universus

crudelitate unius oppressi erant universi
all were oppressed by the cruelty of one

ūnĭversus, a, um (poet. contr., unvorsum, Lucr. 4, 262; plur. OINVORSEI, S. C. Bacch.), adj. [unus-verto, turned into one, combined into one whole],

• all together, all taken collectively, whole, entire, collective, general, universal (opp. singuli).
• • • • • α Sing.: universa provincia, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 168: terra, id. Rep. 1, 17, 26: familia, id. Caecin. 20, 58: mare, id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; 4, 2, 3: universum mundum complecti, id. N. D. 1, 43, 120: Gallia, Hirt. B. G. 8, 39, 2: triduum, three days together, Ter. Eun. 224: vita, Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 44: odium tantum ac tam universum, id. Pis. 27, 65: confusa atque universa defensio, id. Sest. 2, 5: universa et propria oratoris vis, id. de Or. 1, 15, 64: de universā philosophiā, id. Tusc. 3, 3, 6: bellum, Liv. 7, 11, 1: dimicatio, a general engagement, id. 22, 32, 2; so, pugna, id. 27, 12, 9.—Strengthened by totus: lupus Gregem universum voluit totum avortere, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 134 (172).—
        • β Plur.: de universis generibus rerum dicere, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 71: ex iis rebus universis eloquentia constat, quibus in singulis elaborare permagnum est, id. ib. 1, 5, 19: ut eadem sit utilitas uniuscujusque et universorum, id. Off. 3, 6, 26: quae (virtus) etiam populos universos tueri soleat, id. Lael. 14, 50: in illum universi tela coniciunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 44; 4, 26; 7, 17: qui (Democritus) ita sit ausus ordiri: haec loquor de universis. Nihil excipit, de quo non profiteatur: quid enim esse potest extra universa? Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 23, 73.—Strengthened by omnes: id genus hominum omnibus Universis est adversum, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 40 (1047): talibus dictis universi omnes assensere, Ap. Met. 7, 5, 1. —
• II Substt.
• • A ūnĭversi, ōrum, m., the whole body of citizens, all men together: cum crudelitate unius oppressi essent universi, Cic. Rep. 3, 31, 43: et earum urbium separatim ab universis singulos diligunt (di), id. N. D. 2, 66, 165: si universi videre optimum et in eo consentire possent, nihil opus esset pluribus, id. Rep. 1, 34, 52; Suet. Galb. 10.—
  • B ūnĭversum, i, n., the whole world, the universe: tum censet imagines divinitate praeditas inesse in universitate rerum: tum principia mentis, quae sunt in eodem universo, deos esse dicit, Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120: genitor universi, Col. 3, 10, 10.—
  • • 2 Adverb.: in universum, as a whole, in general, generally (not in Cic. or Caes.): non nominatim, sed in universum, Liv. 9, 26, 8: terra etsi aliquando specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5; so id. ib. 6; Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 50.—Hence, adv.: ūnĭversē, in general, generally (cf.: omnmo, generatim, communiter): singillatim potius quam generatim atque universe loqui, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143: cetera universe mandavi: illud proprie, ne pateretur prorogari nobis provincias, id. Att. 5, 2, 1; Ap. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 268.

ūniversus (archaist. ūnivorsus), a, um (v. unus u. versus), eig. in eins gekehrt, in eine Einheit zusammengefaßt; dah. I) ganz, sämtlich, A) adi.: mundus, die ganze Welt, als ein einzelnes Ganzes gedacht, Cic.: familia, Cic.: vita, Cic.: triduum, ganze drei Tage, Ter.: ad universae rei dimicationem venire, ein Haupttreffen liefern, Liv.: de re universa tractare, über die Sache überhaupt, Cic.: pro uno cive omnes privato consilio et universum senatum publico consilio mutasse vestem, Cic.: mit totus verb., g egem univorsum voluit totum avortere, die gesamte Herde im ganzen (auf einmal) wegtreiben, Plaut. trin. 171. – So auch Plur. ūniversī, ae, a, sämtlich, zusammen, insgesamt (Ggstz. dispersi, singuli), universos esse pares, dispersos perituros, Nep.: universi (homines), Cic.: universi populi, Liv.: non unus aut alter miles sed universi milites, Liv.: öfter m. omnis verb., omnes universi u. universi omnes, alle zusammen, alle insgesamt, Plaut., Gell. u.a. (s. Hildebr. Apul. met. 7, 5 in.): natura universa atque omnia continens, alles im ganzen und im einzelnen, Cic. de nat. deor. 1, 39. – B) subst., ūniversum, ī, n., das Ganze, der Inbegriff aller Teile; dah. die ganze Welt, das Weltall, Cic.: pars universi, Cic.: ebenso universis praeesse, dem Weltall, Sen. de provid. 1, 1. – II) übtr., alle od. das Ganze betreffend, dahin gehörig,allgemein (Ggstz. proprius, einzeln u. dgl.), natura, Cic.: pugna, ein allgemeines Treffen, an dem alle teilnehmen, Liv.: victoria, Liv.: odium, Cic.: universissimus dominus, Augustin.: dah. in universum, im ganzen genommen, überhaupt, Liv. – ➳ universum dreisilbig, Lucr. 4, 260 u. 262 (wo Lachm. u. Bern. unorsum schreiben, s. Lachm. S. 230). – Archaist. oinvorsei = universi, SC. de Bacch. im Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 196. lin. 19.

universus [CL] 1 the whole of, entire, all (of). b (pl.) all (without exception). c (as sb. n. pl.) the whole or entirety (of anything), everything, (also spec.) the sum of all things, the universe. de summa ‥ caelorum arce tempora cuncta excedente ~o orbi praefulgidum sui coruscum ostendens Gildas EB 8; faciunt velamina super omne caput ~ae aetatis ad subvertendas animas Ib. 90; gaudente rege, congaudente ~o populo Bede HE II 9 p. 100; 1182 Josia rege mortuo, scriptum est quod ~us Juda et Jerusalem luxerunt eum P. Blois Ep. 2. 5a; evangelium in †universe [? l. universo] mundo eos [discipulos] predicare ut Dominus imperavit Hon. Spec. Eccl. 957C; quedam ‥ post partum passa est dolorem per ~um corpus Quaest. Salern. Ba 49; mundum ~um, mundique causas vel mente percurrere Gir. TH intr. p. 7; 1549 admittimus te ad interpretandam et profitendam ~am sacram scripturam, tam Veteris quam Novi Testamenti StatOx 356.  b ~os quos in necem suam conspirasse didicerat aut occidit aut in deditionem recepit Bede HE II 9 p. 100; terra ‥ fructus creat ~os Alb. Lond. DG 7. 3; ~i ‥ Christiani vocantur et plures articulos nostre fidei observant Itin. Mand. 66; 1269 A. de C. senescallus domini P. ~is ballivis per honorem de C. ‥ salutem CBaron 70; ~e note brevium et semibrevium que sub celo sunt Haudlo 176.  c Deum verum ac vivum, qui ~a creavit, adoro Bede HE I 7 p. 19; dicitur creatrix essentia ~a fecisse de nihilo Anselm (Mon. 8) I 23; uni Deo regi sanctorum, Dominoque ~orum Ord. Vit. VI 10 p. 135; s1189 per ~a Anglie Meaux I 244; in principio creavit Deus celum et terram et mundum et ~a que in eis sunt J. Foxton Cosm. 1. 1; non est qui possit tibi resistere, quia Dominus ~orum tu es Blakman Hen. VI 2. 2 a (per ~um) as a whole, in one lot. b (in ~um, in ~o) in total, altogether. c (in ~um) wholly, entirely, altogether. a 1299 de xxxix velleribus lane agnorum de exitu que venduntur per ~um ut infra (Ac. Milton) DCCant..  b quatuor duntaxat in ~um existunt apostolorum jejunia Beleth RDO (ed. PL) 11. 23C; 1242 provideant regi de ccc militibus et d servientibus in ~o, cum illis quos prius ad regem mitti mandaverat RGasc I 18b; c1253 lx pauperes in †vinverso [l. ~o] Stat. Linc. I 349; 1277 sunt ibi in pastura separabili que vocatur Kingesdon' cviij acre que valent per annum in ~o xxx s. Ac. Stratton 25; 1311 in emendatione domorum Christine de Botes cum schopis adjacentibus in ~o iijs. ijd. ob. Comp. Swith. 391; s1355 in ~o dominus rex habuit plus quam tria millia hominum armorum Avesb. f. 125b.  c est autem calumpniari crimina falsa intendere; prevaricari vera abscondere; at in ~um ab accusatione desistere tergiversari est J. Sal. Pol. 574C.

ūnĭversus, (7) arch. ūnĭvorsus, a, um (unus et versus ; contraire diversus), a) tout entier : sing., considéré dans son ensemble, général, universel : universa provincia Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 168, la province dans son ensemble [opp. à singulæ partes ], cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 26 ; Nat. 2, 164 ; Fin. 2, 112 ; Tusc. 3, 6, etc. ; universam et propriam oratoris vim definire complectique Cic. de Or. 1, 64, déterminer et embrasser lʼensemble des traits propres à lʼorateur (qui caractérisent lʼorateur) ; universum genus Cic. de Or. 2, 134, une thèse générale ; gregem universum totum avortere Pl. Trin. 171, détourner tout le troupeau dʼun bloc, dʼun coup ; odium universum Cic. Pis. 65, aversion générale ; b) pl., ensemble [opp. aux individus] : ex iis rebus universis eloquentia constat, quibus in singulis elaborare permagnum est Cic. de Or. 1, 19, lʼéloquence suppose la réunion dʼun ensemble de conditions dont chacune séparément est très difficile à réaliser ; populos universos tueri Cic. Læl. 50, protéger des peuples entiers, dans leur ensemble, cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 43 ; c) pl. universi, ōrum, tous ensemble, tous sans exception : crudelitate unius oppressi erant universi Cic. Rep. 3, 43, la cruauté dʼun seul pesait sur tous, sur lʼensemble, cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 52 ; Nat. 2, 165 ; omnes universi Pl. Trin. 1047, tous sans exception ; d) n. sing. universum, ī, Cic. Nat. 2, 30, ou n. pl. universa, ōrum Cic. Ac. 2, 73, ensemble des choses, univers || in universum Liv. 9, 26 ; Tac. G. 5, en général.

➳ unorsum = universum Lucr. 4, 262 ; onivorsei = universi S. C. Bacch. CIL 1, 581, 19.

universus , a, um. adj.
公。全。普世。共總。徧者。Universi. plur. 衆一齊。In universum 公言。Universi omnes 一總。

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ūniversus adj.

• unus+versus, all together, all in one, whole, entire, collective(opp. singuli): provincia: civitas: mundus: triduum, three days together, T.: de universis generibus rerum dicere: ut eadem sit utilitas unius cuiusque et universorum: in illum tela universi coniciunt, Cs.—Plurm. as subst, the whole body, all men, the mass, everybody: universi in omnibus fori partibus: si universi videre optimum possent, nemo delectos principes quaereret.—Singn. as subst, the whole world, universe: in eodem universo (i. e. in universitate rerum): universi corpus.—Relating to all, general, universal: odium: oratoris vis: dimicatio, a general engagement, L.—As substn., in the phrase, in universum, as a whole, in general, generally: non nominatim, sed in universum, L., Ta.