super

purpureas super vestes coniciunt
they throw purple robes from above super tumulum noluit quidquam statui nisi columellam
he did not want anything to be erected above his tomb except a small column exercitum super morbum etiam fames affecit
beyond disease, famine also afflicted the army

super : (adv.), above, 4.684, et al.; above, from above, 10.384; moreover, 4.606; besides, 1.29; more than enough, 2.642; remaining, surviving, left (with ellipsis of esse), 3.489, et al.; still (or above), 4.684; of time, in, during, 9.61.

super : (prep. with acc. and abl.); (with acc.), over, above, 1.379; beyond, 6.794; upon, on, 1.295, 680; besides; super ūsque, even beyond, beyond, 11.317; (with abl.), upon, 1.700; over (him or his body), 5.482; about, of, concerning, 1.750, et al.; for, for the sake of, 4.233, et al.

sŭper, adj., v. superus.

sŭper, adv. and prep. [Sanscr. upari; Gr. ὑπέρ; Goth. ufar], above, over (often confounded in MSS. and edd. with supra, q. v.).

• I Adv., above, on top, thereupon, upon, etc. (rare but class.).
• • A Lit., of place: Anien infraque superque Saxeus, Stat. S. 1, 3, 20: eo super tigna bipedalia, iniciunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 10: haec super e vallo prospectant Troes, Verg. A. 9, 168: implenturque super puppes, from above, i. e. by rain, id. ib. 5, 697: purpureas super vestes ... Coniciunt, id. ib. 6, 221; cf. id. ib. 6, 217: renes tunicis super conteguntur, Cels. 3, 1 med.: imponendum super medicamentum, id. 6, 19 med.—
  • B Transf.
  • • 1 Of that which is over and above in number or quantity, over, moreover, besides: satis superque esse sibi suarum cuique rerum, enough and to spare, more than enough, Cic. Lael. 13, 45: satis superque prudentes, id. Har. Resp. 9, 18: contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est, id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: ut satis superque vixisse videamur, id. Tusc. 1, 45, 110; Hor. Epod. 1, 31; Liv. 3, 53: quidque furor valeat, satisque Ac super ostendit, Ov. M. 4, 430: poenas dedit usque superque Quam satis est, Hor. S. 1, 2, 65: cui neque apud Danaos usquam locus; et super ipsi Dardanidae infensi, etc., and moreover, and besides, Verg. A. 2, 71: saevit amor ferri ... Ira super, id. ib. 7, 462: super talis effundit pectore voces, id. ib. 5, 482; 11, 670: voto deus aequoris alti Annuerat; dederatque super, ne saucius ullis Vulneribus fieri posset, Ov. M. 12, 206; 4, 751; 15, 308; Hor. S. 2, 7, 78; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33; Phaedr. 4, 24, 18: annum agens aetatis sexagensimum ac nonum, superque mensem ac diem septimum, Suet. Vesp. 24.— With gen. part.: non operae est satis superque oneris sustinenti res a populo Romano gestas scribere, Liv. 41, 25, 8: primoribus, super quam quod dissenserant a consilio, territis etiam duplici prodigio, besides that, Liv. 22, 3, 14; so, super quam quod, id. 27, 20, 10.—
    • 2 Less freq. of that which is left over, over, left, remaining: Atheniensibus exhaustis praeter arma et naves nihil erat super, Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; cf.: nec spes ulla super, Val. Fl. 8, 435: quid super sanguinis, qui dari pro republicā possit? rogitantes, Liv. 4, 58, 13: super tibi erunt, qui dicere laudes tuas cupiant, Verg. E. 6, 6: o mihi sola mei super Astyanactis imago, id. A. 3, 489.
• II Prep. with acc. and abl., over, above, on the top of, upon, on.
• • A With acc.
  • • 1 Lit., of place or situation: super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui, nisi columellam, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66: super lateres coria inducuntur, Caes. B. C. 2, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, § 4: super quas (naves) turrim ad introitum opposuit, id. ib. 3, 39 Dinter (al. quā): super vallum praecipitari, Sall. J. 58, 6; cf.: cum alii super aliorum capita ruerent, Liv. 24, 39, 5: super caput hostium pervenire, id. 32, 11, 8: aqua super montium juga concreta, id. 21, 58, 8: domos super se ipsos concremaverunt, id. 21, 14, 4: cenaculum super aedes datum est, id. 39, 14, 2: ad senaculum ac super id curiam, id. 41, 27, 7: equi super eum ruentis, id. 39, 49, 3: super eam (aspidem) assidere, Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59: super theatrum consistere, Liv. 24, 39, 1: aquila super carpentum volitans, id. 1, 34, 8: illa super terram defecto poplite labens, Ov. M. 13, 477: collis erat, collemque super planissima Area, id. ib. 10, 86: ut scopulum super duram illidat corticem, Phaedr. 2, 6, 11: clatri super aquam emineant, Col. 8, 17, 10: super arcem pensiles horti sunt, Curt. 5, 1, 32: vestis super genua est, id. 5, 6, 18: super pulpitum consulares conlocare, Suet. Calig. 54.—
    • • b Of position or distance, above, beyond: Nomentanus erat super ipsum, Porcius infra, was above him (at table), Hor. S. 2, 8, 23: Polypercon, qui cubabat super regem, Curt. 8, 5, 22: super se collocavit, Suet. Aug. 43.—Of geographical situation: super Numidiam Gaetulos accepimus, beyond Numidia, Sall. J. 19, 5: super et Garamantas et Indos Proferet imperium, Verg. A. 6, 795: super Sunium navigans, Liv. 28, 8, 11: sita est super Ambracium sinum, id. 43, 21, 6: super Demetriadem promunturium, id. 31, 46, 7; 43, 21, 6: qui super Bosporum colunt, Curt. 6, 2, 13; 7, 6, 12; 8, 1, 7: Lydia super Ioniam procedit, extends beyond, Plin. 5, 29, 30, § 110.—Of official position ( = supra): super armamentarium positus, Curt. 6, 7, 22; Scrib. Comp. 162.—
    • 2 Transf.
    • • a Of time, during, at (post-Aug.): de hujus nequitiā omnes super cenam loquebantur, Plin. Ep. 4, 22, 6; 3, 5, 11; 9, 33, 1; cf.: super vinum et epulas, Curt. 8, 4, 30; 8, 12, 17; Suet. Aug. 77; id. Caes. 87: super mensam, Curt. 7, 4, 7: super hos divum honores, i. e. during the sacrifice, Stat. Th. 1, 676; Flor. 4, 2, 69.—
      • b Of that which is over and above a certain number or quantity, over, above, beyond, upon, besides, in addition to (not freq. till after the Aug. period): quod alii super alios legati venirent speculaturi, i. e. in rapid succession, constantly, Liv. 42, 25, 8: vox non paene tragoedorum sed super omnes tragoedos, Quint. 12, 5, 5: super modum ac paene naturam, id. 11, 3, 169: super necessitatem, id. 9, 3, 46: famosissima super ceteras fuit cena ei data adventicia, Suet. Vit. 13: super veteres amicos, id. Tib. 55.—With numerals: super tris modios, Liv. 23, 12, 1: super LX. milia, Tac. G. 33: super octingentos annos, id. A. 13, 58: super quadraginta reos, Suet. Calig. 38: super HS. millies, id. Caes. 26; id. Ner. 30: senioribus super sexaginta annos in Epirum missis, Liv. 26, 25, 11; cf.: super triginta ducibus triumphos decernendos curavit, Suet. Aug. 38: Punicum exercitum super morbum etiam fames affecit, Liv. 28, 46, 15: super tam evidentem tristis ominis eventum, etiam, etc., id. 41, 18, 14: super dotem haec tibi dona accedent, id. 26, 50, 12; 2, 51, 2: super solitos honores, id. 2, 31, 3: super vota fluere, beyond all wishes, Tac. H. 3, 48: super obscena dicta et petulans jurgium, Phaedr. 3, 11, 2: dare savia super savia, kisses upon kisses, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 38 (942): alii super alios trucidentur, Liv. 1, 50, 6: vulnus super vulnus, id. 22, 54, 9: ut habitationes super pretium libertatis praestarentur, Dig. 18, 6, 19.—Esp. freq.: super omnia, above all, before all (in Plin. the elder, super omnia and super omnes always at the beginning of the phrase; v. Sillig ad Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 62): talia carminibus celebrant: super omnia Caci Speluncam adiciunt, Verg. A. 8, 303: aetas et forma et super omnia Romanum nomen, Liv. 31, 18, 3; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118; Quint. 12, 9, 12; Ov. M. 6, 526; 8, 677; so, tu super omnes beatus, Plin. Ep. 7, 13, 2; Suet. Vit. 13; Quint. 12, 5, 5.—
      • c Hence, transf., in gen., for plus quam, amplius quam, more than (late Lat.): qui amat filium aut filiam super me, Vulg. Matt. 10, 37; cf.: dulciora sunt super mel et favum, id. Psa. 18, 11.—
  • B With abl.
  • • 1 Lit., of place or situation (rare and mostly poet.): regulae, quae lateres, qui super musculo struantur, contineant, Caes. B. C. 2, 10: ensis cui super Cervice pendet, Hor. C. 3, 1, 17: ligna super foco Large reponens, id. ib. 1, 9, 5: parumne campis atque Neptuno super Fusum est Latini sanguinis, id. Epod. 7, 3: super Pindo, id. C. 1, 12, 6: requiescere Fronde super viridi, Verg. E. 1, 81. —
    • 2 Transf.
    • • a Of time (cf. supra, A. 2. a.), during, in: nocte super mediā, Verg. A. 9, 61; cf.: Centaurea cum Lapithis rixa super mero Debellata, Hor. C. 1, 18, 8.—
      • b For the usual de, to indicate respect, reference, upon, about, concerning, respecting (freq. in the ante-class. and after the Aug. period; in Cic. only a few times in his letters; not in Caes.): nemo antea fecit super tali re cum hoc magistratu utique rem, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 305 Müll.; so Pac. ib.; Plaut. Am. prol. 58; id. Most. 3, 2, 39 (728): hac super re scribam ad te Rhegio, Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1: sed hac super re nimis (sc. dixi), id. ib. 10, 8, 10: litteras super tantā re exspectare, Liv. 26, 15, 5: cura super tali re principum laudata est, id. 40, 46, 15: multus eā super re rumor, Tac. A. 11, 23: quid nuntias super anu? Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 8 (660): super Euclionis filia, id. Aul. 4, 7, 2 (683): super ancillā, id. Cas. 2, 3, 36 (252): super amicā, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 133 (367); 3, 6, 33 (562); 4, 2, 25 (607): quid agendum nobis sit super legatione votivā, Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2: super tali causā missi, Nep. Paus. 4: legare super familia pecuniave sua, Auct. Her. 1, 13, 23: super tali causā, Nep. Paus. 4, 1: multa super Priamo rogitans, super Hectore multa, Verg. A. 1, 750; 4, 233: super arvorum cultu, id. G. 4, 559: mitte civiles super Urbe curas, Hor. C. 3, 8, 17: publicus ludus super impetrato Augusti reditu, id. ib. 4, 2, 42: decreta super jugandis Feminis, id. C. S. 18: consultant bello super, Sil. 2, 271; 5, 615: ne super tali scelere suspectum sese haberet, Sall. J. 71, 5: super adimendā vitā, Amm.14, 7, 12.—
      • c Over and above, besides, beyond (very rare): modus agri ... hortus ... fons ... Et paulum silvae super his, Hor. S. 2, 6, 3: excogitatum est super his, ut, etc., Amm.14, 1, 6; Sil. 1, 60. ☞ In composition, super denotes,
    • 1 Above, over, of place: supercerno, supercresco, superdo, superemineo, superemorior, superferc, superfluo, superfugio, superfundo, supergredior, superjacio, superimpono, superincumbo, superinduco, supernato, superpono, supersedeo, supersterno, supersto, supervehor, supervenio, etc.—
    • 2 Less freq., over and above, besides, in addition: superaddo, superbibo, supersum, superstes, superfio.

1. super, a, um, Adi., s. superus.

2. super (ὑπέρ), I) Adv.: 1) v. Raume: a) oben, oberwärts, darüber, obendrauf, darauf, ille, qui super est, Avian.: super astantium manibus in murum attollitur, Sall. fr.: eo super tigna bipedalia iniciunt, Caes.: haec super e vallo prospectant Troes, Verg.: infraque superque saxeus, Stat. – b) = ἄνωθεν, von oben, von oben herab, superque immane barathrum cernatur, Verg. Aen. 8, 245: quos (hostes) super eques et propioribus vulneribus pedites afflictabant, Tac. ann. 6, 35. – c) nach oben, über sich, super aspectans, Verg. Aen. 10, 251 Ribb. (Vulg. supera). – 2) v. anderen Verhältnissen: a) über, außer, worauf quam folgt, super quam, außerdem, super quam quod, außerdem, daß usw., Liv.: auch ohne quam = überdies, außerdem, dederatque super, Ov.: super poscunt, Verg. – b) darauf, super tales effundit voces, Verg. – c) darüber, drüber, mehr, super quam, darüber, mehr als, Hor.: satis superque, mehr als zu viel, mehr als zu sehr, eig. genug und noch darüber, dixi, Cic.: satis superque me benignitas tua ditavit, Hor.: satis superque humilis, über die Maßen, Liv. – d) übrig, praeter arma nihil erat super, Nep.: quid super sanguinis (esse), Liv. – II) Praepos. m. Abl. u. Acc.: A) m. Abl.: 1) v. Raume, über, oben auf, ensis super cervice pendet, Hor.: gemina super arbore sidunt, Verg.: moritura super crudeli vulnere virgo, Verg. – 2) v. der Zeit, während, in, nocte super media, Verg.: super cena loqui, Plaut.: super mero, Hor. – 3) v. Zuständen, über, in betreff, wegen, hac super re scribam ad te, Cic.: scripsit super hoc plenissime octo voluminibus Hieron. – super tali causa missi, Nep.: agere super legatione, Cic.: super urbe curas, Hor.: ne super tali scelere suspectum sese haberet, Sall. Vgl. Dietsch Sall. Iug. 71, 5. p. 435 sq. – 4) vom Maße, außer, super his, außer diesen, außerdem, noch dazu, Hor. sat. 2, 6, 3. – B) m. Acc.: 1) v. Raume: a) zur Angabe des Verweilens über einem Gegenstande, über, oben auf, super aspidem assiderē, Cic.: aqua super montium iuga concreta erat, Liv.: domos super se ipsos concremaverunt, über ihren Köpfen, Liv.: alqm videre super laureatum currum, oben auf einem mit Lorbeer bekränzten Wagen, Suet.: super quas (naves) turrim effectam, Caes.: arma et viri super alium alii praecipitantur, einer über den anderen, Liv.: alii super alios ruentes, Sen.; vgl. Wölfsl. Krit. Anh. zu Liv. 22, 6, 5. S. 95. – b) zur Bezeichnung der Lage, α) oberhalb eines Gegenstandes, über, oberhalb, oberwärts, oben über, super templum circaque, Liv.: super flumen instruit aciem, Liv.: situs super flumen, Liv.: erat super ipsum, saß über ihm (bei Tische), Hor.: cubabat super regem, Curt. – β) zur Bezeichnung der Lage über einen Gegenstand hinaus, über... hinaus, jenseit, super Numidiam Gaetulos accepimus agitare, Sall.: super Indos proferet imperium, Verg. – c) zur Bezeichnung der Bewegung über eine Ort hinaus, über, über... hinaus, super Sunium navigans, Liv. – 2) von der Zeit, über, bei, während, super cenam, Suet. u.a.: super vinum et epulas, beim W. und Schmause, Curt. (vgl. Mützell Curt. 6, 11 [43], 27. p. 591): super cocturam, Apic. – 3) v. Maße, a) eig.: über, außer, super ceteros honores, Liv.: super humanam fidem, Vell.: super ceteros sumptus, Eutr.: super magnum dolorem, Cels.: super haec, außerdem, Liv. u.a.: u. so super haec, Cels. u. Plin. ep.: supor id, Cels.: super ea, ista, illa, Plin. ep.: super cetera, Liv. u. Plin. ep. – bes. vulnus super vulnus, W. über W., eine W. nach der anderen, Liv.: alio super aliud scelere (durch ein V. ums andere) indutiae ruptae sunt, Liv.: alii super alios trucidantur, einer über den anderen, Liv.: aliis super alias epistulis alci gratias agere, durch Briefe über Briefe, Plin. ep. – b) übtr., v. Vorzug, über, vor, mehr als, famosissima super ceteras fuit cena data ei a fratre, Suet.: es tu super omnes beatus, Plin. ep.: quod super omnia est, Val. Max.: aetas et forma et super omnia Romanorum nomen te ferociorem facit, über alles, vor allem, Liv. – 4) v. der Zahl, außer, adscitae sunt super Subrium et Sulpicium militares manus, Tac. ann. 15, 50: densissimo agmine super fausta nomina sidus et pullum et pupum et alumnum appellantium, Sut. Cal. 13 extr. – 5) v. Gesetztsein über etw., über, super armamentarium positus, Curt. 6, 7 (26), 22. – ➳ super seinem Kasus nachgesetzt, Lucr. 6, 1256 u. 1258. Verg. ecl. 1, 60 u.a. Dichter; auch Tac. ann. 16, 35; hist. 3, 19 u. 26.

super [CL] 1 (as adv.) in or into a higher position, above, on top. b thereon. 1270 requisita si videret genua mulieris nuda ‥ dicit quod vir ~er agitabat SelCCant 98; vidi impium ~er altatum [Psalm. xxxvi 35: superexaltatum] et elevatum sicut cedros Libani G. Roman. 347.  b 1363 cum omnibus domibus ~er astantibus Pat 268 m. 48. 2 in addition, further, besides, also. vigeni centies ducenti ~er et quadraginta duo Æthelw. I 1 (cf. ib.: dies annorum quinque et supra quingenti); de hoc censu remanent nunc ~er xx mansiones ubi castrum est xvj s. et viij d. inter comitem et regem (Hunts) DB I 203rb; de tribus jugis Ricardi ‥ et de duobus jugis Willielmi ‥ emergebat obolus quem Willielmus ~er pacat Cust. Battle 125. 3 (satis ~erque) enough and more. sunt et cocleae satis ~erque abundantes Bede HE I 1; opulenti reditus ad cotidianam stipem satis ~erque sufficerent W. Malm. Wulfst. I 3; satis est res mira superque Nig. Paul. f. 48v. 438; satis ~erque benedixit tibi dominus (Lit.) M. Rievaulx 75. 4 (as prep.) above, over, in a position higher than; b (in fig. context). c to a higher position in, up into. ipse ‥ potuit aquas ~er rotundam caeli spheram ne umquam delabantur ‥ soliditate suspendere glaciali Bede Gen. 18D; stella ‥ ~er ipsos tres reges ‥ manifeste orta est Ailr. Serm. 4. 17. 230C; aquila ‥ pullos suos ad volandum provocat, ~er eos volitans Hon. Spec. Eccl. 958A; expedito studio quasi sex dierum / sabbatismum celebrat super astra W. Combe 194; 1409 pixis in qua pendet sacramentum ~er altare Fabr. York 244.  b gravem Dei iram ~er genus humanum impendere priores prophete sentiebant Eccl. & Synag. 121.  c sex igitur comites mecum super aethera scandunt Aldh. Aen. 81 (Lucifer) 9; quando ~er domum ascendebam Latin Stories 25; “quando canes me insequuntur, scio rapere [? l. repere] ~er arbores et evadere.” ‥ saltavit [catus] ~er arborem Ib. 57. 5 on, on (the) top of; b (w. ref. to foundation, support, basis, or sim.); c (w. ref. to horse, vehicle, or sim., also in fig. context). d at the top of; e (transf., geom., w. ref. to vertex). f (w. ref. to motion) onto (the top of). factum est et ~er hoc rursum aliud operimentum de hyacinthinis pellibus Bede Tab. 424D; in destructa civitate ~er lapidem lapis non relinquitur Id. Luke 572C; castrum, ~er aggerem loricatus ad sepem stans, acriter defendebat Ord. Vit. XII 39 p. 456; in coquina sit mensula ~er quam olus apte minuatur Neckam Ut. 96; quedam aves in coitu non servant sexum, sed saltat femina ~er feminam, et masculus ~er marem Bart. Angl. XIX 15; sedebunt ~er misericordias dicendo Pater noster Cust. Cant. 15.  b a786 tribulatio ~er tribulationem incumbit, quia peccatum ~er peccatum adcrescit Alcuin Ep. 2; machinas construxit, contra munimentum hostile ~er rotulas egit Ord. Vit. VIII 24 p. 415; magnam partem muri demoliri et stabulam ~er residuam partem construi fecit Stat. Linc. II 193; 1320 murus et turris edificati ‥ ~er nobile et fortissimum fundamentum DipDocE 1579 m. 2; 1553 tribus aliis [manticulariis] ~er rotular’ pendentibus, Anglice thre other playne towelles to hange upon a roller Pat 852 m. 29.  c s1188 Willelmus ‥ ~er unum runcinum pueri sui evasit G. Hen. II II 46; 1233 viderunt homines armatos simul stantes ~er equos suos ‥ juxta ‥ boscum CurR XV 214; debet fugare animalia sicut cotsetle et ferre ea ~er dorsum suum sicut cotsetle Cust. Glast. 144; apposuit ‥ sarcinolas suas ~er cervum tanquam ~er domesticum asinum (Berachus 11) VSH I 79; milites ‥ equitantes portabant sarcinas suas ~er equum ~er quo equitabant Gascoigne Loci 2.  d queritur si filum ponatur quasi ligando ~er campanam, quare dum campana sonat rumpitur Quaest. Salern. B 123.  e si diviserit eam [lineam] ~er angulum rectum Adel. Elem. III 3 (cf. ib.: supra angulum rectum eam dividere).  f 796 tollite jugum meum ~er vos Alcuin Ep. 106; velut apis ‥ ~er multiplices ‥ flosculos descendit Asser Alf. 76 p. 61; clerici ‥ manus ad reliquias atque cruces quas ~er pallia posuerant miserunt Ord. Vit. VI 9 p. 69; 1361 eadem navis ‥ per infortunium ~er sabulonem vocatam la Griller in introitu aque Thamisie decidit Cl 198 m. 4; vel sedit vel caput ~er manum suam reclinavit quando voluit repausare (Edmundus) NLA I 322. 6 on (part in contact with another surface, esp. w. ref. to support or orientation). ~er dextrum illos [sc. septem dormientes] latus quiescere [ed. RS: requiescere] W. Malm. GR II 225; vir ille receptis viribus stetit ~er pedes suos, gratias agens Deo Ailr. Ed. Conf. 776D; oportet ut mulier ‥ jaceat ~er illud latus in quo receperit semen M. Scot Phys. 7 f. 11va; [serpens] gradiendi ~er pectus maledictione mulctatus [cf. Gen. iii 14] Ad. Marsh Ep. 92; Edus ~er manus suas venit ad regem (Aiduus 4) VSH II 296. 7 on (the outermost part, side, or surface of). b on the outside of, outside. c (w. ref. to sacred object touched when swearing oath) on. d (transf., w. ref. to what lies beneath surface) over. e on, on the bank(s) or shore of; f (in toponyms or in toponyms passing into personal names). g on the person of, (also in extended sense) in the possession of (person). 1433 in emendacione diversarum ruptarum ~er caucetum inter Schirburn et Cawod pro meliore cariagio per ibidem habendo cum lapidibus Fabr. York 49; 1499 paccator ~er omnes et singulas serplerias predictas cognomen suum scribet Foed. XII 714.  b 1473 pro mundacione ruderum et graduum ~er et infra ecclesiam Fabr. York 82.  c violata fide quam ~er eas [reliquias] jurando sanxerat W. Poit. II 14; s1175 suscepto ab eo ‥ sacramento ~er sanctas reliquias appositas (Lit. Regis) Diceto YH 400; s1194 quilibet Judeus jurabit ~er rotulum suum quod ‥ R. Howd. III 267.  d ut in ecclesiis sanctorum apostolorum Petri et Pauli ~er corpora eorum missae celebrarentur Bede HE II 1; oleum ‥ violaceum ~er cor et hepar, ac fronti ejus apposui P. Blois Ep. 43. 127A; fiat sacellatio cum aniso, sale, maratro ‥ torrefactis in patella et positis in sacculo lineo ~er ventrem Gad. 34v. 2.  e cum ~er flumina Babylonis sedentes, coelestis Sion absentiam flerent Bede Apoc. 187B; fecit quandam domum ~er aquam regis DB I 1ra; ecclesiam ‥ quae ~er littus Adriatici maris ‥ sita est Ord. Vit. III 5 p. 89; c1185 unam carucatam terre in M. ~er aquam de B. Regesta Scot. 277; dici solet Parisius fundatam esse ~er Secanam Neckam NR II 49.  f c1166 Benedictus ~er Tamisam quater xx marcas super terram suam de Lundonia (KR Misc.) EHR XXVIII 222; 1167 Willelmus ~er Teisam Pipe 92; 1336 usque Novum Castrum ~er Tynam Ac. Durh. 532; 1427 castri de Berewico ~er Twedam (Lib. Mem. Cam.) CalExch II 123.  g c1219 invenerunt ~er eum quandam elemosinariam ‥ et ~er ‥ filium suum invenerunt j rasuram Eyre Yorks 299; 1225 debet c li. pro venatione inventa ~er eum LTR Mem 7 m. 28d.; 1226 pro vino empto ‥ de vino domino [sic] regis capto ~er inimicos regis Ib. 8 m. 18d.; quedam capella que inventa fuerunt ~er diversos haberdasshers et capellarios MGL III 433; 1412 pecunia numerata inventa ~er unum monachum captum apud G. ‥ ad traducendam versus partes exteras sine licencia regis EEC 688; 1461 sexaginta libre restantes ~er magistro J. L. ‥ allocande sunt dicto magistro Jacobo ExchScot 85. 8 (w. ref. to motion) on, onto, upon, into contact with; b (in transf. context). c (manum mittere ~er or sim.) to lay one's hands on, touch (in quot., so as to interfere with, damage, seize, or sim.). 1236 sicut ‥ jactavit baculum caruce ad unum bovem, percussit bovem illum ~er cornu Pat 47 m. 13; canis voluit facere rusticitatem suam ~er congregacionem cirporum O. Cheriton Fab. 44; si quis mixerit ‥ ~er parietes domus gilde Stat. Gild. Berw. 10; radius enim solis cadens ~er corpus stelle fixe Peckham Persp. II 56; per resplendentiam luminosi ~er speculum Gros. 77; quod stelle sunt specula reverberantia radios ~er se incidentes Id. Com. 22.  b cecidit victoria ~er Anglos Meaux III 161.  c c1130 nolo ‥ ut habeant occasionem mittendi manum ‥ ~er elemosinam meam (Lit. Regis) EHR XXIV 220. 9 on, at, towards, against (object of charge, attack, or sim., also in transf. or fig. context). b (in other form of action) on, against. 790 rex cum exercitu inruit ~er Sclavos, quos nos Vionudos dicimus Alcuin Ep. 7; ~er quos hostium multitudo irruit, sed his acerrime repugnantibus non prevaluit Ord. Vit. IV 5 p. 195; 1235 dicit quando recesserunt ipse secutus fuit eos ‥ et unus eorum reverti voluit ~er eum et ipse in domum intravit et non fuit ausus ulterius sequi CurR XV 1438; die hyemali ‥ irruit tempestas nivis et grand[in]is ~er eos (Brendanus 97) VSH I 147; 1361 currebat ~er cultellum RCoron 18 r. 57 (v. distare 2).  b 1300 clausit hostium suum ~er ipsum Johannem Law Merch. I 79. 10 on, at, upon (object of work, action, or sim.); b (task, process, or sim.). 1325 ij clenchariis operantibus ~er predictas portas pro grossis clavis clenchandis et rivettandis KR Ac 469/7 m. 1; 1471 ipse sit attendens ~er prelocutorem parliamentorum nostrorum Pat 527 m. 19; 1475 pro attendenciis suis ~er personam regis (IssueR) Foed. XI 847; 1496 in expensis ‥ attendencium ~er vexillum S. Cuthberti Ac. Durh. 654; 1511 reparacionibus factis ~er molendinum fullaticum Finc. cccxcix.  b c1386 in vadiis unius saepatoris operantis ~er haiac[ione] et emendacione defectuum sepis KR Ac 473/2 m. 7; 1388 in vad’ unius sarculatricis operantis ~er sarculacione et mundacione diversarum herbarum in gardino regis Ib. 473/2 m. 12. 11 on, within the bounds of (area). 1188 quod nullus burgensis cogatur replegiare aliquem nisi ipse voluerit, quamvis sit ~er suam terram manens (Bristol) BBC 141; 1255 pro pastura quam habent ~er terram domini Edwardi Hund. II 60b; 12‥ ad faciendum unum parvum saepe ~er terram meam propriam ad quoddam breccum stagni de B. AncD C 5425; 1306 ut habeat licenciam manendi alibi quam ~er terram domini Crawley 242; 1338 (1468) omnes rentarii sui ~er terram dictorum monachorum habitantes quieti sint ‥ de theloneo Cart. Glam. II 200. 12 over, during (period of time). b at the time of. c on (in quot., spec. day). multi pascunt domitos [accipitres] ~er estatem [AS: ofer sumor] Ælf. Coll. 96 (cf. ib.: nolo pascere eos in estate); antiphonae de Trinitate, et similiter ~er horas usque ad vesperas, cum capitulis et versibus et collectis Lanfr. Const. 90; 1335 in dciiij ulnis canvasii emptis ~er feriam S. Egidii Comp. Swith. 231 (cf. ib. 236: in serico et sindone emptis pro camera domini prioris ~er nundinas S. Aegidii).  b 1223 demandam ‥ ponat in respectum usque ~er proximum compotum suum Pat 385; 1304 si aliquid inde deficiat, statim ~er compotum vendatur Cant. Cath. Pri. 212.  c 1340 primus dies Februarii anno supradicto [sc. 8 Ed. III] fuit ~er diem Jovis [sic] PlRCP 322 r. 290. 13 on, over, across (area, expanse of surface, or sim., as covering or sim.); b (w. impl. of influence, protection, or sim., also transf. or fig.). 1464 pro costeris pendentibus ~er muros capelle Feod. Durh. 190.  b 793 Deus ~er vestra vigilat opera Alcuin Ep. 18; ~er populum tuum [ofer folc ðin] benedictio tua Psalt. Vesp. iii 7; locus requietionis est [ecclesia], nam ~er habitatores ejus loci Spiritus Domini requiescit P. Blois Serm. 714A; Sancta Trinitas, ‥ ~er populum tuum tibi suppliciter se humiliantem extenditur tua ‥ benedictio S. Easton Psalm. 5; Spiritus Sanctus requiescit ~er humiles Gros. Cess. Leg. II 3 p. 84. 14 (w. ref. to pouring, spreading, distributing, or sim.) on(to), over, across (so as to cover or encompass area, expanse of surface, or sim.); b (w. ref. to prayer, blessing, or sim.); c (in transf. or fig. context). velut retiaculum extensum ~er Thabor Gildas EB 84; lux emissa caelitus veluti linteum magnum venit ~er omnes Bede HE IV 7; sanctificate salem et aquam ‥ et spargite per ecclesiam et ~er populum adstantem Ælf. Ep. 3. 28; colligentes ‥ ~er pavimentum fusum sanguinem et cerebrum novi martyris V. Thom. A 75; Baithenus ‥ vas plenum lactis incaute ~er terram effudit (Ciaranus de Saigir 34) VSH I 232; possunt seminari ~er qualibet acra ij busselli FormMan 25; edera arborea crescit ~er arbores et parietes domorum SB 18.  b pro quibus [fidelibus defunctis] in sacro canone quem ~er altare Dominicum soli sacerdotes dicunt specialis oratio funditur H. Reading (I) Dial. V 1212D; facta ‥ ~er eos absolutione, episcopus benedictionem sollempni voce adjecit Ailr. Stand. f. 200; s120 [papa Alexander] constituit verba Domini ~er panem et vinum in canone recitari M. Par. Maj. I 120; 1341 dare benedicciones solempnes ~er populum post missam Lit. Cant. II 243.  c septima divisio [mundi] ‥ vadit super ‥ Marsos, Peligros, Sabinos, Umbriam [Plin. HN VI 218] Bede TR 33; 855 aeterna ultio vel dispersio ~er illos perveniat CS 490; cum ‥ cepissent homines multiplicari ~er terram Eul. Hist. I 24; alias sex regulas universales perfectissimi contrapuncti pro memoria disposui ~er sex cordas monocordi replicatas, sc. ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la Hothby Contrap. 67. 15 (w. ref. to motion) on, over, across (area, expanse of surface, or sim.). pedibus gradior super aequora siccis Aldh. Aen. 38 (Tippula) 6; s1100 que [sagitta] ~er dorsum fere setam radens ‥ volavit, atque regem ‥ letaliter vulneravit Ord. Vit. X 15 p. 87; sicut infantem eam oportuit reptare ~er terram, manibus et pedibus Canon. G. Sempr. f. 142; 1285 cariabit j rengatam fimi ~er terram domini (Loventon) Cust. Suss II 17; 1389 J. fugavit j carectam cum ij equis et ‥ per infortunium cessidit de ‥ carrecta et rota transit ~er collum SelCCoron 95. 16 over, across (to the other side of barrier, obstacle, or sim.). s587 factum est diluvium magnum in Roma, ita ut flumen Tyberis ~er muros urbis influeret Eul. Hist. Chr. Brev. 277; 1340 Roberto ‥ misso per regem ~er mare cum una bargia (AcWardr) TR Bk 203 p. 385; 1381 nullus habeat porcos euntes ~er fossata salvacionum nisi sint anulati (Chanc. Misc.) Terr. Fleet 174 app. xlviii. 17 (w. ref. to position) beyond, on the far side of. Sina, mons in regione Madian ~er Arabiam in deserto qui ‥ Choreb appellatur Bede Nom. Act. 1040; 1207 terram suam juxta W. ~er magnam viam Pipe 124. 18 in addition to, over and above, besides. b (~er hoc) furthermore. 796 noli addere peccatum ~er peccatum per vastationem patriae Alcuin Ep. 109; si horum aliquid accidat homini sixhindo, tripliciter exurgat emendatio ~er emendationem rustici [AS: cyrliscan bote] (Quad.) GAS 73; p1139 si ecclesia ‥ disseisata est, cito reseissatur, ne ~er hoc ulla fiat ei injuria Ch. Sal. 9; non dormiat ~er repletionem stomaci Gad. 11v. 2; sic ‥ episcopus pro jure prioris pronunciavit, et ~er pronunciacionem suam literas suas fecit Graystanes 8; 1425 idem frater W. R. ‥ promittens ‥ quod ~er sanando, reformando, et remediando errore hujusmodi vestre ‥ ordinacioni pareret ‥ et penitenciam ‥ perficeret Reg. Cant. III 127.  b a1071 precipio ut ‥ imperpetuum illud habeant ‥. ~er hoc defendo ne aliquis ‥ aliquid auferat Regesta app. p. 120. 19 in disregard or defiance of, despite. b (esp. w. ref. to deprivation of property or sim.) to the disadvantage or detriment of, from. 803 ut ‥ numquam ‥ ~er haereditatem domini laicos et saeculares sibi praesumant dominos eligere (Clovesho) CS 312; c1080 ~er defensionem meam Regesta app. p. 125; 1123 positus fuit Serlo in misericordia regis ‥ quia excoluerat terram suam ~er saisinam Bernardi Cart. Merton 426; 1166 pro via effossa ~er prohibitionem regis Pipe 8; a1214 si ‥ aliquis pannus tinctus ‥ factus fuerit ~er hanc defensionem BBC 210; 1325 ~er qua cons[uetudine] ‥ falcaverunt CBaron 142.  b quas [acras] occupavit Hugo ‥ ~er canonicos S. Pauli DB I 130rb; 1219 inimici nostri ceperunt villam illam ~er nos Pat 187; 1237 Ricardus occasione illa occupavit ~er eundem Robertum unam acram terre CurR XVI 17; s1198 cepit per insultum tria castella ~er regem Francorum M. Par. Maj. II 447 (= Flor. Hist. II 118); omnia que [rex Francie] occupaverat ~er regem Ricardum per werram Feudal Man. 95; s830 cepit ‥ Legecestriam ‥ ~er Britones Ciren. I 306. 20 on, against (opponent): a (mil., also in fig. context); b (leg.); c (victim of criminal act or sim.). d (in expression of attitude, feeling, or emotion) to, towards, (w. ref. to negative or hostile attitude) against. a Hugonem ‥ qui ‥ in motione magna Jerosolimam ‥ debellatum eam peciit ~er paganos H. Hunt. HA VII 38; si illo tempore rex Philippus ~er regem Henricum in Normanniam intraverit BBExch I 12; 1220 in exercitu nostro, quem congregavimus ~er comitem Albemarle Pat 284; [rex] militavit cum magno exercitu ~er regem Scotie Leg. Ant. Lond. 10.  b a1099 inter cetera que ~er Philippum de B. et ~er Fiscannensem ecclesiam clamabant Regesta 74; si quid furtivum intertietur ~er mercatorem (Quad.) GAS 101 (v. intertiare 1c); 1211 nec ~er eum ibimus nec ~er eum mittemus nisi per legale judicium parium suorum vel per legem terre Magna Carta 39; 1246 condite sunt leges cum rigoris incremento ~er his qui ‥ dampna faciunt in alienis parcis M. Par. Maj. IV 518; tulit breve de novo [sic] dissaisina ~er Walterum Eyre Yorks 57; 1290 ad cassandum breve quod predictus Hugo tulit ~er predictum Rogerum State Tri. Ed. I 20.  c a1089 quicunque dimiserit uxorem suam, et aliam duxerit, adulterium committit ~er eam [Marc. x 11] Lanfr. Ep. 10 (23).  d gens illa [sc. Philistaei] ‥ molesta ~er regno Israelitico et infestata Eul. Hist. II 25. 21 more than, to a greater degree, extent, or amount than, over; b (w. comp.). c (~er omnia or sim.) above all. d before, ahead of, in preference to. 797 non ‥ sine causa nobilissimus filius illius tam parvo tempore vixit ~er patrem Alcuin Ep. 123; Jesum ‥ ~er omnem creaturam ‥ speciosum Anselm Misc. 358; aliquid ‥ ~er iiij d. valens (Quad.) GAS 327; cum constet ecclesie quod speciales orationes juvent ~er generales Gir. GE I 49 p. 133; habitus candidus ~er albedinem nivis et lilii J. Furness Walth. 69; 1318 sermones ~er oleum mollientes (Ep. R. Bury) FormOx 44; ille famosissimus sicarius Robertus Hode cum Litiljohn’ ‥ de quibus stolidum vulgus ‥ in comediis et in tragediis prurienter festum faciunt, et ~er [v. l. pre] ceteris romanciis mimos et bardanos cantitare delectantur Bower X 20.  b a786 si rector rerum omnium istius vitae in itenere me longius ~er te sudare dejudicat Ep. Bonif. 131; dispositione divina, cujus melior est misericordia ~er vitas Canon. G. Sempr. f. 38v; precepta Domini et legem ipsius, que sunt dulciora ~er mel et favum O. Cheriton Fab. 32.  c 793 ~er omnia ‥ karitatem Dei habete in cordibus vestris Alcuin Ep. 16; ~er omnia ‥ amicorum revelare secreta sacrilegium arbitremur Ailr. Spir. Amicit. III 27. 683A.  d illam videre quam speciosam ~er filias Jerusalem angeli venerantur Osb. V. Dunst. 40. 22 (w. ref. to domain of authority or superiority, or precedence) over, above, before. b in charge of (people); c (activity or sim.); d (transf., w. ref. to antiphon sung before and after psalm). e above, superior to (condition, constraint, consequence, or sim.). f (mil., w. ref. to victory, in quot. in fig. context) over. ~er omne piscium genus principatum habuisse Lib. Monstr. I 35; ad satrapam qui ~er eum [vilicum] erat Bede HE V 10; Dominus omnium et Rex ~er omnia Osb. Clar. V. Ed. Conf. 11 p. 89; illi [sc. electores] qui representant solummodo partem alicujus populi ‥ solummodo ad plus poterunt eligere regem seu imperatorem ~er illum populum quam representant Ockham Pol. I 189; Roboam ‥ regnavit ~er ij tribus Eul. Hist. I 46.  b W. C. ‥ vadit in legationibus episcopi et est ~er operarios ad falcandum et metendum Boldon Bk. 28 (cf. ib.: G. ‥ est super operarios ad precationes); erat ipse dispensator Endeus, yconomus ~er artifices in edificandis domibus (Endeus 5) VSH II 62.  c ipse vel aliquis loco ejus erit ~er precationes Boldon Bk. 20; 1304 aliquot ex collectoribus principalibus ~er decimis et obvenientibus Terre Sancte requirebam quod redderent rationem EHR XXVIII 319.  d ad vesperas ~er psalmos una antiphona Stella ista Lanfr. Const. 95 (cf. ib.: ad vesperas ~er psalmos imponant antiphonas de ipsis festivitatibus).  e imperator ‥ est supra positiva jura et non est ~er equitatem naturalem Ockham Dial. 888 (recte 884); 1318 quod ‥ non credimus ~er dolo et fraude futurum (Ep. R. Bury) FormOx 44.  f veritas vincens ~er omnia R. Bury Phil. 1. 22. 23 on, over (one subject to obligation, condition, liability, or sim.); b (w. ref. to debt, tax, or other charge). c (transf., w. ref. to guilt, punishment, or sim.) on, against. d on (object of tax, charge, or sim.). e on, for (object of claim or sim.). has forisfacturas habet rex ~er omnes alodiarios totius comitatus ‥ et ~er homines ipsorum DB I 336rb; ~er omnes istos qui faldam comitis requirebant habebat comes socam et sacam DB II 129b; 1218 scuttagium positum est ~er omnes qui de nobis tenent in capite Pat 171.  b 1166 quot habeam milites feffatos et quot sint ~er dominium meum (Cart. Ep. Exon.) EHR VI 426; 1167 debet lx s. qui remanent ~er canonicos de C. de hoc anno Pipe 112; 1239 volumus quod usure non currant ~er debitores (Pat) Leg. Ant. Lond. 237.  c 1275 ballivus ‥ multas fecit districciones ~er Aliciam ‥ ita quod dicta A. terras suas non potuit colere Hund. I 447b; sanguis ipsius ~er caput ejus erit Ockham Dial. 649; creditur Deum vindictam cepisse ~er Aegyptios Eul. Hist. I 38; sanguis ejus ~er nos et ~er filios nostros Ib. I 98; 1559 amerciamentorum ‥ ~er delinquentes assidendorum et imponendorum (Pat) Gild Merch. II 88.  d 1217 talliagium assidentes ~er dominica nostra Pat 170; 1242 usure non currant ~er eisdem xxx libris Cl 506; 1260 xij denariorum assessorum per annum ad opus regis ~er eadem terra Cl 71; 1309 x quarteria frumenti ‥ assedenda ~er terras S. Jers. XVIII 205.  e c1093 redemi ‥ calumpniam quam habebat Eboracensis ecclesia ‥ ~er Lincolniam ‥ et ~er mansiones Sotw et Dudham Regesta app. p. 134. 24 (w. ref. to judicial procedure, jury, trial, or sim., ponere se ~er) to place oneself on the support of. 1198 ponit se inde ~er juratam patrie CurR I 46; W. ponit se ~er magnam assisam sicut prius BNB 688; 1221 non vult ponere se ~er patriam SelPlCrown 100; 1287 Stephanus ‥ ponit se ~er inquisicionem quod non returnavit iter prout presentatum fuit Hund. Highworth 313. 25 about, concerning, on the subject of; b (w. ref. to object of commentary, topic of written work, or sim.). c with regard to, in respect of, as far as (matter or sim.) is concerned. d at, over, in relation to. 798 ~er hac causa cum sapientibus vestris quaeratis et quicquid vobis videatur nobis postea servandum rescribere dignemini CS 287; non resipuit ~er his Stigandus W. Malm. GP I 23; cum in Francia ‥ inter monachos ‥ et militem quemdam ~er metis agrorum et terrarum suarum terminis contentio sepe fuisset Gir. IK 12 p. 96; 1343 liber continens munimenta ~er terris et possessionibus collatis officio elemosinarii Ac. Durh. 205; 1444 in expensis factis in assisa versus W. E. ‥ ~er recuperacionem commune pasture Ib. 144; 1445 in studio: ‥ unum repertorium ~er diversis libris juris civilis MunAcOx 546.  b misit ‥ epistulam ~er miraculis Bede HE I 31; ~er illum locum Ysaie xliv ‘artifex lignorius, et cetera’ dicit glossa, ‘in dialetica ‥’ T. Chobham Praed. 267; a1332 sompnius Scipionis. exposicio Macrobii ~er eodem. Timei Platonis libri ij. commentum Calcidii ~er eundem Libr. Cant. Dov. 54; 1353 composicionem ~er bajulacionem crucium suarum inierunt Lit. Cant. III 219; c1400 Burlay ~er logicam et de generacione cum aliis (Catal. Libr.) FormOx 244; s1400 literas ~er hujusmodi renunciacione et dimissione ‥ regi ‥ faceret ‥ tradi Ad. Usk 52.  c 1160 eidem R. ~er ejusdem ecclesie repetitione silentium perpetuum imposuimus Ch. Sal. 32; de sollicita ejus diligentia ~er virorum proborum adquisitione Ad. Eyns. Hug. III 8 tit.; confervetus est augurium ‥ et istud est tibi malum signum ~er negotio M. Scot Phys. 56; ~er quo ‥ furto ‥ Reginaldus ‥ petiit immunitatem Sanct. Durh. 73.  d ille qui ‥ cervicibus ‥ intulit manus gaudere ~er mortuum non est permissus Bede HE I 7; Albanus, ~er sermonibus illius vehementer admirans W. S. Alb. V. Alb. & Amphib. 8; pietate commotus ~er eum sanari eum fecit Latin Stories 25; admirans vehementer ammiror ~er tue tyrannidis protervia G. Mon. IX 15 (= Eul. Hist. II 330); s1461 gavisus est ‥ pater ~er filium, qui, postquam perierat, iterum reinventus est Reg. Whet. I 393. 26 on the security, authority, or basis of; b (in oath, injunction, or sim., w. ref. to ‘guarantor’ of sincerity of intent, fidelity, etc.). c against (security for debt). d (~er confidentiam) in trust. e (in attribution of financial responsibility) at (the expense of). 1221 juratores testantur ~er sacramentum suum quod ‥ PlCrGlouc 56; rex Francie ‥ renunciaciones ~er certis juribus et resorto ‥ faceret; ‥ et rex Anglie promisit ‥ juri, quoad coronam Francie, renunciare Ad. Usk 52.  b c1075 vobis mando et ~er feoda vestra praecipio et defendo ne ‥ FormA 290; †725 principibus ~er honorem suum et amorem meum precipio (Lit. Regis) W. Malm. GR I 36C; 1217 Rogerus et ‥ manuceperunt ~er terras suas et corpora sua quod ‥ Pat 106; 1228 vina ‥ que ‥ frater Templarius ‥ dixerit ~er ordinem suum esse propria vina ipsius magistri Ib. 196.  c c1166 Benedictus ‥ quater xx marcas ~er terram suam de Lundonia (KR Misc.) EHR XXVIII 222; 1207 S. B. debet lxvj s. ~er terram suam Pipe 17; 1260 pro pecunia quam ei debemus ~er jocalia nostra Cl 260.  d 1457 ad suum proprium usum et non ~er confidenciam ad usum et opus ‥ alterius personae Lit. Cant. III 230.  e c1170 concessi illi ‥ medietatem custodie canum meorum ~er custum meum Ch. Chester 163; ire cum abbate pro negotio domus ~er expensam abbatis (Burton) EHR XX 282; 1309 victualia nostra eis ~er vadiis suis liberate RScot 65b; 1467 ~er privatis expensis (TR Bk.) JRL Bull. L 456. 27 in accordance with. 1260 debet pacare ~er assisam [or ? l. superassisam], sc. iiij d. Rec. Leic. I 89; quantitatem temporis ~er clok N. Lynn Kal. 189. 28 as a result of, by virtue of. 1217 archiepiscopo ~er ‥ prebendarum collacionem nullam faciatis ‥ injuriam Pat 18; Ricardus cum gladio ‥ eum percussit, ~er qua ‥ percussione idem W. B. ad festum S. Petri ‥ proxime ex tunc sequens obiit Sanct. Durh. 75; ne ‥ timeas ~er his que audisti Flete Westm. 41. 29 for, over, in respect or view of (reason or grounds); b (criminal charge). c for the sake or purpose of, with a view to. d for (the benefit of). nihil ‥ ~er exsilio meo gratuleris Osb. V. Dunst. 27; omnis consuetudo reddatur ‥ ~er amicitiam Dei ad matrem ecclesiam cui adjacet (Quad.) GAS 261; benedixit Deum ~er ineffabili misericordia Eadmer V. Osw. 24; multas ‥ sacerdoti ~er impenso beneficio gratias ‥ referebat Gir. TH II 19; s1386 dicebatur quod absconderunt plures mortuos in sale ne Anglici gauderent ~er multitudine occisorum Knighton Cont. 210.  b 1255 ~er hoc convicti detenti sunt in prisona SelPlForest 33; 1262 diffamatus esset ~er crimine roberie Cl 23; constabularius turris Londoniarum ‥ indictatus fuit super eo quod ‥ cepit unum nasellum ‥ et ad opus suum seisivit MGL II 407; c1300 dominus Thomas Weylaund ‥ ~er retentatione quorundam de suis, qui quendam nuper interfecerant, indictatus per inquisitionem convictus Chr. Bury Cont. A f. 91; 1464 R. M. notatur ~er crimine sortilegii (DCLinc.) Rec. Soc. & Econ. NS XXXII 463.  c 1376 gentes sufficientes ‥ mitteret ‥ ad morandum ~er defensionem terrarum et dominiorum suorum Lit. Cant. III 7; 1421 in donis dat' ‥ suppriori ~er facturam introitus Ac. Durh. 228; s1480 paratus ‥ erit equitare et meare ‥ ~er negotia nostra Reg. Whet. II 226.  d rex [Henricus primus Angliae] fundavit dictum hospitale [S. Innocentium extra Lincolniam] ~er decem leprosis MonA VI 627a. 30 (w. ref. to expenditure or sim.) (in exchange or return) for, on (property, services, or sim.). b in respect of (financial duty). † c972 (12c) ~er antiqui monasterii restitutionem ‥ quod ‥ ab externo paganorum exercitu destructum ‥ CS 1258; a1132 vendiderunt terram suam ‥ et ‥ receperunt ij marcas argenti pro eadem terra et ~er eandem terram Cart. Merton 424; 1359 tempore quo dominus extitit liberatus ~er obsidem ExchScot 619; 1464 in denariis sibi liberatis ‥ ~er vadiis ac passagio et repassagio suis maris (KR Ac) EHR XXI 736; 1511 expensis factis ‥ ~er fossatum maris Finc. cccxcix.  b 1207 in totius regni nostri ‥ dispendium ~er Romscoto ‥ et aliis ‥ exactionibus auctoritate summi pontificis Pat 72a; 1260 liberate ‥ xl marcas ~er feodum ipsius magistri ‥ quod ei concessimus percipiendum ad scaccarium nostrum Cl 235. 31 subject to: a on pain of (the loss of). b pending. a 1153 ~er decem libras forisfacturi [l. forisfacture] vel membrorum suorum periculum Ch. Chester 109; c1160 ne aliquis ita sit temerius ut pacem predicte ecclesie et meam ~er vitam et membra sua audeat violare Regesta Scot. 219; a1075 prohibeo ~er x libras forisfacture ut nullus inde auferat ‥ unam acram Regesta app. p. 121; a1083 nec ‥ consentire volo ut aliquis aliquem injustitiam ei faciat ~er amicitiam meam Ib. app. p. 124; ~er plenam wytam, id est forisfacturam (Leg. Ed.) GAS 657; 1225 non esset ita audax aliquis qui ‥ mercandisam venderet ~er forisfacturam x sol. SelPlCrown 115.  b 1203 ad habendum in custodia ‥ super returnacione prisone ad summonicionem nostram RNorm 84; 1218 vicecomes produxit eum et custodiatur usque ~er Anesty wappentacum Eyre Yorks 280.

1 sŭpĕr, ĕra, ĕrum, v. superus : Cato Agr. 149, 1.

2 sŭper (7) (ὑπέρ),

I adv., ¶ 1 en dessus, par-dessus : eo (= in hos capreolos) super tigna injiciunt Cæs. C. 2, 10, 3, là, sur cela (sur ces chevrons) ils jettent par-dessus des solives = là-dessus ils jettent, cf. Virg. En. 9, 168 ; 6, 221, etc. || du dessus, dʼen haut : Virg. En. 8, 245 ; Tac. Ann. 6, 35 ¶ 2 [fig.] a) en plus, au-delà : satis superque vixisse Cic. Tusc. 1, 110, avoir vécu assez et au-delà, assez et même trop ; satis superque rerum Cic. Læl. 45, assez et même trop dʼaffaires ; super quam satis est Hor. S. 1, 2, 65, plus quʼil nʼest suffisant ; b) en outre : super quam quod Liv. 22, 3, 14, outre que, cf. Liv. 27, 20, 10 ; et super Virg. En. 2, 71, et en outre ; ira super Virg. En. 7, 462, la colère en outre || là-dessus : Virg. En. 5, 482 ; c) en plus, de reste : nihil erat super Nep. Alc. 8, 1, il ne restait rien ; quid super sanguinis (esset) Liv. 4, 58, 13, [ils demandaient] quʼest-ce qui restait de sang, cf. Virg. B. 6, 6 ; En. 3, 489.

II prép.

A acc. ¶ 1 sur, au-dessus de [avec ou sans mouv^t ] : super terras tumulum noluit quicquam statui nisi columellam Cic. Leg. 2, 66, il ne voulut pas que sur le tertre on élevât rien dʼautre quʼune petite colonne ; super aspidem adsidere Cic. Fin. 2, 59, sʼasseoir sur un serpent ; super quas (naves) turrim effectam... opposuit Cæs. C. 3, 39, 2, une tour étant dressée sur les navires, il la plaça en face ; super lateres coria inducuntur Cæs. C. 2, 10, 4, sur les briques on tend du cuir ; scuto super caput elato Liv. 10, 41, 14, avec le bouclier élevé au-dessus de la tête ; stricto super capita gladio Liv. 22, 53, 9, avec lʼépée nue sur les têtes || au-dessus, au-delà de [géographiquement] : Sall. J. 19, 5 ; Liv. 28, 8, 11 ; 43, 21, 6, etc. || au-dessus de [sur le lit de table] : Hor. S. 2, 8, 23 ; Curt. 8, 5, 22 ; Suet. Aug. 43 ¶ 2 [fig.] a) pendant : super cenam Curt. 6, 11, 27, pendant le repas, cf. Curt. 8, 4, 30, etc. ; Plin. Min. Ep. 4, 22, 6 ; 9, 33, 1 ; Suet. Aug. 77 ; Cæs. 87 ; b) en plus de, en sus de, outre : alii super alios Liv. 42, 25, 8, les uns en sus des autres, après les autres [mais alii super alias ruunt Sen. Vita b. 1, 3, ils sʼécroulent les uns sur les autres, cf. Lucr. 6, 186 ; Liv. 3, 34, 6 ] ; super dotem Liv. 26, 50, 12, en plus de la dot, cf. Liv. 28, 46, 15 ; c) au-dessus de : super tres modios Liv. 23, 12, 1, plus de trois boisseaux, cf. Liv. 26, 25, 11 ; Tac. G. 33 ; super omnia Virg. En. 8, 303, par-dessus tout, plus que tout, cf. Liv. 31, 18, 3 ; Quint. 12, 9, 12 ; super omnes Plin. Min. Ep. 7, 13, 2, plus que tous les autres, cf. Suet. Vitell. 13 ; d) super armamentarium positus Curt. 6, 7, 22, préposé à lʼarsenal.

B abl. ¶ 1 super musculo lateres struuntur Cæs. C. 2, 10, 4, des briques sont disposées sur le mantelet ; super cervice Hor. O. 3, 1, 17, sur la tête, cf. Hor. O. 1, 9, 5 ; 1, 12, 6 ; Epo. 7, 3 ; Virg. B. 1, 80 ¶ 2 [fig.] a) pendant : nocte super media Virg. En. 9, 61, au milieu de la nuit, ou, dʼaprès Servius, au-delà du milieu, après le milieu de la nuit ; b) sur, au sujet de : super aliqua re scribere Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1, écrire sur un sujet, cf. Cic. Att. 10, 8, 10 ; 14, 22, 2 ; Pl. Amph. 58 ; Cist. 659 ; Aul. 683, etc.; Sall. J. 71, 5 ; Nep. Paus. 4, 1 ; Litteras super tanta re expectare Liv. 26, 15, 5 ; cura super tali re principum laudata est, 40, 46, 15 ; c) en plus de : super his Hor. S. 2, 6, 3, en plus de cela.

➳ super après son régime : Lucr. 6, 1256 ; 1258 ; Virg. B. 1, 80 ; Tac. Ann. 16, 35 ; H. 3, 19.

super . praep. acc.
上。遇。— Indos 印度國彼邊。— ceteros honores 除他榮。— omnia 在先。— tumulum noluit quidquam statui 在墓上不許安何物。Cubabat — regem 於王上坐席。

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super . praep. abl.
上。除。另論。— triginta ducibus justos triumphos egit 勝三十將而據理奏。Hac — re scribam ad te fusius {}

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super . adv.
在上。另。— quam quod primo male pugnaverat 除先戰之不善外。Erat — pro Supererat. v. supersum.

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super (1) adv.

• cf. ὑπέρ, above, on top, over, upwards: eo super tigna bipedalia iniciunt, Cs.: Inplenturque super puppes, i. e. by rain, V.: superque inmane barathrum Cernatur, from above, V.—In number or quantity, over, moreover, in addition, besides: satis superque esse sibi suarum cuique rerum, enough and to spare: satis superque vixisse: Quidque furor valeat, satisque Ac super ostendit, O.: poenas dedit usque superque Quam satis est, H.: et super, and moreover, V.: satis superque oneris sustinens, res a populoR.gestas scribere, L.: super quam quod dissenserant ab consilio, besides that, L.—Of a remnant, over, left, remaining: Atheniensibus praeter arma nihil erat super, N.: quid super sanguinis, qui dari pro re p. possit, rogitantes, L.: super tibi erunt, qui, etc., V.—In composition, of place, above, over, as in superfluo, superpono, supersedeo, supersto.— Over and above, besides, in addition, as in superaddo, supersum, superfio.

super (2) praep.with acc.and abl.

• 1 super.
• II. With abl., of place, over, above, upon, on: lateres, qui super musculo struantur, Cs.: ensis cui super Cervice pendet, H.: super Pindo, H.: requiescere Fronde super viridi, V.—Of time, during, in, at: Nocte super mediā, V.: rixa super mero Debellata, H.—Of relation, upon, about, of, concerning, respecting: hac super re scribere: litteras super tantā re exspectare, L.: super tali causā missi, N.: super arvorum cultu, V.: Mitte civilīs super Urbe curas, H.: decreta super iugandis Feminis, H.: super tali scelere suspectus, S.—Over and above, besides, beyond: Hortus fons, Et paulum silvae super his, H.—
• IIII. With acc., of place, over, above, on the top of, upon, on: super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui: super lateres coria inducuntur, Cs.: super vallum praecipitari, S.: aqua super montium iuga concreta, L.: aquila super carpentum volitans, L.: Collis erat, collemque super planissima Area, O.: vestis super genua est, Cu.—Of place, above, beyond: Nomentanus erat super ipsum, Porcius infra, above him(at table), H.: super Numidiam Gaetulos accepimus, beyond Numidia, S.: super Sunium navigans, L.—Of time, during, at: super vinum et epulas, Cu.—Of measure, over, above, beyond, in addition to: quod alii super alios legati venirent, i. e. in succession, L.: seniores super sexaginta annos, L.: super solitos honores, L.: super LX milia, more than, Ta.—Fig., of official position, over, in charge of: super armamentarium positus, Cu.—In the phrase, super omnia, above all, before all: aetas et forma et super omnia Romanum nomen, L.: super omnia voltūs Accessere boni, O.

super incumbō cubuī, —, ere,

• to lie down on, cast oneself upon, O.