δύνω
δύνω, δύω/δύνω, (intrans. and 2nd aor.) enter; get into (clothes/armor); sink into the sea, set (of sun/stars); (trans./causal and 1st aor.) cause to enter or sink (more commonly in compounds)
I intr.
1 c. compl. de direcc. penetrar en, adentrarse en, introducirse, entrar c. ac.
θεὰ δῦνε σπέος ἠεροειδές
γῦπε ... δέρτρον ἔσω δύνοντες
dos buitres metiéndose en sus entrañas le comían el hígadoχθόνα δύνουσ' ᾌδος εἴσω
πᾶς ... οἱ εἴσω ὀξύσχοινος δῦνε
μιν ἔσω δύνοντα ... μελάθρου
τοῦ ... δύνοντος εἰς ἄφαντα κευθμῶνος βάθη
αἰχμαὶ δ' ἐς χρόα δῦνον
πλὴν πέους ... δύνοντος ἐς γλουτῶν μυχούς
τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν ὑετῶν κατὰ τῆς γῆς δῦνον
el agua de las lluvias que se filtra en la tierra
• c. compl. sobreentendido penetrar a través de la piel
δύνει ... ἀλοιφή
• fig. meterse en, llegar a
τοὺς ἐν ἔρωτι ὅρκους μὴ δύνειν οὔατ' ἐς ἀθανάτων
que los juramentos de amor no llegan a oídos de los dioses
• meterse, ocultarse, esconderse
τὸ μὴ δῦνόν ποτε πῶς ἄν τις λάθοι;
<οἳ δ' εἰς φάρ>αγγ' ἔδυνον
ἡ δὲ τεκούσης δύνει ἔσω κόλπους
οἱ ... μύες ... κατὰ τῶν ὀπῶν ἔδυνον
2 c. compl. ref. a ríos, mares sumergirse, hundirse, ocultarse en
δῦνε δὲ πόντον ἰών
ἄστρα ... δῦνεν ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο
ἐν ... τῷ Εὐφράτῃ ... τὰ ἄνθη δύνειν
ἡ ... αἴθυια ... ἐπὶ τοῦ βυθοῦ δύνει
οἱ ... κοντοὶ κατὰ τοῦ πηλοῦ δύνοντες
ὑπὸ κεύθεσι λίμνης δύνεις
• fig.
καλὸν τὸ δῦναι ἀπὸ κόσμου πρὸς θεόν
τὸν κόσμον ... κινδυνεύοντα εἰς τὸν τῆς ἀνομοιότητος δύνειν τόπον
3 de astros ponerse, ocultarse
ἐπὴν ... Πληιάδες ... δύνωσιν
• en part., en frases hechas
πρὸς ἥλιον δύνοντα
hacia ponienteπρὸς ἡλίου δύνοντος
ἅμα ἡλίῳ δύνοντι
al ponerse el solἡλίου δύνοντος
πρὸ ἡλίου δύνοντος
antes de la puesta del sol
• part. subst. neutr.
τὸ δῦνον
lugar de ocultación de un astro
• fig.
ἀνέτειλε ... ὡς ὁ ἥλιος ἀπὸ Μακεδονίας ... πρὶν ἔδυνε κατὰ Βαβυλῶνα
de Alejandro Magno
4 fig., c. ac. de un n. colect. integrarse, entrar a formar parte de
ἔτι κουρίζων ... δῦνεν ὅμιλον ἡρώων
II tr.
1 c. suj. de pers. y ac. de armas o vestidos revestirse de, ponerse
ὁ δ' ἄμβροτα τεύχεα δῦνε
θώρηκα περὶ στήθεσσιν ἔδυνε
χρυσὸν δ' αὐτὸς ἔδυνε περὶ χροΐ
χιτῶνα περὶ χροΐ ... δῦνεν
2 fig. de sentimientos cubrir, invadir
ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος Ἀτρεΐδαο
δύω
3 sing. pa. iterative δύσκε Il. 8.271.
Fut. δύσω Il. 2.261.
3 pl. sigmatic aor. ἔδυσαν Od. 14.341.
Infin. δῦσαι Il. 5.435, Il. 13.182.
3 sing. aor. ἔδυ Il. 3.36, Il. 11.63, Il. 18.241, etc.: Od. 3.329, Od. 13.35, Od. 16.220, etc. δῦ Il. 8.85, Il. 17.210, Il. 18.416, Il. 21.118.
3 dual ἐδύτην Il. 6.19, Il. 10.254, 272.
2 pl. ἔδυτε Od. 24.106.
3 pl. ἔδυσαν Il. 18.145. ἔδυν Il. 4.222, Il. 11.263.
Subj. δύω Il. 6.340, Il. 7.193, Il. 17.186, Il. 18.192, Il. 21.559, Il. 22.99, 125.
2 sing. δύῃς Il. 9.604.
3 sing. δύῃ Il. 11.194, 209, Il. 17.455.
3 sing. opt. δύη (for δυίη) Od. 18.348, Od. 20.286.
Imp. δῦθι Il. 16.64.
3 sing. δύτω Il. 14.377.
Pl. δῦτε Il. 18.140.
Acc. sing. masc. pple. δύντα Il. 19.308.
Nom. dual δύντε Od. 22.201.
Infin. δύμεναι Il. 6.185, 411, Il. 14.63, Il. 19.313. δῦναι Il. 2.413, Il. 3.322, Il. 7.131, Il. 10.221, Il. 11.537, Il. 20.76: Od. 13.30.
3 sing. pf. δέδυκε Il. 5.811, Il. 9.239: Od. 12.93.
Mid. Fut. δύσομαι Od. 12.383.
2 sing. -εαι Il. 9.231.
3 pl. -ονται Il. 7.298.
Infin. -εσθαι Od. 7.18.
3 pl. aor. δύσαντο Il. 23.739.
3 pl. opt. δυσαίατο Il. 18.376.
3 sing. aor. (ἐ)δύσετο Il. 2.578, Il. 3.328, Il. 7.465, Il. 15.120, Il. 19.368, Il. 21.515, etc.: Od. 2.388, Od. 4.425, Od. 5.352, Od. 6.321, Od. 17.336, Od. 23.366, etc.
Imp. δύσεο Il. 16.129, Il. 19.36: Od. 17.276.
Genit. sing. masc. pple. δυσομένου Od. 1.24.
(ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, ἐνδύνω, ἐξανα-, ἐξαποδύνω, ἐσ-, κατα-, περι-, ὑπεξανα-, ὑπο-.)
- I
In fut. and sigmatic aor. act., with adverbs indicating deprivation, to strip off (clothes, etc.): εἰ μὴ ἀφʼ εἵματα δύσω Il. 2.261. Cf. Il. 5.435, Il. 13.182: Od. 14.341.
Sim. in pres. subj., to put off (one’s armour): ἐπεί κʼ ἀπὸ τεύχεα δύω Il. 22.125.
- II
In the tenses other than the fut. and sigmatic aor. act.
- 1
In act. and mid., to enter, go into, make one’s way into: δῦναι δόμον Ἄϊδος Il. 3.322, Il. 7.131, δύοντο τεῖχος Il. 15.345. Cf. Il. 6.19, 411, Il. 11.263, Il. 21.515, Il. 22.99: δέρτρον δύνοντες (thrusting their beaks into it) Od. 11.579, ἐδύσετο δώματα Od. 17.336. Cf. Od. 7.18, 81, Od. 13.366, Od. 24.106.
To plunge into (the sea): δῦνε πόντον Il. 15.219. Cf. Il. 18.140.
Of the apparent motion of a star: ἔδυ νέφεα Il. 11.63.
Absol., to take its inward way, pass: δύνει ἀλοιφή Il. 17.392. Cf. Il. 16.340, Il. 21.118.
- 2
In act. and mid. with preps., to go, make one’s way, place oneself (into or under something): βέλος εἰς ἐγκέφαλον δῦ Il. 8.85. Cf. Il. 5.140, Il. 8.271, Il. 21.559: οὓς ὑπʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς δύσετο Od. 5.482, μέσση κατὰ σπείους δέδυκεν (stands waist-deep) Od. 12.93. Cf. Od. 12.383.
So of plunging into the sea: δύσεθʼ ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα Il. 6.136, ὑπὸ κῦμʼ ἔδυσαν Il. 18.145: ἐς πόντον ἐδύσετο Od. 5.352. Cf. Od. 4.425, 570 = Od. 11.253.
- 3
In act. and mid., to enter, mingle with (a throng or company, etc.): δῦναι ὅμιλον Il. 11.537, Il. 20.76. Cf. Il. 6.185, Il. 7.298, Il. 9.604, Il. 10.221, Il. 14.63, Il. 16.729, Il. 17.552, Il. 18.376, Il. 19.313, Il. 20.379: δύσεο μνηστῆρας (go among them, mix with them) Od. 17.276.
Sim. with a prep.: καθʼ ὅμιλον ἔδυ Il. 3.36.
- 4
In act. and mid., to get into, put on (armour or clothes): ἐδύσετο χαλκόν Il. 2.578, Il. 11.16, ἔντεʼ ἔδυνεν Il. 3.339, δύσαντο χιτῶνας Il. 23.739. Cf. Il. 3.328, 332 = Il. 11.19 = Il. 16.133 = Il. 19.371, Il. 6.340, Il. 7.193, Il. 8.43 = Il. 13.25, Il. 9.596, Il. 13.241, Il. 14.382, Il. 15.120, Il. 16.64, 129, Il. 17.186, 194, 202, Il. 18.192, 416, Il. 19.368: χιτῶνα δῦνεν Od. 15.61, δυέσθην τεύχεα Od. 22.114. Cf. Od. 22.113, Od. 23.366.
Of putting on the cap of Hades Il. 5.845.
Sim. with preps.: κατὰ τεύχεʼ ἔδυν Il. 4.222. Cf. Il. 10.254, 272, Il. 23.131: ἐν τεύχεσσι δύοντο Od. 24.496. Cf. Od. 22.201, Od. 24.498.
So ἐν ἀσπίδι δύτω Il. 14.377.
Fig.: δύσεο δʼ ἀλκήν Il. 19.36. Cf. Il. 9.231.
- 5
In act. and mid., of the sun, to enter Ocean, set: δύσετʼ ἠέλιος Il. 7.465, ἔδυ φάος Il. 8.487. Cf. Il. 2.413, Il. 11.194 = 209 = Il. 17.455, Il. 18.241, Il. 19.308, Il. 23.154: Αἰθίοπες δυσομένου Ὑπερίονος (dwelling in the west) Od. 1.24. Cf. Od. 2.388 = Od. 3.487 = 497 = Od. 11.12 = Od. 15.185 = 296 = 471, Od. 3.329 = Od. 5.225, Od. 6.321, Od. 8.417, Od. 13.30, 35, Od. 16.220 = Od. 21.226.
So of a constellation: ὀψὲ δύοντα βοώτην Od. 5.272.
Sim.: δείελος ὀψὲ δύων Il. 21.232.
- 6
In act., of feelings or physical or mental states, to come upon, befall: κάματος γυῖα δέδυκεν Il. 5.811, Μελέαγρον ἔδυ χόλος Il. 9.553. Cf. Il. 9.239, Il. 11.268, 272, Il. 19.16, 367, Il. 22.94: ὄφρʼ ἔτι μᾶλλον δύη ἄχος κραδίην Od. 18.348 = Od. 20.286.
Of a god, to inspire: δῦ μιν Ἄρης Il. 17.210.
- 1
- 1at potius ad O. 1.81 referendum nott. Snell) ?fr. 342.]
δεῦρό μ[οι], ὁ μέγιστος ἐν οὐρανῷ, ... ὁ δύνων ἐν τῷ λιβι[β]όρῳ τοῦ οὐρ[ανοῦ
ven junto a mí, el más grande en el cielo, el que se oculta en el oeste del cielo
ἐπικαλοῦμαί σε, τὸν μέγιστον θεόν, ... δύνοντα τῷ λιβί
te invoco a ti, el dios más grande, el que se oculta en el oeste
χαῖρέ μοι, ... ὁ καθ' ἡμέραν γεννώμενος νέος καὶ γέρων δύνων
te saludo a ti, el que cada día nace joven y se oculta anciano
a
τίθεσαι ἡλίου δύνοντος παρὰ ἀώρου ἢ βιαίου θήκην
ponlo cuando se oculte el sol junto a la tumba de uno muerto prematuramente o de forma violenta
ἐξήγησις αὐτοῦ πρὸ<ς> ἥλιον δύνοντα
súplica a éste hacia la puesta de sol