ἐρύω

ἐρύω (A), Il. 4.467, al., Ion. εἰρύω, Dor. ϝερύω (v. infr.): Ep. inf. εἰρύμεναι [ῠ] Hes. Op. 818: impf. εἴρυον Mosch. 2.14, ἔρυον Il. 12.258, ἐρύεσκον Nonn. D. 43.50: fut. ἐρύω Il. 11.454, al., ἐρύσω Opp. H. 5.375; Ep. ἐρύσσω Orph. L. 35, Nonn. D. 17.183: aor. εἴρῠσα Od. 2.389, Hdt. 2.136 (in Hdt. εἴρυσα takes the place of εἵλκυσα), ἔρῠσα Il. 5.573; εἴρυσσα 3.373, Od. 8.85; lengthd. ἐρύσασκε (ἐξ-) Il. 10.490; imper. εἴρυσον S. Tr. 1033 (hex.), Dor. ϝερυσάτω (dub. sens.) BCH 50.15 (Delphi, iv B.C.); subj. ἐρύσω Il. 17.230, εἰρύσω Hp. Morb. 2.8, etc.; 2 sg. ἐρύσσῃς Il. 5.110; Ep. 1 pl. ἐρύσσομεν (for -ωμεν) 14.76, 17.635; opt. ἐρύσαιμι 8.21, εἰρύσαιμι Timo 59; inf. ἐρύσαι, ἐρύσσαι, Il. 17.419, 8.23, εἰρύσαι Hp. Morb. 1.29, (δι-, ἐξ-) Hdt. 7.24, 1.141; part. ἐρύσας Il. 23.21, ἐρύσαις Pi. N. 7.67, εἰρύσας Hdt. 4.10, ἐρύσσας A.R. 3.913.—

• Ion., Dor., and poet. Verb:—drag, draw, implying force or violence, νῆα..εἰς ἅλα, ἅλαδε, ἤπειρόνδε, Il. 1.141, Od. 2.389, 10.423; ἐπʼ ἠπείροιο on land, 16.325, 359; [δόρυ] ἐ. ἐπʼ ἄκρης, of the Trojan horse, 8.508; freq. of the dead, νεκρόν, νεκροὺς ἐ., of the friends, drag them away, rescue them, Il. 5.573, 16.781; of the enemy, drag them off for plunder, ransom, etc., 4.467, al.; τρὶς ἐρύσας περὶ σῆμα (sc. Ἕκτορα) 24.16; of dogs and birds of prey, drag and tear, οἰωνοὶ ὠμησταὶ ἐρύουσι 11.454, etc.; drag away, carry off violently, Od. 9.99: c. gen. partit., διὰ δώματʼ ἐ...ἢ ποδὸς ἢ καὶ χειρός 17.479; ἐ. τινὰ κουρίξ by the hair, 22.187; also, pull down, tear away, κρόσσας μὲν πύργων ἔρυον Il. 12.258, cf. 14.35.
• • • 2 simply, draw, pull, δόρυ ἐξ ὠτειλῆς 16.863; φάρμακον ἐκ γαίης Od. 10.303; ἐξ οὐρανόθεν πεδίονδε Ζῆνʼ Il. 8.21; κίονʼ ἀνʼ ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι Od. 22.176; φᾶρος..κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε drew it over his head, 8.85; ἄλλον μὲν χλαίνης ἐρύων, ἄλλον δὲ χιτῶνος pulling or plucking him by.., Il. 22.493; νευρὴν ἐπὶ τῷ ἐ. drawing the bowstring at him, 15.464; ἐ. τόξον Hdt. 3.30, 4.10; εἴρυσον ἔγχος draw thy sword, S. Tr. 1033 (hex.); attract, absorb, [ὑγρόν] Hp. Loc.Hom. 14: c. gen. partit., τῆς χολῆς Id. Morb. 1.29; ἐπί τινι κλῆρον ἐ. draw lots for.., Call. Jov. 62; ἐκ ποδὸς ἐ. to put aside, Pi. N. 7.67; ὅππῃ ἐμὸν νόον εἰρύσαιμι Timo l.c.; also πλίνθους εἰρύσαι make bricks, Hdt. 2.136.
• BMed. ἐρύομαι, Ion. εἰρύομαι [ῠ], fut. inf. ἐρύεσθαι Il. 14.422, al., ἐρύσσεσθαι v.l. in Od. 21.125, Il. 21.176: aor. 1 εἰρύσσατο 22.306, ἐρύσαντο 1.466, etc.; subj. ἐρύσωμαι A.R. 1.1204; opt. ἐρύσαιο, -αίατο, Il. 5.456, 298; inf. ἐρύσασθαι 22.351; part. ἐρυσσάμενος 1.190, εἰρυσάμενος (ἐπ-) Hdt. 4.8:—
• draw for oneself, ἐρυσαίμεθα νῆας launch us ships, Il. 14.79; [ἵππον] ἐς ἀκρόπολιν ἐ. Od. 8.504; ξίφος, ἄορ, μάχαιραν ἐρύεσθαι, draw oneʼs sword, Il. 4.530, 21.173, 3.271; ἄορ ἐκ κολεοῖο Theoc. 22.191; δόρυ ἐξ ὠτειλῆς εἰρυσάμην Od. 10.165; of meat on the spit, ἐρύσαντό τε πάντα they drew all off, Il. 1.466, etc.; ἐρύσσασθαι μενεαίνων in his anxiety to draw [the bow], Od. 21.125; βύρσαν θηρὸς ἀπὸ μελέων Theoc. 25.273; simply, wrench, ὅταν ἱστὸν ἀνέμοιο κατάϊξ..ὑπὲκ προτόνων ἐρύσηται A.R. 1.1204.
• • • 2 of captives, χρυσῷ ἐρύσασθαι weigh against gold (cf. ἕλκω): hence, ransom, Il. 22.351 (cf. ἀντερύομαι).
    • 3 draw towards oneself, ἕθεν ἆσσον ἐρύσσατο Od. 19.481.
    • • b assimilate, retain, γονήν, τροφήν, Hp. Mul. 2.166, 171.
  • II draw out of the press, ἐρύσασθαί τινα μάχης Il. 5.456; esp. of friends dragging away the body of a slain hero, οὐδέ κε..ἐκ βελέων ἐρύσαντο νέκυν 18.152; of enemies, 14.422, 17.161: c. dat., in spite of, from, 5.298, 17.104.
• CPass., pf. εἴρῡμαι, plpf. 3 pl. εἰρύατο [ῡ Il. 14.30, al., ῠ 4.248], εἴρυντο (v. infr.): aor. ἐρύσθην or εἰρ-, Hp. Epid. 5.47, Mul. 1.36:—
• to be drawn ashore, drawn up in line, of ships, εἴρυντο νέες ταχὺν ἀμφʼ Ἀχιλῆα Il. 18.69; εἰρύατο νῆες θῖνʼ ἔφʼ ἁλὸς πολιῆς 14.30, cf. 4.248.
• • • 2 to be drawn, attracted, of moisture, Hp. l.c.; to be contracted, ἐς τοὔπισθεν ἐρυσθείς, of tetanic convulsions, Id. Epid. 5.47; τὴν γνάθον ἐρυσθεῖσα ib. 4.36. (ϝερῠ-, ϝρῡ-, cf. ῥῡ-τήρ (βρύτηρ), ῥῦ-μα, ῥῡ-μός.)

ἐρύω (B), only in Med. ἐρύομαι, redupl. non-thematic pres. 3 pl. εἰρύαται [ῠ] Il. 1.239, h.Cer. 152, [ῡ]Od. 16.463; inf. εἴρυσθαι 3.268, 23.151 (from se-srū-, v. infr.); impf. εἴρῡτο Il. 16.542, 24.499, Od. 23.229, Hes. Sc. 138, εἴρυντο Il. 12.454, εἰρύατο [ῠ] 22.303: from unredupl. stem ῥῡ- (srū-), non-thematic 3 pl. impf. ῥύατʼ [ῡ] 18.515, Od. 17.201, inf. ῥῦσθαι Il. 15.141, iterat. ῥύσκευ 24.730: thematic pres. ῥύομαι [ῠ] Od. 14.107, 15.35, Il. 9.396, 10.259, 417, Hes. Sc. 105; with ῡ, ῥύομʼ Il. 15.257, ῥύοιτο 12.8, ῥύοισθε 17.224; impf. ῥύετʼ [ῡ] 16.799: ῡ in Trag. (E. HF 197, al., also A. Eleg. 3), but ῠ in Id. Th. 303 (lyr.), 824 (anap.): thematic impf. ἐρύετο [ῡ] Il. 6.403; non-thematic ἔρῡτο 4.138, 5.23, al., ἔρῡσο 22.507 (ἔρῡτο as aor. 2 S. OT 1351 (lyr.)): pres. inf. ἔρυσθαι Od. 5.484, 9.194, al.; later pres. ind. ἔρῡται A.R. 2.1208: fut. ἐρύσσεται Il. 10.44, ἐρύεσθαι [ῠ] 20.195, ῥύσομαι [ῡ] Hes. Th. 662, Hdt. 1.86, A. Th. 91 (lyr.); 3 pl. ῥυσεῦνται Call. Lav.Pall. 112: aor. 1 εἰρῠσάμην (from e-serū-) Il. 4.186, 20.93, 21.230; opt. ἐρύσαιτο [ῠ] 24.584; ind. also ἐρρύσατο [ῡ] Od. 1.6, al., ἐρύσατο [ῡ] Il. 5.344, al., once with ῥῠ, ῥῠσάμην 15.29: from the redupl.pres. εἴρῡμαι are formed fut. ind. 3 pl. εἰρύσσονται 18.276, 1 pl. εἰρῠόμεσθα 21.588: aor. 1 inf. εἰρύσσασθαι 1.216; opt. εἰρυσσαίμην 8.143, 17.327, Od. 16.459:—later Pass., aor. ἐρρύσθην Ev.Luc. 1.74, 2 Ep.Ti. 4.17, Hld. 10.7: for ἔρῠτο and ἐρυσσάμενοι as Pass., v. infr. 4:—

• protect, guard, of armour, [πήληξ] κάρη ῥύετʼ Ἀχιλλῆος Il. 16.799; [κυνέη] εἴρυτο κάρη Hes. Sc. 138; ῥύεται δὲ κάρη Il. 10.259, etc.; μίτρης..ἥ οἱ πλεῖστον ἔρυτο 4.138, cf. 23.819; ἄστυ δὲ πύργοι ὑψηλαί τε πύλαι σανίδες τʼ..εἰρύσσονται 18.276, cf. 12.454; ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν, ὄφρα σφιν νῆας..ῥύοιτο ib. 8; οἶος ἐρύετο Ἴλιον Ἕκτωρ 6.403, cf. 22.507, 24.499; οἵ με πάρος γε εἰρύατο 22.303; ὅς σε πάρος περ ῥύομʼ 15.257, cf. A. Th. 91 (lyr.), etc.; καὶ πῶς βέβηλον ἄλσος ἂν ῥύοιτό με; Id. Supp. 509; Λυκίην εἴρυτο δίκῃσί τε καὶ σθένεϊ ᾧ Il. 16.542; ἀριστήων οἵ τε πτολίεθρα ῥύονται 9.396; [ἔλαφον] ὕλη εἰρύσατο 15.274; of warders or watchmen, 10.417; σῦς τάσδε φυλάσσω τε ῥύομαί τε Od. 14.107; νῆα, νῆας ἔρυσθαι, 9.194, 10.444, 14.260, 17.429; εἴρυσθαι μέγα δῶμα 23.151; ἣ νῶϊν εἴρυτο θύρας, of a female slave, ib. 229; ἐπέτελλεν..εἴρυσθαι ἄκοιτιν 3.268; αὖλιν ἔρυντο, of dogs, Theoc. 25.76; ἔτι μʼ αὖτʼ εἰρύαται οἴκαδʼ ἰόντα lie in wait for me, Od. 16.463; χαλεπόν σε θεῶν..δήνεα εἴρυσθαι to discover them, 23.82 (here perh. a difft. word, cogn. with ἐρευνάω, cf. Pi. Fr. 61); φρεσὶν εἰρύσσαιτο keep in his heart, conceal, Od. 16.459; οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται maintain them, Il. 1.239: hence, support, hold in honour, with notion of obedience, οὐ σύ γε βουλὰς εἰρύσαο Κρονίωνος 21.230; ἔπος εἰρύσσασθαι 1.216.
• • • 2 without any notion of defence, merely cover, ὡς ῥύσαιτο περὶ χροῒ μήδεα φωτός Od. 6.129; φύλλων χύσις ἤλιθα πολλὴ ὅσσον τʼ ἠὲ δύω ἠὲ τρεῖς ἄνδρας ἔρυσθαι 5.484.
    • 3 c. acc. rei, keep off, ward off, ἀλλʼ οὐκ οἰωνοῖσιν ἐρύσσατο κῆρα μέλαιναν by no augury could he ward off black death, Il. 2.859; ἡ δʼ (sc. ἀσπὶς) οὐκ ἔγχος ἔρυτο 5.538, 17.518, Od. 24.524; ἀλλὰ πάροιθεν εἰρύσατο ζωστήρ Il. 4.186.
    • 4 thwart, check, curb, much like ἐρύκω, Διὸς νόον εἰρύσσαιτο 8.143; μὴ ὁ μὲν κραδίῃ χόλον οὐκ ἐρύσαιτο 24.584; Ἠῶ ῥύσατʼ ἐπʼ Ὠκεανῷ Od. 23.244; νῆά τʼ ἔρυσθαι A.R. 3.607; so prob. in Τροΐας ἶνας ἐκταμὼν δορί, ταί νιν ῥύοντό ποτε (thwarted him) μάχας..ἔργον..κορύσσοντα Pi. I. 8(7).57; νόστον ἐρυσσάμενοι having been balked of their return (Med. in pass. sense, cf. ἐστεφανώσατο, κατασχόμενος), Id. N. 9.23 (v.l. ἐρεισ-):—Pass., ἡ δʼ ἔρῠτʼ εἰν Ἀρίμοισι Hes. Th. 304.
    • 5 rescue, save, deliver (not in Att. Prose exc. Th. 5.63); μετὰ χερσὶν ἐρύσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων Il. 5.344, cf. 11.363; πῶς ἂν.. εἰρύσσαισθε Ἴλιον; 17.327; Ποσειδάων..Νέστορος υἱὸν ἔρυτο 13.555; βουλῆς..ἥ τίς κεν ἐρύσσεται ἠδὲ σαώσει Ἀργείους 10.44; ἀλλʼ Ἥφαιστος ἔρυτο σάωσε δέ 5.23; ὁ δʼ ἐρύσατο καί μʼ ἐλέησεν Od. 14.279; ἐρρύσατο καὶ ἐσάωσεν Il. 15.290; ἀρήξω τὸν ἱκέτην τε ῥύσομαι A. Eu. 232; πατρίδα ῥυομένους Id. Eleg. 3; ῥύου με κἀκφύλασσε S. OC 285, cf. Hdt. 7.217, 8.114: freq. folld. by a Prep., οὐ γάρ κεν ῥύσαιτό σʼ ὑπὲκ κακοῦ Od. 12.107; Ζεῦ πάτερ, ἀλλὰ σὺ ῥῦσαι ὑπʼ ἠέρος υἷας Ἀχαιῶν Il. 17.645, cf. 224; ἐκ..πόνων ἐρρύσατο Pi. P. 12.19; ῥύσασθαί μιν ἐκ τοῦ παρεόντος κακοῦ Hdt. 1.87; ὡς ἂν ἀλλὰ παῖδʼ ἐμὴν ῥυσώμεθʼ ἀνδρῶν ἐκ χερῶν μιαιφόνων E. Or. 1563: ἀπὸ φόνου S. OT 1351 (lyr.); ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ Ev.Matt. 6.13: c. gen., ῥ. τινὰ τοῦ μὴ κατακαυθῆναι Hdt. 1.86; κακῶν μυρίων E. Alc. 770; τόξων Id. Ion 165 (lyr.); πολέμου καὶ μανιῶν ῥ. Ἑλλάδα Ar. Lys. 342: c. inf., ῥ. τινὰ θανεῖν E. Alc. 11; τινα μὴ κατθανεῖν Id. HF 197, cf. Or. 599, Hdt. 7.11; also, save from an illness, cure, Id. 4.187: generally, Id. 3.132.
    • 6 set free, redeem, τὸν ἔνθεν ῥυσάμην I set him free from thence, Il. 15.29; ἐκ δουλοσύνης Hdt. 5.49, 9.90; δουλοσύνης ib. 76; μάντιν Ἠλεῖον..ἀπημελημένον ἐν τοῖσι ἀνδραπόδοισι ἐρρύσατο Id. 3.132; but χρυσῷ ἐρύσασθαι Il. 22.351 seems to come from (ϝ) ερύω (v. ἐρύω (A) B.1.2).
    • • b metaph., redeem, compensate for.., ἔργῳ γὰρ ἀγαθῷ ῥύσεσθαι τὰς αἰτίας (v.l. λύσεσθαι) Th. 5.63; ταῦτα πάντα κατθανοῦσα ῥύσομαι my death will redeem (purchase) all this, E. IA 1383 (troch.); ῥ. καμάτους Epigr.Gr. 853.6:—double sense in S. OT 312, 313 ῥῦσαι σεαυτὸν καὶ πόλιν, ῥῦσαι δʼ ἐμέ, ῥῦσαι δὲ πᾶν μίασμα τοῦ τεθνηκότος redeem (deliver) thyself and the state and me, and redeem the pollution from the dead (the μίασμα being thought of as an unpaid debt). (ἐρῠ- ῥῡ- from serǔ- srū-, cogn. with Lat. servare, v. οὖρος ‘guard’, ἔρυμα, ἐρυμνός.)

ἐρύω, ep. u. ion. auch εἰρύω, wie auch Soph. Tr. 1026, ch.; inf. εἰρύμεναι, mit kurzem υ, Hes. O. 818 ; fut. ἐρύσω, ep. ἐρύσσω, auch ἐρύω, vgl. Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 300 ; οὐ μὲν σοί γε πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι, ἀλλʼ οἰωνοὶ ἐρύουσι Il. 11.454, vgl. 15.351, 22.67 ; ἔλπετο θυμὸς νεκρὸν ὑπʼ Αἴαντος ἐρύειν 17.235, vgl. 396 ; aor. εἴρυσσε, 3.373, u. oft im conj. ἐρύσσομεν, inf. ἐρύσαι, Hes. O. 622 ; perf. pass. u. med. εἴρυμαι (κατείρυσται Od. 8.151); εἴρῡτο Il. 16.542, ἔρῡτο 4.138, Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 256 ; εἴρυντο Il. 18.69 ; εἰρῡαται u. εἰρῡατο, auch mit kurzem υ, Od. 6.265, Il. 4.248 ; den aor. ἐρυσθείς hat Hippocr.;
Grundbedeutung ziehen, dem ἕλκω entsprechend, Il. 3.373, 18.165 ; zunächst häufig von Schiffen : νῆα μέλαιναν ἐρύσσομεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν, ins Meer ziehen, Od. 8.34 ; νῆα θοὴν ἅλαδʼ εἴρυσε 2.389 ; ἐπʼ ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν, aufs Land ziehen, Od. 16.359, wie Hes. O. 622 ; ἤπειρόνδε Od. 10.423 ; τὰς γὰρ πρώτας πεδίονδε εἴρυσαν Il. 14.31, 8.226 ; pass. εἰρύατο νῆες θῖνʼ ἔφʼ ἁλός 14.30 ; νῆες ὅσαι πρῶται εἰρύατο 15.654 ; ἔνθα τε νῆες εἰρύατʼ εὔπρυμνοι 4.248 ; ὅσαι πρῶται εἰρύαται ἄγχι θαλάσσης 14.75 ; ἔνθα μυρμιδόνων εἴρυντο νέες 18.69 ; νῆες δʼ ὁδὸν εἰρύαται Od. 6.365 ; – (φᾶρος) κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε, er zog es über den Kopf, Od. 8.85 ; ὄφρα μοι ἐξ ὤμοιο ἐρύσσῃς πικρὸν ὀϊστόν Il. 5.110 ; vgl. 16.863 ; ὅτε δὴ καὶ ἐγὼ πρόφρων ἐθέλοιμι ἐρύσσαι, αὐτῇ σὺν γαίῃ ἐρύσαιμι, droht Zeus, Il. 8.23, ich möchte in die Höhe ziehen ; κίονʼ ἀνʼ ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι, an der Säule hinaufziehen, Od. 22.176 ; νευρὴν ἐρύοντι ἐπί τινι, die Bogensehne anziehen, d.i. den Bogen gegen Einen spannen, Il. 15.464 ; τόξον εἰρύσας Her. 4.10 ; πλίνθους εἴρυσαν 2.136, Ziegel streichen ; κλῆρον, ein Los ziehen, Callim. Iov. 62 ; – ἐκ γαίης ἐρύσας, eine Pflanze, Od. 10.343 ; κρόσσας πύργων ἔρυον, sie rissen sie nieder, Il. 12.258, vgl. προκρόσσας ἔρυσαν 14.35 ; mit Gewalt fortreißen, ὑπὸ ζυγὰ δῆσα ἐρύσσας Od. 9.99 ; τινὰ μοῦνον ἑτάρων ἄπο, bei Seite ziehen, Ap.Rh. 3.193 ; vgl. βίαια πάντʼ ἐκ ποδὸς ἐρύσας, alle Gewalttat fern haltend, Pind. N. 7.67 ; – ἄλλον μὲν χλαίνης ἐρύων, ἄλλον δὲ χιτῶνος, am Kleide zupfend, Il. 22.493 ; vgl. Ap.Rh. 1.760 ; μή σε νέοι διὰ δώματʼ ἐρύσσωσι ἢ ποδὸς ἢ καὶ χειρός Od. 17.479, daß sie dich nicht am Fuß durch das Haus hinschleppen. Bes. = den Leichnam eines in der Schlacht Getöteten zu sich ziehen, um ihn den Händen der Feinde zu entreißen, νεκροὺς ἔρυσαν μετὰ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν Il. 5.573, oder den Leichnam eines Feindes fortschleppen, um ihn der Rüstung zu berauben und ein Lösegeld für die Bestattung von den Angehörigen zu erpressen ; νεκροὺς δʼ ἀλλήλων ἔρυον, Il. 18.540, vgl. 4.467, 492, 17.419 ; Ἅκτορα δεῦρʼ ἐρύσας 23.21 ; – τρὶς δὲ ἐρύσας περὶ σῆμα, nachdem er ihn dreimal um das Grab geschleift hatte, 24.16 ; auch von den Hunden u. Vögeln, welche den unbestatteten Leichnam zerreißen u. die Stücke umherzerren, 11.454, 15.351, 22.67.
Med. ἐρύομαι u. p. εἰρύομαι (vgl. unten auch ῥύομαι), inf. ἔρυσθαι Od. 9.194, εἴρυσθαι 3.268 ; fut. ἐρύσομαι, ep. ἐρύσσομαι, wozu man als inf. auch ἐλπόμενοι ἐρύεσθαι rechnet, Il. 14.422, vgl. 9.248, s. Buttmann Lexil. 2 p. 268 ; aor. εἰρυσάμην u. ἐρυσσάμην ; perf. wie im pass., dazu imper. εἴρυσο Ap.Rh. 4.372 ; – für sich, an sich ziehen ; δόρυ ἐξ ὠτειλῆς εἰρυσάμην Od. 10.164 ; εἰρύσσατο φάσγανον ὀξύ, er zog sein Schwert, 22.79 ; Il. 22.306 ; ἐκ κολεοῖο ἐρυσσάμενος ξίφος 12.190, vgl. Theocr. 22.191 ; εἴρυτο δὲ φάσγανον ὀξύ Od. 22.90 ; ἐρύσαντο δὲ πάντα, vom Braten, sie zogen alles für sich von den Spießen ab, Il. 1.466 ; τόξον, den Bogen an sich ziehen, um ihn zu spannen, Od. 21.125 ; νῆας, ins Meer ziehen, um abzufahren, Il. 14.79 ; Ap.Rh. 4.237 ; ὅταν κατάϊξ ἱστὸν ὑπὲκ προτόνων ἐρύσηται, mit sich fortreißt, 1.1204 ; τινὰ ἆσσον, Jem. näher an sich heranziehen, Od. 19.481 ; μάχης, χάρμης ἐρύσασθαί τινα, aus der Schlacht hinwegreißen, Il. 5.456, 17.161 ; bes. wie im act. von den Toten ; ἐρύσαντο δὲ νεκρούς, sie zogen die Toten zu sich, Il. 17.317 ἐκ βελέων ἐρύσαντο νέκυν 18.152 ; νέκυν ἐρύοντο 17.277 ; μή πώς οἱ ἐρυσαίατο νεκρὸν Ἅχαιοί 5.298 ; vgl. 17.104 ; – aus der Gefahr ziehen, retten, καὶ τὸν μὲν μετὰ χερσὶν ἐρύσσατο Φοῖβος κυανέῃ νεφέλῃ Il. 5.344 ; 11.363, 20.93 ; πῶς ἂν εἰρύσσαισθε Ἴλιον Il. 17.327 ; οἶος γὰρ ἐρύετο Ἴλιον Ἅκτωρ 6.403 ; ἐρύσσεται ἠδὲ σαώσει verbunden 10.44, ἔρυτο u. σάωσε 5.23 ; bewachen, behüten, εἰρύσατο ζωστήρ 4.186 ; πύλαι σανίδες τʼ εἰρύσσονται 18.276 ; εἴρυσθαι ἄκοιτιν Od. 3.268 ; μέγα δῶμα Od. 23.151 ; πὰρ νηΐ τε μένειν καὶ νῆα ἔρυσθαι 10.444 ; αὖλιν, von Hunden, Theocr. 25.76 ; παρθενίην μίτρην ἄχραντον, sich unbefleckt bewahren, Hosch. 2.73 ; μηδὲ φρεσὶν εἰρύσσαιτο Od. 16.459, bei sich behalten, verschweigen ; οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται, aufrecht, in Ehren erhalten, Il. 1.239 ; οὐ σύ γε βουλὰς εἰρύσαο Κρονίωνος, du hieltest sie nicht in Ehren, 21.229 ; ἔπος εἰρύσσασθαι 1.216 ; vgl. Ap.Rh. 4.1207 ; ἦ ἔτι μʼ αὖθʼ εἰρύαται οἴκαδʼ ἰόντα, aufpassen, auflauern, Od. 16.463 ; χαλεπὸν θεῶν δήνεα εἴρυσθαι Od. 23.82, erspähen ; – abhalten, abwehren, ἣ (der Schild) δʼ οὐκ ἔγχος ἔρυτο Il. 5.538 ; οὐκ οἰωνοῖσιν ἐρύσσατο Κῆρα, er wehrte den Tod nicht von sich ab, 2.859 ; – ἀνὴρ δέ κεν οὔ τι Διὸς νόον εἰρύσσαιτο, den Willen des Zeus aufhalten, 8.143 ; χόλον 24.584.

†ἐρύω1

(ϝερύω).

Pres. pple. ἐρύων, -οντος Il. 4.467, 492, Il. 15.464, Il. 22.493.

3 pl. impf. ἔρυον Il. 12.258, Il. 18.540.

3 pl. fut. ἐρύουσι Il. 11.454, Il. 15.351, Il. 22.67.

Infin. ἐρύειν Il. 17.235, 287, 396.

3 sing. aor. εἴρυσε (ἐϝέρυσε) Il. 16.863: Od. 2.389. εἴρυσσε Il. 3.373, Il. 18.165: Od. 8.85. ἔρυσε Il. 13.598, Il. 17.581.

1 pl. ἐρύσσαμεν Od. 4.577, Od. 11.2.

3 pl. εἴρυσαν Il. 8.226, Il. 11.9, Il. 14.32. ἔρυσαν Il. 5.573, Il. 14.35: Od. 22.187, 193. ἔρυσσαν Il. 1.485, Il. 16.781: Od. 4.780, Od. 8.51, Od. 16.325, 359.

2 sing. subj. ἐρύσσῃς Il. 5.110.

3 sing. ἐρύσῃ Il. 17.230.

1 pl. ἐρύσσομεν Il. 1.141, Il. 14.76, Il. 17.635, 713: Od. 8.34, Od. 10.423, Od. 16.348.

3 pl. ἐρύσσωσι Od. 17.479.

Opt. ἐρύσαιμι Il. 8.24. 2pl. ἐρύσαιτε Il. 8.21.

Imp. pl. ἐρύσσατε Od. 10.403.

Pple. ἐρύσας Il. 23.21, Il. 24.16: Od. 10.303. ἐρύσσας Od. 9.99.

Pl. ἐρύσαντες 232: Od. 9.77, Od. 12.14, 402.

Acc. ἐρύσαντας Od. 8.508.

Fem. ἐρύσασα Il. 5.836.

Infin. ἐρύσαι Il. 17.419: Od. 14.134, Od. 22.176. ἐρύσσαι Il. 8.23, Il. 21.175.

Mid. 3 pl. impf. ἐρύοντο Il. 17.277.

Fut. infin. ἐρύεσθαι Il. 14.422.

Aor. εἰρυσάμην Od. 10.165.

3 sing. εἰρύσσατο Il. 22.306: Od. 22.79. ἐρύσσατο Il. 4.530, Il. 21.200, Il. 22.367: Od. 19.481.

3 pl. ἐρύσαντο Il. 1.466, Il. 2.429, Il. 4.506, Il. 7.318, Il. 17.317, Il. 18.152, Il. 24.624: Od. 3.65, 470, Od. 8.504, Od. 14.431, Od. 20.279.

2 sing. opt. ἐρύσαιο Il. 5.456.

1 pl. ἐρυσαίμεθα Il. 14.79, Il. 17.104, 159, 161.

3 pl. ἐρυσαίατο Il. 5.298.

Pple. ἐρυσσάμενος Il. 1.190, Il. 3.271, 361, Il. 12.190, Il. 13.610, Il. 14.496, Il. 17.127, Il. 19.252, Il. 20.284, Il. 21.116, 173: Od. 4.666, Od. 9.300, Od. 10.126, 294, 321, 535, Od. 11.24, 48.

Infin. ἐρύσασθαι Il. 22.351. ἐρύσσασθαι Il. 18.174, Il. 21.176: Od. 21.125.

3 sing. aor. εἴρυτο Od. 22.90.

Pass. 3 pl. pf. εἰρύ̄αται (ϝεϝερυ-) Il. 14.75. εἰρύ̆αται Il. 4.248: Od. 6.265.

3 pl. plupf. εἰρύ̄ατο Il. 14.30, Il. 15.654. εἴρυντο Il. 18.69.

Nom. pl. fem. pple. εἰρῡμέναι Il. 13.682.

(αὐερύω, εἰσ-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, κατ-, προ-.)

• • 1

    To drag, haul, pull: κοῖλον δόρυ ἐρύσαντας ἐπʼ ἄκρης Od. 8.508. Cf. Il. 3.373, Il. 24.16: Od. 9.99, Od. 12.14, Od. 17.479, Od. 22.187.

    In mid. Od. 8.504.

    Of dragging the body of a foe from the fight: νεκρὸν ἐρύοντα ἰδών Il. 4.467. Cf. Il. 4.492, Il. 16.781, Il. 17.230, 235, 287, 396, 419, Il. 18.165, 540, Il. 23.21.

    In mid. Il. 4.506 = Il. 17.317, Il. 5.298, Il. 14.422, Il. 17.127, 159, 161, 277, Il. 18.174.

    Of so dragging the body of a friend Il. 5.573, Il. 17.581, 635 = 713, Il. 18.232.

    In mid. Il. 17.104, Il. 18.152.

  • 2

    To draw or pull in a specified direction: ἐξ ὤμοιο ὀϊστόν Il. 5.110. Cf. Il. 8.21, 23, 24, Il. 13.598, Il. 16.863, Il. 21.175: Od. 10.303.

    In mid. Il. 21.176, 200, Il. 22.367: Od. 10.165, Od. 19.481.

    To draw (a person) away, cause (him) to quit something.

    In mid.: οὐκ ἂν τόνδʼ ἄνδρα μάχης ἐρύσαιο; (from the . . .) Il. 5.456.

    To draw or pull (a person) from a specified position: ἀφʼ ἵππων ὦσε χειρὶ ἐρύσασα Il. 5.836.

  • 3

    To draw (a part of one’s clothing) into a specified position: φᾶρος κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσεν Od. 8.85.

    To pluck (a person by part of his clothing): ἄλλον χλαίνης ἐρύων Il. 22.493.

  • 4

    To pull or tear at with a view to demolishing: κρόσσας πύργων Il. 12.258.

    To pull about, tear (a corpse) Il. 11.454, Il. 15.351, Il. 22.67.

    To tear (the skin from the bones): ῥινὸν ἀπʼ ὀστεόφιν Od. 14.134.

  • 5

    In mid., to draw (cooked food) off the spits: ἐρύσαντο πάντα Il. 1.466 = Il. 2.429 = Il. 7.318 = Il. 24.624: = Od. 14.431. Cf. Od. 3.65 = 470 = Od. 20.279.

  • 6

    To draw (a ship) up out of the water: νῆʼ ἐπʼ ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν Il. 1.485, ἔνθα Μυρμιδόνων εἴρυντο νέες Il. 18.69. Cf. Il. 4.248, Il. 8.226 = Il. 11.9, Il. 13.682, Il. 14.30, 32, 35, 75, Il. 15.654: νῆες ὁδὸν εἰρύαται Od. 6.265 (app., along, i.e. on each side of, the way; cf. ἀγρούς 259). Cf. Od. 10.403, 423, Od. 16.325, 359.

  • 7

    To draw down (a ship) in order to launch her: νῆα ἐρύσσομεν εἰς ἅλα Il. 1.141. Cf. Il. 14.76: Od. 2.389, Od. 4.577, 780, Od. 8.34, 51, Od. 11.2, Od. 16.348.

    In mid. Il. 14.79: Od. 4.666.

  • 8

    To draw a bow: ἐπὶ τῷ ἐρύοντι Il. 15.464.

    To bend (a bow) in order to string it.

    In mid.: ἐρύσσασθαι [τόξον] μενεαίνων Od. 21.125.

  • 9

    In mid., to draw (a sword): φάσγανον ἐρυσσάμενος Il. 1.190. Cf. Il. 3.361 = Il. 13.610, Il. 4.530, Il. 12.190, Il. 14.496, Il. 20.284, Il. 21.116, 173, Il. 22.306: = Od. 22.79, Od. 9.300, Od. 10.126, 294, 321, 535 = Od. 11.48, Od. 11.24, Od. 22.90.

    To draw up, take into one’s hand (a knife worn by one) Il. 3.271 = Il. 19.252.

  • 10

    To pull up so as to suspend: κίονʼ ἀνʼ ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι (ἔρυσαν) Od. 22.176, 193.

    With ἀνά, to hoist(sails): ἀνʼ ἱστία ἐρύσαντες Od. 9.77, Od. 12.402.

  • 11

    To weigh.

    In mid.: εἴ κέν σʼ αὐτὸν χρυσῷ ἐρύσασθαι ἀνώγοι (to weigh your body with or against gold, i.e. pay your weight in gold) Il. 22.351.

†ἐρύω2

(σερύω. Cf. L. servo).

[(σ)ερῦ-, (σ)ρυ-, fr. which the forms come with varying quantity due to the mutual influence of the stems.]

Only in mid. Pres. ῥύομαι Il. 15.257. ῥύ̆ομαι Od. 14.107.

3 sing. ῥύ̆εται Il. 10.259, 417: Od. 15.35.

1 pl. εἰρῦόμεσθα Il. 21.588 (app. due to the analogy of the pf.).

3 pl. ῥύ̆ονται Il. 9.396.

3 sing. impf. ἐρύετο Il. 6.403. ῥύετο Il. 16.799.

3 sing. opt. ῥύοιτο Il. 12.8.

2 pl. ῥύοισθε Il. 17.224.

2 sing. non-thematic impf. ἔρυσο Il. 22.507.

3 sing. ἔρυτο Il. 4.138, Il. 5.23, 538, Il. 13.555, Il. 17.518, Il. 23.819: Od. 24.524.

3 pl. ῥύατο Il. 18.515: Od. 17.201.

Infin. ἔρυσθαι Od. 5.484, Od. 9.194, Od. 10.444, Od. 14.260, Od. 17.429. ῥῦσθαι Il. 15.141.

2 sing. pa. iterative ῥύσκευ Il. 24.730.

3 sing. fut. ἐρύσσεται Il. 10.44.

3 pl. εἰρύσσονται Il. 18.276 (app. due to the analogy of the pf.).

Infin. ἐρύεσθαι Il. 9.248, Il. 20.195.

Aor. ῥῠσάμην Il. 15.29.

2 sing. εἰρύ̆σαο (ἐσερυ-) Il. 21.230.

3 sing. εἰρύ̆σατο Il. 4.186, Il. 15.274, Il. 20.93. ἐρύσατο Il. 2.859, Il. 5.344, Il. 11.363, Il. 20.450: Od. 14.279, Od. 22.372. ἐρρύσατο Il. 15.290, Il. 20.194: Od. 1.6. ῥύσατο Od. 23.244.

3 dual ῥυσάσθην Il. 14.406.

2 sing. subj. ἐρύσσεαι Il. 20.311.

3 sing. opt. ἐρῦσαιτο Il. 24.584. ῥύσαιτο Od. 6.129, Od. 12.107. εἰρύσσαιτο Il. 8.143: Od. 16.459 (app. due to the analogy of the pf.).

2 pl. εἰρύσσαισθε Il. 17.327.

Imp. ῥῦσαι Il. 17.645, Il. 24.430.

Infin. εἰρύσσασθαι Il. 1.216.

3 pl. pf. εἰρύ̆αται (σεσρυ-) Il. 1.239. εἰρύαται Od. 16.463.

3 sing. plupf. εἴρυτο Il. 16.542, Il. 24.499: Od. 23.229.

3 pl. εἰρύ̆ατο Il. 22.303. εἴρυντο Il. 12.454.

Infin. εἴρυσθαι Od. 3.268, Od. 23.82, 151.

• • 1

    To keep from harm, keep safe, guard, protect: ὄφρα νῆας ῥύοιτο Il. 12.8, σανίδων, αἳ πύλας εἴρυντο (gave it its strength) 454. Cf. Il. 10.44, 259, Il. 13.555, Il. 14.406, Il. 15.257, Il. 16.799, Il. 17.224, 327, Il. 18.276, Il. 21.588, Il. 22.303, Il. 23.819, Il. 24.430: Od. 3.268, Od. 15.35.

    With dat.: μίτρης, ἥ οἱ πλεῖστον ἔρυτο Il. 4.138.

  • 2

    To tend (a herd) Od. 14.107.

    To keep, tend, see to (a house) Od. 23.151.

  • 3

    To protect from inclemency of weather Od. 5.484.

    To cover (one’s nakedness): μήδεα Od. 6.129.

  • 4

    To keep back, detain: Ἠῶ ἐπʼ Ὠκεανῷ Od. 23.244.

  • 5

    In sinister sense, of foes, to lie in wait for: οἴκαδέ μʼ ἰόντα Od. 16.463.

  • 6

    To keep watch and ward over, guard: τεῖχος Il. 18.515. Cf. Il. 10.417: Od. 9.194 = Od. 10.444, Od. 14.260, Od. 17.201, 429, Od. 23.229.

  • 7

    To be the guardian, defender or protector of (a city, etc.): οἵ τε πτολίεθρα ῥύονται Il. 9.396. Cf. Il. 6.403, Il. 16.542, Il. 22.507, Il. 24.499, 730.

  • 8

    To bring out of danger or trouble, save, rescue: ἐρύσατό σʼ Ἀπόλλων Il. 11.363 = Il. 20.450. Cf. Il. 5.23, 344, Il. 9.248, Il. 15.274, 290, Il. 17.645, Il. 20.93, 194, 195, 311: Od. 1.6, Od. 12.107, Od. 14.279, Od. 22.372.

    To rescue from troubles: Ἡρακλῆα Il. 15.29.

  • 9

    In reference to immaterial things

  • • a

      To have in one’s keeping, be the depositary of: θέμιστας Il. 1.239.

    • b

      In reference to wrath, to keep (it within the breast), not to allow (it) to break out: μὴ κραδίῃ χόλον οὐκ ἐρύσαιτο Il. 24.584.

      In reference to something known, to keep it (in the mind), refrain from uttering it: μηδὲ φρεσὶν εἰρύσσαιτο Od. 16.459.

    • c

      To be in possession of, comprehend: θεῶν δήνεα Od. 23.82.

    • d

      To observe, not to run counter to, obey: σφωΐτερον ἔπος Il. 1.216.

      To carry out (another’s will, something resolved upon): βουλὰς Κρονίωνος Il. 21.230.

    • e

      App., to pay constant attention to, keep always in mind: πάντων ἀνθρώπων γενεήν Il. 15.141.

  • 10

    To ward off: κῆρα Il. 2.859, ἔγχος Il. 5.538 = Il. 17.518: = Od. 24.524.

    To arrest (a missile weapon) in its course: βέλος εἰρύσατο ζωστήρ Il. 4.186.

    App., sim., in reference to something immaterial: ἀνήρ κεν οὔ τι Διὸς νόον εἰρύσσαιτο Il. 8.143.

ἐρῠω

• 1draw, remove ἔν τε δαμόταις ὄμματι δέρκομαι λαμπρὸν βίαια πάντʼ ἐκ ποδὸς ἐρύσαις N. 7.67

ἐρύω (ϝερύω), fut. ἐρύουσι, aor. εἴρυ(σ)σε, ἔρυσε, mid. εἰρυόμεσθα, inf. ἐρύεσθαι (or fut.), fut. 2 sing. ἐρύσσεαι, inf. ἐρύσσεσθαι and ἐρύεσθαι, aor. εἰρυσάμην, -ύ(σ)σατο, perf. 3 pl. εἰρύαται, part. εἰρῦμέναι, plup. εἴρυτο, 3 pl. εἴρυντο and εἰρύατο: draw, drag, mid., draw for oneself or to oneself, rescue, esp. the fallen in battle, νέκυν, νεκρόν; act., of drawing an arrow from the wound, Il. 5.110; a mantle down over the head, Od. 8.85; drawing the bow, Il. 15.464; ships into the sea, Il. 1.141; pulling flesh off the bones, Od. 14.134; battlements from a wall, Il. 12.258; pass., Il. 4.248, Il. 14.75, Od. 6.265; mid., of drawing oneʼs sword or dagger, Il. 3.271; oneʼs ships into the sea, Il. 14.79; drawing off meat from the spits (to eat it yourself), Il. 1.466, and other subjective actions; draw to oneself, rescue, Il. 5.456, Il. 17.161, Il. 14.422, Il. 18.152.

ἐρύω

• • • 1to drag along the ground, drag, draw, a ship in to the sea or on to land, Hom.; νεκρὸν ἐρ., to drag a body away, rescue, Il.; or to drag off for plunder, Il.; of dogs and birds of prey, to drag and tear, Il.:—also, to tear away battlements, Il.
    • 2without any sense of violence, φᾶρος κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε drew it over his head, Od.; χλαίνης ἐρύων plucking him by the cloak, Il.; τόξον Hdt.; πλίνθους εἰρύειν, Lat. ducere lateres, Hdt.
• BMid. ἐρύομαι to draw for oneself, Hom.; ἐρύσασθαι νῆας to launch us ships, Il.; ξίφος ἐρύεσθαι to draw oneʼs sword, Il.; ἐρύσσεσθαι τόξον to prepare to draw oneʼs bow, i. e. to string it, Od.
• • • 2to draw towards oneself, Od.
  • IIto draw out of the press, ἐρύσασθαί τινα μάχης Il.; hence, to rescue, deliver, of captives, to redeem, ransom, Il.
  • • 2simply to protect, guard, of armour, Il.
  • IIIc. acc. rei, to keep off, ward off, Il.
  • • 2to thwart, check, curb, Il.
    • 3to keep guard upon, watch over, νῆας, δῶμα Od.; εἰρύαται οἴκαδʼ ἰόντα lie in wait for me, Od.; φρεσὶν ἐρύσασθαι to keep in oneʼs heart, to conceal, Od.
    • 4to support, hold in honour, with notion of obedience, Od.
• CPass. to be drawn ashore, drawn up in line, of ships, Il.; νῆες δʼ ὁδὸν εἰρύαται are drawn up along the road, Od.