stipendiarii
STIPENDIA´RII(1) Persons who received a fixed pay or salary, as stipendiariae cohortes (Hirtius, Bell. Afr. 43; cf. Livy (Liv. 8.8).
(2) Those peoples in the Roman provinces were so called who had to pay a fixed money tribute, stipendium, in contradistinction to the vectigales (Cic. Ver. 4.6. 0, 134), who paid decumae, or a fixed percentage of the produce of their lands or other income [see VECTIGALIA; PROVINCIAE ]. The word stipendium was used for tribute, because it was originally appropriated to the purpose of furnishing the Roman soldiers with pay (stipendium, Livy (Liv. 4.36, 60; Tac. Hist. 4.74). All provinces paid stipendium, except Sicily, and except, Asia between B.C. 123-48. The money was for the most part raised and paid over by each township.
Later, the lawyers of the Empire distinguished stipendium from tributum, making both mean a land-tax of fixed amount; but the former was raised in senatorial provinces, the latter in Imperial provinces (Gaius, 2.21).
(See also under VECTIGALIANo. 13.)
[F.T.R]See stipendium.