shatter

shatter
v. trans.
P. and V. ῥηγνύ̆ναι (P. generally compounded), ἀ̆πορρηγύναι, κᾰταρρηγνύναι, κᾰταγνύναι, συντρί̄βειν (Eur. Cycl.), Ar. and V. θραύειν (also Plat. and Ar. but rare P.), V. συνθραύειν, σῠνᾰράσσειν, ἀγνύναι, διᾰπᾰλύ̄νειν, P. διαθραύειν.
Be shattered: use pass. of verbs given, also V. διαρραίεσθαι.
Shatter the health of a person: P. διαθρύπτειν (τινά).

SHATTER

To break in pieces frangere confringere: quassare.

To weaken crush debilitare: infirmum reddere: minuere: imminuere: comminuere: frangere: conficere: affligere. My strength is shattered vires me deficiunt: debilitor et frangor: to shatter the enemy’s forces hostium vim pervertere.

shatter (v.):

I. To dash into pieces:

1. frango, frēgi, fractum, 3: v. TO BREAK. More adequately expr. by comps.: (1). confringo, 3: by kicking against them with my feet I nearly s.'d these two doors, pultando pedibus pene confregi hasce ambas fores, Pl. Most. 2, 2, 25: trees s.'d by the violence of the storm, arbores vi tempestatis confractae, Ulp. Dig. 39, 2, 24. (2). perfringo, 3 (rare in this sense): the ships had s.'d their prows, naves proras perfregerant, Liv. 22, 20, init. (3). effringo, 3 (to dash out by a violent blow): cf. Virg. Aen. 5 480, effracto illisit in ora cerebro.

2. discŭtio, cussi, cussum, 3 (to rend in pieces): the column was s.'d by lightning from the top to the bottom, columna tota ad imum fulmine discussa est, Liv. 42, 20: to s. the hollow temples with one blow, d. tempora cava ictu, Ov. M. 2, 625: the prow of the ship being s.'d, rostro navis discusso, Auct. B. Alex. 46.

3. ēlīdo, si, sum, 3 (to dash out or in pieces by a violent blow): to s ships (as a storm does), naves e., Caes. B. C. 3, 27: Pl.

4. quasso, 1 (to shake violently, damage by shaking): the vessels being s.'d, quassatis vasis, Lucr. 3, 435: the fleet being s.'d by storms, classis ventis quassata, Virg. Aen. 1, 551. So, quassas rates, s.'d barks, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 18. Comp. conquasso, 1 (rare): to s. a cup, calicem c., Cato R. R. 52, fin.

II. Fig. sense:

1. frango, 3: esp. in p. part., fractus: s.'d by defeats and calamities, proeliis calamitatibusque fractus, Caes. B. G. 1, 33, med.: Virg. So, comps. (1). infringo, 3: this battle so s.'d the power of the Samnites, hoc proelium Samnitium res ita infregit, Liv. 8, 39, med.: v. TO IMPAIR. (2). confringo, 3 (stronger): Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5, 13: Val. Max.

2. commĭnuo, i, ūtum, 3 (strictly, to break into small pieces): to s. the resources of a state, opes civitatis c., Cic. Verr. 5, 37, extr. Join: frangere et comminuere, id. Off. 2, 11, fin.

3. sometimes, dēbĭlĭto, 1 (to disable): cf. Nep. Ages. 5, quum eo facto opes adversariorum debilitatae viderentur (quite s.'d and overthrown). Phr.. s.'d in constitution, *cujus corporis vires morbo [laboribus, etc.] confectae sunt: cujus corporis vires [vitiis, etc.] effetae sunt: cf. Cic. Sen. 9, 29.

ῥήγνυμι
ῥήγνυμι, break, shatter
κατάγνυμι
to break in pieces, shatter, shiver, crack
θραύω
to break in pieces, shatter, shiver

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appearing fewer than 50 times

διαπαλύνω
to shiver, shatter
καταθραύω
to break in pieces, shatter
συνάγνυμι
to break together, break to pieces, shiver, shatter
συναράσσω
to dash together, dash in pieces, shiver, shatter
ἐξαράσσω
to dash out, shatter
ῥαίω
to break, shiver, shatter, wreck

frango
to break in pieces, dash to pieces, shiver, shatter, fracture
discutio
to strike asunder, dash to pieces, shatter
confringo
to break in pieces, shatter
perfringo
to break through, break in pieces, shiver, shatter

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appearing fewer than 50 times

afflicto
to break to pieces, destroy, shatter, damage, injure
collido
to dash to pieces, shatter, batter, crush
dimminuo
to break to pieces, shatter, break
dirumpo
to break to pieces, break, shatter