fulminare

fulminare [CL] 1 (trans.) to strike w. thunderbolt or lightning. b (intr.) to flash w. lightning. c (fig.) to flash or shine brightly. peregrinum celum, quia inimicos ejus non ~avit Ailr. Serm. 282A; de juvene ~ato. ‥ alter eorum fulmine percussus et combustus est W. Cant. Mir. Thom. V 38; alii tyranni Jovem ipsum paterna hereditate privare aggressi sunt, quos ‥ gigantes fingitur ~asse Alb. Lond. DG 1. 9; Juppiter eum ~avit Natura Deorum 111; [Phaëton] a Jove ~atus interiit Holcot Wisd. 33.  b Walt. Wimb. Virgo 119 (v. floccare 1); cum dominis ~are in nubibusque tonare Dictamen 371.  c [Scolastica] in tam praecelso puritatis fastigio ~avit Aldh. VirgP 47; ~avit, claruit GlH F 962; in calibe horror inest, in casside fulminat aurum, / in capulo crudescit ebur J. Exon. BT II 263. 2 (transf.): a (intr.) to strike like a thunderbolt. b (trans.) to hurl like a thunderbolt. a qui prius leonina feritate ~ans ipsis omnia abstulerat, nunc mitis agnus humili voce balans omnia posse reddere letatur G. Mon. IV 5; Jove preter solitum in Hibernia tonante et rege Henrico ibidem ~ante Gir. TH II 54; ense terribiliter ~ante V. II Off. 3; de crudeli guerra ~ata in castellum multis modis Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 54 tit..  b saxivoma ~ant Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 62 (v. grandinare d); ubi ‥ hostium numerosus exercitus libere possent in obsidentes irruere et in ipsos intenti furoris seviciam ~are Ib. 67 p. 193; 1618 (v. exonerare 1b). 3 (fig.): a (intr.) to fulminate, rail thunderously. b (trans.) to thunder (threats or sim.); c (eccl., w. ref. to sentence of excommunication). a quando judex stomacatur, / ‥ / stridet, tonat, fulminat Walt. Wimb. Van. 87; Fortuna spurios repente culminat, / post hore morulam ferit et fulminat Id. Carm. 352; errat prelatus, male qui sententiat et qui / fulminat in reges Garl. Hon. Vit. 207.  b tantas ~abant minas W. Malm. Wulfst. II 15; hereticum ‥ flagitiosa documenta contra fidem et bonos mores impudenter ~antem Ockham Err. Papae 970; rex omnis malicie plenus, quasi per infinitas doli circumvenciones tam in ipsius absentis personam quam in ejus hereditatem occasiones maliciose ~ari decrevit Gower CT III prol.; s1397 domini spirituales et temporales, precepto regis, ‥ venerunt omnes ‥ coram magno altari, et ibidem prelati censuras ~averunt modo quo sequitur V. Ric. II 141–2; s1397 nos plebeii vestri petimus judicium ‥ in ipsum per vos ~ari (Lit. ad regem) Ad. Usk f. 158; in abbatem Croylandie multiplices ~antur mine et ‥ plura gravamina ingeruntur Croyl. Cont. B 485.  c lectis de sententia ~ante domini pape litteris W. Fitzst. Thom. 114; s1228 dominus papa in dominum imperatorem sententiam excommunicationis ~avit Flor. Hist. II 192; papa: non in nostra curia talis mos habetur, / quod ulla sentencia statim fulminetur Peckham Def. Mend. 418; 1294 sentenciam ‥ episcopus ~avit ad latam publicavit SelCCant 591; s1328 ~abat eciam archiepiscopus sentenciam excommunicacionis et suspensionis in episcopum Graystanes 42; s1358 dominus papa omnes adversarios excommunicari fecit, mandans litteris suis ‥ Linc’ episcopo ‥ eandem in predictos ~are sentenciam J. Reading 169b; verum est quod est malediccio legis sed in quem ~ata? R. Maidstone PP 171v; s1281 archiepiscopus ‥ excommunicacionis in ipsos sentenciam ~avit Wals. HA I 21. 4 (mistranslation of ME striken) to strike (bullion into coin). s1193 omnes calices et omnia vasa argentea ~ata fuerunt in monetam, ut regem suum liberarent Eul. Hist. III 83.