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ἄνθρωπος

ἄνθρωπος, ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου, ὁ, human

ἄνθρωπος, ὁ, Att. crasis ἅνθρωπος, Ion. ὥνθρωπος, for ὁ ἄνθρ-:—
  • man, both as a generic term and of individuals, Hom. etc., opp. gods, ἀθανάτων τε θεῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων τʼ ἀνθρώπων Il. 5.442, etc.; πρὸς ἠοίων ἢ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων the men of the east or of the west, Od. 8.29; even of the dead in the Isles of the Blest, ib. 4.565; κόμπος οὐ κατʼ ἄνθρωπον A. Th. 425, cf. S. Aj. 761.
      • 2 Pl. uses it both with and without the Art. to denote man generically, ὁ ἄ. θείας μετέσχε μοίρας Prt. 322a; οὕτω . . εὐδαιμονέστατος γίγνεται ἄ. R. 619b, al.; ὁ ἄ. the ideal man, humanity, ἀπώλεσας τὸν ἄ., οὐκ ἐπλήρωσας τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν Arr. Epict. 2.9.3.
      • 3 in pl., mankind, ἀνθρώπων . . ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν Il. 9.134; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ . . ἀνθρώπων χρόνῳ S. Ph. 306; ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γίγνεσθαι depart this life, Paus. 4.26.5, cf. Philostr. VA 8.31.
        • b joined with a Sup. to increase its force, δεινότατον τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἁπάντων D. 53.2; ὁ ἄριστος ἐν ἀνθρώποις ὄρτυξ the best quail in the world, Pl. Ly. 211e; freq. without a Prep., μάλιστα, ἥκιστα ἀνθρώπων, most or least of all, Hdt. 1.60, Pl. Lg. 629a, Prt. 361e; ἄριστά γʼ ἀ., ὀρθότατα ἀ., Id. Tht. 148b, 195b, etc.
        • c τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πράγματα ‘all the trouble in the world’, ib. 170e; γραφὰς τὰς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἐγράφετο Lys. 13.73; αἱ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πληγαί Aeschin. 1.59; πάντα τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων κακὰ ἔλεγε D.C. 57.23.
      • 4 joined with another Subst., like ἀνήρ, ἄ. ὁδίτης Il. 16.263; πολίτας ἀ. D. 22.54; with names of nations, πόλις Μερόπων ἀνθρώπων h.Ap. 42; in Att. freq. in a contemptuous sense, ἄ. ὑπογραμματεύς, ἄ. γόης, ἄ. συκοφάντης, Lys. 30.28, Aeschin. 2.153,183; ἄ. ἀλαζών X. Mem. 1.7.2; ἄ. ὑφάντης Pl. Phd. 87b; Μενίππου, Καρός τινος ἀνθρώπου D. 21.175; ἄ. βασιλεύς Ev.Matt. 22.2.
      • 5 ἅνθρωπος or ὁ ἄνθρωπος alone, the man, the fellow, Pl. Prt. 314e, Phd. 117e; ὡς ἀστεῖος ὁ ἄ., with slight irony, ib. 116d, al.; with a sense of pity, D. 21.91.
      • 6 in the voc. freq. in a contemptuous sense, as when addressed to slaves, etc., ἄνθρωπε or ὤνθρωπε sirrah! you sir! Hdt. 3.63, 8.125, and freq. in Pl., but in Trag. only S. Aj. 791, 1154; simply, brother, POxy. 215.1, Diog.Oen. 2.
      • 7 slave, ἂν ἄ. ᾖ Philem. 22; ἄ. ἐμός Gal. 14.649; ὁ ἄ. τῆς ἁμαρτίας or ἀνομίας 2 Ep.Thess. 2.3; ἄ. τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Ep.Tim. 6.11; but τιθέναι τινὰ ἐν ἀνθρώποις make a man of, of a freed slave, Herod. 5.15.
      • 8 ἄ. ἄ. any one, Hebraism in LXX Le. 17.3 (cf. ἀνήρ VI.8); ἄ. like Germ. man ‘one’, 1 Ep.Cor. 4.1, al.
      • 9 Medic., name of a plaster, ἡ διὰ σάνδυκος ἄ. καλουμένη Aët. 15.43.
    • II as fem., woman, Pi. P. 4.98, Hdt. 1.60, Isoc. 18.52, Arist. EN 1148b20; contemptuously, of female slaves, Antipho 1.17, Is. 6.20, etc.; with a sense of pity, D. 19.197.—Prop. opp. θηρίον, cf. ἀνήρ; but opp. γυνή, Aeschin. 3.137; ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως γυναικός LXX 1 Es. 9.40, etc.

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