Orestes

Orestēs, ae or is, m.: son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, pursued by the Furies for the murder of his mother until he was acquitted by the Areopagus under the direction of Athena, 4.471.

Ŏrestes, is and ae, m., = Ὀρέστης,

• the son of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra, who avenged his father's death by slaying his mother, and, in company with his faithful friend Pylades and his sister Iphigenia, priestess of Diana in the Tauric Chersonese, carried away the image of Diana to Italy, near Aricia, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 30 (562): Agamemnonius Orestes, Verg. A. 4, 471: dico vicisse Oresten, Enn. ap. Non. 306, 28 (Trag. v. 191 Vahl.): cum Pylades Orestem se esse diceret, Cic. Lael. 7, 24: clamantem nomen Orestis, Ov. H. 8, 9: quod fuit Argolico juvenis Phoceus Orestae, id. Am. 2, 6, 15 (vulg. Oresti).—Voc.: tristis Oresta, Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 22.—
• • B Transf., a tragedy of Euripides, founded on the story of Orestes: cum Orestem fabulam doceret Euripides, Cic. Tusc. 4, 29, 63.—Hence,
• II Orestē-us, a, um, adj., = Ὀρεστεῖος, of or belonging to Orestes, Orestean: Diana, whose image was carried away by Orestes to Aricia, Ov. M. 15, 489.

Orestēs, ae u. is, m. (Ὀρέστης), Sohn des Agamemnon u. der Klytämnestra, Bruder der Iphigenia und Elektra, tötete auf des Orakels Befehl seine ehebrecherische Mutter und deren Buhlen Ägisthus, die Mörder des Agamemnon, und entführte mit Hilfe seines treuen Freundes Pylades u. seiner Schwester Iphigenia, der Dianapriesterin im taurischen Chersones, das Bildnis der Diana von dort nach Italien in die Nähe von Aricia, Nom., Cornif. rhet. 1, 25 u. 26. Cic. de fin. 2, 79. Verg. Aen. 3, 331 u. 4, 471. Hor. sat. 2, 3, 133: Genet. Orestae, Ov. trist. 1, 9, 27. Iustin. 17, 3, 7; Orestis, Ov. her. 8, 9; Oresti, Gell. 7, 5, 5: Dat. Orestae, Ov. am. 2, 6, 15 u.a. Mart. 6, 11, 3; Oresti, Ov. her. 8, 59: Akk. Orestem, Cic. Tusc. 3, 11 u.a.; Oresten, Cic. de fin. 2, 79: Vok. Orestă, Ov. trist. 1, 5, 22; Orestē, Ov. her. 8, 15: Abl. Oreste, Cic. Pis. 47. – Stoff einer Tragödie, s. Iuven. 1, 6. Donat. 375, 25 K. Pompeii comment. 162, 11 K. Consent. 345, 3 K. – Dav. Orestēus, a, um (Ὀρέστειος), orestëisch, dea, Diana, Ov. met. 15, 489.

Ŏrestēs (11) (æ, is et ī), m. (Ὀρέστης), Oreste [fils dʼAgamemnon et de Clytemnestre, meurtrier de sa mère, ami de Pylade ; ses aventures tragiques furent mises sur la scène par Eschyle, Sophocle, Euripide] : Cic. Læl. 23 ; Fin. 2, 79 ; Virg. En. 4, 471 || tragédie dʼEuripide : Cic. Tusc. 4, 63 || Orestis portus Plin. 3, 75, port dʼOreste, dans le Bruttium || -tēus, a, um, dʼOreste : Ov. M. 15, 489.

➳ voc. -tă Ov. Tr. 1, 6, 22 et -tĕ Ov. H. 8, 15 ; gén. -æ, is Ov.  ; i Gell. 7, 5, 5 ; dat. -æ, i Ov.  ; acc. -em, en Cic.  ; abl. -e Cic. Pis. 47.

orestes, is. m. (oros.)
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Orestes

(Ὀρέστης). (1) The son of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra. On the assassination of Agamemnon, Orestes, then quite young, was saved from his father's fate by his sister Electra, who had him removed to the court of their uncle Strophius, king of Phocis. There he formed an intimate friendship with Pylades, the son of Strophius, and with him concerted the means, which he successfully adopted, of avenging his father's death by slaying his mother and Aegisthus. (See Aegisthus; Clytaemnestra.) After the murder of Clytaemnestra, the Furies drove Orestes into insanity; and when the oracle at Delphi was consulted respecting the duration of his malady, an answer was given that Orestes would not be restored to a sane mind until he went to the Tauric Chersonesus, and brought away from that quarter the statue of Artemis to Argos. It was the custom in Taurica to sacrifice all strangers to this goddess, and Orestes and Pylades, having made the journey together, and having both been taken captive, were brought as victims to the altar of Artemis. Iphigenia, the sister of Orestes, who had been carried off by Artemis from Aulis when on the point of being immolated (see Aulis; Iphigenia), was the priestess of the goddess among the Tauri. Perceiving the strangers to be Greeks, she offered to spare the life of one of them, provided he would carry a letter from her to Greece. This occasioned a memorable contest of friendship between them, which should sacrifice himself for the other, and it ended in Pylades' yielding to Orestes and agreeing to be the bearer of the letter. The letter was for Orestes, and a discovery was the consequence. Iphigenia, thereupon, on learning the object of their visit, contrived to aid them in carrying off the statue of Artemis, and all three arrived safe in Greece with the statue. After his return to the Peloponnesus, Orestes took possession of his father's kingdom at Mycenae, which had been usurped by Aletes or Menelaüs. When Cylarabes of Argos died without leaving any heir, Orestes also became king of Argos. The Lacedaemonians likewise made him their king of their own accord, because they preferred him, the grandson of Tyndareus, to Nicostratus and Megapenthes, the sons of Menelaüs by a slave. The Arcadians and Phocians increased his power by allying themselves with him. He married Hermioné, the daughter of Menelaüs, and became by her the father of Tisamenus. The story of his marriage with Hermioné, who had previously been married to Neoptolemus, is related elsewhere. (See Hermione; Neoptolemus.) He died of the bite of a snake in Arcadia, and his body, in accordance with an oracle, was afterwards carried from Tega to Sparta, and there buried. His bones are said to have been found at a later time in a war between the Lacedaemonians and Tegaetans, and to have been conveyed to Sparta (Herod.i. 67). According to one story, Orestes spent the time of his madness in Arcadia, where, in his frenzy, he gnawed off one of his fingers (Pausan. viii. 34, 2). The story of Orestes is the subject of an existing trilogy by Aeschylus (the Agamemnon, Choephoroe, and Eumenides), and is treated by Sophocles in his Electra and by Euripides in the remaining plays Electra, Orestes, and Iphigenia in Tauris. See Becker, Die Orestessage der Griechen (Wittenberg, 1858). See Pyrrhus.

Such is the ordinary form of the legend of Orestes. The tragic writers, of course, introduced many variations. Thus it is said that when the Furies of his mother persecuted him, he fled to Delphi, whose god had urged him to commit the deed, and thence went to Athens, where he was acquitted by the court of Areopagus. Orestes had by Hermioné two sons, Tisamenus and Penthilus, who were driven from their country by the Heraclidae.

(2) A Pannonian who acted as regent of Italy during the short reign of his infant son Romulus Augustulus, in favour of whom he had deposed the emperor Iulius Nepos (A.D. 475). In the following year he was defeated and put to death by Odoacer, king of the Heruli. See Augustulus; Odoacer.

Orestes Orestes, Roman commissioner sent to arbitrate between Lacedaemonians and Achaeans

• Paus. 7.14.1-3, Paus. 7.16.1

Orestes(2), son of Achelous by Perimede

• Apollod. 1.7.3

Orestes(3), son of Agamemnon

• Paus. 2.18.5, Paus. 8.5.4
• saved by Electra and brought up by Strophius: Apollod. 2.7.7
• slays Aegisthus: Paus. 1.22.6
• murders his mother Clytaemnestra: Paus. 1.28.5, Paus. 1.33.8, Paus. 2.31.4, 8, Paus. 8.34.1, 4
• allowed by the god at Delphi to avenge his father's murder, kills Clytaemnestra and Aegisthus: Apollod. 2.7.7
• pursued by the Furies, he goes to Athens and is tried and acquitted in the Areopagus: Apollod. 2.7.7
• tried at Areopagus: Paus. 1.28.5, Paus. 8.34.4
• his madness: Apollod. E.6.13, Paus. 3.22.1, Paus. 8.34.1
• bites off a finger: Paus. 8.34.2
• healed of madness at Ace: Paus. 8.34.2
• sacrifices to Eumenides: Paus. 8.34.3
• cuts off his hair: Paus. 8.34.3
• healed of madness on unwrought stone at Gythium: Paus. 3.22.1
• with Iphigenia steals image of Artemis from Tauric land: Paus. 3.16.7
• goes to the land of the Taurians, finds his sister, and flees with her, carrying the wooden image of Tauropolus: Apollod. 2.7.7, Apollod. 2.7.8
• driven by a storm to Rhodes, dedicates the image (of Tauropolus): Apollod. 2.7.8
• comes to Mycenae: Apollod. 2.7.8
• purified at Troezen: Paus. 2.31.4, 8
• his booth at Troezen: Paus. 2.31.8
• takes possession of Argos: Paus. 2.18.5
• adds part of Arcadia to his domains: Paus. 2.18.5
• marries Hermione, daughter of Menelaus: Paus. 1.33.8, Paus. 3.1.5
• marries Hermione or Erigone: Apollod. 2.7.8
• robbed of his wife Hermione by Neoptolemus: Apollod. E.6.13
• slays Neoptolemus at Delphi: Apollod. E.6.13, Apollod. E.6.14
• father of Tisamenus: Apollod. 2.7.8, Apollod. 2.8.2, Apollod. 2.8.2, Apollod. 2.8.3
• father of Tisamenus and Penthilus: Paus. 2.18.6
• succeeds to crown of Sparta: Paus. 2.18.5ff., Paus. 3.1.5, Paus. 3.16.7
• king of Achaia: Paus. 8.5.1
• his reign: Paus. 1.41.2
• friend of Pylades: Paus. 2.29.9
• gives his sister Electra in marriage to Pylades: Paus. 2.16.7, Apollod. 2.7.8
• migrates to Arcadia: Paus. 8.5.4
• founds sanctuary of Eumenides at Cerynea: Paus. 7.25.7
• killed by a snake at Oresteum: Apollod. 2.7.8
• his tomb near Tegea: Paus. 8.54.4
• discovery of his tomb at Tegea: Hdt. 1.67
• his bones stolen by Lichas and brought to Sparta: Paus. 3.3.5ff., Paus. 3.11.10, Paus. 8.54.4
• his grave at Sparta: Paus. 3.11.10
• his statue at the Heraeum: Paus. 2.17.3