mater

māter, matris, f.: a mother, matron, 1.314; 2.489; parent stem, trunk, plant, or tree, 12.209; native, motherland, 10.172; Māter Īdaea, Māter (māgna), the Idaean Mother, the Great Mother of the gods, Cybele, 9.619. (μήτηρ)

māter, tris, f. [root ma-; Sanscr. and Zend, to make, measure, like Gr. μήτηρ, the maker, akin with Dor. μάτηρ; Germ. Mutter; Engl. mother; cf.: materies, manus], a mother (dat. sing. matre, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 177; dat. plur. matris, Inscr. Grut. 90: matrabus, Inscr. Orell. 2089).

• I Lit.: si quidem istius regis (sc. Anci Martii) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem, Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33: cur non sit heres matri suae? id. ib. 3, 10, 17: de pietate in matrem, id. Lael. 3, 11: Sassia mater hujus Aviti, id. Clu. 5, 12: Hecate, quae matre Asteria est, who has Asteria for her mother, id. N. D. 3, 18, 46: musa, matre nati, id. ib. 3, 18, 45: mater esse de aliquo, to be a mother, i. e. to be pregnant by any one, Ov. H. 9, 48: facere aliquam matrem, id. M. 9, 491: mater familias or familiae, the mistress of a house, matron (v. familia).—
• • B Transf., a nurse: mater sua ... quae mammam dabat, neque adeo mater ipsa, quae illos pepererat, Plaut. Men. prol. 19: puero opust cibo, opus est autem matri quae puerum lavit, id. Truc. 5, 10 (902): lambere matrem, Verg. A. 8, 632.—As a title of honor, mother, applied to priestesses: jubemus te salvere, mater. Sa. Salvete puellae, Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 5 (263): amice benigneque honorem, mater, nostrum habes, id. ib. 1, 5, 30 (288).—To goddesses: Vesta mater, Sen. Excerpt. Contr. 4, 2; Verg. G. 1, 498: mater Matuta, v. h. v.: Flora mater, Lucr. 5, 739; the same: florum, Ov. F. 5, 183: mater magna, or absol.: Mater, i. e. Cybele, the mother of all the gods: matris magnae sacerdos, Cic. Sest. 26; cf. absol.: matris quate cymbala circum, Verg. G. 4, 64; id. A. 9, 108: secreta palatia Matris, Juv. 9, 23: matres ... cives Romanae, ut jus liberorum consecutae videantur, Paul. Sent. 4, 9, 1: matris condicionem sequi, Gai. Inst. 1, 81; cf. §§ 67, 86.—Also, in gen., a woman, a lady; usu. in plur., women, ladies: pilentis matres in mollibus, Verg. A. 8, 666: matres atque viri, id. ib. 6, 306; cf. Ov. F. 1, 619.—Of the earth, as the mother of all: exercitum Dis Manibus matrique Terrae deberi, Liv. 8, 6; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56.—Of a country: haec terra, quam matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2: amorum, i. e. Venus, Ov. H. 16, 201: cupidinum, i. e. Venus, Hor. C. 1, 19, 1.—Of animals: porci cum matribus, Varr. R. R. 2, 4: excretos prohibent a matribus haedos, Verg. G. 3, 398: ova assunt ipsis cum matribus, i. e. cum gallinis, Juv. 11, 70: mater simia, id. 10, 195: pullus hirundinis ad quem volat mater, id. 10, 232.—Of the trunks of trees, etc.: plantas tenero abscindens de corpore matrum, Verg. G. 2, 23; Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23.—Of a fountain, as the source of waters: ex grandi palude oritur (fluvius), quam matrem ejus accolae appellant, Mel. 2, 1, 7.—Of a chief or capital city: mater Italiae Roma, Flor. 3, 18, 5: ut Graeci dicere solent, urbium mater, Cydona, id. 3, 7, 4: (Cilicia) matrem urbium habet Tarsum, Sol. 38; cf. Metropolis.—
• II Trop.
• • A The mother, i. e. maternal love: simul matrem labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: mater redit, Sen. ap. Med. 928.—
  • B Motherhood, maternity, Sen. Herc. Oet. 389.—
  • C A producing cause, origin, source, etc. (freq. and class.): apes mellis matres, Varr. R. R. 2, 5: mater omnium bonarum artium sapientia est, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: philosophia mater omnium bene factorum, id. Brut. 93, 322: avaritiae mater, luxuries, id. de Or. 2, 40, 171: voluptas, malorum mater omnium, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; 1, 22, 58; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64; id. Planc. 33, 80; Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34; Plin. 37, 6, 21, § 80; Quint. 9, 3, 89: juris et religionis, Cic. Rep. 5, 2, 3: justitiae imbecillitas mater est, id. ib. 3, 14, 23: intemperantia omnium perturbationum mater, id. Ac. 1, 10, 39: similitudo est satietatis mater, id. Inv. 1, 41, 76: utilitas justi prope mater et aequi, Hor. S. 1, 3, 98; Lact. 3, 8, 32; Aug. in Psa. 83, 1.—Comically: eam (sc. hirneam) ego vini ut matre fuerat natum, eduxi meri, i. e. as it came from the cask, without the addition of water, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 274 (426).—
  • D The protector, shelter, home: urbs Roma, virtutum omnium mater, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 3, 1: illa Jerusalem quae est mater nostra, Vulg. Gal. 4, 26.

māter, tris, f. (altind. mātár-, griech. μἡτηρ, dorisch μάτηρ), die Mutter, I) eig., v. jedem leb. Geschöpf, das Junge geboren hat u. säugt, 1) v. Menschen, a) übh., Cic. u.a.: frater matre eādem natus (Ggstz. utroque parente natus), Liv.: matrem agere, die Mutter (Säugemutter) abgeben (v. einer Wölfin), Flor.: matrem fieri de Iove, M. (= schwanger) werden usw., Ov.: matrem esse, M. (= schwanger) sein, Ov.: matrem facere, schwängern, Ov.: annon putas aliquid esse discriminis inter matrem et novercam? Sen. – mater familias od. familiae, s. familia. – b) insbes.: α) Gattin, Frau, Weib, Verg. u. Liv. – β) v. alten Frauen, Mutter, Mütterchen, iubemus te salvere, mater, Plaut.: bes. im Plur., matres Graiae, Verg.: Ithacae, Ov.: matres nurusque, ältere u. jüngere Frauen, Ov.: v. Ammen, Plaut. u. Verg. – γ) v. Göttinnen, als Beiname, Flora mater, Lucr.: mater Matuta, mater Terra, Liv.: Vesta mater, Verg. – od. als poet. Umschr. derselben, Mater magna, Cic., u. bl. Mater (sc. deorum), Cybele, Verg.: florum, Flora, Ov.: Amorum, Venus, Ov. – 2) v. Tieren, Mutter, Mutterkuh, Mutterschaf, Mutterziege u. dgl., Varro u. Verg.: cornigerae, Lucr.: columbi matre (Henne) subducti, Th. Prisc. 1, 10. – 3) übtr.: a) v. leb. Wesen = Erzeugerin, quî posset rebus mater consistere certa, Lucr.: apes mellis matres, Varro. – b) v. Baume od. Stamme, aus dem Zweige wachsen, der Mutterstamm, Verg. u. Colum. – c) v. Gewässern, Mutter, Quelle, Mela 2, 1, 7 (2. § 7). – d) v. Städten = μητρόπολις (poet auch μήτηρ), Mutterstadt, ab urbe filia mater eversa est, Augustin. de civ. dei 3, 14, 3: Brixia Veronae mater, Catull. 67, 34: Populonia mater, Verg. Aen. 10, 172. – u. übh. (wie μητρὁπολις) Hauptstadt, mater Italiae Roma, Flor.: matrem urbium habet Tarsum, v. Cilicien, Solin.: Nicaea, quae in Bithynia mater est urbium, Amm. – e) v. Ländern usw., Mutter, haec terra, quam matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2. Vgl. Mela 2, 1, 7 (2. § 7) u. dazu Tzschucke (vol. 3. part. 2, p. 37). – II) meton.: 1) mütterliche Liebe, simul matrem labare sensit, Ov.: mater redit, Sen. poët. – 2) der Mutterstand, Sen. Herc. Oet. 389. – III) bilbl., die Mutter = die Ursache, der Ursprung, die Quelle, Wurzel, der Grund einer Sache, mater, ut ita dicam, rerum omnium, Cic.: omnium malorum stultitia est mater, Cornif. rhet.: mater bonarum artium est sapientia, Cic.: mater eius (avaritiae) est tollenda, luxuries, Cic.: crudelitatis mater est avaritia, Quint.: prima scelerum mater, avaritia, Claud. – ➳ Archaist. Dat. Sing. matrei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 203, matre, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 177.

1 mater v. martyr

2 mater [CL] 1 mother; b (regina ~er) queen mother; c (fig.). si cum ~re quis fornicaverit, xv annos peniteat Theod. Pen. I 2. 16; si moritur infans trium annorum sine baptismo, iij annos peniteat, pater et ~er Ib. I 14. 29; natus ‥ ex patre Franco et ~re Anglica Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 66; nunc ‥ compellitur, ‥, abjurare ~ris officium P. Blois Ep. 54. 162A; sic ~er filium, matrona domum, et industriosa conjux regit familiam viri sui Fortescue NLN II 23.  b 1279 ad instanciam regine ~ris RParl Ined. 7; rex et regina ~er Hist. Roff. p. 368.  c p675 pacem namque catholicorum ~rem et filiorum Dei genetricem esse evangelica promulgant oracula Aldh. Ep. 5 p. 482; artium natura ~er est J. Sal. Met. 839B. 2 (w ref. to Eve); b (w. ref. to the Virgin Mary). prima ~re nostra Andr. S. Vict. Sal. 105; nequius ‥ quo corrumperetur ~er nostra; malitiosius quo violaretur genetrix nostra J. Ford Serm. 101. 5.  b ab alio amatore praeventa sum ‥ cujus ~er virgo est Aldh. VirgP 45; imaginis auriferis / Christi matris capitibus (æthelwald) Carm. Aldh. 2. 176; Remigius in honore domine ~ris fundatam ecclesiam canonicis multis implevit W. Malm. GP IV 177 p. 312; c1128 nosque piissima ~er misericordie ‥ ad gaudia felicitatis ‥ perducere dignetur Osb. Clar. Ep. 7 p. 67; cum ~re Domini, ~re utique et sponsa Unigeniti J. Ford Serm. 26. 5; 1368 ~ris misericordie miserrimus servus Reg. Exon. 1557. 3 (w ref. to the Church as mother): a (unspec. v. et. ecclesia 2b); b (Roman); c (cathedral); d (baptismal, usu. dist. from chapel; v. et. ecclesia 4d). a ut eos ‥ venerabilis ~er ecclesia in suo sinu recumbentes non videat Gildas EB 26; in gremio sancte ~ris ecclesie nutritus W. Malm. GP V 189 p. 334; Pull. Sent. 899B (v. abalienare 2); secundum quod antecessores plenius in libris sancte ~ris ecclesie continentur Mens. & Disc. (Anon. IV) 23.  b 1102 quanquam prave contra nos, immo contra ~rem tuam sanctam Romanam ecclesiam te non ignoremus egisse (Lit. Papae) W. Malm. GP III 117; 1317 Romana ~er ecclesia (v. gratanter 2b).  c Menevensis ecclesie et ‥ ecclesiarum totius Wallie ~er et metropolis est ecclesia Cantuariensis (Lit. Archiep. Cant.) Gir. Invect. I 1; c1192 quoniam autem ~er multarum gentium [sc. Glasguensis ecclesia] exilis antehac et angusta ad honorem Dei ampliari desiderat Regesta Scot. 316; 1287 ecclesia Exoniensis ~er est omnium ecclesiarum nostre diocesis (Stat. Exon.) Conc. Syn. 1056.  d juxta cimiterium ~ris ecclesiae (Suff) DB II 281b. 4 (w ref. to the heavenly Jerusalem; cf.Gal. iv 26). ad ingressum supernae Hierusalem, quae est ~er omnium nostrum Bede Hab. 1251; numquid non et vos filie estis Jerusalem et ipsa ~er vestra ‥ numquid non ipsa principium letitie vestre? J. Ford Serm. 8. 1; ad celestem illam Jerusalem ‥ que est ‥ ~er ipsius ‥ et ~er est omnium nostrum Ib. 55. 13. 5 (~er terra, ~er omnium, or sim; w. ref. to the earth as the mother or procreatress of all). dic mihi quis homo qui non natus est, et mortuus est, atque in utero ~ris suae post mortem baptizatus. Adam Ps.-Bede Collect. 123; potest enim figulus ollam quantumlibet bene formatam conplodere de suo jure et aliam formare vel etiam lutum ~ri sue terre reddere R. Niger Mil. IV 46; a die exitus de ventre matris eorum usque in diem sepulture in ~rem omnium (Serm.) M. Rievaulx 55; gaudet mater humus, gaudet et incola / concepta sibi vermula Garl. Poems 1. 3; corpus ~ri omnium commendans, spiritum alta petentem Creatori ‥ remisit Plusc. VI 44. 6 (mon; ~er monasterii, ~er familias, or sim.) abbess. 690 concedo ‥ almae æ bbae abbatissae atque carnali propinquitate proximae in Deoque ~ri monasteriali Ch. Minster-in-Thanet 42; Eddi 24 (v. materfamilias 3); Deo devotarum ~er ac nutrix ‥ feminarum Bede HE IV 6 p. 219; sollicita ~er congregationis ‥ in conventu sororum perquirere coepit Ib. IV 7 p. 219; a praesentiali ~re monasterii destinata Gosc. Edith 283; tam ipsi matri quae pie nunc praesidet ecclesiae Ib. 293. 7 (~er spiritualis) godmother. c1170 ~er ejus spiritualis que eam de sacro fonte levaverat Chr. Rams. 60. 8 (acad.; alma ~er or ~er universitas; w. ref. to the university as mother to the alumni). c1300 hujusmodi ‥ gravaminibus volens ~er universitas consultius occurrere MunAcOx 77; 1411, 1440 (v. almus 1b). 9 ewe. 1233 de cvij pellibus de ~ribus ante tonsionem venditis (Ac.) Crawley 207; de ‥ agnis proventis de ~ribus ‥ quia xvij ~res fuerunt mortue ante partum Ib. 212. 10 (anat): a (dura ~er) dura mater, outer cerebral membrane; b (pia ~er) pia mater, inner cerebral membrane. a Ric. Med. Anat. 213, etc. (v. durus 1c).  b quorum unus ‥ partem cerebri cum lesione pie ~ris excussit W. Cant. Mir. Thom. IV 26; cerebrum involvitur duplici pelle quarum una vocatur pia ~er que est immediate continens cerebrum Bacon Maj. II 4; item dicuntur due pellicule que obvolvunt cerebrum frenes, sc. pia ~er et dura mater Alph. 65; exteriori cerebri tunicae, duram matrem eam vulgo vocant ‥. subter quam et tenuis mollisque membrana, pia ~er ei nomen est, cerebrum involvit et nutrit D. Edw. Anat. C 1. 11 (in names of plants): a (~er herbarum) mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris); b (~er silvarum or sim.) honeyslauckle, woodbine (Lonicera periclymenum). a c1300 item ‥ ~er herbarum, i mogwort ana unciam i. et semis Pop. Med. 239; archemesia, matricaria vel matricalis, ~er herbarum idem Alph. 13; ~er herbarum, arthemesia idem, G. la miere de herbes vel armoys A. muguued Ib. 106.  b caprifolium ‥ ~er silvana ‥ idem Alph. 29; ~ris silva ‥ A. honysocle vel wodebynde Ib. 110; ~er silvarum, i. caprifolium SB 29; volubilis, caprifolium, ~er silvarum ‥ idem sunt Ib. 43; ~er silva i. chevefoil i. wudebide[l. wudebinde] WW. 12 (of wine) lees, dregs. 1233 de melioribus vinis ‥ arestari faciant ad opus regis l dolia vini super ~rem Cl 201; 1241 vj dolia vini ‥ de quibus iij sint recata et iij supra ~rem Liberate 15 m. 7. 13 (~er de unionibus) mother of pearl. 1588 pro imposicione ‥ jocal de ~re de unionibus Ac. LChamb. 79 f. 10v (cf. Misc. LChamb. 36 p. 66: to set ‥ jewells in of mother of pearle). 14 (as part of astrolabe) mater. paxillus ‥ ad constringendum laminam cum ~re Wallingf. Alb. 338. 15 (alch, ~er metallorum) quicksilver. ~er metallorum, est argentum vivum LC 250. 16 source, origin, fount; b (of stream or sim.); c (of abstr.). philosophus vocat materiam primam ~rem T. Sutton Gen. & Corrupt. 117.  b ? 11‥ ad filum ~ris aque Cart. Fount. 460; a1236 ab †orres [l. orreo] in transverso usque in ~rem sikam et ita sequendo sikam usque in pratum Cart. Cockersand 127; c1247 usque ad ~rem marisci de Hobirstath Couch. Furness II 225.  c gratia discretionis, quae virtutum ~er est, ‥ inbutus Bede HE III 5 p. 137; 800 ubique discretio optime valet, quae inter monachos ~er virtutum esse dicitur Alcuin Ep. 209 p. 349; humilitas, quae ~er esse dicitur omnium virtutum Anselm Misc. 308; gloriatio, et vanitates, et insanie false, que non prodeunt a ~re veritate R. Niger Mil. IV 18; alea ‥ mendacii ‥ furti, sacrilegii ~er est P. Blois Ep. 74. 228C; hec lex ‥ ~er est omnium legum humanarum, a qua si ipse degenerent indigne vocantur leges Fortescue NLN I 10.

mātĕr, (6) tris, f. (μήτηρ), ¶ 1 mère : pietas in matrem Cic. Læl. 11, affection pieuse pour sa mère ; quæ matre Asteria est Cic. Nat. 3, 46, qui a pour mère Astéria ; matrem esse de aliquo Ov. H. 9, 48, être rendue mère par qqn || [famil^t ] bonne mère : Pl. Rud. 262 || [épith. des déesses] : Vesta mater Virg. G. 1, 498, auguste Vesta ; [en part.] Mater Magna Cic. Sest. 56, ou Mater Virg. G. 4, 64, la grande déesse, Cybèle ¶ 2 mère [des animaux] : Varro R. 2, 4 ; Virg. G. 3, 398 || [souches des arbres] : Virg. G. 2, 23 ; Plin. 12, 23 || cité mère, patrie : Virg. En. 10, 172 || métropole : Flor. 3, 18, 5 ¶ 3 la mère = lʼaffection maternelle : Ov. M. 7, 629 ; Sen. Med. 928 || la maternité : Sen. Herc. Œt. 389 ¶ 4 mère, cause, origine, source : mater omnium bonarum artium sapientia est Cic. Leg. 1, 58, la sagesse est la mère de tout ce qui est bon ; voluptas, malorum mater omnium Cic. Leg. 1, 47, la volupté, mère de tous les maux ; similitudo est satietatis mater Cic. Inv. 1, 76, la monotonie engendre la satiété.

➳ matre dat. CIL 1, 379.

mater , tris. f.
母親。老母。妳母。樹榦。根原。— vini 菊萄樹。— mellis 蜜蜂。— magna 女神名。— Matuta 淸早。

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māter (1) tris, f

• 2 MA-, a mother: pietas in matrem: quae matre Asteriā est, daughter of Asteria: lambere matrem, foster-mother, V.: Pilentis matres in mollibus, matrons, V.: Matres atque viri, ladies, V.: mater familias or familiae, lady of the house; see familia.—A nurse, mother(as a title of honor): Vesta, V.: deūm, Cybele, O.: Matris Magnae sacerdos, i. e. mother of the gods, Cybele: terra, quam matrem appellamus, mother country, L.: Populonia, mother city, V.: petere antiquam matrem, O.: cupidinum, i. e. Venus, H.—Of animals, a mother, dam, parent: prohibent a matribus haedos, V.: ova adsunt ipsis cum matribus (i. e. gallinis), Iu.: simia, Iu.—Of plants, a parent, stock: plantas abscindens de corpore matrum, V.—Fig., a mother, parent, producer, nurse, cause, origin, source: philosophia mater omnium bene factorum: avaritiae mater, luxuries.

māter familiās (2) see familia.