ἀπόλλυμι

ἀπόλλῡμι or ἀπολλύω (Th. 4.25, Pl. R. 608e, Arist. Pol. 1297a12, but f.l. in Men. 580; the form is rejected by Phryn. PS p.10 B., Moer. 12), impf. ἀπώλλυν A. Pers. 652 (lyr.), S. El. 1360, ἀπώλλυον And. 1.58: fut. ἀπολέσω, Ep. ἀπολέσσω, Att. ἀπολῶ, Ion. ἀπολέω Hdt. 1.34, al.: aor. ἀπώλεσα, Ep. ἀπόλεσσα: pf. ἀπολώλεκα:—freq. in tmesi in Ep.; Prep. postponed in Od. 9.534:—

• stronger form of ὄλλυμι, destroy utterly, kill, in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν Il. 5.758, al.; ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν ib. 1.268; also of things, demolish, lay waste, ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν ib. 5.648, etc.; generally, βίοτον δʼ ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει will waste my substance, Od. 2.49; οἵ μʼ ἀπωλλύτην sought to destroy me (impf. sense), S. OT 1454; in pregnant sense, ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε drove me ruined from . ., E. Hec. 946; τῆς παρʼ ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ. for the sake of . ., D. 8.70.
• • • 2 λόγοις or λέγων ἀ. τινά talk or bore one to death, S. El. 1360, Ar. Nu. 892 (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με Id. Ach. 470; οἴμʼ ὡς ἀπολεῖς με Pherecr. 108.20; ἀπολεῖ μʼ οὑτοσί by his questions, Antiph. 222.8, etc.
    • 3 ruin a woman, Lys. 1.8.
  • II lose, πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα Od. 2.46, cf. Il. 18.82, Democr. 272; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od. 1.354; ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι lose oneʼs life, Il. 16.861, Od. 12.350; θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν loses not his spirit, S. El. 26; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν Il. 24.44; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι Democr. 224; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι Th. 7.51; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν X. An. 3.4.11, cf. 7.2.22; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου Pl. Tht. 155c; ἀ. οὐσίαν, = ἀπόλλυσθαι, Id. Prm. 163d.
• B Med., ἀπόλλῠμαι: fut. -ολοῦμαι, Ion. -ολέομαι Hdt. 7.218: aor. 2 -ωλόμην: pf. -όλωλα, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο Ar. Th. 1212: plpf. in Att. Prose sts. written ἀπωλώλειν in codd., as Th. 4.133, 7.27:—perish, die, Il. 1.117, etc.; cease to exist, opp. γίγνεσθαι, Meliss. 8, Pl. Prm. 156b, etc.: sts. c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον Od. 1.166; ἀπωλόμεθʼ αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον ib. 9.303: c. dat. modi, ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ (v.l. λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον) ib. 3.87; ἀ. ὑπό τινος Hdt. 5.126; simply, to be undone, αὐτῶν . . ἀπωλόμεθʼ ἀφραδίῃσιν Od. 10.27; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή . . X. Cyr. 6.1.2: freq. in Att., esp. in pf., ἀπόλωλας you are lost, Ar. Nu. 1077; ἀπωλόμεθʼ ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. Apophth.reg. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα Ar. Pax 355; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός Philostr.Jun. Im. 2:—as an imprecation, κάκιστʼ ἀπολοίμην εἰ. . Ar. Ach. 151, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθʼ ὅστις. . Eub. 116; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθʼ ὅστις. . Men. 154; ἀπολλύμενος, opp. σῳζόμενος, Isoc. 6.36, cf. Plu. Tranq. 2.469d: freq. in part. fut., κάκιστʼ ἀπολούμενε o destined to a miserable end! i.e. o thou villain, scoundrel, knave! Ar. Pl. 713, cf. 456, Ach. 865, Pax 2; ὁ κάκιστʼ ἀνέμων ἀ. Luc. DDeor. 16[14].2.
• • • 2 in NT, perish, in theol. sense, Ev.Jo. 3.16, al.; οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, opp. οἱ σῳζόμενοι, 1 Ep.Cor. 1.18.
  • II to be lost, ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετʼ (of the water eluding Tantalus) Od. 11.586; οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται never falls untimely, ib. 7.117; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν Il. 10.186; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν X. Smp. 1.15; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον Antipho Soph. 54; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι LXX 1 Ki. 9.3.

ἀπόλλυμι, (ὄλλυμι), auch ἀπολλύω bes. Sp.; ἀπολλύον, partic., Plat. Rep. X.608e ; ἀπολλύουσι, von Möris als unattisch verworfen, Xen. Cyr. 4.5.20 ; ἀπολλύειν Dem. 42.25 ; fut. ἀπολέσσω, Hom. in tmesi, Il. 12.250 ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσεις, att. ἀπολῶ ; aor. ἀπώλεσα, Hom. Il. 18.82, ἀπόλεσσαν 1.268 ; perf. ἀπολώλεκα. – Med. ἀπόλλυμαι ; ἀπόλλυται Hom. Od. 7.117, ἀπολλυμένους Il. 7.27 ; fut. ἀπολοῦμαι ; aor. ἀπωλόμην ; ἀπολέσκετο Od. 11.586 ; perf. ἀπόλωλα, Il. 15.129, in tmesi 10.186 ; plusqu. ἀπολώλειν u. ἀπωλώλειν, die Lesart schwankt, Thuc. 4.133 ; in tmesi Il. 10.187. Bei Hom. wird die Präposition oft vom Verbum getrennt, auch nachgesetzt, Od. 9.534, 11.114, 12.141, 13.340, 2.174.
1) vernichten, zu Grunde richten, töten, Ἴλιον ἀπώλεσεν Il. 5.648 ; so bei allen Folgdn ; οἱ ἀπολλύντες, die Mörder, Soph. El. 1397 ; ἀπολῶ σε λέγων, ich werde dich mit Reden tot machen, Ar. Nub. 891 ; ἀπολεῖς με, du machst mich tot, Ach. 469 u. oft ; in Prosa selten töten, gew. verderben, u., bes. im aor., verlieren ; so schon Hom., πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα Od. 2.46 ; νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od. 1.354 ; häufig ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὄλεσσε, er verlor (gewaltsam, durch einen Andern) das Leben ; Il. 5.852 μεμαὼς ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι, (einem Anderen) das Leben zu rauben, v.l. ἑλέσθαι ; Soph. El. 26 ; ἔλεον Il. 24.44 ; dem λαμβάνειν u. ἔχειν entgeggstzt, Plat. Parm. 163d, Phaed. 75d ; τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπώλεσεν ὑπὸ τῶν Μήδων, durch die Meder, Legg. III.695b ; Xen. An. 3.4.11 ; μνήμην Plat. Phil. 34b ; ὅπλα Legg. IV.706c, wegwerfen.
2) Med. u. perf. II.ἀπόλωλα, untergehen, zu Grunde gehen, durch fremde, gewaltsame Einwirkung, von Hom. an sehr häufig, umkommen, sterben, ὄλεθρον Od. 9.303, μόρον 1.166 ; vgl. ἀπʼ αἰῶνος ὀλέσθαι Il. 24.725 ; sonst ὀλέθρῳ, u. ähnl., φόβῳ Xen. Cyr. 6.1.2 ; ὑπό τινος 7.1.41 ; Plat. Rep. IX.578e ; dem γίγνεσθαι oft entgeggstzt bei Plat., z.B. Parm. 156b, Crat. 50b ; übh. verloren gehen, ὕδωρ, das Wasser verschwand, Od. 11.586 ; καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται, neben ἀπολείπει, 7.117 ; – ἀπόλωλα, ich bin verloren, es ist aus mit mir, Soph. Phil. 732 u. öfter ; Xen. Cyr. 1.3.9 ; ἀπόλωλα τὠφθαλμώ Ar. Ach. 991 ; häufig sind die Verwünschungsformeln : κακῶς, κάκιστα ἀπολοίμην, ἀπόλοιτο, bes. Ar., vgl. Ach. 151, 888 ; Eubul. Ath. XIII.559b. – Dion.Hal. 9.40 vrbdt τὴν παρθενίαν ἀπόλωλε, vielleicht in Beziehung auf ihre Jungfrauenschaft, oder zu ändern in ἀπολώλεκε, vgl. aber Lobeck Phryn. 528.

ἀπόλλυμι

[ἀπ-, ἀπο- 7.]

• A

  Aor. ἀπώλεσα Il. 18.82: Od. 2.46, Od. 4.95, 724, 814.

  3 sing. -ε Il. 5.648, 758, Il. 18.460, Il. 24.44, 260: Od. 1.354, Od. 9.265.

  3 pl. -αν Il. 23.280. ἀπόλεσσαν Il. 1.268.

• B

  3 sing. pf. ἀπόλωλε Il. 15.129: Od. 1.166, Od. 4.62, 511, Od. 14.137, Od. 19.85.

  Mid. 3 sing. pa. iterative ἀπολέσκετο Od. 11.586.

  2 sing. aor. ἀπώλεο Od. 11.556.

  3 sing. -ετο Il. 6.223: Od. 1.413, Od. 3.87, Od. 17.253.

  1 pl. -όμεθα Od. 9.303, Od. 10.27, Od. 11.438, Od. 24.186.

  3 pl. ἀπόλοντο Il. 2.162, 178: Od. 3.185, Od. 4.497, Od. 11.384.

  3 sing. subj. ἀπόληται Od. 2.333.

  3 pl. -ωνται Il. 21.459.

  Opt. ἀπολοίμην Il. 22.304: Od. 17.426.

  3 sing. -οιτο Il. 5.311, 388, Il. 6.170, Il. 14.142, Il. 18.107: Od. 1.47.

  3 pl. -οίατο Od. 9.554.

  3 sing. imp. ἀπολέσθω Il. 17.227.

  Infin. ἀπολέσθαι Il. 1.117, Il. 3.40, Il. 7.390, Il. 8.246, etc.: Od. 3.234, Od. 5.347, Od. 8.511, 563.

• I

  In aor. act.

• • 1
  • • a

      To destroy, kill, slay Il. 1.268, Il. 5.758, Il. 24.260.

    • b

      To destroy, lay waste (a city) Il. 5.648.

  • 2
  • • a

      To lose, be deprived of : Πάτροκλον Il. 18.82. Cf. Il. 23.280: νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od. 1.354. Cf. Od. 2.46, Od. 4.724 = 814.

    • b

      To incur the loss of under one’s leadership, lose, throw away: λαοὺς πολλούς Od. 9.265.

      To lose to the foe: θώρηκα Il. 18.460.

    • c

      To incur the laying waste of: οἶκον Od. 4.95.

    • d

      To lose sense of, put out of one’s heart: ἔλεον Il. 24.44.

• II

  In pf. act. and in mid. and pas.

• • 1

    To be destroyed, perish, die: πολλοὶ ἀπόλοντο Il. 2.162 = 178. Cf. Il. 1.117, Il. 3.40, Il. 5.311, 388, Il. 6.170, 223, Il. 7.27, 390, Il. 8.246, Il. 12.70 = Il. 13.227 = Il. 14.70, Il. 12.246, Il. 14.142, Il. 15.502, 511, Il. 17.227, Il. 21.459, Il. 22.304, 474, Il. 23.81: οὐ γένος ἀπόλωλεν Od. 4.62. Cf. Od. 1.47, Od. 2.333, Od. 3.185, 234, Od. 4.497, 511, Od. 5.347, Od. 8.511, 563, Od. 9.554, Od. 11.384, 438, 556, Od. 14.137, Od. 19.85, Od. 24.186.

    With cognate acc.: ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον Od. 1.166. Cf. Od. 3.87, Od. 9.303.

    To be undone Od. 10.27, Od. 17.426.

  • 2

    Of inanimate objects, to be destroyed: ἀπολέσθαι νῆας Il. 9.230. Cf. Od. 9.554.

    Of water, to vanish away, elude one Od. 11.586.

  • 3

    Of mental faculties, to perish, disappear: νόος ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς Il. 15.129.

    So of abstractions: ὡς ἔρις ἀπόλοιτο Il. 18.107. Cf. Od. 1.413, Od. 17.253.

  • 4

    Of fruit, to perish (untimely): οὔ ποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται Od. 7.117.

ἀπόλλυμι , fut. ἀπολέσσω, aor. ἀπώλεσα, mid. ἀπόλλυμαι, ἀπολλύμενος, fut. inf. ἀπολεῖσθαι, aor. 2 ἀπωλόμην, ἀπόλοντο, iter. ἀπολέσκετο, opt. 3 pl. ἀπολοίατο, perf. 2 ἀπόλωλεν: I. act., lose, destroy; πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα, Od. 2.46; οὐ γὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς οἶος ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμας, Od. 1.354; κεῖνος ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἷρήν, Il. 5.648; ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν (φῆρας), Il. 1.268.—II. mid., be lost, perish; freq. as imprecation, ἀπόλοιτο, Il. 18.107, Od. 1.47.

ἀπόλλυμι

• • Ito destroy utterly, kill, slay, and of things, to destroy, demolish, waste, Hom., Attic; in pregnant sense, γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπ. to drive me ruined from my fatherland, Eur.; λόγοις ἀπ. τινά Soph.:— to talk or bore one to death, Ar.
  • IIto lose utterly, πατέρα, νόστιμον ἦμαρ Hom.
• BMid. ἀπόλλυμαι, fut. -ολοῦμαι, Ionic -ολέομαι with part. ἀπολεύμενος: aor2 -ωλόμην: perf. -όλωλα: plup. ἀπολώλειν:— to perish utterly, die, Il.; c. acc. cogn., ἀπ. κακὸν μόρον, αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον Od.; to be undone, Od.; ἀπόλωλας you are done for, lost, ruined, Ar.; as an imprecation, κάκιστʼ ἀπολοίμην Ar.; in fut. part., ὦ κάκιστʼ ἀπολούμενε oh destined to a miserable end! i. e. oh villain, scoundrel! Ar.
• • IIto be lost, slip away, vanish, of the water eluding Tantalus, Od.; of sleep, Il.