vit. VI 10 p. 86; trino ‥ modo, rebus attestantibus, hodie cernitur [Cestria] clara qui literatum habet episcopum, liberalem archidiaconum, lucidum clerum Lucian Chester 41.  b in verbo personali semper duo intelliguntur: persona verbi et res verbi ut in hoc verbo ‘lego’ intelligitur persona verbi sc. ‘ego’ et res verbi sc. ‘lectio’ Vinsauf AV II 2. 47. 9 business, affair, dealings (usu. pl.); b (w. publicae). c (euphem., rem habere cum & abl.) to have an affair or sexual relations with. in ipsis rebus spiritalibus ‥ exemplum trahere a rebus etiam carnalibus possumus Bede HE I 27 p. 52; ecclesiae rebus ‥ in omnibus consulere ‥ curavit Ib. II 6 p. 93; necessariis rebus explicitis ‥ exeant [fratres] in claustrum Lanfr. Const. 157; postpositis rerum negotiis ‥ tota obviam Cantia effunditur Gosc. Transl. Mild. 16; haste franguntur omnes, gladiis res agitur H. Hunt. HA VII 31; ipsi pluribus secularium rerum curis tunc occupabantur Ord. Vit. III 3 p. 63.  b conductores ‥ vectigalium fisci vel rerum publicarum Bede Mark 150; episcopo commendata erat amministratio rerum publicarum W. Malm. GR IV 306.  c pervenit ad eum ‥ juvenem ‥ sompniasse quod cum ipsa [regina] rem habuisset Map NC II 22 f. 31; numquam fuit ei desponsata nec rem habuit cum illa Bracton f. 302. 10 (leg.) matter at issue, case. apostolicam sedem de sua causa appellans, et ab hac potestate de certis incertisque rebus absolutus Bede HE V 19 p. 327; clericus in re ecclesiastica procuratorem constituere non potest Ric. Angl. Summa 18 p. 22; brevia ‥ paucis verbis intentionem proferentis exponunt ‥ sicut regula juris rem que est breviter enarrat Fleta 76; cum res per clamium ‥ litigiosa efficiatur Bracton f. 7 (v. currere 6c). 11 matter in hand, present business. b (ad rem) to the point, relevant. c (a re) pointless, irrelevant. potestas laicalis suprema quantum ad rem cadit in papam Ockham Pol. I 20.  b 1393 ut de aliis que ad rem faciunt queque in prioribus litteris nostris vobis propter ea destinatis nullatenus omittuntur ‥ taceamus Dip. Corr. Ric. II 121.  c nec ab re est unum ‥ enarrare Bede HE III 2; a1074 non ab re tamen esse credimus si predicanda studia vestra nostra adhortatione pulsamus Lanfr. Ep. 37 (9); vacandi causam, licet aliquantulum videatur ab re, indignum tamen putavimus penitus silendo pretermittere Chr. Battle f. 107v; non ab re erit ‥ discribere Higd. II prol. p. 174. 12 thing that happens, event, occurrence. b (rei eventus) outcome. c (pl.) situation, state of things, circumstances, course of events. si res sic postulavisset Gildas EB 7; rem ‥ illam tam mirabilem ‥ ut viderat indicavit V. Cuthb. I 5; in sepelitione ‥ episcopi res accidit inusitata Ord. Vit. V 7 p. 330.  b genitore Ambrosio eventum rei [gl.: i. ipsius] praestulante Aldh. VirgP 26; ut rei eventus probabat V. Cuthb. I 5; sicut evidentius rerum eventus probavit Bede HE I 14 p. 30.  c imperator futurarum ignorantia rerum acriter artatur Aldh. VirgP 25 p. 259; contemplativam ‥ contra rerum naturam ‥ exercuit vitam Ib. 29; 705 prospere rebus succedentibus Wealdhere Ep. 22; turbatis ‥ rebus Nordanhymbrorum hujus articulo cladis Bede HE II 20 p. 125; tres sunt cursus rerum sc. mirabilis, naturalis, voluntarius Anselm (Orig. Pecc. 11) II 154; versa rerum facie, qui vicerant victi et victi fuere victores W. Malm. GR IV 376; turbatis in Normannia rebus rex Anglie regnum optime disposuit Ord. Vit. IV 8 p. 237. 13 whole body of people constituting an independent community or state, commonwealth (of var. or unspec. extent): a (res publica or sim.); b (w. ref. to Rome); c (w. ref. to Christian Europe); d (w. ref. to kingdom of England or part of it); e (w. ref. to city). f (res Christiana or sim.) Christendom. g (transf., res litteraria) republic of letters, collective body of those engaged in literary pursuits. a excessione caloris et frigoris eliminata vigeret mortalis res publica Adel. QN 71; ut sibi fidelis esset et contra publicos hostes totis nisibus rempublicam defenderet Ord. Vit. XII 20 p. 372; in eum [principem] omnium subditorum potestas confertur ut ‥ humane rei publice status optime disponatur J. Sal. Pol. 513C; nullius rei politice est diuturna felicitas nisi universitati prospiciat caput incolume Ib. 621C; rei ‥ publice utilitatibus occupantur P. Blois Ep. 150. 440B; potest esse dubium que est magis necessaria reipublice, vel justicia vel amicicia Holcot Wisd. 12.  b ut per divinationem addisceret quis regnaturus fuisset post ipsum [Augustum Caesarem] in Romanam rempublicam [v. l. Romana republica] Theod. Laterc. 8; quasi quoddam reipublicae vectigal et fiscale tributum Aldh. Met. 2; Constantinus ‥ imperator Romanam rempublicam ‥ omnipotenti Deo ‥ subdidit Bede HE I 32 p. 68; Vindecium ‥ declaratorem conjurationis utilitati reipublice perniciose Neckam NR II 155 p. 243.  c Attila ‥ intolerabilis reipublicae remansit hostis Bede HE I 13 p. 29; s1343 attendentes ‥ et ecclesiae ‥ ac utilitati reipublicae convenire (Lit. Papae) Ad. Mur. Chr. 149.  d ? c1260 sic respublica perit, terra desolatur Pol. Songs 122; dum ‥ regis Anglie ‥ primo ‥ suam concernentibus curiam, deinde vero rempublicam regni sui ‥ fungeremur officiis R. Bury Phil. 8. 118; 1341 tocius reipublice nostre administracionem (Lit. Regis) Wals. HA I 244; s1344 deliberatum fuit quod dominus rex in Anglia hiemaret, non obstantibus ‥ ordinacionibus ‥ ad magnum dampnum reipublice ‥ factis Ad. Mur. Chr. 160; s738 ne vacillaret Northumbrensium respublica ‥ Ciren. I 238.  e Plato rempublicam oracione formavit ‥ et ego situm et rem publicam Londonie [describam] W. Fitzst. Thom. prol. 1; 1553 cartam factam per ‥ prepositum burgi de Montros ‥ ballivos, consules, et communitatem ejusdem ‥ pro reparatione sui lie pere et aliis dampnis sue reipublice tempore guerre illatis RMS Scot 1746.  f profuit toti reipublicae Christianae R. Bury Phil. prol. 9; sperare ‥ illum [Henricum] aliquando totius rei Christianae monarchiam adversus militantis ecclesiae hostes truculentissimos defensurum André Hen. VII 47.  g ne eorum quidem qui se totos ad sapientiae studia convertere millesimum in medium adferre respublica litteraria potest Dee Monas pref. p. 179. 14 (res publica) activities affecting the whole people, affairs of state (in quot. transf., w. ref. to domestic affairs of single person). b common good, prosperity of the community. multo tempore ‥ solitarie exacto ‥ aliquem suscepit qui ei deserviret et ejus rei publice diligentiorem custodiam adhiberet R. Cold. Godr. 113.  b ordinandi statuta et acta infra dictum burgum pro bono regimine et republica ejusdem Ch. Edinburgh 163; 1575 statuta ‥ que erunt bona et necessaria pro republica predicte ville Pat 1123 m. 8. 15 reason, influential fact. b (absque re or sim.) without reason. pro qua re ‥ Johannes Baptista truncatus est Bede HE I 27 p. 51; dicit ‥ quia si esset episcopus, pro nulla re daret boscum illum Feod. Durh. 233.  b 802 qualiter jam crebro vita vestra a multis diffamata est; et non absque re Ep. Alcuin. 247; Gilebert non sine re gilur appellatur Pol. Songs 49. 16 duty, service. huius villae villani ab omni re vicecomitis sunt quieti DB I 30va; a1135 quieta ‥ de omnibus rebus CalCh II 102; c1269 omnes res, assisas, et alios exitus ad vicecomitem pertinentes Cl 176.

2 res v. resh

rēs, (3) rĕī, f.

I chose, objet, être, affaire, fait, événement, circonstance : quanto in partes res quæque minutas distrahitur magis... Lucr. 2, 826, plus un objet (un corps) est divisé en parties menues...; rerum divinarum et humanarum scientia Cic. Tusc. 4, 57, la connaissance des choses divines et humaines ; res efficientes, res effectæ Cic. Top. 58, les forces efficientes, les effets produits ; quod ipsa res declaravit Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, comme lʼévénement même lʼa montré ; res urbanæ Cic. Off. 1, 74, faits de la vie civile ; quoquo modo se res habet Cic. Fam. 1, 5 a, 2, quoi quʼil en soit ; in secundissimis rebus Cic. Off. 1, 91, quand les affaires ont le cours le plus heureux ; v. militaris, bellicus, familiaris, rusticus, etc. || est gloria solida quædam res Cic. Tusc. 3, 3, la gloire est qqch. de solide ; neque est ulla res, in qua... Cic. Rep. 1, 2, et il nʼy a rien en quoi...; multa signa sunt ejus rei Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5, il y a maintes preuves de cela ; his rebus fiebat ut... Cæs. G. 1, 2, 4, grâce à cela il arrivait que...; quarum rerum... nihil Cæs. G. 3, 4, 3, rien de tout cela, cf. G. 5, 1, 7 ; quarum omnium rerum maxime admirandum videbatur, quod... Cæs. G. 6, 42, 3, de tout cela ce qui lui semblait le plus étonnant, cʼest que... ; genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt Ter. Eun. 248, race dʼhommes qui veulent être les premiers du monde ; maxima rerum Roma Virg. En. 7, 602, Rome, la merveille du monde ; quid agis, dulcissime rerum ? Hor. S. 1, 9, 4, comment vas-tu, très cher ? || [expressions]: e re nata Ter. Ad. 295, dʼaprès la situation ; pro re nata Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2 ; 14, 6, 1, étant données les circonstances ; pro tempore et pro re Cæs. G. 5, 8, 1, selon le temps et les circonstances, cf. Sall. J. 50, 2 ; Liv. 7, 33, 3, ou ex re et ex tempore Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3 || [le gén. pl. rerum qqf. nʼest pas rendu en français]: rerum repugnantia Cic. Phil. 2, 19, contradiction ; omnium rerum desperatio Cic. Cat. 2, 25, désespérance complète ; inopia rerum omnium Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 134, dénuement complet ; causæ rerum Cic. Fin. 2, 45, les causes ; in natura rerum omnium Cic. de Or. 2, 317, dans toute la nature.

II [sens part.] ¶ 1 le fait, lʼacte, la réalité : non re, sed nomine Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 87, non pas de fait, mais de nom ; non re, non verbo Cic. Balbo 58, ni par des actes, ni par des paroles ; re quidem vera Cic. Clu. 54, mais en réalité ; re vera Cic. Div. 2, 110, en réalité, en fait || les idées, le fond : res bonas verbis electis graviter ornateque dictas quis non legat ? Cic. Fin. 1, 8, qui ne lirait un ouvrage où de belles idées sont exposées, en termes choisis, avec force et élégance ? re mihi non æque satis facit Cic. Fin. 1, 15, pour le fond des idées il ne me donne pas la même satisfaction ; de re magis quam de verbis laborans Cic. Or. 77, plus préoccupé du fond que de la forme ; quæ quidem ad rem pertineat, una (dissensio) Cic. Leg. 1, 53, pour ce qui concerne le fond des choses, il nʼy a quʼun seul point où ils ne sont pas dʼaccord ; re ac non verbis dissidere Cic. Leg. 1, 54, être séparés par les idées, non par des mots seulement ¶ 2 ce quʼon possède, bien, avoir : Pl. Bacch. 1113 ; Trin. 330 ; Ter. Eun. 258, etc. ; rem augere Cic. Rab. Post. 38, augmenter sa fortune ; privatæ res Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5, fortune privée ¶ 3 intérêt, avantage, utilité : Pl. Men. 575 ; Cist. 97 ; in rem esse alicui Pl. Aul. 129 ; Ter. Andr. 546 ; alicujus Ter. Hec. 102 ; 249 ; Phorm. 449, être conforme à lʼintérêt de qqn ; quæ in rem sunt Liv. 26, 24, 7 ; 30, 4, 6, les choses utiles ; in rem est avec inf. Sall. C. 20, 1, il est utile de || ex tua re non est, ut... Pl. Ps. 338, il nʼest pas de ton intérêt que... ; re publica Cic. de Or. 2, 124, dans lʼintérêt général, v. e, ex || ab re aliquid orare Pl. Capt. 338, demander qqch. de désavantageux, contraire à lʼintérêt, cf. Pl. Trin. 239 ; non ab re est avec inf., il nʼest pas sans intérêt de : Liv. 8, 11, 1 ; Suet. Aug. 94 ; Dom. 11, etc. || [avec ut ] il nʼest pas inutile que : Gell. 1, 26, 4 ; 2, 2, 12, [ou avec prop. inf.] Liv. 35, 32, 6 ¶ 4 affaire, relations dʼaffaires : re ac ratione conjunctus cum aliquo Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 172, lié avec qqn par les affaires et par les comptes, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 22 ; 5, 8 ; Quinct. 15 ; Clu. 39 || res alicui est cum aliquo Cic. Amer. 84, qqn a affaire à qqn, cf. Cic. Sest. 37 ; Fam. 9, 20, 2 ; mecum eis res erit Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 183, cʼest à moi quʼils auront affaire, cf. Cic. Br. 317 ¶ 5 affaire judiciaire, litige : [distinction entre res et lis ] Cic. Mur. 27 ; Varro L. 7, 93 ; Liv. 1, 32, 11 || [opp. à causa ] = une affaire en général, un fait à propos duquel il y a le procès (la mise en cause) de qqn : multa quæ sunt in re, quia remota sunt a causa, prætermittam Cic. Cæc. 11, beaucoup de faits qui se rattachent à lʼaffaire, étant étrangers à la cause que je défends, je les passerai sous silence, cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 5 ; 2, 7, 3, etc. || [opp. à crimen, sens analogue] crimen judicio reservavi, rem notavi Cic. Mil. 14, jʼai réservé à lʼappréciation des juges le chef dʼaccusation [c.-à-d. ce qui constitue la causa ; ici, la question de culpabilité de Milon] tout en flétrissant le fait [meurtre de Clodius] ; cf. et de re et de causa judicavit Cic. Mil. 15, il a prononcé et sur le fait [meurtre de Clodius] et sur la cause [culpabilité de Milon] || [expr.] nihil ad rem, cela ne se rapporte en rien à lʼaffaire, ce nʼest pas la question, peu importe : Cic. Att. 12, 40, 2 ; Fin. 2, 82 ; sed hoc minus ad rem Cic. Div. 1, 67, mais cela nʼimporte pas ici ; quid ad rem ? Phil. 2, 72, quʼimporte ? ¶ 6 actes, faits [militaires], v. gerere || res populi Romani Liv. pr. 1, les faits = lʼhistoire du peuple romain ; scriptores rerum suarum secum habuit Cic. Arch. 24, il avait avec lui des historiens de ses exploits ¶ 7 cause, raison [dans les expressions suiv.] : ea re Cic. Att. 8, 8, 1, à cause de cela, ou hac re Lucr. 1, 172 ; ea re, quod Cic. Ac. 2, 111, par cette raison que ; ob eam rem, v. ob ; v. quamobrem, quare ¶ 8 a) res publica, la chose publique, lʼÉtat : Cic. Cat. 1, 22 ; Fam. 4, 9, 3 ; Rep. 1, 39, etc. || administration de lʼÉtat, affaires publiques, vie politique : in media re publica versari Cic. Rep. 1, 12, se mêler entièrement à la vie politique ; rem publicam tenere Cic. Rep. 3, 23, être maître du (occuper le) gouvernement ; rei publicæ usus Cic. Rep. 2, 1, la pratique des affaires publiques ; hac præsertim re publica Cic. de Or. 3, 63, étant donné surtout lʼétat politique actuel ; cives utiliores rebus suis publicis Cic. Off. 1, 155, des citoyens plus utiles au gouvernement dans leurs patries respectives ; consiliorum in re publica socius Cic. de Or. 1, 25, ayant les mêmes opinions politiques ; in re publica peccare Cic. Att. 7, 1, 3, faire des fautes politiques ; quam rem publicam habemus ! Cic. Cat. 1, 9, quel gouvernement avons-nous ! || [en part.] le gouvernement dans ses rapports avec lʼextérieur : in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli Cic. Off. 1, 34, dans lʼordre politique, il faut respecter avec le plus grand soin les droits de la guerre, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 33 ; 3, 46 || forme de gouvernement : tria genera rerum publicarum Cic. Rep. 1, 44, trois types de gouvernements ; quartum quoddam genus rei publicæ Cic. Rep. 1, 45, une sorte de quatrième forme de gouvernement [mélange des trois formes-types] ; b) res seul, même sens que res publica : res Romana Virg. En. 6, 858, la puissance romaine, lʼÉtat romain, cf. Liv. 6, 41, 8 ; 21, 16, 3, etc.; Sall. C. 6, 3 || pl., custode rerum Cæsare Hor. O. 4, 15, 17, Auguste étant le gardien de lʼÉtat, cf. Virg. En. 3, 1 ; Tac. H. 1, 29 ; res novæ, révolution politique, v. novus.

➳ rēi avec e long : Lucr. 1, 688 ; 2, 112, etc. || monosyll. : Lucr. 3, 918 ; 4, 885.

res , rei. f.
物。事。事業。家產。益。機。— Romana 羅瑪國。羅瑪兵。— prosperae vel secundae 順事。— adversae 不順之事。— divina 祭獻。神工。— navalis vel nautica 渡海之學。— bellica vel militaris 戰學。— pastoria 牧童事業。— cibi 係食之事。— familiaris 家貲。家務。Novae res 滋事。反叛。Angustae vel paupera res 窮苦。所需不給。Sic — se habet 事態卽如是也。Alias — agere 心不在。散心。Rem divinam facere 辦神工。祭獻。Rem facere 發財。倍本。Si in rem est utrique 若彼此有益。Re ipsa vel vera 實在。Re juvare 實然幚助。Pro re nata vel e re nata 随畤。照機。Rei alicui esse 有所用。Summa rerum 王權。Ab re est 不關此事。無益。Ad rem verba conferre 指事而言。Gerere rem vel res 交戰。Re probare 以遇之事爲徴。Rem suam facere 辦本身之事。Rem ipsam loqui 所言者眞是。Habere rem cum adversario 與人訟。Habere rem cum ea 與之交媾。Abhorrere a re uxoria 厭惡婚配。

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rēs (1) reī, f

• RA-, a thing, object, matter, affair, business, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case: divinarum humanarumque rerum cognitio: te ut ulla res frangat?: relictis rebus suis omnibus: rem omnibus narrare: si res postulabit, the case: re bene gestā: scriptor rerum suarum, annalist: neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.: magna res principio statim belli, a great advantage, L.: Nil admirari prope res est una, quae, etc., the only thing, H.: rerum, facta est pulcherrima Roma, the most beautiful thing in the world, V.: fortissima rerum animalia, O.: dulcissime rerum, H.—A circumstance, condition: In' in malam rem, go to the bad, T.: mala res, a wretched condition, S.: res secundae, good-fortune, H.: prosperae res, N.: in secundissimis rebus: adversa belli res, L.: dubiae res, S.—In phrases with e or pro: E re natā melius fieri haud potuit, after what has happened, T.: pro re natā, according to circumstances: consilium pro tempore et pro re capere, as circumstances should require, Cs.: pro re pauca loquar, V.: ex re et ex tempore.—With an adj.in circumlocution: abhorrens ab re uxoriā, matrimony, T.: in arbitrio rei uxoriae, dowry: belhcam rem administrari, a battle: pecuaria res et rustica, cattle: liber de rebus rusticis, agriculture: res frumentaria, forage, Cs.: res iudiciaria, the administration of justice: res ludicra, play, H.: Veneris res, O.—A subject, story, events, facts, history: cui lecta potenter erit res, H.: agitur res in scaenis, H.: res populiR.perscribere, L.: res Persicae, history, N.—An actual thing, reality, verity, truth, fact: ipsam rem loqui, T.: nihil est aliud in re, in fact, L.: se ipsa res aperit, N.: quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā.—Abladverb., in fact, in truth, really, actually: eos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt: verbo permittere, re hortari: hoc verbo ac simulatione Apronio, re verā tibi obiectum: haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur: venit, specie ut indutiae essent, re verā ad petendum veniam, L.—Effects, substance, property, possessions, estate: et re salvā et perditā, T.: talentūm rem decem, T.: res eos iampridem, fides nuper deficere coepit: in tenui re, in narrow circumstances, H.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus: privatae res.—A benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal: Quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua, is concerned, T.: Si in remst utrique, ut fiant, if it is a good thing for both, T.: in rem fore credens universos adpellare, useful, S.: imperat quae in rem sunt, L.: Non ex re istius, not for his good, T.: contra rem suam me venisse questus est: minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, T.: ob rem facere, advantageously, S.: haec haud ab re duxi referre, irrelevant, L.: non ab re esse, useless, L.—A cause, reason, ground, account.—In the phrase, eā re, therefore: illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.; see also quā re, quam ob rem.—An affair, matter of business, business: multa inter se communicare et de re Gallicanā: tecum mihi res est, my business is: erat res ei cum exercitu, he had to deal: cum his mihi res sit, let me attend to, Cs.: quocum tum uno rem habebam, had relations, T.—A case in law, lawsuit, cause, suit, action: utrum rem an litem dici oporteret: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, L.(old form.): capere pecunias ob rem iudicandam.—An affair, battle, campaign, military operation: res gesta virtute: ut res gesta est narrabo ordine, T.: his rebus gestis, Cs.: bene rem gerere, H.: res gestae, military achievements, H.—Of the state, in the phrase, res publica (often written respublica, res p.), the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic: dum modo calamitas a rei p. periculis seiungatur: si re p. non possis frui, stultum nolle privatā, public life: egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem p. sustinere: auguratum est, rem Romanam p. summam fore: paene victā re p.: rem p. delere.—In the phrase, e re publicā, for the good of the state, for the common weal, in the public interests: senatūs consultis bene et e re p. factis: uti e re p. fideque suā videretur. —Plur: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum p.: utiliores rebus suis publicis esse.—Without publica, the state, commonwealth, government: Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. C.: Hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam Sistet, V.: nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse, L.: res Asiae evertere, V.: Custode rerum Caesare, H.—In the phrase, rerum potiri, to obtain the sovereignty, control the government: qui rerum potiri volunt: dum ea (civitas) rerum potita est, become supreme.—In the phrase, res novae, political change, revolution.

rēs pūblica (2) see res.

RES

RES[DOMINIUM]

Res

See dominium.