aureus

aurea aetas
the golden age

aureus , a, um: adj. (aurum), of gold, golden, armed with gold, 11.490; gilded, 6.13; (fig.), beautiful, fair, 10.16; perfectly pure and happy, golden, 6.792.

aurĕus, a, um, adj. [aurum].

• Lit.
• • A Of gold, golden (syn.: aureolus, auratus, aurifer): patera, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 104 (256) and 263: vasa, Vulg. Exod. 12, 35; ib. 2 Tim. 2, 20: torulus, Plaut. Am. prol. 144: imber, Ter. Eun. 585: funis, Lucr. 2, 1154: torques. Vulg. Gen. 41, 42: simulacra, Lucr. 2, 24: mala Hesperidum, id. 5, 33: aurea mala, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6: pelles, id. ib.: corona (a gift for distinction in war), Liv. 7, 37, 1; Inscr. Orell. 363; 3453; 3475: corona, Vulg. Exod. 25, 11: candelabra, ib. Apoc. 1, 12: nummus, and absol.: aurĕus, i, m., the standard gold coin of Rome, a gold piece (first struck in the second Punic war), of the value of 25 denarii or 100 sestertii (weighing about 120 grains, and being about equal to £1, 1s. 1d. or $5.10), Cic. Phil. 12, 8: si (tibi) contigit aureus unus. Juv. 7, 122; fully, aureus nummus, Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 47; Suet. Calig. 42; id. Claud. 21; id. Vit. 16; id. Oth. 4; id. Dom. 7 al.—Of the Hebrew shekels (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. 4 Reg. 5, 5; ib. 2 Par. 9, 15; 9, 16.—Poet.: vis aurea tinxit Flumen, i. e. the power of changing every thing to gold, Ov. M. 11, 142.—
  • B Furnished with gold, wrought, interwoven, or ornamented with gold, gilded: victimam auream polcram immolabat, i. e. with gilded horns, Naev. 1, 12 (cf. Hom. Od. 3, 426): sella, Cic. Phil. 2, 34, and Prop. 5, 10, 28: cingula, Verg. A. 1, 492: Capitolia, id. ib. 8, 347. templa, Prop. 5, 1, 5: cuspis, Ov. M. 7, 673: Pactolus, whose waters flowed with gold, id. ib. 11, 87; cf: Lucr. 5, 911 sq.—
  • C Of the color of gold, glittering like gold, golden: liquidi color aureus ignis, Lucr. 6, 205: Barba erat incipiens, barbae color aureus, Ov. M. 12, 395; Plin. 37, 5, 20, § 76; Gell. 2, 26, 5; Pall. Mart. 13, 4: lumina solis, Lucr. 5, 461; so, aurea Phoebe, Verg. G. 1, 431; Ov. M. 2, 723: luna, id. ib. 10, 448; Hor. Epod. 17, 41: aureus sol, Verg. G. 1, 232; 4, 51; so Ov. M. 7, 663: sidera, Verg. A. 2, 488; Verg.11, 832: caesaries, golden locks, id. ib. 8, 659: coma, Cat. 61, 95, and Ov. M. 12, 395: aurea mala, Verg. E. 3, 71, and 8, 52: Aurea pavonum ridenti imbuta lepore Saecla, the golden species of peacock, full of laughing beauty, Lucr. 2, 502.—
• II Trop., of physical and mental excellences or attractions, golden, beautiful, splendid: aurea Venus, Verg. A. 10, 16; Ov. M. 10, 277; Ov.15, 761: Amor, id. Am. 2, 18, 36: Copia, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 28: Aurea Phoebi porticus, Prop. 3, 29, 1: litus, Mart. 11, 80: aether, Ov. M. 13, 587: medicamentum, Col. 6, 14, 5 al.: dicta, vita, Lucr. 3, 12 and 13: mores, Hor. C. 4, 2, 23: Qui nunc te fruitur credulus aureā, id. ib. 1, 5, 9: tua mater Me movet atque iras aurea vincit anus, Tib. 1, 6, 58: mediocritas, the golden mean, Hor. C. 2, 10, 5: aetas, the golden age, Ov. M. 1, 89: tempus, Hor. Epod. 16, 64.—Hence, Virgo = Astraea, Albin. 2, 23.

aureus, a, um (aurum), golden, I) nach seinem Gehalte, 1) = aus Gold, a) eig.: patera, Plaut.: anulus, Cic.: anulus totus aureus (Ggstz. an. subauratus), Petr.: imber, Ter.: poculum, Cic. (vgl. pocula et aliae res aureae, Sall. fr.): scyphus, Tac.: vasa, Liv.: fibula, Verg.: corona, als Belohnung für tapfere Krieger, Liv.: armilla, Liv.: pecunia, Augustin.: nummus aureus, ein Goldstück, Golddenar (= rund 20 M, Ggstz. argenteus, ein Silberdenar = rund 80 Pf.), Plin. 33, 47 u. (Plur.) Plaut. trin. 1139 (mille nummûm aureûm). Cic. Phil. 12, 20. Liv. 21, 48, 9: u. dafür denarius aureus, Petr. 33, 3: nummi Philippei aurei, Plaut. asin. 153. Liv. 34, 52, 7; 39, 7, 1: oft subst. bl. aurei, Liv. 38, 11, 8; 44, 26, 4. Curt. 9, 1, 6. Suet. Cal. 42 u. ö. Schol. Iuven. 7, 243: mille aureûm (= aureorum), Apul. met. 7, 4: aurei Philippei, Vopisc. Bonos. 15, 8: Antoniani, Vopisc. Aurel. 9, 7: Valeriani, Treb. Poll. Claud. 17, 7. – Poet., vis aurea, die Kraft, alles in Gold zu verwandeln, Ov. met. 11, 142. – b) übtr., golden = überaus schön, reizend, allerliebst, vortrefflich, schätzbar, Venus, Verg.: copia, Hor.: saeculum, s. d. (vgl. gens, Verg.): mediocritas, Hor.: mores, Hor.: puella, Hor. – 2) mit Gold versehen, -gearbeitet, -durchwirkt, -beschlagen, -geschmückt, vergoldet, Pactolus, Goldsand führend, Ov.: palla, Varr. fr.: amiculum, Cic. u.a.: paludamentum, Plin.: vestis, cingula, Verg.: sella, Cic.: currus (v. Triumphwagen), Cic. – II) nach Ansehen u. Farbe, golden = goldfarbig, goldschimmernd, color, Lucr., Ov., Plin. u.a.: sidus, Verg.: caesaries, Verg.: uvae, Sen.: mala, Quitten, Varr. u. Verg.: flos, Plin.

aureus [CL] 1 golden, of gold. b resembling gold. c (fig.). d woven w. gold. e or (her.). f (w. pillula) sort of pill (cf. 4b infra). g (w. numerus) ‘golden number’ (w. ref. to lunar cycle). h (w. malum) quince. aurea sternuntur fundo simulacra Minervae Aldh. VirgV 1331; vasa pretiosa ‥ in quibus et crucem magnam ~eam et calicem ~eum Bede HE II 20; 735 ut hic opera tua ‥ ~eis litteris fulgeant Bonif. Ep. 35; s1219 in ‥ filis ~eis ‥ et pannis pretiosis Wend. II 250; 1360 in folio ~eo et argenteo Ac. Durh. 384; 1397 diversa ~ea affixa feretro Ib. 445.  b aurea devexi dum format sidera mundi Aldh. VirgV 743; cum sol ~eum caelo demoverat ortum Felix Guthl. 41; 10‥ ~eus, giolu WW; aurea cesaries Gir. Symb. II 11.  c aurea tum propere penetrarat regna polorum / spiritus Aldh. VirgV 2160; 1012 (12c) ~ea quondam secula ‥ nullis territoriis usa noscuntur CD 1307; ~ea tempora presagientes Gir. TH II 10; scribitur hic titulo tua laus, rex auree, tota / aurea, cum titulo conveniente nota Itin. Ric. VI 37 postscr. p. 450n (cf. EHR V 321); aureus aurea dat et letus secula leta / Jupiter Neckam DS I 537; ad omnium generum causarum prosequendarum ‥ disciplinam hanc presentem summam ~eam compono. ‥ preoptati igitur operis cupidos ‥ rudes et subtiles ‥ ad mensam meam ~eam invito W. Drogheda SA prol. (cf. EHR XII 646).  d 1402 (v. auripictus); 1425 unum pannum ~eum rubei coloris cum foliis ~eis (Pat) Foed. X 346.  e portat sex annulos ~eos in campo rubeo; et G. sic: il port de goules sex annulets dore Bad. Aur. 132.  f pill[ul]e ~ee purgant caput Gad. 111. 2.  g majus inconveniens accidit ex primatione designata per ~eum numerum in kalendario Bacon Tert. 281; istud kalendarium ‥ habet ‥ duas tabulas ostendentes ~eum numerum et litteram dominicalem pro omni tempore (Elveden Cal.) SB 5.  h mala ~ea, cochinum idem Alph. 108. 2 gold (of coin). b (sb. m.) gold coin, bezant. c (as unit of weight) one sixth of an uncia. modium plenum solidorum ~eorum Eddi 27; ~eum nomisma Bede HE III 8; H. Cantor 20v (v. byzantus); c1220 lx solidi et obolus ~eus (Frodsham) BBC 156; 1275 emit unum denarium ~eum de Caterina ‥, quem denarium illa C. invenit Hund. I 280b; 1401 j nobile ~eum cum j obulo ~eo ‥; item j quadrans ~eus ex dono domini H. de Percy Ac. Durh. 452.  b mille tibi ~eos offerebat dum illud efficeres J. Sal. Pol. 455B; c1162 annuam duorum ~eorum pensionem Danelaw 254; ~eum [incidas] unum non prorsus ut argenteum set ducto directe incidentis cultello per medium talee non obliquando sicut fit in argenteo Dial. Scac. I 5K; s1191 jussit ‥ denunciari ut milites singuli ‥ ab ipso reciperent singulis mensibus quatuor ~eos Itin. Ric. III 4; c1220 solvent ‥ j ~eum vel ij solidos annuatim Reg. Ant. Linc. III no. 645; 1230 thesaurarius recepit ‥ iiij ~eos veteres ‥ et iiij novos, quos liberavit ‥ custodi cuneorum LTR Mem 11 r. 5; Bracton 35 (v. argenteus 2b); s1257 creavit rex monetam ~eam denariorum ponderis ij sterlingorum de auro purissimo et voluit ut ille ~eus curreret in pretio xx sterlingorum Leg. Ant. Lond. 29.  c recipe ‥ zirungen ana ~eos ij Gilb. VII 321. 1. 3 (sb. f.) crown of glory. ~ea est merces incorruptionis in eterna veritate et bonitate Hales Qu. 1131; AncrR 52 (v. aureolus 2b). 4 (sb. f.). a name of comet. b sort of medicament (cf. 1f supra). a [cometa] septima Maculia vel ~ea Gros. 37n.  b post stupham detur ~ea †Elexendrina Gilb. III 151 v. 2 (cf. ib. 152. 1: ~ea Alexandrina vel Tyria); accipiatur mucillago fenugreci [etc.] ‥; et est optima medicina in omni dolore; et est de secretis meis; et voco eam ~eam Johannis Gad. 40. 1.

aurĕus, (8) a, um (aurum), ¶ 1 dʼor : simulacra aurea Lucr. 2, 24, statues dʼor, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 124 ; de Or. 3, 129, etc.; imber aureus Ter. Eun. 585, pluie dʼor ¶ 2 doré, orné dʼor, garni dʼor : cingula aurea Virg. En. 1, 492, ceinture dorée, cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 85, etc.; aurea unda Varro Men. 234, flots qui roulent de lʼor ¶ 3 de couleur dʼor ; color aureus Lucr. 6, 205, de couleur dʼor ; aurea sidera Virg. En. 2, 488, astres aux rayons dʼor ¶ 4 [fig.] dʼor, beau, splendide : aurea Venus Virg. En. 10, 16, la rayonnante Vénus ; aurea ætas Ov. M. 1, 89, lʼâge dʼor ; aurea mediocritas Hor. O. 2, 10, 5, la médiocrité bienheureuse ; aurea dicta Lucr. 3, 12, paroles dʼor, cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 119 ; Off. 3, 70 ; aurei mores Hor. O. 4, 2, 23, mœurs pures || subst. m. , aurĕus, pièce dʼor = nummus aureus  : Liv. 38, 11, 8 ; 44, 26, 4 ; Curt. 9, 1, 6 ; Suet. Cal. 42.

aureus , a, um. adj.
以金造者。鍍金。貴。美者。Aetas aurea 光天化日。 Aurei mores 好風俗之世。Malum aureum. v. aurantium.

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aureus , i. m.
金錢。一个銀錢。

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aureus (poet. aureā, aureō, aureīs, disyl.), adj.

• aurum, of gold, golden: imber, T.: corona (a military distinction), L.: vis, of turning into gold, O.: nummus, a gold coin, piece(worth $5.10 or £1 1s.). — As substm. (sc. nummus), L., Cu.— Golden, ornamented with gold, gilded: sella: cingula, V.: cuspis, O.: Pactolus, with golden sand, V.— Fig., glittering like gold, golden: color, O.: Venus, with golden hair, V.: luna, O.: caesaries, V.—Beautiful, golden, magnificent, excellent: aether, O.: mores, H.: mediocritas, the golden mean, H.: genus: aetas, the golden age, O.: tempus, H.: saecula, V.

AUREUS

AU´REUSOf the use of gold for coins among the Greeks, an account is given under PONDERAand AURUMinfra. But the term aureus was applied particularly to the Roman gold coins. Concerning the issue of these pieces at various periods of Roman history, sufficient details are given under As, pp. 207, 208.

[P.G]

Aureus

(1) The generic name for a Roman gold coin (aureus nummus).

(2) A gold coin which under the emperors was equal to about $5.10. It was first struck in the Second Punic War. See Numismatics (Roman); Nummus; Solidus.