εἴδω

εἴδω, see

*εἴδω, no Act. pres. in use, ὁράω being used:—Med., v. infr. A.II: aor. 2 εἶδον always in sense of see (so in pres. and aor. 1 Med., to be seen, i.e. seem): but pf. οἶδα, in pres. sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, cf. (ϝ)είδομαι, (ϝ)εῖδος, Lat. videre; with (ϝ)οῖδα, cf. Skt. véda, Goth. wait, OE. wát ‘know’.)

A aor. 2 εἶδον (late εἶδα Orph. A. 118), serving as aor. to ὁράω, Ep. ἴδον, iter. ἴδεσκε Il. 3.217, late Aeol. εὔιδον Epigr.Gr. 990.11 (Balbilla); imper. ἴδε (in Att. written as Adv. ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr. 2.23), ἴδετε; subj. ἴδω, Ep. ἴδωμι Il. 18.63; opt. ἴδοιμι; inf. ἰδεῖν, Ep. ἰδέειν; part. ἰδών: hence, fut. ἰδησῶ Theoc. 3.37:—Med., aor. 2 εἰδόμην, Ep. ἰδόμην, in same sense, poet., Ion., and later Prose (c. gen., Arat. 430) (so in compds., even in Att. Prose, v. ἐπ-, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην); imper. ἰδοῦ (freq. written as Adv. ἰδού, = ἰδέ); subj. ἴδωμαι; opt. ἰδοίμην; inf. ἰδέσθαι; part. ἰδόμενος Hdt. 1.88, al.:
- - 1 see, perceive, behold, ὀφθαλμοῖσι or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι see before the eyes, Il. 1.587, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν E. Or. 1020; ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι well, I will try and see, Od. 6.126, cf. 21.159; mark, observe, Il. 4.476, Od. 4.412, etc.: folld. by relat. clause, ἴδωμʼ ὅτινʼ ἔργα τέτυκται Il. 22.450; ἀλλʼ ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδʼ ἐστίν Od. 10.44: freq. in inf. after Subst. or Adj., θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, Il. 5.725; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν A. Pr. 240; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν Pl. R. 620a.
  - - b see a person, i.e. meet him, speak with him, Th. 4.125, X. An. 2.4.15, etc.
    - c see, i.e. experience, νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι Od. 3.233, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν E. Hec. 56; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν S. Tr. 835; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν Id. Ant. 1270 (lyr.); ἀλόχου κουριδίης . . οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε he saw (i.e. enjoyed) not the favour of his wedded wife, Il. 11.243.
  - 2 look, ἰδεῖν ἐς . . look at or towards, 2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί . . 23.143; πρός . . Od. 12.244; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, Il. 9.373, etc.; κατʼ ἐνῶπα ἰδών 15.320; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, Od. 5.78, etc.: qualified by Adv. or Adj., ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, Il. 1.148, al.; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, 2.269; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, A. Eu. 541 (lyr.).
  - 3 see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν ‘to see in his mindʼs eye’, Il. 21.61, cf. 4.249; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ Pl. R. 511a.
  - - b examine, investigate, Id. Phd. 70e, Tht. 192e; consider, ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν Id. Grg. 455a.
- II Med., pres. εἴδομαι, Ep. ἐείδεται Theoc. 25.58, part. ἐειδόμενος Pi. N. 10.15: aor. εἰσάμην, Ep. part. ἐεισάμενος Il. 2.22, al.:—only Ep. and Lyr., to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear, 8.559; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι 13.98; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός 24.319; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον Epigr.Gr. 1034.19 (Callipolis), cf. Od. 5.283; perh. also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, Il. 13.191.
- - 2 c. inf., appear or seem to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι 1.228; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι Od. 9.11, etc.: with inf. omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ 19.283, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται Il. 14.472, cf. Theoc. 25.58; also, look like or make a show of . ., εἴσατʼ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, Od. 8.283; εἴσατο δʼ ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, 5.281.
  - 3 strictly middle, c. dat., εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ she made herself like Polites in voice, Il. 2.791, cf. 20.81; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι Rhian. 50: esp. in part., like, εἰδομένη κήρυκι Il. 2.280, etc.; τῷ δʼ ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος Pi. N. 10.15; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν A. Ag. 771 (lyr.); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι Hdt. 6.69.
B pf., οἶδα I know, used as pres.: plpf. ᾔδεα (v. infr.), I knew, used as impf.:— pf. οἶδα, Aeol. ὄϊδα Alc. 145; 2 sg. οἶδας once in Hom., Od. 1.337, cf. h.Merc. 456, Thgn. 491, Hippon. 89, Hp. Acut. 67, E. Alc. 780, Philem. 44.3 codd.; οἶσθα elsewh. in Hom., Att., etc.; in Com. also sts. οἶσθας Cratin. 105, Alex. 15.11, Men. 348.5, cf. Herod. 2.55; pl., ἴσμεν, Ep., Aeol., and Dor. ἴδμεν, also Ion., Hdt. 1.6, al.; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐσ- Od. 2.211, al., but ῑσ- ib. 283, al.]; οἴδαμεν Hdt. 2.17, οἴδατε AP 12.81 (Mel.), οἴδᾱσι Hdt. 2.43, X. Oec. 20.14 codd.; dual, οἴδατον Socr. Ep. 22.1: imper. ἴσθι, ἴστω, Boeot. ἴττω, late ἰδέτω Phalar. Ep. 122 codd.: from 3 pl. ἴσασι (ἴσαντι Epich. 53) were formed Dor. 1 sg. ἴσᾱμι Epich. 254, Pi. P. 4.248; 3 sg. ἴσατι IG 14.644.4 (Bruttii); 1 pl. ἴσᾰμεν Pi. N. 7.14, ἴσαμες prob. in Dialex. 6.12; Cret. 3 pl. subj. ἴθθαντι GDI 5024; inf. ϝισάμην Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn 34 No.3.19; part. ἴσας A.D. Adv. 175.19, dat. sg. ἴσαντι Pi. P. 3.29, Cret. pl. ἴθθαντες GDI 5024: subj. εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, Il. 14.235, Od. 16.236), Ion. 3 pl. εἰδέωσι SIG 45.21 (Halic., V B.C.); Ep. also εἴδω Od. 1.174, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr. 2.131), εἴδομεν Il. 1.363, εἴδετε Od. 9.17: opt. εἰδείην, 1 pl. εἰδεῖμεν Pl. La. 190b, R. 582a: inf. εἰδέναι, Ep. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also ἰδέμεν Pi. N. 7.25: part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Ep. also ἰδυῖα, Elean ϝειζώς Schwyzer 409:—plpf. ᾔδεα Il. 14.71, Hdt. 2.150, contr. ᾔδη S. Ant. 18, Ar. Av. 511, Pl. Smp. 199a, ᾔδησθα Od. 19.93, Eup. 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα freq. in codd., Ar. Ec. 551, E. Cyc. 108, Pl. Men. 80d, al.), ᾔδεε (ν) Il. 17.402, al., ᾔδη 1.70, al. (also later Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. Choerob. in Theod. 2.86), Att. contr. ᾔδει (ν) E. Ion 1187, Ar. V. 558, etc.; Ep. 2 and 3 sg. ἠείδης, ἠείδη (v.l. -εις, - ει), Il. 22.280, Od. 9.206; Att. also 1 sg. ᾔδειν D. 37.24, 2 sg. ᾔδεις Ar. Th. 554, etc.; pl., ᾔδειμεν Aeschin. 3.82, Arist. APo. 87b40, ᾔδεμεν Men. 14D. (to be read in S. OT 1232), ᾔδειτε D. 55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε prob. in E. Ba. 1345), Ion. ᾐδέατε Hdt. 9.58 (συν-), ᾔδεισαν LXX Ge. 42.23, Str. 15.3.23, ᾔδεσαν Hdt. 7.175, Thgn. 54, etc.; late Ep. ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, A.R. 2.65, 4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, Ar. Fr. 149.4 (prob.), S. Fr. 340, E. Cyc. 231, etc.; Ep. 3 pl. ἴσαν Il. 18.405, Od. 4.772:—fut., in this sense, εἴσομαι Il. 1.548, Hp. VM 20, Ar. Ach. 332, etc.; also εἰδήσω Od. 7.327, Hdt. 7.234, Isoc. 1.44, Aen.Tact. 31.5, Arist. Top. 108a28, Herod. 5.78, Apollon.Perg. Con. 1 Praef., etc.; inf. εἰδησέμεν Od. 6.257.—The aor. and pf. are usu. supplied by γιγνώσκω; aor. 1 inf. εἰδῆσαι is found in Hp. Acut.(Sp. ) 22, Epid. 6.8.25 (ἐξ-), Arist. EN 1156b27, Thphr. Char. Prooem. 4; imper. εἴδησον PCair.Zen. 36.2 (iii B.C.); 3 pl. subj. εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No. 190 (ii/i B.C.):—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, ὃς ᾔδη τά τʼ ἐόντα τά τʼ ἐσσόμενα πρό τʼ ἐόντα Il. 1.70; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, Od. 2.122, Il. 18.363, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers., τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα Od. 4.551, cf. Pl. R. 365e, D. 54.34, etc.; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, Hdt. 1.6, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν Th. 1.4: strengthd. by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδʼ ἴσθι know well, be assured of this, E. Med. 593; σάφʼ οἶδʼ ἐγώ A. Supp. 740, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, Il. 24.41; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, Od. 9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, Il. 16.73; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν Od. 3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442: c. gen., ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων Il. 12.229; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow, 2.718; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od. 1.202; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης Il. 2.823; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360; παῖδʼ ἔτʼ ἐόντʼ οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς 11.710; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, 14.235, Hdt. 3.21, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il. 10.329; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36, etc.; Boeot. ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., Ar. Ach. 860, etc.: part. εἰδώς, abs., one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, ἰδυίῃ πάντʼ ἀγορεύω Il. 1.365; μετʼ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν Th. 2.36, cf. 3.53; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος Pl. R. 337d, etc.; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il. 1.608, al.
- - 2 c. inf., know how to do, οἶδʼ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδʼ ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν 7.238, cf. S. Ph. 1010, Ar. V. 376; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, E. Med. 664, D. 4.40; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε Alex.Trall. Febr. 6; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 B.; learn, ἵνʼ εἰδῇ μὴ ʼπὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι E. Hipp. 729.
  - 3 c. part., to know that such and such is the fact, the part. being in nom. when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, A. Ag. 1670; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών Hdt. 4.76; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος E. Hec. 397: in acc. when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς A. Ch. 234; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα Th. 1.69: with part. omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (sc. ὄντα) Jul. Or. 7.226a.
  - 4 less freq.c. acc. et inf., πλήθους . . ἂν σάφʼ ἴσθʼ ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι A. Pers. 337, cf. S. Ph. 1329; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον . . ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι X. Cyr. 8.3.44; also εὖ τόδʼ ἴσθι, μηδάμʼ ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν A. Pers. 431; ἕν γʼ ἀκούσασʼ ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μʼ ἐρεῖν E. IA 1005.
  - 5 c. acc. folld. by ὡς, ὅτι, etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ S. El. 332; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι Pl. Prt. 323b, etc.
  - 6 οὐκ οἶδʼ εἰ . . I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sts. with ἄν transposed, οὐκ οἶδʼ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε E. Alc. 48, cf. D. 45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδʼ εἴ τις ἄλλος perhaps no other, Isoc. 6.1, 12.10.
  - 7 in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅπως I know not how, Pl. R. 400b; οὐκ οἶδʼ ὁπόθεν Id. Cra. 396d.
  - 8 οἶδα, ἴσθι are freq. parenthetic, οἶδʼ ἐγώ E. Med. 948; σάφʼ οἶδα ib. 94, 963; also οἶδʼ ὅτι, οἶσθʼ ὅτι, ἴσθʼ ὅτι, πάρειμι δʼ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδʼ ὅτι (sc. πάρειμι) I know it well, S. Ant. 276; οἶδʼ ὅτι, freq. in D., as 9.1, al.; σάφʼ ἴσθʼ ὅτι Ar. Pl. 889:—οἶσθʼ ὅ, οἶσθʼ ὡς, with imper., are common in Trag. and Com., οἶσθʼ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou knowʼst what, i.e. make haste and do, Ar. Eq. 1158, cf. Pax 1051, etc.; οἶσθʼ ὡς πόησον; S. OT 543; also οἶσθʼ . . ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς; Id. OC 75; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω; E. IT 1203: rarely with the fut., οἶσθʼ οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisi leg. δρᾶσον); Id. Cyc. 131, cf. Med. 600 codd.

*εἴδω (f. εἴσομαι ; ao. 2 εἶδον, d’où impér. ἴδε ou ἰδέ, sbj. ἴδω, opt. ἴδοιμι, inf. ἰδεῖν, part. ἰδών ; pf. 2 οἶδα, au sens d’un prés. ; pl. q. pf. ᾔδειν, att. ᾔδη, au sens d’un impf.)

1 voir : ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ou ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδεῖν, Il. 1, 587, etc. ; ἐν ὄμμασιν ἰδεῖν, Eur. Or. 1020, etc. voir de ses yeux ; οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν, Eschl. Pr. 238 ; λαμπρὸς ἰδεῖν, Plat. Rsp. 620a, etc. lamentable à voir, brillant à voir ||

2 observer, examiner : ἔς τινα, Il. 2, 271 ; εἴς τι, Il. 3, 364 ; πρός τινα, Od. 12, 244 ; ἐπί τι, Il. 23, 143, regarder qqn ou qqe ch. (le ciel, la mer, etc.) ; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι, Il. 9, 373 ; κατ’ ἐνῶπα ἰδεῖν, Il. 15, 320 ; ἄντα ἰδεῖν, Il. 13, 184 ; ou ἔσαντα, Il. 17, 334 ; ou ἄντην, Od. 5, 78, regarder en face ||

3 voir, avoir une entrevue : τινα, Xén. An. 2, 4, 5, avec qqn ||

4 fig. se représenter, se figurer : ἐνὶ φρεσίν, Il. 21, 61 ; Od. 7, 327, dans l’esprit ; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ, Plat. Rsp. 510e, se représenter par la pensée ||

Moy. εἴδομαι (ao. 2 εἰδόμην, d’où impér. ἰδοῦ, sbj. ἴδωμαι, opt. ἰδοίμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι, part. ἰδόμενος)

I se faire voir, d’où :

1 se montrer, paraître : εἴδεται ἦμαρ, Il. 13, 98, le jour paraît ||

2 paraître, sembler, avec l’inf. Il. 1, 228 ; Od. 9, 11, etc. ; ou sans inf. τόγε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ, Od. 19, 283, etc. cela lui parut dans son cœur plus avantageux ||

3 avoir l’air, faire semblant, feindre de : ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον, Od. 8, 283, d’aller à Lemnos ||

II se rendre semblable, d’où avec double rég. εἴδεσθαι φθογγήν τινι, Il. 2, 791 ; ὄψιν ἀνέρι, Pd. N. 10, 15, se donner une voix semblable à celle de qqn, un air semblable à celui de qqn ; prendre la voix, les traits de qqn ; cf. Il. 20, 81 ; Od. 1, 105 ; Pd. P. 4, 51 ; Hdt. 6, 69 ; 7, 56, etc. || Pf. οἶδα (οἶσθα, οἶδε, ἴσμεν, ἴστε, ἴσασι, ἴστον, ἴστον, impér. ἴσθι, sbj. εἰδῶ, opt. εἰδείην, inf. εἰδέναι, part. εἰδώς) savoir, c. à d.

1 être informé de, instruit de, etc. : τι, Il. 17, 219, etc. ; Od. 18, 227, etc. ; Soph. O.C. 24 ; Plat. Ap. 21d, etc. savoir, connaître qqe ch. ; περί τινος, Od. 17, 563, être bien renseigné sur qqn ; souv. renforcé par εὖ ou σάφα, Od. 15, 211, etc. bien savoir, savoir de science sûre ; εἰδέναι ὥς ou ὅτι, précédé d’un acc. : ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι, Plat. Prot. 323b, s’ils savent que qqn est injuste ou déshonnête ; ᾔδει βασιλέα ὅτι μέσον ἔχοι τοῦ στρατεύματος, Xén. An. 1, 8, 21, il savait que le roi occupait le centre de l’armée ; avec un part. à l’acc. τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα, Thc. 1, 69, nous savons que le Mède est venu du bout du monde ; avec le part. précédé de ὡς : ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότ’ ἴσθι μ’ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς, Soph. Ph. 253, sache que je ne sais rien de ce que tu racontes ; avec un part. au nom. par attract. du sujet : ἴσθι μοι δώσων, Eschl. Ag. 1670, sache que tu me donneras ; οἶδα κεκτημένος, Eur. Hec. 401, je sais que j’ai gagné, que j’ai, etc. ; rar. avec une prop. inf. ἴσθι μὴ ψευδῶς μ’ ἐρεῖν, Eur. I.A. 1005, sache que je ne mentirai pas (que je ne te tromperai pas) ; dans des loc. nég. οὐκ οἶδ’ ὅπως, ὅπῃ, etc. Plat. Rsp. 400b, etc. je ne sais comment, par quel moyen ; οὐκ οἶδ’ εἰ, Att. je ne sais si ; cf. la loc. οὐκ οἶδ’ εἰ au mil. d’une phrase (v. εἰ, B, I) ; οὐκ οἶδ’ ἢ... ἤ, Il. 10, 342, je ne sais si... ou si ; abs. au part. μετ’ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν, Il. 10, 250 ; ou ἐν εἰδόσιν, Thc. 2, 36 ; 4, 59, parler au milieu de gens qui savent ; εἰδότι τοι ἐρέω, Pd. P. 4, 142, je te le dirai à toi qui sais ; souv. dans des formules d’attestation : ἴστω νῦν Ζεύς, Il. 10, 329 ; béot. ἴττω Δεύς, ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς, Ar. Ach. 860, 911, etc. en ce moment que Zeus, qu’Hèraklès sache, c. à d. en ce moment j’atteste Zeus, Hèraklès ; souv. entre parenth. οἶδ’ ἐγώ, Eur. Med. 948 ; οἶδα, Eschl. Pers. 838 ; Soph. Aj. 560 ; σάφ’ οἶδα, Eschl. Pr. 504 ; Eur. Med. 94 ; εὖ οἶδα, Eur. Med. 963, je le sais, je le sais très bien ; de même, οἶδ’ ὅτι, Soph. Ant. 276 ; εὖ οἶδ’ ὅτι, Dém. 110, 5, je le sais, litt. je sais, je sais bien que (cela est) ; σάφ’ ἴσθ’ ὅτι, Ar. Pl. 889, sache-le bien ; de même encore dans les interr. οἶσθ’ ὡς, οἶσθ’ ὅ avec un impér. οἶσθ’ ὡς ποίησον; Soph. O.R. 543, sais-tu ce que tu as à faire (litt. fais sais-tu quoi ?) ; οἶσθ’ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; Eur. I.A. 725, Hec. 225, sais-tu donc ce que tu as à faire ? ||

2 savoir, être habile à ou dans, avec le gén. : εἰδ. τεράων, Il. 12, 229 ; 15, 412, être habile à interpréter les prodiges ; particul. au partic. τόξων εὖ εἰδώς, Il. 2, 718 ; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς, Od. 1, 202, habile à manier l’arc, à interpréter le vol des oiseaux ; μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης, Il. 2, 823, ayant tous deux l’expérience de toute sorte de combats ; avec un inf. Il. 7, 238 ; Soph. Ph. 1010 ; Ar. Vesp. 376, savoir, être habile à, etc. ||

3 être en état de, pouvoir, avec l’inf. Eur. Med. 664, Hipp. 729 ; Dém. 51, 28 ||

4 avoir tels ou tels sentiments, avec un acc. pl. neutre : πεπνυμένα, κεχαρισμένα εἰδ., etc. Hom. être prudent, reconnaissant, etc. ; φίλα εἰδέναι τινί, Od. 3, 277, avoir des sentiments d’amitié pour qqn : χάριν εἰδέναι τινί, Il. 14, 235 ; Hdt. 3, 21 ; Xén. Cyr. 3, 1, 29 ; 6, 2, 2 ; Plat. Menex. 241e, savoir gré, ou être reconnaissant à qqn ||

➳ Act. Prés. inus., sauf p.-ê. dor. εἴδομες, Thcr. Idyl. 2, 25. — Fut. ion. et att. réc. εἰδήσω, Od. 7, 327, Hh. 2, 306 ; 3, 466 ; Hdt. 7, 234 ; Hpc. 7, 476 ; 8, 430 Littré ; Arstt. Top. 1, 18, 2, etc. ; inf. épq. εἰδησέμεν, Od. 6, 257 ; mais εἰδήσειν, Il. 1, 546 ; f. dor. ἰδησῶ [ῐ] Thcr. Idyl. 3, 37. — Ao. 1 réc. εἶδα, Orph. Arg. 119, ou εἴδησα, Hpc. 2, 436 ; 9, 230 Littré ; Arstt. Probl. 19, 42, etc. ; Th. Char. 1. — Ao. 2 ind. épq. ἴδον, Il. 1, 262 ; Od. 12, 244 ; Hés. Th. 555 ; Pd. P. 5, 84, etc. ; sbj. épq. ἴδωμι, Il. 18, 63 ; inf. épq. et ion. ἰδέειν, Il. 23, 463 ; Hdt. 1, 32 ; éol. ἴδην, Sapph. 101. Ao. itér. 3 sg. ἴδεσκε, Il. 3, 217. — Pf. 1 réc. εἴδηκα, Arstt. Top. 1, 24, 484 Sylb. — Pf. 2 au sens d’un prés. οἶδα (v. ci-dessus) : Ind. 2 sg. poét. οἶδας, Od. 1, 337 ; Hh. Merc. 456, 467 ; Thgn. 491, 957 ; Hdt. 3, 72 ; Eur. Alc. 780, etc. ; poét. οἶσθας, Crat. Alex. Philém. Mén. (Com. fr. 2, 80 ; 3, 389 ; 4, 14 et 174) ; 1 pl. οἴδαμεν, Hdt. 2, 17 ; 4, 46 ; 7, 214, etc. ; Hpc. 1, 622 Littré ; Xén. An. 2, 4, 6 (var. ἴσμεν) ; Plat. 2 Alc. 141, etc. ; épq. et ion. ἴδμεν, Il. 2, 486 ; Od. 17, 78 ; Hés. Th. 28 ; Hdt. 1, 6, 142, etc. ; 2 pl. οἴδατε [ᾰ] Ar. Ach. 294 ; Anth. 12, 81, etc. ; 3 pl. οἴδασι [ᾱ] Hdt. 2, 43 ; Xén. Œc. 20, 14 ; etc. Au lieu de οἴδαμεν, etc. les Att. emploient d’ord. les formes du prés. de ἴσημι : ἴσμεν, ἴστε, ἴσασι, ἴστον, ἴστον (v. ἴσημι). — Impér. 3 sg. béot. ἴττω, Ar. Ach. 860 ; Plat. Phæd. 62a ; postér. ἰδέτω, Phalar. Ep. 5, p. 32 Valckenaer. — Sbj. épq. εἰδέω, Od. 16, 236, ou ἰδέω, Il. 14, 235 ; 1 pl. εἴδομεν (p. -ωμεν) Il. 1, 363 ; Od. 3, 18 ; 2 pl. εἴδετε, Il. 8, 18 ; Od. 9, 17. — Inf. épq. ἴδμεναι, Il. 13, 273 ; Thgn. 221 ; ou ἴδμεν, Il. 11, 719 ; poét. ἰδέμεν, Pd. N. 7, 25. — Part. fém. ἰδυῖα (touj. avec πραπίδεσσι) Il. 1, 608, etc. — Pl. q. pf. épq. et ion. ᾔδεα, Il. 14, 71 ; Thgn. 853 ; Hdt. 2, 150 ; 2 sg. ᾔδησθα, Od. 19, 93 ; Soph. Ant. 447 ; Eup. 2-1, 570 Meineke ; Plat. Men. 80, etc. et ᾔδεισθα, Eur. El. 926, Cycl. 108 ; ou ἠείδης, Il. 22, 280 ; 3 sg. ᾔδειν dev. une voy. Eur. Ion 1187 ; Ar. Pax 1182, Vesp. 558 (ttf. ᾔδει οὐδείς, Thc. 6, 27) ou ᾔδην, Ar. Vesp. 635 ; rar. dev. une cons. Ar. Ach. 35 ; ou ᾔδεεν, Il. 18, 404 ; ou ἠείδη, Od. 9, 206 (sel. d’autres ἠείδει) 23, 29 ; au plur. les poètes emploient ε au lieu de ει : ᾔδεμεν (p. ᾔδειμεν) Soph. O.R. 1232, ou ᾖσμεν, Eschl. Ag. 1099 ; Eur. Hec. 1112, Her. 658 ; Ar. fr. 198 ; Ant. fr. 7, 3 ; Eschn. 3, 175 ; ᾔδετε, Eur. Bacch. 1345, ou ᾖστε, Soph. fr. 317 ; 3 pl. ᾔδεσαν, Hdt. 8, 78 ; Xén. An. 4, 3, 10 ; 6, 5, 31 ; etc. ou ᾖσαν, Eschl. Pr. 451 ; Eur. Cycl. 231, Rhes. 855 ; épq. ἴσαν, Il. 18, 405 ; Od. 13, 170 ; postér. ᾔδεισαν, Str. 15, 3, 23 ; Spt. Gen. 42, 23 ; Ex. 16, 15 ; NT. Marc. 1, 34 ; Joh. 2, 9, etc. ; duel ᾔστην, Ar. Av. 19. — Moy. prés. poét. ἐείδομαι, Pd. N. 10, 15 ; A. Rh. 4, 221 ; Thcr. Idyl. 25, 58. — Fut., 2 sg. εἴσει, Soph. O.C. 1149 ; Ar. Vesp. 774 ; Xén. Cyr. 7, 4, 12 ; épq. εἴσεαι, Il. 21, 292 ; Od. 2, 40. — Ao., 2 sg. épq. ἐείσαο, Il. 9, 645 ; part. épq. ἐεισάμενος, Il. 17, 326 ; 20, 82 ; Od. 6, 24 ; 11, 241. — Ao. itér. 3 sg. εἰσάσκετο, ou ἰσάσκετο, Il. 24, 607. — Ao. 2 dor. εἰδόμαν [ᾱ] Soph. O.R. 1217 ; Eur. I.A. 254, 295 ; épq. et lyr. ἰδόμην, Il. 24, 484 ; Hés. Th. 451 ; dor. ἰδόμαν [ᾱ] Eur. I.T. 150 ; impér. au sens exclam. ἰδοῦ, Soph. Ph. 776 ; sbj. 2 sg. épq. ἴδηαι, Il. 8, 105 ; opt. 3 pl. ion. et épq. ἰδοίατο, Od. 1, 162 ; Hdt. 9, 51.

Étym. p. (ϝ)ειδ-, de la R. indo-europ. *ueid-, voir, savoir, cf. ἵστωρ, sscr. véda, lat. vīdī, all. wissen.

εἴδω, *εἴδω, od. eigtl. *Ϝείδω, video, wissen ; von diesem im praes. act. ungebräuchl. Stamme kommen vor :
1) in der Bedeutung sehen :
a) aor.2 εἶδον, ἰδεῖν, u. med. εἰδόμην, ἰδέσθαι, der den aor. von ὁράω bildet, welches Wort über den Gebrauch zu vergleichen.
b) das med. εἴδομαι, auch ἐείδομαι, aor. εἰσάμην, vgl. Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 148, Hom. auch ἐεισάμην ; τῷ μιν ἐεισάμενος Il. 2.22 ; pass. Bdtg, gesehen werden, erscheinen, εἴδεται ἦμαρ, ἄστρα, der Tag, die Sterne werden sichtbar, erscheinen ; Il. 8.556, 13.98, 24.319, Od. 5.283 ; sp.D., wie Theocr. 13.60. Den Anschein haben, wie δοκέω, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι, das scheint, dünkt dir der Tod zu sein, Il. 1.228 ; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι Od. 9.11 ; αὐτῷ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ Od. 19.283 ; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται Il. 14.475 ; ὅ τι οἱ εἴσαιτο γελοίιον Ἀργείοισιν ἔμμεναι 2.215 ; πάντα τί μοι κατὰ θυμὸν ἐείσω μυθήσασθαι 9.645 ; sp.D., wie Theocr. 95.58 ὥς που καὶ βασιλεῦσιν ἐείδεται – σαώτερος ἔμμεναι οἶκος ; εἴσατʼ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον Od. 8.983, er hatte den Anschein, er stellte sich als ob er nach Lemnos ginge ; – ähnlich sein, gleichen, bes. im partic. praes. u. aor.; ἐείσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ, an Stimme glich er dem Polites, Il. 2.791, 20.81 ; in der Od. μέντορι εἰδομένη ἠμὲν δέμας ἠδὲ καὶ αὐδήν, eigtl. sich das Ansehen gebend, gleichend dem Mentor an Wuchs u. Sprache ; ἐειδόμενος ὄψιν, θεὸς ἀνέρι Pind. N. 10.15 ; P. 4.21 ; δαίμονα – εἰδομέναν τοκεῦσιν Aesch. Ag. 748 ; sp.D.; auch Her. φάσμα εἰδόμενον Ἀρίστωνι 6.69 ; vgl. 7.56.
2) in der Bedeutung wissen das perf. οἶδα mit Präsensbedeutung ; 2. Pers. gew., nach Möris attisch, οἶσθα, Hom. u. ion. auch οἶδας, Od. 1.337 u. Anacr. 13 ; οἶσθας aus Cratin. B.A. 1295, vgl. Pierson zu Möris p. 283 ; plur. ἴσμεν, Hom. ἴδμεν, auch οἴδαμεν, Antipho II α 3 ; vgl. über alle diese Formen die Gramm.; conj. εἰδῶ, auch ἰδέω, Il. 14.235 ; opt. εἰδείην ; imper. ἴσθι, ἴστω ; inf. εἰδέναι, Hom. ἴδμεναι u. ἴδμεν ; partic. εἰδώς, fem. ἰδυῖα, wie Bekker überall schreibt, Wolf nur in der Verbindung ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι ; plusqpf. als imperf. ᾔδειν, ion. ᾔδεα, att. ᾔδη, wozu ἠείδης Il. 22.280 u. ᾔδησθʼ Od. 19.93, ἠείδη 9.206, ἴσαν Il. 18.405, Od. 4.772 ; – fut. gew. εἴσομαι, vgl. Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 148, ep. auch εἰδήσω, Il. 1.546 ; εἰδησέμεν Od. 6.257 ; ὅπως εἰδήσομεν Arist. Magn. mor. 1.1. – Das perf. der Bdtg nach u. der aor. werden von γιγνώσκω genommen, doch steht der aor. εἰδῆσαι Arist. Magn. mor. 1.1, mit Präsensbdtg. – Eigentlich = ich habe gesehen, wahrgenommen, = ich weiß, verstehe, kenne ; τὸ γὰρ εἰδέναι τοῦτʼ ἐστί, λαβόντα του ἐπιστήμην ἔχειν καὶ μὴ ἀπολωλεκέναι Plat. Phaed. 75d ; Hom. u. Folgde. Bes. vom mittelbaren Wissen, Δελφῶν οἶδα ἀκούσας, ich weiß es aus der Erzählung der D., Her. 1.20 ; Dem. 4.24 ; ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν Thuc. 1.4 ; καὶ ὁρῶν καὶ ἀκούων οἶδα Xen. Cyr. 4.1.14, vgl. σύνοιδα. Hom. εὖ γὰρ ἐγὼ τόδε οἶδα κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν, Il. 4.163, u. öfter so verstärkt durch εὖ u. σάφα ; das partic. auch absolut, wissend, kundig, λέγω πρὸς εἰδότα Aesch. Suppl. 723 ; Ag. 1375 ; εἰδότας μὲν τοὺς θεοὺς καλούμεθα Ch. 199 ; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος Plat. Rep. I.337d ; sonst gew. mit dem acc., πλείονα οἶδα Il. 19.219 ; Hom. vbdt auch νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, er versteht sich auf kluge Anschläge, Od. 2.121, Il. 18.363 ; πολεμήϊα ἔργα 7.236 ; οὔτινα οἶδε θέμιστα 5.761, wie ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη, er verstand sich auf Ungerechtigkeit u. Frevel, war ein ruchloser Mensch, Od. 9.189 ; περὶ γὰρ φρεσὶν αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248 ; ὅμως δέ τοι ἤπια οἶδεν, er ist dir freundlich gesinnt, 13.405 ; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί, Einem Dank wissen, Il. 14.235 u. oft Folgde ; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν, freundschaftliche Gesinnungen gegen einander hegend, Od. 3.277. Hom. vbdt damit auch den gen., ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων II. 12.229 ; 15.412 ; bes. im part., τόξων εὖ εἰδώς, der sich wohl auf den Bogen versteht, wohl kundig des Bogens, 2.718 ; so θεοπροπίων 6.438, αἰχμῆς, θοίριδος ἀλκῆς 15.525, 527 u. ä.; Sp. auch περί τινος, Plat. Alc.I, 106d, Men. 85c. C. inf., οἶδʼ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδʼ ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν, er versteht es, Il. 7.238 ; τοι γὰρ τὸ λοιπὸν εἰσόμεσθα μὲν θεοῖς εἴκειν Soph. Aj. 651 ; ὃς οὐδὲν ᾔδει πλὴν τὸ προσταχθὲν ποιεῖν Phil. 998 ; συστενάζειν οἶδα γενναίως φίλοις Ion 935 ; ἵνʼ εἰδῇ μὴ πατεῖν τὰ τῶν θεῶν ψηφίσματα, damit er lerne, Ar. Vesp. 376. Bei sp.D. = im Stande sein, können. Antip.Th. 26 (aber VII.231 steht τελέθεις für τελέθειν). – Der Objektsatz wird entweder mit ὅτι, ὡς od. einer Fragepartikel ausgedrückt od. steht im partic., τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς, ich weiß, daß sie sind, Aesch. Ch. 232 ; ἴσθι τἀληθῆ κλύων, wisse, daß du die Wahrheit hörtest, Ag. 666 ; ἴσθι μοι δώσων ἄποινα 1655. So die andern Tragg., Ar. u. in Prosa ; οὐ γὰρ ᾔδεσαν αὐτὸν τεθνηκότα Xen. An. 1.10.16 ; ἴσθι μέντοι ἀνόητος ὤν 2.1.13 ; εἰδότες οὐκ ἂν ὁμοίως δυνηθέντες, daß sie nicht auf gleiche Weise im Stande sein würden, Thuc. 6.64. Selten der inf., εὖ γὰρ τόδʼ ἴσθι, μηδάμʼ ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον θανεῖν Aesch. Pers. 423 ; ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μʼ ἐρεῖν Eur. I.A. 1005. – Oft wird das subj. des abhängigen Satzes als obj. zu οἶδα gesetzt, τὴν παρθένον οὐκ οἶδα, οὗ γῆς εἰσέδυ, ich weiß nicht, wohin die Jungfrau ging, Eur. I.A. 1583 ; οἶδα κἀμαυτήν, ὅτι Soph. El. 324 ; ἐάν τινα καὶ εἰδῶσιν, ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι Plat. Prot. 323b ; οἶδα τὴν ἀλήθειαν, ὅπη ἔχει Rep. IX.581b ; καὶ γὰρ ᾔδει αὐτόν, ὅτι μέσον ἔχοι τοῦ στρατεύματος Xen. An. 1.8.21. – Aus dem häufigen parenthetischen Gebrauch von οἶδα, σάφʼ οἶδα, ἴσθι, sei versichert, u. ä., bei Tragg. u. in att. Prosa, dem sich οἶδα ὅτι als nachdrückliche Behauptung anschließt, vgl. Heindorf zu Plat. Gorg. 486b, ist οἶδʼ ὅτι ohne Verbum zu erkl., πάρειμιδʼ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν οἶδʼ ὅτι Soph. Ant. 276, das weiß ich wohl, eigtl. οἶδʼ ὅτι πάρειμι ; vgl. Eur. Phoen. 1659 ; οὔτʼ ἂν ὑμεῖς, εὖ οἶδʼ ὅτι, ἐπαύσασθε Dem. 6.29 ; vgl. Ar. Plut. 183 ; woraus sich auch πάντων εὖ οἶδʼ ὅτι φησάντων Dem. 9.1 erklärt ; vgl. ὧν εὖ οἶδʼ ὅτι κακῶν ὄντων Plat. Apol. 37b. – Beim imperat. haben es bes. die att. Dichter ; οἶσθʼ ὡς ποίησον, eigtl. ποίησον οἶσθʼ ὡς, machʼ es weißt du wie, weißt du was du tun mußt, Soph. O.R. 543 ; οἶσθʼ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον Eur. Heracl. 452 ; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω I.T. 1211. – Häufig ist ἴστω Ζεύς in Beteuerungen, das wisse Zeus, Zeus sei Zeuge, Hom. u. A.; dor. ἴττω, Ar. Ach. 860.

†εἴδω

[ϝιδ-. Cf. L. video.]

A
Aor. εἶδον (ἔϝιδον) Il. 19.292: Od. 10.194, Od. 11.281, 298, 576, Od. 24.445. ἴδον (ϝίδον) Il. 1.262, Il. 3.169, Il. 11.614, Il. 17.328, Il. 23.462, etc.: Od. 1.212, Od. 4.269, Od. 6.160, Od. 13.318, Od. 23.40, etc.

2 sing. εἶδες Od. 11.162. ἴδες Il. 20.205, Il. 22.236: Od. 11.371.

3 sing. εἶδε Il. 4.149, Il. 5.572, Il. 11.112, Il. 19.16, Il. 23.874, etc.: Od. 4.524, Od. 17.31. Il. 4.151, Il. 9.195, Il. 13.495, Il. 24.702, etc.: Od. 1.3, Od. 5.375, Od. 11.615, Od. 21.83, etc.

3 dual ἰδέτην Od. 2.152 (v.l. ἱκέτην).

1 pl. εἴδομεν Od. 9.182. ἴδομεν Od. 12.244.

3 pl. εἶδον Il. 5.515, Il. 7.308, Il. 21.207: Od. 10.453. ἴδον Il. 1.600, Il. 10.275, Il. 12.83, Il. 16.660, Il. 23.202, etc.: Od. 2.155, Od. 10.219, Od. 14.29, Od. 22.22, Od. 24.391, etc.
Subj. ἴδωμι Il. 18.63, Il. 22.450. ἴδω Il. 24.555: Od. 10.387, Od. 16.32.

2 sing. ἴδῃς Il. 4.205: Od. 15.76.

3 sing. ἴδῃ Il. 4.98, 195, Il. 24.337.

1 pl. ἴδωμεν Il. 10.97: Od. 21.112, 336.

2 pl. ἴδητε Il. 4.249: Od. 10.426.

3 pl. ἴδωσι Il. 19.174.

Opt. ἴδοιμι Il. 6.284: Od. 9.229, Od. 10.147.

2 sing. ἴδοις Il. 4.223, Il. 6.330: Od. 18.375, 379.

3 sing. ἴδοι Il. 2.198, Il. 4.232, Il. 24.583, etc.: Od. 6.113, Od. 24.491.

3 pl. ἴδοιεν Il. 12.268: Od. 18.246.
Imp. ἴδε Il. 17.179: Od. 8.443, Od. 22.233.

Pple. ἰδών, -οῦσα Il. 1.148, 537, Il. 3.224, Il. 13.184, Il. 15.12, Il. 24.320, etc.: Od. 3.438, Od. 4.43, Od. 6.199, Od. 7.224, Od. 17.215, Od. 24.90, etc.

Infin. ἰδέειν Il. 3.236, Il. 5.475, Il. 23.463, etc.: Od. 4.475, Od. 6.314, Od. 11.567, Od. 17.142, etc. ἰδεῖν Il. 8.453, etc.: Od. 11.143, etc.

3 sing. pa. iterative ἴδεσκε Il. 3.217.

Mid. Aor. ἰδόμην Il. 10.47: Od. 5.359, Od. 16.472, Od. 19.185.

3 sing. ἴδετο Od. 4.22.

3 pl. εἴδοντο Il. 3.154, Il. 8.251, Il. 16.278, Il. 17.724. ἴδοντο Il. 4.374, Il. 24.484: Od. 7.322, Od. 18.320.
Subj. ἴδωμαι Il. 1.262, Il. 6.365, Il. 21.61, etc.: Od. 6.126, Od. 13.215, Od. 23.83.

2 sing. ἴδηαι Il. 3.130, Il. 13.229, Il. 18.135, etc.: Od. 6.311, Od. 18.269, Od. 23.5. ἴδῃ Il. 1.203, Il. 3.163, Il. 13.449, Il. 15.32: Od. 11.94, Od. 15.432.

3 sing. ἴδηται Il. 2.237, Il. 17.93, Il. 19.151, etc.: Od. 4.412. Od. 17.9, Od. 21.159, etc.

1 pl. ἰδώμεθα Od. 10.44.

2 pl. ἴδησθε Il. 15.147: Od. 4.414, 421, Od. 8.307.

3 sing. opt. ἴδοιτο Il. 3.453, Il. 12.333, Il. 17.681, etc.: Od. 8.280, Od. 10.574, Od. 11.366.

3 pl. ἰδοίατο Il. 18.524: Od. 1.163, Od. 11.361.
Imp. pl. ἴδεσθε Il. 23.469.

Infin. ἰδέσθαι Il. 3.194, Il. 6.176, Il. 14.286, Il. 15.600, Il. 18.83, etc.: Od. 3.233, Od. 6.306, Od. 17.265, Od. 24.369, etc.
B
3 sing. pres. mid. εἴδεται Il. 1.228, Il. 8.559, Il. 13.98, Il. 14.472, Il. 24.197: Od. 9.11.

Pple. εἰδόμενος, -η Il. 2.280, Il. 3.122, Il. 5.462, Il. 13.69: Od. 1.105, Od. 2.268, 401, Od. 3.372, Od. 6.22, Od. 8.8, Od. 22.206, Od. 24.503, 548.

2 sing. aor. ἐείσαο Il. 9.645.

3 sing. ἐείσατο Od. 2.320, Od. 5.398, 442, Od. 7.281, 343, Od. 8.295, Od. 10.149. εἴσατο Il. 2.791, Il. 13.191 (reading χρώς. See below II.1) Il. 20.81, Il. 24.319: Od. 5.281, 283, Od. 8.283, Od. 13.352, Od. 19.283.

3 pl. εἴσαντο Il. 12.103.

3 sing. opt. εἴσαιτο Il. 2.215.

Pple. εἰσάμενος Il. 13.45, Il. 16.716, Il. 17.73, Il. 21.213, etc.: Od. 11.241.
With prothetic ἐ ἐεισάμενος Il. 2.22, Il. 16.720, Il. 17.326, 585, Il. 20.82.

Fem. εἰσαμένη Il. 5.785, Il. 17.555. ἐεισαμένη Il. 2.795, Il. 3.389: Od. 6.24.
C
Pf. οἶδα (ϝοῖδα) Il. 4.163, Il. 7.237, Il. 16.50, Il. 18.192, Il. 19.219, Il. 24.105, etc.: Od. 3.184, Od. 6.176, Od. 8.215, Od. 14.365, Od. 17.307, Od. 20.309, etc.

2 sing. οἶδας Od. 1.337.

2 sing. οἶσθα Il. 1.85, Il. 7.358, Il. 15.93, Il. 24.662, etc.: Od. 4.465, Od. 15.20, Od. 17.573, Od. 23.60, etc.

3 sing. οἶδε Il. 1.343, Il. 4.361, Il. 7.236, Il. 18.185, etc.: Od. 1.53, Od. 4.771, Od. 13.405, Od. 20.46, etc.

1 pl. ἴδμεν Il. 1.124, Il. 7.281, Il. 10.100, Il. 23.890, etc.: Od. 4.109, Od. 10.190, Od. 12.189, Od. 23.110, etc.

2 pl. ἴστε Il. 2.485, Il. 23.276: Od. 7.211, Od. 21.110.

3 pl. ἴσασι Il. 6.151, Il. 18.420, Il. 20.214: Od. 2.211, Od. 4.379, 468, Od. 13.239.

3 pl. ἴσασι Il. 9.36, Il. 23.312: Od. 2.283, Od. 8.559, Od. 11.122, Od. 24.188, etc.

Plupf. ᾔδεα Il. 8.366 (in form an aor., for ἐϝείδεσα), Il. 14.71: Od. 4.745, Od. 13.340.

2 sing. ᾔδησθα Od. 19.93. ἠείδης for ἐϝείδεας Il. 22.280.

3 sing. ᾔδεε Il. 2.409, Il. 17.402, Il. 18.404, etc.: Od. 23.29.

3 sing. ᾔδη Il. 1.70, Il. 5.64, Il. 13.355, Il. 20.466, etc.: Od. 2.16, Od. 3.146, Od. 14.433, Od. 23.220, etc. ἠείδη Od. 9.206.

3 pl. ἴσαν Il. 18.405: Od. 1.176, Od. 4.772, Od. 13.170, Od. 23.152.

Subj. εἰδέω Il. 1.515. εἰδῶ Od. 1.174, Od. 4.645, Od. 13.232, Od. 14.186, Od. 24.258, 297, 403. ἰδέω Il. 14.235: Od. 16.236.

2 sing. εἰδῇς Il. 1.185, Il. 6.150, Il. 20.213, Il. 21.487: Od. 2.111, Od. 7.317, Od. 11.442. ἰδῇς Od. 8.420: Od. 9.348, Od. 22.234.

3 sing. εἰδῇ Il. 15.207, 412, Il. 20.122, Il. 23.322: Od. 8.586, Od. 19.329, 332. ἰδῇ Il. 8.406.

1 pl. εἴδομεν Il. 1.363, Il. 13.327, Il. 16.19, Il. 22.130, 244: Od. 3.18.

2 pl. εἴδετε Il. 8.18, Il. 18.53: Od. 9.17.

3 pl. εἰδῶσι Od. 2.112.

2 sing. opt. εἰδείης Od. 5.206.

3 sing. εἰδείη Il. 12.229, Il. 16.73.

Imp. ἴσθι Od. 2.356, Od. 11.224.

3 sing. ἴστω Il. 7.411, Il. 15.36, Il. 19.258, etc.: Od. 5.184, Od. 14.158, Od. 16.302, etc.

Pple. εἰδώς, -υῖα Il. 1.385, Il. 2.823, 345, Il. 10.250, Il. 15.527, Il. 17.5, etc.: Od. 1.37, Od. 3.277, Od. 12.156, Od. 24.51, etc.

Fem. ἰδυῖα, -ης Il. 1.365, 608, Il. 9.128, Il. 18.380, 482, Il. 20.12, etc.: Od. 1.428, Od. 7.92, Od. 13.289, Od. 15.418, Od. 23.182, Od. 24.278, etc.

Infin. ἴδμεναι Il. 13.273: Od. 4.200, 493, Od. 12.154. ἴδμεν Il. 11.719: Od. 8.146, 213.

2 sing. fut. εἰδήσεις Od. 7.327.

Infin. εἰδησέμεν Od. 6.257. εἰδήσειν Il. 1.546.

Fut. in mid. form εἴσομαι Il. 8.532, Il. 14.8 (see III.1): Od. 19.501, Od. 22.7 (see III.10).
2 sing. εἴσεαι Il. 7.226, Il. 21.292: Od. 2.40, Od. 16.246, Od. 24.506.

3 sing. εἴσεται Il. 1.548, Il. 8.111, Il. 16.243. (δια-, εἰσαν-, εἰσ-, ἐκκατ-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, περίοιδα, προ-.)
I
In forms (A) in act. and mid.
- 1
  To discern with the eye, catch sight of, see, perceive, behold: τὼ ἰδών Il. 1.330. Cf. Il. 2.198, Il. 3.236, Il. 4.255, Il. 6.176, Il. 13.330, etc.: ὡς ξείνους ἴδον Od. 3.34. Cf. Od. 1.113, Od. 4.523, Od. 5.41, Od. 6.113, Od. 9.182, etc.
  
  Absol.: οὐδʼ ἠγνοίησεν ἰδοῦσα Il. 1.537. Cf. Il. 5.770, Il. 8.397, Il. 17.646, Il. 23.469, etc.: ὅθεν κέ τις οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο (app., which dazzle the (mind’s) eye, defy detection) Od. 11.366. Cf. Od. 3.373, Od. 5.74, Od. 21.122, Od. 23.40, etc.
- 2
  To look at, inspect, examine: τόξον Od. 21.405. Cf. Od. 13.215.
  
  To see to, look to: πῶμα Od. 8.443.
  
  So ἅρματος ἀμφὶς ἰδών Il. 2.384.
  
  Of a surgeon, to see (a patient) Il. 4.195, 205.
  
  To examine (a wound) Il. 4.217.
- 3
  With ε(ἰ)σάντα, to look at face to face, look in the face: ἔγνω ἐσάντα ἰδών Il. 17.334. Cf. Od. 5.217, Od. 11.143, Od. 15.532, Od. 16.458, Od. 17.239.
- 4
  To witness, see, look on or at: θέσκελα ἔργα Il. 3.130. Cf. Il. 1.203, Il. 13.344, Il. 17.179: Od. 8.307, Od. 22.233.
- 5
  To go to see, see, visit (a person): οἰκῆας ἄλοχόν τε Il. 6.365. Cf. Il. 18.63: Od. 4.162.
  
  To visit, inspect: μῆλα Il. 4.476. Cf. Il. 10.97: Od. 4.412, Od. 15.505.
  
  To see to, inspect: ἐπὶ ἔργα ἰδεῖν Od. 16.144.
- 6
  To see so as to gain knowledge or experience of: Φρύγας Il. 3.185. Cf. Il. 1.262, etc.: πολλῶν ἀνθρώπων ἄστεα Od. 1.3. Cf. Od. 4.269, Od. 6.160, etc.
  
  Sim.: νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od. 3.233 = Od. 5.220 = Od. 8.466, Od. 6.311.
  
  So ἧς οὔ τι χάριν ἴδεν (had no joy of her) Il. 11.243.
- 7
  With pple. expressing something observed in connexion with a person or thing: μή σε ἴδωμαι θεινομένην Il. 1.587. Cf. Il. 1.600, Il. 3.154, Il. 5.572, Il. 15.279, etc.: Od. 1.163, Od. 3.221, Od. 8.286, Od. 11.528, etc.
  
  Sim. with adj.: ὡς ἴδε χῶρον ἐρῆμον Il. 10.520. Cf. Il. 17.652: Od. 24.371.
  
  So οἷον Od. 4.421.
  
  With adj. and pple.: ζωόν τε καὶ ἀρτεμέα προσιόντα Il. 5.515 = Il. 7.308.
- 8
  To see, find out, discover.
  With dependent clause: αἴ κεν . . . Il. 4.249. Cf. Il. 5.221 = Il. 8.105, Il. 8.251, 376, Il. 19.144, Il. 21.61, Il. 22.450: ὅττι τάδʼ ἐστίν Od. 10.44. Cf. Od. 22.234, Od. 24.491.
  
  With acc. and clause: ἴδοις κέ με, εἰ . . . Od. 18.375.
  
  Absol.: ὄφρα ἴδωμεν Od. 21.112, 336. Cf. Od. 6.126, Od. 21.159.
  
  To see or find out to one’s cost.
  With clause: οἷος Ζηνὸς γόνος ἐνθάδʼ ἱκάνω Il. 13.449. Cf. Il. 2.237, Il. 15.32.
  
  To see or know of something happening.
  With infin.: οὔ πω ἰδόμην οὐδʼ ἔκλυον ἄνδρʼ ἕνα τοσσάδε μητίσασθαι Il. 10.47.
- 9
  To direct one’s eyes, look, glance: ὑπόδρα Il. 1.148, εἰς οὐρανόν Il. 3.364. Cf. Il. 2.271, Il. 6.404, Il. 17.167, Il. 23.143, etc.: Od. 2.152, Od. 8.165, Od. 12.244, Od. 16.477, Od. 17.304, etc.
  
  Sim.: ἔμοιγε εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι Il. 9.373. Cf. Il. 15.147: Od. 23.107.
- 10
  The aor. infin. used epexegetically: θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι Il. 5.725, νέκυν σαῶσαι ᾗ ἀλόχῳ ἰδέειν Il. 24.36. Cf. Il. 3.194, Il. 10.439, Il. 18.83, 212, 377: Od. 5.217, Od. 6.306, Od. 7.45, Od. 8.20, 366, Od. 9.143, Od. 13.108, Od. 17.265, Od. 18.195, Od. 19.380, Od. 22.405, Od. 24.369, 374.
II
In forms (B)
- 1
  To be seen, appear, come into view: εἴδεται ἄστρα Il. 8.559, οὔ πῃ χρὼς εἴσατο Il. 13.191 (for the sense with v.l. χροός see ἵημι2 5). Cf. Il. 24.319: τῇ οἱ (μοι) ἐείσατο χῶρος ἄριστος Od. 5.442, Od. 7.281 (app. tinged with the notion of seeming, where there seemed to be . . .). Cf. Od. 5.281, 283, 398, Od. 10.149, Od. 13.352.
  
  So εἴδεται ἦμαρ δαμῆναι Il. 13.98.
- 2
  To seem, appear.
  With infin.: τό τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι Il. 1.228, γελοίϊον ἔμμεναι Il. 2.215. Cf. Il. 9.645, Il. 12.103: Od. 9.11.
  
  With adj. without infin.: οὔ μοι κακὸς εἴδεται Il. 14.472. Cf. Od. 19.283.
  
  Impers. with infin.: τί τοι εἴδεται εἶναι; Il. 24.197. Cf. Od. 2.320.
  
  With adj. without infin.: ἀσπαστὸν ἐείσατο κοιμηθῆναι Od. 7.343, Od. 8.295.
- 3
  To make a show of doing something.
  With infin.: εἴσατʼ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον Od. 8.283.
- 4
  To make oneself like.
  With dat.: τῷ ἐεισάμενος Il. 2.22, εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ (in voice) 791. Cf. Il. 2.795, Il. 5.785, Il. 13.45, Il. 21.213, etc.: Od. 6.24, Od. 11.241.
- 5
  To be like, resemble.
  
  With dat.: εἰδομένη κήρυκι in the likeness of . . . Il. 2.280 . Cf. Il. 3.122, Il. 5.462, Il. 13.69: Od. 1.105, Od. 2.268 = 401 = Od. 22.206 = Od. 24.503 = 548, Od. 3.372, Od. 6.22, Od. 8.8.
III
In forms (C)
- 1
  To have cognizance of, be apprised of, know about: ὃς ᾔδη τὰ ἐόντα Il. 1.70, θεοπρόπιον ὅ τι οἶσθα 85. Cf. Il. 2.38, 486, Il. 5.64, Il. 6.150, Il. 13.355, etc.: οἶδε δίκας ἄλλων Od. 3.244, εἰδότα πολλά with my knowledge of the world Od. 9.281 . Cf. Od. 2.16, Od. 4.745, Od. 8.559, Od. 12.154, Od. 16.246, etc.
  
  So εἰδὼς κῆρʼ ὀλοήν Il. 13.665 the doom before him, ἠείδης τὸν ἐμὸν μόρον Il. 22.280 had knowledge that I was doomed: οὐ εἰδότʼ ὄλεθρον (not suspecting) Od. 4.534. Cf. Od. 1.37, Od. 2.283.
  
  With prep.: περὶ κείνου Od. 17.363.
  
  To be (sufficiently) informed as to: τούτους Od. 4.551.
  
  Absol.: ἵνα εἴδομεν ἄμφω Il. 1.363, οἶσθα 365, τάχα εἴσομαι Il. 14.8 (or the word may be referred to ἵημι2 4). Cf. Il. 1.385, Il. 9.345, Il. 18.404, Il. 24.105, etc.: Od. 1.174, 216, Od. 4.200, Od. 17.153, etc.
- 2
  To make the acquaintance of: Φαιήκων ὅσσοι ἄριστοι Od. 6.257. Cf. Od. 8.213.
  
  To be acquainted or familiar with: θαλάσσης βένθεα Od. 1.53, Od. 4.386, ἴσαν ἡμέτερον δῶ Od. 1.176 (or the word may be referred to εἶμι 6a). Cf. Od. 6.176, Od. 7.25, Od. 8.560, Od. 13.239.
  
  Absol.: πρὶν εἰδότες Od. 13.113.
  
  To know the character of: ἑκάστην Od. 19.501.
- 3
  To know so as to have skill in: μαντοσύνας Il. 2.832 = Il. 11.330, ἔργα Il. 18.420.
  
  Cf. Il. 3.202, Il. 7.236, 237, Il. 9.128, 270, Il. 11.719, Il. 19.245, Il. 23.263: Od. 1.337, Od. 8.134, 146, Od. 13.289 = Od. 16.158, Od. 15.418, Od. 24.278.
  
  To be acquainted with, know the use of: νέας Od. 11.124 = Od. 23.271.
  
  To know the properties of: φάρμακα Il. 11.741.
- 4
  To know of the existence of know of: ξυνήϊα Il. 1.124. Cf. Il. 19.115: Od. 9.206, Od. 11.122, Od. 23.269.
- 5
  To feel, be influenced by: νέμεσιν Il. 6.351.
- 6
  To bear in mind: ταῦτα πάντα Od. 11.224.
- 7
  In imp. in oaths and adjurations: ὅρκια Ζεὺς ἴστω Il. 7.411, ἴστω τόδε γαῖα Il. 15.36. Cf. Il. 10.329, Il. 19.258: Od. 5.184, Od. 14.158 = Od. 17.155 = Od. 20.230, Od. 19.303.
- 8
  With genit., to know about: πένθεος Il. 11.657, ἄλλου δʼ οὔ τευ οἶδα τεῦ . . . Il. 18.192 I do not know as to anyone whether . . . (with abrupt change to the direct interrogative): κείνων Od. 3.184 (or the genit. may be taken as depending on οἵ τε . . . οἵ τε ).
  
  to have experience or skill in. τόξων Il. 2.718, τόκοιο Il. 17.5. Cf. Il. 2.823, Il. 4.310, Il. 6.438, Il. 11.710, Il. 15.412, Il. 23.665, etc.: Od. 1.202, Od. 4.818, Od. 5.250.
  
  With complementary infin.: τόξων εἰδότες μάχεσθαι Il. 2.720.
  
  Absol.: φαρμακα εἰδὼς πάσσεν (skilfully) Il. 4.218.
  
  The pf. pple. adjectivally: ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσιν (knowing, skilful) Il. 1.608, Il. 18.380, 482, Il. 20.12: Od. 7.92.
- 9
  To know how to do something, to have skill or facility in doing it.
  With infin.: οὐδέ τι οἶδε νοῆσαι Il. 1.343, οἶδα νωμῆσαι βῶν Il. 7.238. Cf. Il. 7.240, 241, 358 = Il. 12.232, Il. 15.632, 679, Il. 20.201 = 432, Il. 23.309, 312: Od. 8.215.
- 10
  With pple. expressing something known: Πάτροκλον τεθνηότα Il. 17.402. Cf. Od. 7.211, Od. 23.29, Od. 24.404.
  
  With dependent clause: ὅσσον . . . Il. 1.515, εἰ . . . Il. 5.183. Cf. Il. 2.192, Il. 4.360, Il. 8.32, 532, Il. 10.100, Il. 14.71, Il. 15.204, Il. 20.434, etc.: Od. 2.332, Od. 3.18, Od. 4.109, 712, 771, Od. 8.28, Od. 16.424, Od. 17.78, etc.
  
  With acc. and clause: ᾔδεε γὰρ ἀδελφεὸν ὡς ἐπονεῖτο Il. 2.409: σκοπὸν ἄλλον εἴσομαι, αἴ κε τύχωμι (whether . . .) Od. 22.7 (or the word may be referred to ἵημι2 1). Cf. Od. 4.772 = Od. 13.170 = Od. 23.152, Od. 14.365, Od. 17.373.
  
  So τό γε, ὁπποτέρῳ . . . Il. 3.308. Cf. Il. 5.406, Il. 19.421, Il. 20.466: τόδε, μὴ . . . Od. 24.506. Cf. Od. 3.146, Od. 13.314, Od. 14.119, etc.
- 11
  To know to one’s cost.
  With clause: ὅσσον φέρτερός εἰμι Il. 1.185. Cf. Il. 7.226, Il. 8.111, 406, Il. 16.243, Il. 21.487.
- 12
  To have (in one’s mind), be endowed with: ἔπεα φρεσὶ ᾗσιν ᾔδη Il. 2.213. Cf. Od. 11.445.
  
  So without φρεσίν: πεπνυμένα μήδεα εἰδώς Il. 7.278. Cf. Il. 3.202, Il. 18.363, Il. 23.322, 709, Il. 24.88: Od. 2.38, 88, 122, Od. 4.696, 711, Od. 5.182, Od. 6.12, Od. 8.586, Od. 13.296, Od. 19.286, Od. 20.46, Od. 22.361, Od. 24.442.
  
  Of character, disposition or mood: ἄγρια. See ἄγριος 5.–ἀθεμίστια. See ἀθεμίστιος 2.–αἴσιμα. See αἴσιμος 2.–ἀμύμονα. See ἀμύμων 3.–ἀπατήλια. See ἀπατήλιος.–ἀπηνέα. See ἀπηνής 1.–ἄρτια. See ἄρτιος.–δίκας, θέμιστας. See δίκη 2.–ἤπια, ἤπια δήνεα. See ἤπιος 1.–θέμιστα. See θέμις 1.–κεδνά. See κεδνός 3.–λυγρά. See λυγρός 3.–ὀλοφώϊα. See ὀλοφώϊος.–φίλα, φίλα μήδεα. See φίλος 5.c.–κεχαρισμένα. See χαρίζομαι 2.b.
- 13
  ἴδμεναι χάριν, to owe thanks, feel indebted: ἰδέω τοι χάριν Il. 14.235.

εἴδω (root ϝιδ): an assumed pres., answering to the tenses enumerated below, meaning (I) see, seem, and (II) know. —I. (1) see, look, aor. 2 εἶδον, ἴδον, subj. ἴδω, ἴδωμι, opt. ἴδοιμι, imp. ἴδε, inf. ἰδεῖν, ἰδέειν, part. ἰδών, mid. aor. 2 ἰδόμην, ἴδοντο, εἴδοντο, subj. ἴδωμαι, opt. ἴδοιτο, imp. ἴδεσθε, inf. ἰδέσθαι.—(2) seem, appear, be like, pres. εἴδεται, part. εἰδόμενος, aor. 1 2 sing. ἐείσαο, 3 sing. ἐείσατο, εἴσατο, opt. εἴσαιτο, part. εἰσάμενος, ἐεισάμενος. The meanings need no special illustration; a difference between act. and mid. of signif. see is not to be sought. Metaph., ὄφρα ϝίδωμαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἠδὲ δαείω, Il. 21.71. Denoting resemblance, εἴσατο δὲ φθογγὴν υἷι Πριάμοιο Πολίτῃ, Il. 2.791, etc.—II. know, perf. οἶδα, οἶσθα (οἶδας), ἴδμεν, ἴστε, ἴσᾱσ(ι), subj. εἰδῶ, εἰδέω, εἴδομεν, εἴδετε, εἰδῶσι, opt. εἰδείην, imp. ἴσθ(ι), ἴστω, inf. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, ἰδυῖα, plup. ἤδε(α), ἠείδης and ᾔδησθα, ᾔδη and ῄδεε(ν) and ἠείδη, 3 pl. εἴσαν, fut. εἴσομαι, εἰδήσω, inf. εἰδήσειν, εἰδησέμεν: The meaning know comes as the result of have seen (cf. nosco, novi); with acc. οἶδα may mean ‘be skilled in,’ and w. inf. ‘know how,’ see esp. Il. 7.237-241; special phrase, χάριν εἰδέναι, ‘be grateful,’ ‘thankful’; another special signif., peculiar to Homer, is when the word denotes disposition or character, turn of mind; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισι, Od. 3.277; ἤπια εἰδέναι, so αἴσιμα, ἄρτια, ἀθεμίστια ϝειδώς, ‘a lawless spirit,’ Od. 9.189.

Menu

Word wheel

εἴδω

Saved

Recent