sapio

săpĭo, īvi or ĭi (sapui, Aug. Civ. Dei, 1, 10; id. Ep. 102, 10; but sapivi, Nov. ap. Prisc. p. 879 P.; id. ap. Non. 508, 21: sapisti, Mart. 9, 6, 7: sapisset, Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 8 (899)), 3, v. n. and a. [kindr. with ὀπός, σαφής, and σοφός], to taste, savor; to taste, smack, or savor of, to have a taste or flavor of a thing (cf. gusto).

• I Lit. (so only in a few examples).
• • • 1 Of things eaten or drunk: oleum male sapiet, Cato R. R. 66, 1: occisam saepe sapere plus multo suem, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 104 (584): quin caseus jucundissime sapiat, Col. 7, 8, 2: nil rhombus nil dama sapit, Juv. 11, 121.—With an acc. of that of or like which a thing tastes: quis (piscis) saperet ipsum mare, Sen. Q. N. 3, 18, 2: cum in Hispaniā multa mella herbam eam sapiunt, Plin. 11, 8, 8, § 18: ipsum aprum (ursina), Petr. 66, 6.—Poet.: anas plebeium sapit, has a vulgar taste, Petr. poët. 93, 2, 4: quaesivit quidnam saperet simius, Phaedr. 3, 4, 3.—*
    • 2 Of that which tastes, to have a taste or a sense of taste (perh. so used for the sake of the play upon signif. II.): nec sequitur, ut, cui cor sapiat, ei non sapiat palatus, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24.—
    • 3 Transf., of smell, to smell of or like a thing (syn.: oleo, redoleo; very rare): Cicero, Meliora, inquit, unguenta sunt, quae terram quam crocum sapiunt. Hoc enim maluit dixisse quam redolent. Ita est profecto; illa erit optima, quae unguenta sapiat, Plin. 17, 5, 3, § 38: invenitur unguenta gratiosiora esse, quae terram, quam quae crocum sapiunt, id. 13, 3, 4, § 21.—In a lusus verbb. with signif. II.: istic servus quid sapit? Ch. Hircum ab alis, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 47 (740).—
• II Trop.
• • • 1 To taste or smell of, savor of, i. e.,
    • • a To resemble (late Lat.): patruos, Pers. 1, 11.—
      • b To suggest, be inspired by: quia non sapis ea quae Dei sunt, Vulg. Matt. 16, 23; id. Marc. 8, 33.—
      • c Altum or alta sapere, to be high-minded or proud: noli altum sapere, Vulg. Rom. 11, 20: non alta sapientes, id. ib. 12, 16.—
    • 2 To have good taste, i.e. to have sense or discernment; to be sensible, discreet, prudent, wise, etc. (the predominant signif. in prose and poetry; most freq. in the P. a.).
    • • • α Neutr., Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 14 (680): si aequum siet Me plus sapere quam vos, dederim vobis consilium catum, etc., id. Ep. 2, 2, 73 (253) sq.: jam diu edepol sapientiam tuam abusa est haec quidem. Nunc hinc sapit, hinc sentit, id. Poen. 5, 4, 30 (1203); cf.: populus est moderatior, quoad sentit et sapit tuerique vult per se constitutam rem publicam, Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65; so (with sentire), Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 292 (444); id. Bacch. 4, 7, 19 (817); id. Merc. 2, 2, 24 (295); id. Trin. 3, 2, 10 (636) sq.; cf.: qui sapere et fari possit quae sentiat, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 9; Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 14 (122): magna est admiratio copiose sapienterque dicentis, quem qui audiunt intellegere etiam et sapere plus quam ceteros arbitrantur, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 48: veluti mater Plus quam se sapere Vult (filium), Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 27: qui (puer) cum primum sapere coepit, Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 1; Poët. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1: malo, si sapis, cavebis, if you are prudent, wise, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 17 (830); so, si sapis, id. Eun. 76; id. Men. 1, 2, 13 (122); id. Am. 1, 1, 155 (307); id. Aul. 2, 9, 5 (402); id. Curc. 1, 1, 28 (28) et saep.; Ter. Eun. 720; id. Heaut. 379: si sapias, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 39 (373); 4, 4, 61 (801); id. Poen. 1, 2, 138 (347); Ter. Heaut. 594; Ov. H. 5, 99; 20, 174: si sapies, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 78 (1002); id. Rud. 5, 3, 35 (1391); Ter. Heaut. 748; Ov. M. 14, 675: si sapiam, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 38 (608); id. Rud. 1, 2, 8 (96): si sapiet, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 74 (998): si saperet, Cic. Quint. 4, 16: hi sapient, * Caes. B. G. 5, 30: Ph. Ibo. Pl. Sapis, you show your good sense, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 9 (1319); id. Merc. 5, 2, 40 (881): hic homo sapienter sapit, id. Poen. 3, 2, 26 (603): quae (meretrix) sapit in vino ad rem suam, id. Truc. 4, 4, 1 (854); cf. id. Pers. 1, 3, 28 (108): ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius, Ter. Ad. 832: haud stulte sapis, id. Heaut. 323: te aliis consilium dare, Foris sapere, id. ib. 923: pectus quoi sapit, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 12 (651); id. Mil. 3, 1, 191 (786); id. Trin. 1, 2, 53 (91); cf.: cui cor sapiat, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: id (sc. animus mensque) sibi solum per se sapit, id sibi gaudet, Lucr. 3, 145.—
        • β Act., to know, understand a thing (in good prose usually only with general objects): recte ego rem meam sapio, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 81 (495): nullam rem, id. Most. 5, 1, 45 (1085): qui sibi semitam non sapiunt, alteri monstrant viam, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Cic. Att. 14, 5, 1; Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 65 (336); cf.: quamquam quis, qui aliquid sapiat, nunc esse beatus potest? Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 1: quantum ego sapio, Plin. Ep. 3, 6, 1: jam nihil sapit nec sentit, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 22 (820): nihil, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 45: plane nihil, id. Div. in Caecil. 17, 55: nihil parvum, i. e. to occupy one’s mind with nothing trivial (with sublimia cures), Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 15; cf.: cum sapimus patruos, i.e. resemble them, imitate them in severity, Pers. 1, 11. —
    • 3 Prov.: sero sapiunt Phryges, are wise behind the time; or, as the Engl. saying is, are troubled with afterwit: sero sapiunt Phryges proverbium est natum a Trojanis, qui decimo denique anno velle coeperant Helenam quaeque cum eā erant rapta reddere Achivis, Fest. p. 343 Müll.: in Equo Trojano (a tragedy of Livius Andronicus or of Naevius) scis esse in extremo, Sero sapiunt. Tu tamen, mi vetule, non sero, Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1.
• —Hence, să-pĭens, entis (abl. sing. sapiente, Ov. M. 10, 622; gen. plur. sapientum, Lucr. 2, 8; Hor. S. 2, 3, 296; but sapientium, id. C. 3, 21, 14), P. a. (acc. to II.), wise, knowing, sensible, well-advised, discreet, judicious (cf. prudens).
• • A In gen.: ut quisque maxime perspicit, quid in re quāque verissimum sit, quique acutissime et celerrime potest et videre et explicare rationem, is prudentissimus et sapientissimus rite haberi solet, Cic. Off. 1, 5, 16; cf.: sapientissimum esse dicunt eum, cui quod opus sit ipsi veniat in mentem: proxume acceder illum, qui alterius bene inventis obtemperet, id. Clu. 31, 84: M. Bucculeius, homo neque meo judicio stultus et suo valde sapiens, id. de Or. 1, 39, 179: rex aequus ac sapiens, id. Rep. 1, 26, 42; cf.: Cyrus justissimus sapientissimusque rex, id. ib. 1, 27, 43: bonus et sapiens et peritus utilitatis civilis, id. ib. 2, 29, 52: o, Neptune lepide, salve, Neque te aleator ullus est sapientior, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 29 (359): quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissima? id. Stich. 1, 2, 66 (123): (Aurora) ibat ad hunc (Cephalum) sapiens a sene diva viro, wise, discreet, Ov. H. 4, 96 Ruhnk.; so, puella, id. M. 10, 622: mus pusillus quam sit sapiens bestia, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 15 (868); id. As. 3, 3, 114 (704) et saep.—With gen. (analogous to gnarus, peritus, etc.): qui sapiens rerum esse humanarum velit, Gell. 13, 8, 2.—Subst.: săpĭens, entis, m., a sensible, shrewd, knowing, discreet, or judicious person: semper cavere hoc sapientes aequissimumst, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 20 (1246); cf.: omnes sapientes suom officium aequom est colere et facere, id. Stich. 1, 1, 38 (38); id. Trin. 2, 2, 84 (359): dictum sapienti sat est, id. Pers. 4, 7, 19 (729); Ter. Phorm. 541; Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 15 (428) sq.: insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15: sapiens causas reddet, id. S. 1, 4, 115: quali victu sapiens utetur, id. ib. 2, 2, 63; 1, 3, 132.—In a lusus verbb. with the signif. of sapio, I., a person of nice taste: qui utuntur vino vetere sapientes puto Et qui libenter veteres spectant fabulas, good judges, connoisseurs, Plaut. Cas. prol. 5: fecundae leporis sapiens sectabitur armos, Hor. S. 2, 4, 44.—As a surname of the jurists Atilius, C. Fabricius, M'. Curius, Ti. Coruncanius, Cato al., v. under B. fin.—
  • • • b Of abstract things: opera, Plaut. Pers. 4, 5, 2 (674): excusatio, Cic. Att. 8, 12, 2: modica et sapiens temperatio, id. Leg. 3, 7, 17: mores, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 25 (1251): verba, Ter. Ad. 769: consilium, Ov. M. 13, 433: Ulixes, vir sapienti facundiā praeditus, Gell. 1, 15, 3: morus, quae novissima urbanarum germinat, nec nisi exacto frigore, ob id dicta sapientissima arborum, Plin. 16, 25, 41, § 102.—
  • B After the predominance of Grecian civilization and literature, particularly of the Grecian philosophy, like σοφός, well acquainted with the true value of things, wise; and subst., a wise man, a sage (in Cic. saepiss.): ergo hic, quisquis est, qui moderatione et constantiā quietus animo est sibique ipse placatus ut nec tabescat molestiis nec frangatur timore nec sitienter quid expetens ardeat desiderio nec alacritate futili gestiens deliquescat; is est sapiens quem quaerimus, is est beatus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37: sapientium praecepta, id. Rep. 3, 4, 7: si quod raro fit, id portentum putandum est: sapientem esse portentum est. Saepius enim mulam peperisse arbitror, quam sapientem fuisse, id. Div. 2, 28, 61: statuere quid sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis, id. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 3, 9; cf. id. Rep. 1, 29, 45.—So esp. of the seven wise men of Greece: ut ad Graecos referam orationem ... septem fuisse dicuntur uno tempore, qui sapientes et haberentur et vocarentur, Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137: eos vero septem quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt, id. Rep. 1, 7, 12: sapienti assentiri ... se sapientem profiteri, id. Fin. 2,3, 7.—Ironically: sapientum octavus, Hor. S. 2, 3, 296.—With the Romans, an appellation of Laelius: te, Laeli, sapientem et appellant et existimant. Tribuebatur hoc modo M. Catoni: scimus L. Atilium apud patres nostros appellatum esse sapientem, sed uterque alio quodam modo: Atilius, qui prudens esse in jure civili putabatur; Cato quia multarum rerum usum habebat ... propterea quasi cognomen jam habebat in senectute sapientis ... Athenis unum accepimus et eum quidem etiam Apollinis oraculo sapientissimum judicatum, Cic. Lael. 2, 6; cf.: numquam ego dicam C. Fabricium, M'. Curium, Ti. Coruncanium, quos sapientes nostri majores judicabant, ad istorum normam fuisse sapientes, id. ib. 5, 18: ii, qui sapientes sunt habiti, M. Cato et C. Laelius, id. Off. 3, 4, 16; Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 7; Lact. 4, 1.—Hence, adv.: săpĭen-ter, sensibly, discreetly, prudently, judiciously, wisely: recte et sapienter facere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133 (285); id. Mil. 3, 3, 34 (908): consulere, id. ib. 3, 1, 90 (685): insipienter factum sapienter ferre, id. Truc. 4, 3, 33 (807): factum, id. Aul. 3, 5, 3 (477): dicta, id. Rud. 4, 7, 24 (1250): quam sapienter jam reges hoc nostri viderint, Cic. Rep. 2, 17, 31: provisa, id. ib. 4, 3, 3: a majoribus prodita fama, id. ib. 2, 2, 4: considerate etiam sapienterque fecerunt, id. Phil. 4, 2, 6; 13, 6, 13: vives sapienter, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 44: agendum, Ov. M. 13, 377: temporibus uti, Nep. Epam. 3, 1; Hor. C. 4, 9, 48.—Comp.: facis sapientius Quam pars latronum, etc., Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 15 (547); id. Poen. prol. 7: nemo est, qui tibi sapientius suadere possit te ipso, Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1: sapientius fecisse, id. Brut. 42, 155.—Sup.: quod majores nostros et probavisse maxime et retinuisse sapientissime judico, Cic. Rep. 2, 37, 63.

sapio, iī, ere (Wz. săp-, schmecken, riechen, merken, ahd. int-sebjan, bemerken), I) schmecken, Geschmack haben, von Dingen, die gegessen oder getrunken werden, a) eig.: sus sapit, Plaut.: oleum male sapiet, Cato: caseus iucundissime sapit, Colum.: qualiter (quisque eorum piscium) assus aut iussulentus optime sapiat, Apul.: pectore tantum et cervice sapit (anas), Mart.: hic scarus visceribus bonus est, cetera vile sapit (schmeckt schlecht), Mart.: mit Acc. der Sache, wonach es schmeckt, mella herbam eam sapiunt, Plin. – b) übtr., nach etwas riechen, crecum (v. e. Salbe), Cic. u. Plin.: sed istic servos quid sapit? wonach riecht er? Plaut. Pseud. 737. – c) bildl., patruos, ihnen ähnlich sein, solche Tadler sien wie sie, Pers. 1, 11. – II) schmecken, Geschmack haben, a) eig., von denen, die eine Sache genießen, ut, cui cor sapiat, ei non sapiat palatus, Cic. de fin. 2, 24. – b) bildl., weise sein, Verstand haben, verständig sein, Einsicht haben, qui ipse sibi sapiens prodesse non quit, nequiquam sapit, Enn. fr.: foris (= aliis) sapere, Ter.: sapere eum plus quam ceteros, Cic.: nihil, keinen Verstand haben, albern, dumm sein, Cic.: dagegen quoi pectus sapit, ein Mann von Kopf u. Herz, Plaut.: nil parvum, keinen Geschmack an niedrigen Dingen haben, Hor.: si sapis, Ter.: sapienter sapit, er ist gar schlau, Plaut.: haud stulte sapis, du bist nicht auf den Kopf gefallen, bist nicht dumm, bist gar klug, Ter.: sapit ad omnia, Ter.: m. Acc. = verstehen, nullam rem, Plaut.: recta, Cic.: quantum ego sapio, Plin. ep.: so auch m. Infin., qui se continere non sapiunt, Ps. Augustin. serm. app. 292, 7. – ➳ Perfektformen, sapisti, Mart. 3, 2, 6; 9, 5, 1; 11, 106, 4: sapisset, Plaut. rud. 899: sapivi, Nov. com. 95: sapui, Hieron. epist. 3, 1. Augustin. de civ. dei 1, 10 u.a. Eccl.; vgl. Prisc. 10, 7 ›sapio‹ tam ›sapui‹ vel ›sapii‹ quam ›sapivi‹.

See: sapere

săpiō, (9) ĭī, ĕre, intr. et tr.

I intr., avec parfois acc. de lʼobjet intérieur ¶ 1 avoir du goût : oleum male sapit Cato Agr. 66, 1, lʼhuile a un mauvais goût ; mella herbam eam sapiunt Plin. 11, 18, le miel a le goût de cette plante, cf. Sen. Nat. 3, 18, 2 ¶ 2 sentir, exhaler une odeur : crocum Cic. de Or. 3, 99 (dʼaprès Plin. 17, 38 ; 13, 21 ), sentir le safran.

II

A intr., avec parfois acc. de lʼobjet intérieur ¶ 1 avoir du goût, sentir par le sens du goût : non sequitur ut, cui cor sapiat, ei non sapiat palatus Cic. Fin. 2, 24, le (goût) le discernement de lʼesprit nʼexclut pas forcément le discernement du palais ¶ 2 [fig.] avoir de lʼintelligence, du jugement : Cic. Rep. 1, 65 ; Off. 2, 48 ; pectus quoi sapit Pl. Bacch. 659, celui dont lʼintelligence est avisée ; ad omnia alia ætate sapimus rectius Ter. Ad. 832, pour tout le reste, avec lʼâge nous avons des vues plus justes ; hi sapient Cæs. G. 5, 30, 2, ceux-ci sauront apprécier ; nihil sapere Cic. Phil. 2, 8, être sans intelligence, être niais ; si sapis Ter. Eun. 76, si tu es sage, avisé ; recta Cic. Att. 14, 5, 1, avoir des vues justes, juger sainement.

B tr., se connaître en qqch., connaître, comprendre, savoir : meam rem sapio Pl. Ps. 496, je connais mon affaire ; nullam rem sapis Pl. Most. 1094, tu nʼy entends rien ; qui sibi semitam non sapiunt Enn. d. Cic. Div. 1, 132, ceux qui ne connaissent pas leur sentier.

➳ formes du pf. : sapisti Mart. 3, 2, 6, etc. ; sapisset Pl. Rud. 899 ; sapivi Nov. Com. 95 ; sapui Hier. Ep. 3, 1 ; Aug. Civ. 1, 10, etc., cf. Prisc. Gramm. 10, 7.

sapio , is, ivi vel ii vel ui, ere. n. act. 3.
有味。明智。{} — patruos 帥先人之智。— recta 會行眞道。Sapit mare 有海之味。鹹。Sapit ei cor 彼明智也。Sapit ei palatus 會嘗滋味。

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sapiō īvī, —, ere

• SAP-, to taste of, smack of, savor of, have a flavor of: nil rhombus nil dama sapit, has no flavor, Iu.: Quaesivit, quidnam saperet (simius), Ph.—To have a sense of taste, perceive flavors: ut, cui cor sapiat, ei non sapiat palatus. —Fig., to have taste, have discernment, be sensible, be discreet, be wise, discern: populus est moderatior, quoad sentit et sapit: Qui sapere et fari possit quae sentiat, H.: abeas, si sapis, if you are wise, T.: hi sapient, Cs.: te aliis consilium dare, Foris sapere, T.: Qui sibi semitam non sapiunt, alteri monstrant viam, know, C.poët.: quamquam quis, qui aliquid sapiat, nunc esse beatus potest?: nihil: Nil parvum, i. e. attend to nothing trivial, H.—Prov.: sero sapiunt, are wise too late.