ἔργω

ἔργω, Ep. and Ion., and ἐέργω, Ep. for Att. εἴργω (or εἵργω, v. infr.), which occurs once in Hom., τῆλέ με εἴργουσι ψυχαί Il. 23.72 (s.v.l.): impf. εἶργον Th. 1.106, (ἐξ-) Hdt. 5.22: fut. ἔρξω (ξυν-) S. Aj. 593, εἴρξω or εἵρξω Id. Ph. 1407, E. El. 1255, Th. 4.9: aor. I ἔρξα Od. 14.411, v.l. for εἷρξα in Hdt. 3.136, εἷρξα E. Ba. 443, Philipp. ap. D. 12.2, etc.: aor. 2 εἴργᾰθον (v. ἐργαθεῖν):—Med. and Pass., pres., Il. 17.571, Hdt. 5.57, etc.: fut. ἔρξομαι S. OT 890 (lyr.), εἴρξομαι X. An. 6.6.16, Aeschin. 3.122: aor. I ἔρχθην Il. 21.282, Hp. Mul. 1.4, εἵρχθην Lycurg. 112, D. 59.66: pf. ἔργμαι h.Merc. 123, Ep. 3pl. ἔρχαται Od. 10.283; εἷργμαι Ar. Av. 1085, εἶργμαι X. HG 5.2.31; Ep. part. ἐεργμένος Il. 5.89: plpf., Ep. 3pl. ἔρχατο 17.354, ἐέρχατο Od. 10.241. (εἵργω, = shut in, εἴργω, = shut out, acc. to Eust. 1387.3; cf. the compds. ἀπείργω, καθείργω, but ἄφ-ερκτος occurs A. Ch. 446 (lyr.); the aspirate was always used in Att. acc. to Tz. in An.Ox. 3.352, but v. κατείργω: at Heraclea it occurs in ἀφ-, ἐφ-, and συν-hέργω (qq.v.): ϝέργ-, cf. Skt. vrajás ‘enclosure’, and perh. Lat. urgeo; ἐ- is prothetic in Ep. ἐ-ϝέργω):—

• Αbar oneʼs way either by shutting in or shutting out:
• • I shut in, shut up, ἐρχθέντʼ ἐν ποταμῷ Il. 21.282; pen, ἐνὶ Κίρκης ἔρχαται ὥς τε σύες Od. 10.283; [ἄρνες] διακεκριμέναι ἕκασται ἔρχατο 9.221; τὰς μὲν ἄρα ἔρξαν κατὰ ἤθεα κοιμηθῆναι 14.411; ὅσσους Ἑλλήσποντος ἐντὸς ἐέργει encloses, Il. 2.845 (so ἔνδον εἵρξας Ar. Ach. 330); ἂψ ἐπὶ νῆας ἔεργε [φάλαγγας] drove them to the ships and shut them up there, Il. 16.395, cf. 12.219, Th. 1.106; shut up, θανόντων ψυχάς Thgn. 710; esp. in prison, Hdt. 3.136, Philipp. ap. D. 12.2, Lycurg. 112 (Pass.), D. 59.66, etc.; of things, θύραι δόμον ἐντὸς ἔεργον Od. 7.88; σύμπαντα ἐντὸς μιᾶς ὁμοιότητος ἕρξας having included.., Pl. Plt. 285b:—Pass., σάκεσσι γὰρ ἔρχατο πάντῃ were fenced in, secured, Il. 17.354; γέφυραι ἐεργμέναι well-secured, strong-built, compact, 5.89: Medic., of discharges, to be retained, Hp. Mul. 1.4, 8; ἐὰν ἡ τοῦ βλεφάρου θρὶξ εἰρχθῇ if the eyelash is caught (in the loop), Paul.Aeg. 6.13 (fort. εἰρθῇ, vel ἐρθῇ, cf. ἐρτός).
  • II shut out, Il. 23.72, Th. 4.9, etc.; ἀμφὶς ἐέργει Il. 13.706 (v. ἀμφίς A.II); κλῄθροις ἂν εἰργοίμεσθα E. Hel. 288.
  • • 2 c. gen., shut out or keep away from, ὡς ὅτε μήτηρ παιδὸς ἐέργῃ μυῖαν Il. 4.131, cf. Od. 12.219; τῶν μὲν πάμπαν ἔεργε..θυμόν Hes. Op. 335, cf. Parm. 1.33; ἔργειν τινὰ σιτίων Hdt. 3.48:—freq. in Pass., [μυῖα] ἐργομένη χροός Il. 17.571; εἴργεσθαι ἱερῶν, νομίμων, ἀγορᾶς, to be excluded from participation in.., Isoc. 4.157, Antipho 6.36, Lys. 6.24; but εἰργόμενον θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἀνάπηρον ποιῆσαι short of, excluding death and maiming, Aeschin. 1.183: with Preps., ἔ. [βέλος] ἀπὸ χροός Il. 4.130; τινα ἀπὸ τιμῆς Od. 11.503; [ἀηδὼν] ἀπὸ χλωρῶν πετάλων ἐργομένα A. Supp. 63 (lyr.); ἐκ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων X. An. 6.6.16, etc.: rarely c. dat. pers., εἴργειν..μητρὶ πολέμιον δόρυ to keep it off from her, A. Th. 416:— Med., keep oneself, abstain, withdraw from, c. gen., πόλιος Hdt. 4.164; τῶν ἀσέπτων ἔρξεται S. OT 890 (lyr.); γελώτων Pl. Lg. 732c, etc.; ἔργετο [τοῦ ἄλσεος] he kept away from it, i.e. spared it, Hdt. 7.197.
    • 3 hinder, prevent from doing, abs., Thgn. 686, Pl. Lg. 784c: c. dupl.acc., ἀλλʼ ἡμᾶς τοῦτό γε μηδὲν..εἴρξῃ Id. Sph. 242a, cf. Ar. V. 334 (lyr.):— Pass., οὐδὲν εἴργεται nothing is barred, i.e. all things are permitted, S. Tr. 344; εἴργου stop! cease! Id. OC 836.
    • • b c. inf., mostly with μή or μὴ οὐ added, οὐ νὺξ ἔργει μὴ οὐ κατανύσαι Hdt. 8.98; εἴργει τόνδε μὴ θνῄσκειν νόμος E. Heracl. 963, cf. A. Ag. 1027 (lyr.): c. inf. only, κακὸν δὲ ποῖον εἶργε τοῦτʼ ἐξειδέναι; S. OT 129; εἴρξω πελάζειν Id. Ph. 1407 (troch.); οὐδὲν εἴργει..τελειοῦσθαι τάδε Id. Tr. 1257: with the Art., εἰργαθεῖν τὸ μὴ οὐχ ἑλεῖν E. Ph. 1175; also εἴργ. ὥστε.. or ὥστε μή.., c. inf., X. HG 7.2.13, An. 3.3.16.

*ἔργω,

• do work, v. ἔρδω.

ἔργω, ep. ἐέργω, ion. = εἴργω (Wurzel Ϝεργ, s. auch ἔργνυμι), aor. ἔρξα, perf. pass. ἔεργμαι, ἔρχαται, u. plusqpf. ἔρχατο u. ἐέρχατο,
1) einschließen, einsperren, ἐν, Il. 21.282, Od. 10.283 ; ἐντὸς ἐέργειν, darin umschließen, umfassen, Il. 2.845, 9.404 ; δόμον ἐέργειν, das Haus verschließen, Od. 7.88 ; ἔρχατο σάκεσσι, waren mit Schildern eingeschlossen, geschirmt, Il. 17.354 ; γέφυραι ἐεργμέναι, geschlossen, festverbunden, 5.89.
2) ausschließen, absondern, trennen, fernhalten, Il. 23.72, Od. 9.221, 14.63 ; von Etwas, τινός, Il. 17.571 ; ἐεργόμενοι πολέμοιο, vom Treffen ferngehalten, 13.525 ; ἀλλὰ σὺ τῶν μὲν πάμπαν ἔεργʼ ἀεσίφρονα μῦθον Hes. O. 335 ; σιτίων τοὺς παῖδας ἐργόντων τῶν Κορινθίων Her. 3.48 ; ἔργετο ἑκὼν τῆς Κυρηναίων πόλιος, hielt sich fern, 4.164, vgl. 7.197 ; ἀπό τινος, Il. 4.130, 8.213 ; ἀπὸ τιμῆς Od. 11.503 ; ἔκ τινος, Orph. Arg. 1357. – Med. sich enthalten, τινός, Her. oft ; τῶν ἀσέπτων ἔρξεται Soph. O.R. 885.
3) drängen, zwingen, λαὸν ἐπʼ ἀριστερά, linkshin treiben, Il. 12.219 ; ἐπὶ νῆας 16.395 ; ἐκτὸς ἐέργειν, herausdrängen, Od. 12.219 ; ἀμφίς, s. unter diesem Worte.

ἔργω ², *ἔργω, od. eigtl. Ϝέργω, tun, im praes. ungebräuchlich, s. ἐργάζομαι, u. die anderen tempp. unter ἔρδω.

ἔργω 1,

and, with prothetic ἐ, ἐέργω,

contr. to εἴργω Il. 23.72 (ϝέργω, ἐϝέργω).

3 pl. aor. ἔρξαν Od. 14.411.

3 sing. aor. ἐέργαθε Il. 5.147. ἔργαθε Il. 11.437.

Acc. sing. masc. aor. pple. pass. ἐρχθέντα Il. 21.282.

3 pl. pf. ἔρχαται Il. 16.481: Od. 10.283.

Nom. pl. fem. pple. ἐεργμέναι Il. 5.89.

3 pl. plupf. ἐέρχατο Od. 10.241. ἔρχατο Il. 17.354: Od. 9.221, Od. 14.73. (ἀνεέργω, ἀπο-, διεέργω, προεέργω, συν-.)

• • 1

    To ward or keep off: [βέλος] ἀπὸ χροός Il. 4.130.

    To ward or keep off from.

    With genit.: παιδὸς μυῖαν Il. 4.131. Cf. Il. 17.571.

  • 2

    To keep at a distance, prevent the approach of: τῆλέ με εἴργουσι ψυχαί Il. 23.72.

    To debar: ἀπὸ τιμῆς Od. 11.503.

    To debar from participation in.

    With genit.: πολέμοιο Il. 13.525.

  • 3

    To keep apart: βόε ζυγὸν οἶον ἀμφὶς ἐέργει Il. 13.706 (i.e. they are as close together as the yoke admits).

    To keep off or from contact with something: ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἔεργε Il. 14.349.

    To keep (a ship) away, head (her) off: καπνοῦ ἐκτὸς ἔεργε νῆα Od. 12.219.

  • 4

    To separate, sever: ἀπʼ αὐχένος ὦμον Il. 5.147. Cf. Il. 11.437.

  • 5

    To shut up, confine: κλαίοντες ἐέρχατο Od. 10.241. Cf. Od. 9.221, Od. 10.283, Od. 14.73, 411.

    To coop up: ἐρχθέντʼ ἐν ποταμῷ Il. 21.282.

  • 6

    To debar from freedom of movement, constrain to movement in a specified direction: ἂψ ἐπὶ νῆας ἔεργεν Il. 16.395.

  • 7

    To pack together: σάκεσσιν ἔρχατο πάντῃ (were formed into, formed, a barrier with their shields) Il. 17.354.

    In reference to a dike or embankment, to draw it tight so as to form a continuous barrier in order to confine a river: γέφυραι ἐεργμέναι Il. 5.89.

    To form into a fence or containing substance: ἔνθα φρένες ἔρχαται ἀμφὶ κῆρ (contains, surrounds, the heart) Il. 16.481.

  • 8

    To bound: ὅσον ἐκ νηῶν ἀπὸ πύργου τάφρος ἔεργεν Il. 8.213 (app., the space which, measuring along a line drawn (outwards at any point) from the ships, the trench bounded at a distance from the wall, i.e. the space between the wall and the trench).

    To skirt, pass along: ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ λαὸν ἐέργων Il. 12.201 = 219 (see ἀριστερός 2.b).

    For ἐντὸς ἐέργειν see ἐντός 1.

*ἔργω2.

See next.

ἔργω (ϝέργ.), ipf. ἔεργε, ἐέργνῦ, aor. 3 pl. ἔρξαν, pass. perf. ἔεργμαι, 3 pl. ἐέρχαται, plup. 3 pl. ἔρχατο, ἐέρχατο, aor. part. acc. ἐρχθέντα: shut off by barrier or enclosure, ἐντὸς ἐέργειν, shut in, Il. 2.617, etc.; of simply ‘enclosing,’ διακεκριμέναι δὲ ἕκασται| ἔρχατο, the young animals were severally ‘penned,’ Od. 9.221, Od. 14.73; ἐρχθέντʼ ἐν ποταμῷ, ‘shut up,’ Il. 21.282; also of ‘crowding,’ ‘pressing closely,’ Il. 16.395; mostly w. specifying adv. (as ἐντός above), ζυγὸν ἀμφὶς ἐέργει (βόε), ‘holds apart,’ Il. 13.706; so ἐκτός, Od. 12.219; κατά, Od. 10.238; the gen. may follow even the simple verb, ὡς ὅτε μήτηρ| παιδὸς ἐέργῃ μυῖαν, ‘keeps a fly away from her child,’ Il. 4.131; ἐεργμέναι, Il. 5.89; better reading ἐερμέναι.

ἔργω for aor2 εἴργαθον v. sub ἐργαθεῖν Mid. and Pass., fut. ἔρξομαι, Attic εἴρξομαι

• to bar oneʼs way either by shutting in or shutting out:
• • Ito shut in, shut up, Lat. includere, Hom.; ἐντὸς ἐέργειν to enclose, bound, Il.; ἂψ ἐπὶ νῆας ἔεργε drove them to the ships and shut them up there, Il.:—of things, δόμον ἐέργειν to shut it up, Od.: —Pass., ἔρχατο were fenced in, Il.; γέφυραι ἐεργμέναι well-secured, strong-built, Il.
  • IIto shut out, Lat. excludere, Hom.; ἐκτὸς ἐέργειν Od.
  • • 2c. gen. to shut out or keep away from, Il., Hdt., Attic; and with Preps., ἔργ. τι ἀπό τινος Il.; c. dat. pers., εἴργειν μητρὶ δόρυ to keep it off from her, Aesch.:— Pass., εἰργόμενον θανάτου short of death, Aeschin.:— Mid. to keep oneself or abstain from, Hdt., Soph.
    • 3to hinder, prevent from doing, Theogn.:—Pass., οὐδὲν εἴργεται nothing is barred, i. e. all things are permitted, Soph.:—c. inf., mostly with μή added; εἴργει τόνδε μὴ θανεῖν νόμος Eur.; c. inf. only, οὐδὲν εἴργει τελειοῦσθαι τάδε Soph.

ἔργω

• to do work, obsol. Root, for which ἔρδω, ῥέζω, ἐργάζομαι are used in the pres.: for the fut., aor1 and perf., v. ἔρδω.