simul

simul omnibus portis eruperunt
they burst out from all the gates at once simul procul conspexit armatos, recessit
as soon as he caught sight of armed men far off, he withdrew

simul : (adv.), at once, together, at the same time, 1.144, et al.; w. abl. (cum being omitted), 5.357; simul ac or atque, as soon as, 4.90; without ac, as soon as, when; w. et, 1.144; simul — simul, and at the same time — and, 1.631; both — and, 1.513, et al.; as soon as — then, no sooner — than, 12.268.

sĭmŭl (ante-class. also sĕmŭl, Plaut. Trin. prol. p. 97 Ritschl; v. infra; and sĕ-mŏl, C. I. L. 1175 fin.; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 96; cf. also simitu. The final l of simul was scarcely pronounced in the vulg. lang., and in comic poetry does not make position with an initial consonant following; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 643 sq.; Lorenz ad Plaut. Ps. 567), adv. [Sanscr. sama-; Gr. ἅμα, ὅμος]; cf. semel, = eodem tempore, unā, at the same time, together, at once, as soon as.

• I Referring, as temporal adverb, to plural nouns of the same sentence, and representing persons or things as acting, happening, etc., simultaneously.
• • • 1 After a plural subject: hunc ambo in saxo semul sedent ejecti, Plaut. Rud. prol. 72: multa concurrunt simul, Ter. And. 511: (duo homines) simul cenare voluerunt, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: Zmyrnae cum simul essemus compluris dies, id. Rep. 1, 8, 13: tres simul soles effulserunt, Liv. 41, 21 fin.: tria simul agmina populabantur Indos, Curt. 9, 10, 7: duo simul hujusmodi personae Ciceroni obstiterunt, Quint. 11, 1, 69: Othonem multa simul exstimulabant, Tac. H. 1, 21; Cic. Fam. 9, 1, 2; id. Att. 5, 10, 5; Liv. 21, 33, 3; 41, 2 init.; Curt. 4, 15, 22.—Sometimes the logical subject is understood: multos modios salis simul (i. e. amicis) edendos esse, Cic. Lael. 19, 67.—Sometimes both the subject and predicate are understood: quare si simul (i. e. nos agere) placebit, Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2.—
    • 2 With a plur. object: (Alcumena) uno partu duos peperit semul, Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 8 (1138): duas res simul nunc agere decretum'st mihi, Plaut. Merc. prol. 1: si duos consules simul ex Italiā ejectos ... res publica tenere potuisset, Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29: ambo cum simul conspicimus, Liv. 40, 46 init.: simul omnibus portis erupit, id. 40, 48 fin.; cf. Auct. Her. 3, 12, 22; Liv. 8, 37, 5; 21, 60; 40, 30; 42, 7; Curt. 5, 9, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 76; 10, 3, 23; 10, 7, 16.—So with singular implying a plural: tota (urbs) simul exsurgere aedificiis coepit, Liv. 6, 4, 6: totam simul causam ponit ante oculos, Quint. 6, 1, 1.—After an adverb. implying a plural noun: igitur undique simul (i. e. ex omnibus locis simul) speculatores citi sese ostendunt, Sall. J. 101, 1.—
    • 3 Referring to plural attributes: omnium simul rerum ... discrimine proposito, Liv. 6, 35, 6: multarum simul civitatium legati Romam convenerunt, id. 43, 6, 1.—
    • 4 Referring to an attributive participle understood: multitudo plurium simul gentium (= simul eodem loco versantium), Liv. 44, 45: trium simul bellorum victor (= eodem tempore gestorum), id. 6, 4, 1: inter duo simul bella, id. 7, 27, 7: tot simul malis victi, Curt. 4, 4, 12.
• II Referring to nouns, etc., connected by the preposition cum: simul cum = unā cum (v. una, s. v. unus), together with: novi (illum) cum Calchā semul, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 48 (800): jube in urbem veniat jam tecum semul, id. Most. 4, 2, 26 (910): qui ipsus equidem nunc primum istanc tecum conspicio semul? id. Am. 2, 2, 122 (754): me misisti ad portum cum luci semul, id. Stich. 2, 2, 40 (364): quae (amicitia) incepta a parvis cum aetate adcrevit simul, Ter. And. 539: simul consilium cum re amīsti? id. Eun. 241: Critolaum simul cum Diogene venisse commemoras, Cic. Or. 2, 38, 100: Hortensius tecum simul pro Appio Claudio dixit, id. Brut. 64, 230: cum corporibus simul animos interire, id. Lael. 4, 13: vobiscum simul considerantis, id. Rep. 1, 46, 70: testamentum Cyri simul obsignavi cum Clodio, id. Mil. 18, 48: simul cum lege Aeliā magistratum iniit, id. Att. 1, 16, 13: simul cum lumine pandit, id. Arat. 704 (452): simul cum moribus immutatur fortuna, Sall. C. 2, 5: cum animā simul, id. ib. 33, 4: simul cum occasu solis, id. J. 91, 2: simul cum dono designavit templi finis, Liv. 1, 10, 5: si (dictator) se (Fabium) simul cum gloriā rei gestae extinxisset, id. 8, 31, 7: ut cresceret simul et neglegentia cum audaciā hosti, id. 31, 36, 7; cf. Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 136 (768); id. Aul. 4, 4, 28 (655); id. Bacch. 4, 1, 5 (577); id. Cist. 4, 2, 105 (775); id. Ep. 1, 1, 39 (39); id. Men. prol. 27; 2, 3, 54 (404); 5, 1, 36 (736); id. Merc. 2, 1, 31 (255); id. Most. 1, 2, 17 (100); Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 13; id. Tusc. 3, 18, 40; id. de Or. 2, 33, 142; 3, 3, 10; id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Sest. 22, 50; id. Fam. 15, 4, 8; Liv. 1, 31, 3; Nep. 3, 2; 11, 3; 18, 3; 23, 6; Quint. 11, 3, 65; Hor. Epod. 1, 8; id. S. 1, 1, 58.—Strengthened by una: quippe omnes semul didicimus tecum unā, Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 50 (553); cf. id. Most. 4, 3, 43 (1035).—With ellipsis of mecum: qui scribis morderi te interdum quod non simul sis, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8.—Freq. cum eo (eis, etc.) must be supplied after simul, likewise, together with him, them, etc.: in vigiliam quando ibat miles, tum tu ibas semul (i. e. cum eo)? Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 86 (1188): cum simul P. Rutilius venisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17: hos qui simul erant missi, fallere, id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110: prae metu ne simul (i. e. cum iis) Romanus irrumperet, Liv. 5, 13, 13: extra turbam ordinem conlocuntur semul (i. e. inter se), Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 69 (221); cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 180 (812); Cic. Pis. 34, 84; Liv. 6, 11, 5; Curt. 8, 13, 3.—Simul with abl. alone = cum with abl. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. Gr. ἅμα with dat.): simul his, Hor. S. 1, 10, 86: quippe simul nobis habitat, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 29: his simul, Sil. 3, 268: Magnetibus simul transmissi, Tac. A. 4, 55: quindecimviri septemviris simul, id. ib. 3, 64; cf. id. ib. 6, 9; Sil. 5, 418; Sen. Troad. 1049.
• III Referring to a preceding adverb. clause, at the same time, i.e. as that of the action described: juris ubi dicitur dies, simul patronis dicitur, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 17 (587): quamquam ego vinum bibo, at mandata hau consuevi semul bibere una (= bibere quom vinum bibo, una cum vino), id. Pers. 2, 1, 3 (170): quando nihil sit (quod det), semul amare desinat, id. Ps. 1, 3, 73 (302) Fleck.: ubi res prolatae sunt, quom rus homines eunt, semul prolatae res sunt nostris dentibus, id. Capt. 1, 1, 10 (78); id. Ps. 4, 7, 84 (1186); cf.: domum numquam introibis, nisi feres pallam simul (i. e. cum introibis), Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104 (674).
• IV Referring to two or more co-ordinate terms or facts representing these as simultaneous, and at the same time, and also, both ... and (at once), together.
• • • 1 Referring to co-ordinate terms of the same sentence.
    • • a Simul preceding all the coordinate terms which are connected by et, ac, atque, que, or by et ... et (freq. in the histt.): semul flere sorbereque haud facile est, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 104 (793): Q. Hortensi ingenium simul aspectum et probatum est, Cic. Brut. 64, 228: Bomilcar, simul cupidus incepta patrandi, et timore socii anxius, Sall. J. 70, 5: dicenti lacrimae simul spiritum et vocem intercluserunt, Liv. 40, 16 init.: quae simul auxilio tribunicio et consensu plebis impediri coepta, id. 6, 27, 9: Lycios sub Rhodiorum simul imperio et tutelā esse, id. 41, 6 fin.: Priverni qui simul a Fundanis ac Romanis defecerunt, id. 8, 19, 11: simul divinae humanaeque spei pleni pugnam poscunt, id. 10, 40, 1: eximio simul honoribus atque virtutibus, id. 6, 11, 3: obruit animum simul luctus metusque, id. 42, 28; 5, 26, 10; Val. Max. 5, 2, 6: simul ipsum Vitellium contemnebant metuebantque, Tac. H. 2, 92; cf. Liv. 3, 38, 12; 3, 50, 12; 5, 7, 3; 6, 18, 5; 6, 33, 9; 6, 40, 4; 9, 12, 4; 27, 51, 12; Caes. B. G. 7, 48; Curt. 5, 4, 30; Sen. Q. N. 2, 54, 2.—So with three or more co-ordinate terms, either all connected by et, Caes. B. G. 4, 24, 2; Quint. 1, 12, 3; 10, 7, 23; or asyndetic: nunc simul res, fides, fama, virtus, decus deseruerunt, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 60 (143).—
      • b Simul after all the coordinate terms (mostly ante-class.): nunc operam potestis ambo mihi dare et vobis simul, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 40 (1099): faxo et operam et vinum perdiderit simul, id. Aul. 3, 6, 42 (578): ut si quis sacrilegii et homicidii simul accusetur, Quint. 12, 1, 4; cf. Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 92 (750); id. Men. 3, 3, 16 (539); Mart. 11, 58, 10.—
      • c Simul after the first of the co-ordinate terms (so not in Cic.): convenit regnum simul atque locos ut haberet, Naev. Bell. Pun. 1, 6, fr. 3: oculis simul ac mente turbatum, Liv. 7, 26, 5: quod ubi auditum simul visumque est, id. 8, 39, 7: pulvere simul ac sudore perfusum, Curt. 3, 5, 2: terrestri simul navalique clade, id. 4, 3, 14: vota nuncupabantur simul et solvebantur, Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5: qui ima simul ac summa foveret aequaliter, Sen. Ep. 90, 25; cf. Liv. 4, 32, 12; Curt. 3, 8, 23; 6, 5, 19; 8, 5, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 30.—In post-Aug. prose without any temporal idea, = as well as: populi Romani facta simul ac dicta memoratu digna ... deligere constitui, Val. Max. 1 prol.; so id. 1, 1, 9.—
      • d Placed before the last term.
      • • α Simul et (= simul etiam), and at the same time, and also: Jugurtha, postquam oppidum Capsam aliosque locos munitos, simul et magnam pecuniam amiserat, Sall. J. 97, 1: Marium fatigantem de profectione, simul et invisum et offensum, id. ib. 73, 2: Marius hortandi causā, simul et nobilitatem exagitandi, contionem advocavit, id. ib. 84, 5: milites modesto imperio habiti, simul et locupletes, id. ib. 92, 2: Perseus cum adventu consulis, simul et veris principio strepere omnia cerneret, Liv. 44, 34 fin.; cf. Hor. C. 1, 20, 6.—
        • β Simulque (rare): ut (materia) fragilis incumberet, simulque terra umore diluta, Curt. 8, 10, 25.—
        • γ Simul, without any conjunction (so in Cic., but only poet.): Neptuno grates habeo et tempestatibus, semul Mercurio qui, etc., Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 3 (404): Electra Stereopeque, simul sanctissima Maja, Cic. Arat. 270 (36): inter solis iter, simul inter flamina venti, id. ib. 342 (101): ambiguus consilii, num Dyrrhachium pedite atque equite, simul longis navibus mare clauderet, Tac. H. 2, 83. —
      • e Inserted in the last term (poet.): memor Actae non alio rege puertiae, Mutataeque simul togae, Hor. C. 1, 36, 9; interea Maecenas advenit atque Coccejus, Capitoque simul Fontejus, id. S. 1, 5, 32.—
    • 2 Referring to two or more co-ordinate clauses or sentences.
    • • a Et simul or simulque: contundam facta Talthybi, contem namque omnes nuntios, semulque cursuram meditabor ad ludos Olympios, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 34 (307): eamus, et de istac simul consilium volo capere una tecum, i. e. while going, Ter. Eun. 613: quod ... et simul quia, Lucr. 5, 1181: ratio Ecquaenam fuerit origo ... et simul ecquae sit finis, etc., id. 5, 1213: sed iidem illi ita mecum loquuntur ... et simul admonent quiddam quod cavebimus, etc., Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 28: ex tuis litteris cognovi festinationem tuam, et simul sum admiratus cur, etc., id. Fam. 7, 8, 1: emergit Nixi caput, et simul effert sese clara Fides et, etc., id. Arat. 713 (460): postquam Rutilium consedisse accepit, simulque ex Jugurthae proelio clamorem augeri, Sall. J. 52, 6: equites ex equis desiliunt, simulque et hosti se opponunt, et animos peditum accendunt, Liv. 3, 62, 8: tum rigere omnibus corpora ... et simul lassitudine et ... fame etiam deficere, id. 21, 54, 9; 41, 3; Cic. Arat. 504 (259); 545 (299); Curt. 4, 2, 21; Quint. 2, 5, 13.—
      • b Simul with autem or enim, introducing the second sentence: salve! simul autem vale! Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1 (830): augeamus sane suspicionem tuam; simul enim augebimus diligentiam, Cic. Marc. 7, 22.—
      • c Simul preceding co-ordinate sentences, generally connected by et ... et, but also by a single copulative conjunction: simul enim et rei publicae consules, et propones ei exempla ad imitandum, Cic. Phil. 10, 2, 5: illa autem altera ratio quae simul et opinionem falsam tollit, et aegritudinem detrahit, id. Tusc. 4, 28, 60: simul et inopiam frumenti lenire, et ignaris omnibus parare, Sall. J. 91, 1: nullus portus erat qui simul et omnīs onerarias caperet, et tecta legionibus praeberet, Liv. 32, 18, 3: simul et cohors invasit, et ex omnibus oppidi partibus ... concurrerunt, id. 32, 24, 3: simul Metelli imagines dereptae, et missi qui Antonio nuntiarent. Tac. H. 3, 13; cf. Suet. Caes. 57.—
    • 3 Referring to co-ordinate clauses introduced by subordinating conjunctions: Mnesilochum ut requiram atque ut eum mecum ad te adducam semul, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 2 (527): tantum faciam ut notam apponam ... et simul significem, etc., Cic. Fam. 13, 6, 2: quod eo liberius ad te seribo, quia nostrae laudi favisti, simulque quod video non novitati esse invisum meae, id. ib. 1, 7, 8; 7, 10, 3.—If used in connecting dependent clauses, simul often stands for a co-ordinating conjunction; v. VI. infra.
• V Introducing an independent sentence, at the same time, also, likewise (cf.: itaque, igitur, deinde, tum, etc.).
• • • 1 Simul alone: ego Tiresiam consulam quid faciundum censeat: semul hanc rem ut facta est eloquar, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 77 (1129): sequimini! simul circumspicite ne quis adsit arbiter, id. Mil. 4, 4, 1 (1137): alterum ipse efficiam ut attente audiatis. Simul illud oro: si, etc., Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 10: hoc proprium virtutis existimant ... simul hoc se fore tutiores arbitrantur, Caes. B. G. 6, 23: Valerio Samnitium legiones occurrunt ... simul in Campanos stimulabat ira, Liv. 7, 32, 3: tibi (Apollo) decimam partem praedae voveo. Te simul, Juno, precor ut, etc., id. 5, 21, 3.—
    • 2 More freq. simul et (= etiam): quia videbitur Magis verisimile id esse ... simul et conficiam facilius ego quod volo, Ter. Heaut. 803: nolite committere ut in re tam inveteratā quidquam novi sentiatis. Simul et illa omnia ante oculos vestros proponite, etc., Cic. Balb. 28, 65: demonstravi haec Caecilio. Simul et illud ostendi, me ei satisfacturum, id. Att. 1, 1, 4: legati jam reverterant ... simul venerant et ab rege Perseo oratores qui, etc., Liv. 41, 19 med.: ipse ad Sycurium progressus, opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit. Simul et frumentari passim exercitum jubet, id. 42, 54 fin.; cf. Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 14 (755); Cic. Or. 2, 85, 349; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 12, § 34; id. Prov. Cons. 15, 36; id. Balb. 25, 56; id. Arat. 618 (372); 628 (382); 707 (454); 721 (468); Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 6, 8; Sall. C. 30, 2; id. J. 100, 3; Liv. 8, 9, 13; 8, 32, 5; 10, 3, 2; 40, 32; 4, 49, 3; Tac. H. 1, 1; 1, 52; 2, 53; 3, 15; 3, 18; 3, 20; 3, 29; 3, 42; 3, 82.
• VI Simul itself stands as co-ordinating conjunction, to connect dependent clauses represented as contemporaneous, and at the same time, and also (not ante-class.; rare in Cic.; freq. in the histt.): ei Verres possessionem negat se daturum, ne posset patronum suum juvare, simul ut esset poena quod, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 124: omnes vocat ad diripiendos Eburones, ut potius Gallorum vita quam legionarius miles periclitetur, simul ut ... pro tali facinore stirps et nomen civitatis tollatur, Caes. B. G. 6, 34: quippe foedum hominem a republicā procul esse volebat; simul quia boni complures praesidium in eo putabant, Sall. C. 19, 2: cujus de virtute, quia multi dixere, praetereundum puto, simul ne per insolentiam quis existumet memet studium meum laudando extollere, id. J. 4, 2: nihil horum ... discere cum cerneret posse, simul et tirocinio et perturbatione juvenis moveretur, etc., Liv. 39, 47: a sermone Graeco puerum incipere malo, quia Latinum vel nobis nolentibus perhibet, simul quia disciplinis quoque Graecis prius instruendus est, Quint. 1, 1, 12; Sall. J. 20, 1; Liv. 39, 33, 1; 8, 6, 11; Caes. B. C. 43, 2; Sall. C. 20, 3; 56, 5; Liv. 3, 50, 10; 40, 36 init.; Tac. H. 1, 70; 2, 15.—So, connecting participial expressions or adverbial phrases with dependent clauses: his amicis confisus Catilina, simul quod aes alienum ingens erat, et quod ... opprimendae reipublicae consilium cepit, Sall. C. 16, 4: hi, quod res in invidiā erat, simul et ab Numidis obsecrati, id. J. 25, 5: ob eam iram, simul ut praeda militem aleret, duo milia peditum ... populari agrum jussit, Liv. 21, 52, 5; 3, 66, 3: equites praemisit speculatum, simul ut ignem exstinguerent, Curt. 4, 10, 11: Otho, quamquam turbidis rebus, etc., simul reputans non posse, etc., Tac. H. 1, 83 init.: committere igitur eum (locum) non fidelissimis sociis noluit, simul quod ab illā parte urbis navibus aditus ex alto est, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 84; Liv. 9, 2, 5; Tac. H. 1, 70 fin.; 2, 28; 2, 30.
• VII Simul. as co-ordinating conjunction, is frequently placed before each of the co-ordinate terms (simul ... simul = ἅμα μὲν ... ἅμα δέ), partly ... partly; not only ... but at the same time (not anteAug.).
• • • 1 With independent clauses: simul castra oppugnabantur, simul pars exercitūs ad populandum agrum Romanum missa, Liv. 3, 5, 2: accolas Hannibal simul perlicit ad naves fabricandas, simul et ipsi traici exercitum cupiebant, id. 21, 26, 7: ab his simul custodes trucidari coepti, simul datum signum armatis ut ex insidiis concurrerent, id. 9, 25, 8: simul gratias agit, simul gratulatur quod, etc., Curt. 6, 7, 15; cf. Verg. A. 1, 631 sq.; 2, 220 sqq.; 12, 268; Liv. 1, 9, 5.—
    • 2 With dependent clauses: venit ad quaerendum, simul quod non deducerent praesidia, simul quod in Bithyniam auxilia missi forent, Liv. 39, 46 fin.: Perseus cum audisset, simul Meliboeam a consulis exercitu oppugnari, simul classem Iolci stare, id. 44, 13 init.: consul ad Phylan ducit, simul ut praesidium firmaret, simul ut militi frumentum divideret, id. 44, 8, 1: simul questi ... simul nuntiantes, id. 42, 46: plus quam imponebatur oneris recepi, simul ut pleniore obsequio demererer amantissimos mei, simul ne ... alienis vestigiis insisterem, Quint. prooem. 3.—Rarely connecting a dependent clause with an independent sentence: Athenas ierant, simul ut pro legatione praemio esset honos, simul peritos legum peregrinarum ad condenda nova jura usui fore credebant, Liv. 3, 35, 5; cf. Verg. A. 12, 758.—
    • 3 Co-ordinating dependent clauses with adverbial phrases: Germani frequenter in castra venerunt, simul sui purgandi causā, simul ut de induciis impetrarent, Caes. B. G. 4, 13: Philippus, simul ne ocio miles deterior fieret, simul avertendae suspicionis causā ... in Maedicam ducere pergit, Liv. 40, 21, 1. —
    • 4 Connecting single nouns or phrases belonging to the same predicate: cum simul fragor rupti pontis, simul clamor Romanorum impetum sustinuit, Liv. 2, 10, 10: ad se simul legatos, simul milites missos, id. 42, 52 med.: et Romae simul dilectu, simul tributo conferendo laboratum est, id. 5, 10, 3: increpando simul temeritatem, simul ignaviam, id. 2, 65, 4: tum vero si mul ab hostibus, simul ab iniquitate locorum Poeni oppugnabantur, id. 21, 33, 5: inter simul complorationem feminarum, simul nefandam caedem, id. 41, 11: simul a mari, simul a terrā ingredienti, id. 44, 12 med.; cf. Tac. A. 1, 49; 14, 40; id. Agr. 25; 36; 41; Verg. G. 3, 201; id. A. 1, 513; Hor. S. 2, 2, 73.
• VIII Simul, in connection with ac, atque (also written in one word, sĭmŭlac, sĭmŭlatque), rarely with ut, and very rarely with et, is used as subordinating, temporal conjunction, as soon as. For simulac, etc., simul alone is freq.
• • • 1 Simul ac: simul ac lacrimas de ore noegeo (i. e. candido) detersit, Liv. And. ap. Fest. p. 174 Müll.: Demenaetum simul ac conspexero hodie, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 73 (479): non simul ac se ipse commovit, sensit quid intersit, Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 16, 51: si simul ac procul conspexit armatos, recessisset, id. Caecin. 16, 46: dicebam, simul ac timere desisses, similem te futurum tui, id. Phil. 2, 35, 89: Alcibiades, simul ac se remiserat, dissolutus reperiebatur, Nep. Alcib. 1. 4: at mihi plaudo Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arcā, Hor. S. 1, 1, 67; cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 108; id. Fam. 15, 16, 2; id. Planc. 41, 98; id. Phil. 4, 1, 1; id. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 46;id.de Or. 2, 27, 117; Verg. A. 4, 90; 12, 222; Ov. M. 2, 167; Hor. S. 1, 2, 33; 1, 4, 119; 1, 8, 21.—Strengthened by primum (= ut primum): simul ac primum ei occasio visa est, quaestor consulem deseruit, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 13, § 34; so id. ib. 2, 1, 52, § 138; id. Phil. 4, 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 30; id. Ner. 43.—
    • 2 Simul atque: L. Clodius, simul atque introductus est, rem conficit, Cic. Clu. 14, 40: simul atque increpuit suspicio tumultus, artes ilico nostrae conticescunt, id. Mur. 10, 22: simul atque audivit ejus interitum, suo Marte res suas recuperavit, id. Phil. 2, 37, 95: simul atque enim se infiexit hic rex in dominatum injustiorem, fit continuo tyrannus, id. Rep. 2, 26, 49: simul atque sibi hic adnuisset, numeraturum se dicebat, id. Quint. 5, 18: qui, simul atque in oppidum venerat, inmittebantur illi continuo Cibyratici canes, id. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 47: simul atque de Caesaris adventu cognitum est, Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 3; cf. Cic. Planc. 41, 98; id. Phil. 8, 10, 31; Suet. Caes. 29; id. Galb. 7.—
    • 3 Simul ut (v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33): simul ut experrecti sumus, visa illa contemnimus, Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 16, 51: simul ut accepi a Seleuco litteras tuas, statim quaesivi, etc., id. Fam. 6, 18, 1: nostros omnia consequi potuisse, simul ut velle coepissent, id. Tusc. 4, 2, 5; id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (6, 2): simul ut, qui sint professi, videro, dicam, id. Planc. 6, 14; id. Att. 10, 4, 12: nam simul ut supero se totum lumine Cancer extulit, extemplo cedit delapsa Corona, id. Arat. 596 (349).—
    • 4 Simul et: simul et quid erit certi, scribam ad te, Cic. Att. 2, 20, 2: ego ad te statim habebo quod scribam, simul et videro Curionem, id. ib. 10, 4, 12: quam accepi simul et in Cumanum veni, id. ib. 10, 16, 4; 16, 11, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 3. In all these passages the Cod. Med. has simul et, which the editors variously changed into simulatque, simulac, simul ut, simul; so, omne animal simul et ortum est, se ipsum diligit, Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33, where the vulg. has simul ut, and Madv. reads simul [et] ortum.—
    • 5 Simul ubi: quod simul ubi conspexit, equites emisit, Liv. 4, 18, 7 dub. Weissenb. ad loc.—
    • 6 Simul alone, = simul atque: simul herbae inceperint nasci, Cato R. R. 48: hic simul argentum repperit, curā sese expedivit, Ter. Phorm. 823: simul limen intrabo, illi extrabunt illico, Afran. ap. Non. 104, 21 (Com. Rel. v. 5 Rib.): simul inflavit tibicen, a perito carmen agnoscitur, Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 27, 86: nostri, simul in arido constiterunt, in hostes impetum fecerunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.: simul increpuere arma, hostis pedem rettulit, Liv. 6, 24, 1; cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 12; id. Fin. 3, 6, 21; id. Arat. 594 (349); Caes. B. C. 1, 30, 3; Liv. 3, 62, 6; 4, 18, 6; 4, 31, 5; 4, 32, 6; 5, 25, 11; 8, 32, 2; 21, 55, 9; 44, 8 med.; 44, 19; 44, 44 fin.; Curt. 3, 11, 4; Phaedr. 3, 16, 16; Hor. C. 1, 12, 27; 3, 4, 37; Verg. G. 4, 232; Ov. F. 1, 567.—Strengthened by primum: simul primum magistratio abiit, dicta dies est, Liv. 6, 1, 6: simul primum anni tempus navigabile praebuisset mare, id. 35, 44, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; Suet. Caes. 30.

simul (archaist. semul, semol), Adv. (zu similis), zugleich, u. zwar, wie unser zugleich, zur Bezeichnung der zeitlichen Vereinigung zweier Subjekte, dagegen unā, wie unser zusammen, der räumlichen (vgl. Jordan Cic. Caecin. 22. p. 180), I) im allg.: a) absol.: s. omnes, Ter.: s. venire, Cic.: totos dies s. esse, beisammen sein, Cic.: s. commonefacere, Caes.: simul verbis increpans, Liv.: verb. mit unā: s. bibere unā, Plaut. – b) m. cum! unā fui; testamentum Cyri simul obsignavi cum Clodio, Cic.: animi s. cum corporibus, Cic.: voluntas s. cum spe, Cic. – verb. m. unā (s. Wagner Ter. heaut. 907), s. mecum unā, Plaut.: unā mecum s., Ter. – c) m. et, et... et, que, atque etc.: s. et ostendi, Cic.: s. et patres, Liv.: s. et conficiam, Plaut.: s. et qualis sit (res publica) et optimam esse ostendam, Cic.: mit dreimaligem et, Caes. b. G. 2, 24, 2. – s. inflatus exacerbatusque, Liv. – s. honoribus atque virtutibus, Liv. – salve, s. autem vale, Plaut. – s. lassitudine, fame etiam, Liv. – d) mit Abl.: s. septemviris, Tac.: s. his dictis, Verg.: s. his, Hor.: s. nobis, Ov. – II) Besondere Verbindungen: A) simul... simul, ebensosehr... wie; sowohl... als; teils... teils, s. spernebant, s.... metuebant, Liv.: increpando s. temeritatem, s. ignaviam, Liv.: trepidam urbem ac simul atrocitatem recentis sceleris simul veteres Othonis mores pavens, Tac.: s. ipse, s. Achates, Verg. – so bes. m. folg. ut (damit) od. ne (damit nicht) u. Konj., u. m. folg. quod (weil) m. Indikat. od. Konj., simul sui purgandi causā, simul ut etc., Caes.: simul concordiae causā, simul ne etc., Liv.: u. so simul ut... simul, Liv.: simul ut... simul ut, Liv.: simul ut... simul ne, Liv.: simul... simul quod, Curt.: simul quod... simul quod, Liv. – u. so auch einfach im zweiten Gliede simul ut, Liv. u. Curt., simul ne, Liv., simul quod, Liv. Vgl. Drak. Liv. 3, 50, 12. Wölfflin Liv. Kritik S. 25. – B) simul atque, auch simulatque (simulac) geschr., simul ut u. bl. simul, sobald als, a) s. atque (ac): s. atque increpuit, Cic.: s. atque cognitum est, Caes.: s. ac profugit, Cic. – b) s. ut: s. ut experrecti sumus, Cic.: s. ut ille venerit, Cic. – c) bl. simul: s. inflavit tibicen, Cic.: s. constiterunt, Caes.: simul accepi litteras, statim quaesivi a Balbo etc., Cic.: simul primum, Liv. 6, 1, 6. – C) in Verbindung mit dem Partiz. Präs., simul hoc dicens (gleich bei diesen Worten), Verg. Aen. 10, 856: simul fugiens, ibid. 12, 758. – ➳ simul ubi bei Liv. 4, 18, 7 ist verdächtig, s. Weißenb. z. St.

simul [CL] 1 (of two or more persons or things) in company with each other, together. ipsa habuit terram suam separatam ‥ dominatu ‥ mariti sui, etiam cum ~ul essent DB I 373rb; tres naves ~ul navigabant (Abbanus 19) VSH I 15; Declanus et ‥ Ailbeus nimio se germanico amore diligebant, ut vellent ~ul esse semper, nisi a discipulis necessitas separandi suaderetur (Declanus 12) Ib. II 40; ipse et sua conjunx ~ul perrexerunt et venerunt ad sanctam Ytam (Mochoemog 3) Ib. II 165. 2 in one location, together; b (w. ref. to joining two or more things or bringing them together). c (w. totum) all together, complete (cf. ME altogeder). pugillarem, i. ~ul tabulae et graphium Comm. Cant. III 90; qua parte ecclesiae ‥ ~ul an distinctis porticibus requiescerent [sanctorum corpora] Gosc. Transl. Aug. 34B; his duobus ~ul, ut assolent, recubantibus Gir. EH I 4. p. 235.  b ita namque vj et viiij, xij et xviij fiunt ~ul xlv Theod. Laterc. 13; has utrasque ‥ Juvenalis ‥ unius versus tenore ~ul elisit dicens, ‘omenta? ut video, nullum discrimen habendum est’ Aldh. Met. 9; omnes aves ~ul congregate (Cainnicus 25) VSH I 161; multitudo punctorum ~ul junctorum Garl. Mus. Mens. II 8.  c manerium istud Tedekesberie cum erat totum ~ul TRE valebat c li. DB I 163vb. 3 in the same process or action. b jointly, in conjunction. c (dist. from separatim or sim.). cunctae coloniae ‥ ~ul solo sternerentur Gildas EB 24; ~ul percepturi praemia meritorum sicut ~ul participes extiterunt tormentorum Aldh. VirgP 35; cum jubilo cuncti simul una voce canentes Wulf. Swith. I 1325.  b habent ~ul iij canonici ‥ xvj acras, id est S., G., et S. DB I 2rb; de personis ~ul sumptis pluraliter et non singulariter: unde non dicitur ‘Pater et Filius sunt similis’ sed dicitur ‘sunt similes’ Bart. Angl. I 12.  c [eos] nec ~ul sed separatim, variisque temporibus ‥ implacitavit Ord. Vit. XI 1 p. 161; de utroque separatim an ut de duobus ~ul Balsh. AD 47; ~ul et divisim Bart. Angl. I 6 (v. divisim a). 4 (w. abl. or cum & abl.) together with, in the company of, in conjunction with, in the same location as. et simul ecclesia laetatur clerus in urbe Aldh. CE 3. 27; obsignat, ~ul cum aliis signat GlC O 16; circumstanti clero ~uli [sic] cum eo Ælf. EC 41; in his terris ~ul cum manerio sunt xx hidae DB I 172rb; ~ul ergo cum propheta dicere possumus ‥ Gir. SD 106; duodecim Colmani ~ul cum vestimentis in termam exierunt (Carthagus 50) VSH I 189. 5 at the same time, simultaneously. b (~ul tempore). c (w. cum or abl.) at the same time as. praedixerat ‘fecit Deus caelum et terram’ ut nos intellegere potuissemus quod ipse ‘in uno ictu oculi’ perfecit, nec cherubin ante hominem, sed ~ul omnia Comm. Cant. I 30; affer cuncta simul nobis tormenta cruenta, / ignes et macheras et rubras vibice virgas Aldh. VirgV 2310; aut ~ul aut diversis temporibus Anselm (Mon. 21) I 36; nemo episcopus et abbas ~ul sit Ord. Vit. IX 2 p. 464; quando non potest quis ~ul [ME: somed] ambo tenere, preeligat lesionem corporis AncrR 145; nec etiam sequitur quod A erit ~ul verum et non verum Kilvington Soph. 16j.  b secundum eos ~ul tempore omnibus apostolis Christus contulit clavium potestatem Ockham Dial. 863.  c si ‥ ~ul nominavit hereticos cum catholicis ‥ ebdomadam peniteat Theod. Pen. I 5. 12; simul exhausta veterum virtute deorum / ‥ diruit in cinerem vindex censura Tonantis Aldh. VirgV 1389; nec post nec ante eos venias ad eum set ~ul cum illis (Coemgenus 17) VSH I 243. 6 (~ul et semel) at one and the same time. 1411 capellani ‥ ~ul et semel comedunt (v. cohabitare d); ut ~ul et semel decem castra vallaret obsidione M. Par. Maj. III 323; 1309 nec duos vel tres scolares ~ul et semel exire permittant Educ. Ch. 242. 7 (usu. w. et, atque, -que) as well as, and also, and. potentia ~ulque malitia Gildas EB 33; quidquid scit Pater ~ul et Filius et Spiritus Sanctus Theod. Laterc. 24; ex hominis pecudisque simul cognomine dicor Aldh. Aen. 28 (Minotaurus) 5; concurrunt populi, sexus simul omnis et aetas Wulf. Swith. I 410; timore ~ul atque terrore percussus (Brendanus 100) VSH I 148; dux pius Anglorum [l. simul] similis et sua concio tota / puppes ascendit Wykes Vers. p. 132; est vervex, ovis, agnellus, simul agnus, aries WW. 8 (~ul ut) as soon as. quam [basternam] ut crevere simul spretam remeare parentes, / pectora ferratis riguerunt marcida curis Aldh. VirgV 1902; gloria vana quid est, nisi fumus ‥ / qui simul ut cepit, incipit esse nihil J. Sal. Enth. Phil. 912. 9 (understood as) ever, always (cf. AS simle). etiam volo, ut omnis homo ~ul habeat illos homines paratos in terra sua, qui conducant eos ‥ (Quad.) GAS 143; perquiramus simul modis omnibus (Ib.) Ib. 317 (cf. ib. Cons Cnuti: meditemur etiam semper omni modo).

sĭmŭl (6) (arch. sĕmŭl et sĕmŏl, CIL 1, 1531 ).

I adv., ¶ 1 dans le même temps, en même temps, ensemble : Cic. Rep. 1, 13 ; Læl. 67 ; Mil. 48, cf. Char. 222, 24 ¶ 2 [constr.] a) simul cum aliquo (aliqua re), en même temps que qqn, que qqch. : Cic. de Or. 2, 100 ; Læl. 13 ; Rep. 1, 70 ; Verr. 2, 4, 69 ; Att. 1, 16, 13, etc. ; b) simul et, en même temps que : Cic. Att. 2, 20, 2 ; 10, 4, 12 ; 10, 16, 4 ; 16, 11, 6 ; Q. 2, 5, 3 ; Fin. 2, 33 ; Br. 228, ou simul ac, atque Liv. 7, 26, 5 ; Curt. 3, 5, 2 ; Sen. Ep. 90, 25 ; c) simul développé par et... et : Cic. Phil. 10, 5 ; Tusc. 4, 60 ; Cæs. G. 7, 48, etc.; d) et simul Cic. Phil. 1, 28 ; Fam. 13, 6, 2 ; Fin. 5, 28 ; simulque Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 8 ; 7, 10, 3 ; Vat. 23, et en même temps ; e) simul etiam Cic. Vat. 18, en même temps encore || simul et, en même temps aussi : Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 136 ; 5, 3 ; Balbo 65 ; Prov. 36 ; Att. 1, 1, 4 ; Q. 1, 1, 34 ; Sall. J. 84, 5 ; 92, 2, etc.; Liv. 44, 34, 10, etc.; f) simul... simul Cæs. G. 4, 14, 5, à la fois... à la fois, dʼune part... dʼautre part en même temps, cf. Liv. 3, 5, 2 ; 9, 25, 8, etc.

II prép. avec abl. [poét.], en même temps que : simul his Hor. S. 1, 10, 86, en même temps quʼeux, cf. Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 29 ; Tac. Ann. 3, 64 ; 4, 55.

III conj., ¶ 1 simul ac, simul atque, aussitôt que, dès que : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46 ; Phil. 4, 1 ; Ac. 2, 51 ; Clu. 40 ; Mur. 22 ; Rep. 2, 49 ; Verr. 2, 4, 47 ; Cæs. G. 5, 3, 3, ou simul ac primum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34 ; 1, 138 ; Phil. 4, 1, ou simul ut Cic. Ac. 2, 51 ; Tusc. 4, 5 ; Planc. 14 ; Q. 2, 5, 3, ou simul et Cic. Att. 2, 20, 2 ; 10, 4, 12 ; 10, 16, 4 ; 16, 11, 6, (leçon de M ) ¶ 2 simul seul, aussitôt que : Cic. Tusc. 4, 12 ; Ac. 2, 86 ; Fin. 3, 21 ; Cæs. G. 4, 26, 5 ; C. 1, 30, 3, ou simul primum Liv. 6, 1, 6 ; 35, 44, 5 ; Suet. Cæs. 30.

simul . adv.
同。同時。就。立卽。亦。亦然。Nec potest fieri, tempore uno, ut — sit homo idem duobus locis — 人不能一時在兩處。Superbo — ac procaci fastu 又驕傲又無恥之裝扮。Ille — ac tetigit provinciam, statim Romam litteras dedit 其一至省卽發書于羅瑪城。

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simul adv.

• 3 SA-, at the same time, together, at once, simultaneously: multa concurrunt simul, T.: Eamus, et simul consilium volo capere, i. e. while going, T.: tres simul soles effulserunt, L.: duo consules simul ex Italiā eiecti: simul omnibus portis (Gracchus) erupit, L.: multarum simul civitatium legati Romam convenerunt, L.—Followed by cum, together with(cf. unā with cum): Simul consilium cum re amisti, T.: testamentum (Cyri) simul obsignavi cum Clodio: simul cum dono designavit templo finīs, L.—Ellipt.: multos modios salis simul edendos esse (sc. cum amicis): memor Mutatae simul togae, H.: qui simul erant missi: trium simul bellorum victor (sc. gestorum), L.—Poet., with abl: simul his, H.: Quippe simul nobis habitat, O.—Of concurrence in thought, followed by et, et . . . et, atque, or -que, at the same time, at once, together, as well, both: simul et cursu et spatio pugnae fatigati, Cs.: Q. Hortensi ingenium simul aspectum et probatum est: quae simul auxilio tribunicio et consensu plebis impediri coepta, L.: obruit animum simul luctus metusque, L.: pulvere simul ac sudore perfusum, Cu.: simul et cohors invasit, et ex omnibus oppidi partibus concurrerunt, L.—After simul, etoften has the force of etiam: simul et illa omnia ante oculos vestros proponite, etc.: legati iam reverterant . . . simul venerant et ab rege Perseo oratores qui, etc., L.—Following a conj.(et simul or simulque), at the same time, also, further, likewise: postquam Rutilium consedisse accepit, simulque ex Iugurthae proelio clamorem augeri, S.: tantum faciam ut notam apponam . . . et simul significem, etc.: quod eo liberius ad te scribo, quia nostrae laudi favisti, simulque quod, etc.— Introducing an independent sentence, at the same time, also, likewise: hoc proprium virtutis existimant . . . simul hoc se fore tutiores arbitrantur, Cs.: tibi (Apollo) decimam partem praedae voveo. Te simul, Iuno, precor ut, etc., L.—With enim: augeamus sane suspicionem tuam; simul enim augebimus diligentiam.—Implying a connective, and at the same time, and also: ei Verres possessionem negat se daturum, ne posset patronum suum iuvare, simul ut esset poena quod, etc.: nihil horum . . . discere cum cerneret posse, simul et tirocinio et perturbatione iuvenis moveretur, etc., L.—Repeated, in co-ordinate clauses, partly . . . partly, at once . . . and, not only . . . but at the same time, though . . . yet also: adeo simul spernebant, simul metuebant, L.: simul Aenean in regia ducit Tecta, simul indicit, etc., V.: consul ad Phylan ducit, simul ut praesidium firmaret, simul ut militi frumentum divideret, L.; cf. Ille simul fugiens Rutulos simul increpat, V.: Germani frequentes in castra venerunt, simul sui purgandi causā, simul ut de indutiis impetrarent, Cs.—In subordinate temporal clauses, with atque or ac(less correctly as one word, simulac, simulatque), as soon as: L.Clodius, simul atque introductus est, rem conficit: simul atque sibi hic adnuisset dicebat, etc.: at mihi plaudo Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arcā, H.—With ut, as soon as, immediately after: simul ut, qui sint professi, videro, dicam.—With et, as soon as: simul et quid erit certi, scribam ad te: quam accepi simul et in Cumanum veni, upon my arrival.—With primum, as soon as ever: simul primum magistratu abiit, dicta dies est, L.—Alone, in the sense of simul atque, as soon as: Hic simul argentum repperit, curā sese expedivit, T.: simul inflavit tibicen, a perito carmen agnoscitur: simul concrepuere arma, hostis pedem rettulit, L.