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ὅτε

ὅτε, ὅτε, when, whenever

ὅτε, also Cypr., Inscr.Cypr. 135.1 H., Dor. ὅκα, Aeol. ὄτα (qq. v.), Relat. Adv., formed from the Relat. stem ὁ- and τε (v. τε B), answering to demonstr. τότε and interrog. πότε; prop. of Time, but sts. passing into a causal sense (cf. ὁπότε).
  • A of Time, when, at the time when,
    • I Constr.:
      • 1 with ind. to denote single events or actions in past time, with impf. or aor., when, Il. 1.397, 432, etc.: rarely with plpf., 5.392: the Verb is sts. to be repeated from the apodosis, Καλλίξενος δὲ κατελθών, ὅ. καὶ οἱ ἐκ Πειραιῶς (sc. κατῆλθον) X. HG 1.7.35: freq. in ellipt. phrases, πῇ ἔβαν εὐχωλαί, ὅ. δὴ φάμεν εἶναι ἄριστοι; whither are gone the boasts, [which we made] when we said . . ? Il. 8.229: so after Verbs of perception and the like, ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ, ὅ. τʼ ἐκρέμω . .; rememberest thou not [the time] when . . ? 15.18, cf. 21.396, Od. 24.115, Ar. V. 354, Th. 2.21, etc.; ἄκουσα εὐχομένης ὅτʼ ἔφησθα . . Il. 1.397, cf. Pl. Lg. 782c; οὐδʼ ἔλαθʼ Αἴαντα Ζεύς, ὅ. δὴ Τρώεσσι δίδου . . νίκην Il. 17.627.
        • b with pres., of a thing always happening or now going on, 2.471; νῦν, ὅ . . . σοι ὀξέως ὑπακούω X. Cyr. 2.4.6; ᾔδεα μὲν γὰρ ὅ. . . Δαναοῖσιν ἄμυνεν, οἶδα δὲ νῦν ὅ. τοὺς . . κυδάνει Il. 14.71.
        • c rarely with fut., of a definite future, Od. 18.272.
      • 2 with opt., to denote repeated events or actions in past time, ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθʼ, ὅ. μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι whenever, as often as, Il. 1.610, cf. Od. 8.87, etc.; ὅ. δή Il. 3.216.
        • b sts. of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a Verb in the opt. or subj., οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις . ., ὅτʼ ἐν κονίῃσι μιγείης 3.55, cf. 18.465, 21.429, A. Eu. 726.
        • c ὅ. μή, in early authors always with opt., for εἰ μή, unless, except, save when, Il. 13.319, Od. 16.197, Arist. Pol. 1277a24: used by A.R. with subj., 1.245, 4.409.
      • 3 with subj., only in Ep. and Lyr., Il. 4.259, 19.337, 21.323, etc., prob. in A. Ag. 766 (lyr.).
    • II Special usages:
      • 1 in Hom. to introduce a simile, ὡς δʼ ὅτε as when, mostly with subj., Il. 2.147, 4.130, 141, 6.506, al.: sts. with ind., 16.364, 21.12: the Verb must freq. be supplied from the context, as in 2.394, 4.462.
      • 2 in the Ep. phrase πρίν γʼ ὅτε δή . ., ἤ is omitted before ὅτε, 9.488, 12.437, cf. Od. 13.322.
    • III ὅτε with other Particles,
      • 1 ὅτʼ ἄν, ὅτε κεν, v. ὅταν.
      • 2 ὅτε δή and ὅτε δή ῥα, stronger than ὅτε, freq. in Hom. and Hes., ὅτε δή Il. 5.65, al., Hes. Th. 280, al.; ὅτε δή ῥα Il. 4.446, al., Hes. Th. 58, al.; v. infr. IV. I; so ὅτʼ ἄρʼ Il. 10.540.
      • 3 ὅτε τε (where τε is otiose, v. τε B. I) 2.471, 10.83, etc.
      • 4 ὅτε περ even when, 5.802, 14.319, al., Hdt. 5.99, Th. 1.8, etc.; ὅτε πέρ τε Il. 4.259, 10.7.
    • IV the proper correl. Adv. is τότε, as ὅ. δὴ . ., τότε δὴ . . 10.365; ὅ. δή ῥʼ . ., δὴ τότε 23.721; ὅ. δὴ . ., καὶ τότε δὴ . . 22.208; ὅ. δή ῥα . ., καὶ τότʼ ἄρʼ 24.31: for τότε we sts. have ἔπειτα, 3.221; αὐτίκα δʼ, 4.210; δὲ . ., 5.438; also νῦν . ., ὅ . . . S. Aj. 710 (lyr.), etc.; μεθύστερον, ὅ. . . Id. Tr. 711; ἤματι τῷ, ὅ . . . Il. 2.743, etc.; so in Att., ἦν ποτε χρόνος, ὅ . . . Pl. Prt. 320c, cf. Phd. 75a, Hdt. 1.160.
      • 2 elliptical in the phrase ἔστιν ὅ. or ἔσθʼ ὅ., there are times when, sometimes, now and then, ἔστι ὅ. Id. 2.120; ἔστιν ὅ. Pl. Phd. 62a; ἔσθʼ ὅ. S. Aj. 56 (v. infr. C).
  • B ὅτε sts. has a causal sense, when, seeing that, mostly with pres. ind., Il. 16.433 (v.l. ὅ τε) ὅ. δή 20.29; and in Trag. and Att. Prose, as S. Aj. 1095, OT 918, Pl. Smp. 206b, R. 581e, Prt. 356c, Sph. 254b, etc.; so ὅ. γε Hdt. 5.92.αʹ: with pf. used as pres., S. Ph. 428, Ar. Nu. 34.
      • 2 sts. where ὥστε would be more usual, οὕτω . . πόρρω κλέος ἥκει, ὅ. καὶ βασιλεὺς ἠρώτησεν Id. Ach. 647.
  • C ὁτέ Indef. Adv., sometimes, now and then, used like ποτέ at the beginning of each of two corresponding clauses, now . ., now . ., sometimes . ., sometimes . . (not in early Prose, ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ὁτὲ δὲ . . Arist. Pol. 1290a4, al.), ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ἄλλοτε . . Il. 20.49 sq.; ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ἄλλοτε δʼ αὖ . . 18.599 sq.; ὁτὲ μέν τε . ., ἄλλοτε δὲ . . 11.64; ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ὁτὲ δʼ αὖτε . . A.R. 1.1270; ὁτὲ μέν τε . ., ὅτʼ αὖ . . Id. 3.1300; ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ποτὲ δὲ . . Plb. 6.20.8; ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ὁτὲ δὲ . ., καὶ ἄλλοτε . . D.L. 2.106; ὁτὲ μὲν . ., πάλιν δὲ . . Arist. EN 1100a28; ἐνίοτε μὲν . ., ὁτὲ δὲ . . Id. Mete. 360b3; ὁτὲ μὲν . ., ἢ . . Id. Po. 1448a21 (s. v.l.): also reversely, ἄλλοτε μὲν . ., ὁτὲ δὲ . . Il. 11.568; also ὁτὲ δέ in the second clause, without any correlative in the first, 17.178; S. joins ἔσθʼ ὅτε . ., ὅτʼ ἄλλοτʼ ἄλλον Aj. 56; ὁτὲ δέ alone, at the beginning of a clause, X. Cyn. 5.8 and 20, 9.8 and 20.
ὅτε, neut. of ὅστε: also Ion. masc. for ὅστε, v. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.

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