surgo

multo ante lucem surrexit
he rose long before dawn

surgō, surrēxī, surrēctus, 3, a. and n.: to raise, prick up, 4.183; rise, spring up, arise, 3.513, et al.; as an enemy, 10.28; to swell, 9.30; to tower up, 10.725; increase, grow, rise, 4.274; impend, threaten, 4.43. Cf. subrigō. (sub and regō)

surgo and surrĭgo (subr-): surrexi and subrexi, surrectum and subrectum, 3 (perf. surregit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 296 Müll.; orig. forms: surrigit, Verg. A. 4, 183; Sen. Q. N. 6, 4: surriguntur, id. Ira, 1, 1 med.: surrigebant, Hier. Vit. Hil. fin.: subrigens, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88; 10, 29, 44, § 86: subrigere, id. 18, 35, 89, § 365. — Sync. forms: surrexti, Mart. 5, 79, 1: surrexe, Hor. S. 1, 9, 73), v. a. and n. [contr. from surrigo, from sub-rego].

• I Act., to lift or raise up, to raise, erect, elevate (very rare; after the Aug. per., the original uncontracted forms were chiefly used in this sense, to distinguish it from the class. signif., II.): plaudite, valete: lumbos surgite atque extollite, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 68 (733): caput, Sen. Herc. Fur. 329: omnes capitum hiatus ( = capita hiantia), Stat. Th. 2, 27: surgit caput Apenninus, Avien. Perieg. 484: tot surrigit aures, Verg. A. 4, 183: terrae motus defert montes, surrigit plana, valles extuberat, Sen. Q. N. 6, 4, 2: paulatim subrigens se, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88: cristam, id. 10, 29, 44, § 86: cornua, Col. 7, 3, 3; cf. mid.: horrent et surriguntur capilli, rise, stand erect, Sen. Ira, 1, 1, 4: hastae surrectā cuspide in terrā fixae, Liv. 8, 8: mucrone surrecto, id. 7, 10, 10: calcar equo, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 12: aures subrectae furentibus, Plin. 11, 37, 50, § 137: turres subrectae, Sen. Ep. 86, 4: surrecta moles, Sil. 2, 599.—
• II Neutr., to rise, arise, to get up, stand up (the predominant and class. signif. of the word; syn.: exsurgo, exorior).
• • A Lit.
  • • 1 In gen.: a mensā surgunt saturi, poti, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62 (291): a cenā, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 13: e lecto, Ter. Ad. 520: e lectulo, Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112: de sellā, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147: ex subselliis, id. Fl. 10, 22: solio, Ov. M. 3, 273: humo, id. ib. 2, 771; id. F. 6, 735: toro, id. M. 9, 702: toris, id. ib. 12, 579: ab umbris ad lumina vitae, Verg. A. 7, 771.— Esp., of an orator: cur, cum tot summi oratores sedeant, ego potissimum surrexerim, Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1: ad dicendum, id. de Or. 2, 78, 316; Quint. 2, 6, 2: ad respondendum, Cic. Clu. 18, 51: surgit ad hos Ajax, Ov. M. 13, 2.—Absol.: nolo eum, qui dicturus est, sollicitum surgere, Quint. 12, 5, 4: secundā vigiliā surgit, breaks up the camp, marches, Curt. 5, 4, 23.—
    • • b Of things, to rise, mount up, ascend (mostly poet.; syn. ascendo): surgat pius ignis ab arā, Ov. P. 4, 9, 53: jussit subsidere valles ... lapidosos surgere montes, id. M. 1, 44: mons Rhipaeus, Mel. 1, 19 fin.: Atlas, id. 3, 10. — Of the sea: fretum, Ov. M. 14, 711: mare, id. ib. 15, 508: aequora, Verg. A. 3, 196: undae, id. ib. 6, 354: amoeni fontes, Quint. 8, 3, 8: cacumina oleae in altum, id. 8, 3, 10: fistula disparibus avenis, Ov. M. 8, 192; cf. poet.: surgens in cornua cervus ( = ferens cornua ardua), i. e. towering, Verg. A. 10, 725: umeri surgunt, id. ib. 10, 476: lux Praecipitatur aquis et aquis nox surgit ab isdem, Ov. M. 4, 92; id. F. 4, 629: sol, Hor. S. 1, 9, 73: dies, Verg. G. 3, 400: luna, id. A. 6, 453: tenebrae, Sen. Thyest. 822: austri, Verg. A. 3, 481: ventus, id. ib. 5, 777: quae (aedes) proxima surgit ovili, stands, Juv. 6, 529.—
    • 2 In partic.
    • • a To rise, arise, get up from bed, from sleep: ille multo ante lucem surrexit, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: ante lucem, id. Att. 16, 13, a: cum die, Ov. M. 13, 677: mane ad invisas rotas, id. Am. 1, 13, 38: ad lites novas, id. ib. 1, 13, 22: ad praescripta munia, Hor. S. 2, 2, 81.—
      • b To rise in growth, to spring up, grow up; to rise in building, be built, etc. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): venerata Ceres culmo surgeret alto, Hor. S. 2, 2, 124: nec potuere surgere messes, Verg. G. 1, 161: harundo, Ov. M. 13, 891: sementis, Col. 2, 8, 5: surgens arx, Verg. A. 1, 366; cf.: nunc aggere multo Surgit opus, Luc. 2, 679: area cinere mixtisque pumicibus oppleta surrexerat, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 14: Ascanius surgens, growing, Verg. A. 4, 274.—
      • c To ascend, go up: ad auras Aetherias, i. e. into life, Verg. A. 6, 762.—
  • B Trop., to rise, arise, occur, etc. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): multum supra prosam orationem surgit, Quint. 10, 1, 81: quae nunc animo sententia surgit? Verg. A. 1, 582: pugna aspera surgit, id. ib. 9, 667: discordia, id. ib. 12, 313: rumor, Tac. H. 2, 42: honor, Ov. F. 5, 228: ingenium suis velocius annis, id. A. A. 1, 186: non ulla laborum nova mi facies surgit, Verg. A. 6, 104.—Of the swell of a verse: sex mihi surgat opus numeris; in quinque residat (cf.: "in the hexameter rises the fountain's silvery column," Coleridge), Ov. Am. 1, 1, 27. —
  • • 2 With in or ad and acc., to rise to or against, to attempt, assume, attack, etc. (poet. and late Lat.): in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis Tydides, Verg. A. 10, 28: surrecturus in vires, si ipse quoque lacesseretur, Amm. 31, 3, 4: Procopius in res surrexerat novas, id. 26, 5, 8: ad motum certaminum civilium avide surrecturus, id. 21, 15, 1: ad insontium pericula surrexerunt, id. 21, 13, 14; Ap. Met. 7, 23, 6.

surgo, surrēxī etc., s. subrigo.

surgō, (8) surrēxī, surrēctum, surgĕre (surrigo, sub et rego).

I tr., arch., mettre debout, dresser : *Pl. Epid. 733 ; v. subrigo.

II intr., se lever, se mettre debout : ¶ 1 de sella Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 147, se lever de son siège ; e lectulo Cic. Off. 3, 112, de son lit ; ex subselliis Cic. Fl. 22, des banquettes ; solio Ov. M. 3, 273, de son siège, cf. Ov. M. 9, 702 ; 12, 579 ; etc. ; ab umbris ad lumina vitæ Virg. En. 7, 771, remonter de la nuit à la clarté du jour ; in Teucros surgit ab Arpis Virg. En. 10, 28, il surgit dʼArpi pour combattre les descendants de Teucer || [en parl. dʼun orateur] se lever pour prendre la parole : Cic. Amer. 1 ; de Or. 2, 316 ; Clu. 51 || se lever, quitter le lit : Cic. Inv. 2, 14 ; Att. 16, 13 a, 1 ; Ov. M. 13, 677 ; Hor. S. 2, 2, 81 ¶ 2 [en parl. de choses] : ignis surgit ab ara Ov. P. 4, 9, 53, le feu sʼélève de lʼautel ; mare surgit Ov. M. 15, 508, la mer se soulève, cf. Virg. En. 3, 196 ; 6, 354 ; surgente die Virg. G. 3, 400, au point du jour ; luna surgit Virg. En. 6, 453, la lune se lève, cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 73 ; surgens a puppi ventus Virg. En. 5, 777, le vent se levant en poupe, cf. Virg. En. 3, 481 ; messes surgunt Virg. G. 1, 161, le blé lève, cf. Hor. S. 2, 2, 124 ; Ov. M. 13, 891 ; surgens arx Virg. En. 1, 366, la citadelle en train de sʼélever, cf. Luc. 2, 679 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 6, 16, 14 || [poét.] Ascanius surgens Virg. En. 4, 274, Ascagne qui grandit ¶ 3 [fig.] supra prosam orationem surgere Quint. 10, 1, 81, sʼélever au-dessus de la prose ; quæ nunc animo sententia surgit ? Virg. En. 1, 582, quelle pensée maintenant se lève dans ton esprit ? pugna aspera surgit Virg. En. 9, 667, un combat violent sʼengage ; non ulla laborum nova mi facies surgit Virg. En. 6, 104, il nʼest point de fatigues dont lʼaspect surgisse nouveau devant moi ; rumor surrexit Tac. H. 2, 42, une nouvelle, un bruit surgit ¶ 4 se relever (moral^t ) : Aug. Psalm. 50, 3 ¶ 5 ressusciter : Vulg. Rom. 6, 4 ¶ 6 sʼinsurger : Vulg. Luc. 21, 10.

➳ pf. sync. surrexti Mart. 5, 79, 1 ; inf. surrexe Hor. S. 1, 9, 73.

surgo , is, rrexi, rrectum, rgere. n. 3.
起。出。生。興。長大。高。復元。Mare surgit 海起浪。Austri surgentes 括起之南風。\Surgite pro Subrigite. \Surrexe pro Surrexisse. \Surrexti pro* Surrexisti.

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surgō surrēxī, and subrēxī (surrēxe, for surrēxisse, H.), —, ere, perf.

• for subrigo; sub+rego, to rise, arise, get up, stand up: e lecto, T.: de sellā: ex subselliis: toro, O.: ab umbris ad lumina vitae, V.—Of a speaker, to rise, arise, take the floor: quid sit quod ego potissimum surrexerim: Surgit ad hos Aiax, O.—In the army, to break up, march: secundā vigiliā, Cu.—To rise, arise, leave one's bed, awaken: ante lucem: Cum die, O.: ad litīs novas, O.: praescripta ad munia, H.—To go up, rise, mount up, ascend: ad auras Aetherias, i. e. into life, V.: Iussit lapidosos surgere montes, O.: mare, O.: undae, V.: surgens in cornua cervus (i. e. ferens cornua ardua), towering, V.: sol, H.: ventus, V.: quae (aedes) proxima surgit ovili, stands, Iu.—To rise, spring up, grow up, be built: venerata Ceres culmo surgeret alto, H.: harundo, O.: Ascanius surgens, growing, V.—Fig., to rise, arise, occur: quae nunc animo sententia surgit?V.: discordia, V.: Ingenium suis velocius annis, O.: Sex mihi surgat opus numeris; in quinque residat, swell, O.—To rise to, rise against, attempt, attack: in Teucros, V.