unguis
unguis, a nail
unguis , is, m.: a finger-nail, 4.673; talon, 12.255; claw, 5.352; in unguem, (polished) to the nail.
unguis, is (abl. ungui, Cat. 62, 43; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 46; id. C. 2, 8, 4; Prop. 1, 20, 39; cf. Charis. p. 120), m. [cf. Gr. ΟΝΥΧ-, ὄνυξ; Sanscr. nakha], a nail of a person's finger or toe.
- I Lit., Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 247; 10, 35, 52, § 106; 28, 2, 5, § 28; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 51; 1, 19, 46; id. S. 1, 3, 101; Prop. 1, 20, 39; Ov. Am. 1, 7, 64; 2, 6, 4; id. A. A. 3, 708.—
- 2 Of animals. a claw, talon, hoof, Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 247; Hor. C. 2, 19, 24; Ov. M. 4, 717; 10, 540; Col. 6, 12; Mart. 14, 199 al.—
- B Proverbial phrases.
- 1 Ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum, from top to toe, from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot, Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20.—
- 2 A rectā conscientiā transversum unguem non discedere, not to depart a finger's breadth in the least, Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4; cf. ellipt.: urge igitur, nec transversum unguem, quod aiunt, a stilo, id. Fam. 7, 25, 2: si tu ex isto loco digitum transvorsum aut unguem latum excesseris, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 17 (56) sq.; Hier. Ep. 127, 8 (v. transversus and digitus).—
- 3 Cum medium ostenderet unguem, i. e. showed utter derision, the greatest contempt (because the middle finger was regarded as indecent), Juv. 10, 53.—
- 4 Incestos amores De tenero meditatur ungui, i. e. from childhood, ἐξ ἁπαλῶν ὸνύχων, Hor. C. 3, 6, 24 (for which: a teneris unguiculis, Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2).—
- 5 Ad or in unguem, after the Gr. εἰς ὄνυχα or ἐπ ὄνυχος, to a hair, to a nicety, exactly, perfectly (an expression borrowed from sculptors, who, in modelling, give the finishing touch with the nail; or joiners, who test the accuracy of joints in wood by the nail: materiem dolare ad unguem, Col. 11, 2, 13: ad unguem Factus homo, highly polished, perfectly accomplished, Hor. S. 1, 5, 32; cf.: carmen decies castigare ad unguem, id. A. P. 294 Jan. ad loc.: suturae capitis in unguem committuntur, Cels. 8, 1, § 12; Verg. G. 2, 277 Serv.; Vitr. 4, 6, 2; cf. also: carmina molli numero fluere, ut per leve severos effundat junctura unguis, Pers. 1, 65.—
- 6 Homo, cujus pluris erat unguis, quam tu totus es, a man whose little finger was worth more than your whole body, Petr. 57 fin.—
- 7 Rodere ungues, to bite the nails, i. e. to be buried in thought, etc.: ille in versu faciendo Saepe caput scaberet vivos et roderet ungues, Hor. S. 1, 10, 71; cf.: ungue meam morso saepe querere fidem. Prop. 3 (4), 25, 4: et saepe inmeritos corrumpas dentibus ungues, id. 2, 4, 3 (13).—
- II Transf.
- A Of plants, a nail-like spot, the tip, extremity, Plin. 12, 9, 19, § 36; 21, 18, 73, § 121; Col. 4, 24, 7; Pall. Febr. 12, 5.—
- B A kind of shell-fish, perh. the razor-fish, Varr. L. L. 5, 12, 23.—
- C A hook: ferrei, Col. 12, 18, 2. —
- D A white skin on the eye, a web, haw, πτερύγιον, Cels. 7, 7, 4.
unguis, is, m. (v. ὄνυξ), der Nagel an dem Finger od. an der Zehe, I) eig.: a) der Menschen, ungues ponere, Hor., od. resecare, Plin., od. subsecare, Ov., od. recidere, Curt.: ungues rodere, an den N. kauen (bei langem Nachsinnen), Hor.: mordere ungues, in die Nägel beißen (vor Verdruß oder Reue), Prop.: so auch ungues corrumpere dentibus, Prop.: medium unguem ostendere, den m. Finger zeigen, ausstrecken, als Zeichen der Ärgsten Verschmähung (da der Mittelfinger als unzüchtig galt), Iuven. 10, 53: ab imis unguibus sese totam adusque summos capillos perlinit, wir »vom Kopf bis auf die Zehe«, Apul. met. 3, 21. – Sprichw., ab imis unguibus ad verticem summum, vom Kopf bis zur Zehe od. zu den Fußspitzen (wie wir umgekehrt sagen), Cic. Rosc. com. 20: a recta conscientia traversum unguem non oportet discedere, nicht einen Querfinger (wir »kein Haar«) breit, Cic. ad Att. 13, 20, 4: ebenso si tu ex istoc loco digitum transvorsum aut unguem latum excesseris, Plaut. aul. 57: te numquam ab illa ne transversum quidem unguem, ut dicitur, recessisse, Hieron. epist. 127, 8: u. ellipt., nec transversum unguem (wir »um kein Haar«), quod aiunt, a stilo, Cic. ep. 7, 25, 2. – u. ähnlich non ungue latius (wir »keinen Finger breit«) digredi od. discedere, Apul. met. 2, 18; 10, 26; 11, 17. – de tenero ungui, von Kindesbeinen an, Hor. carm. 3, 6, 24. – ad unguem, in unguem, wie das griech. εἰς ὄνυχα, ἐπʼ ὄνυχος, bis auf die Nagelprobe (ein von den Bildhauern entlehnter Ausdruck, die mit dem Nagel zuletzt die Glätte ihrer Arbeit prüften) = bis aufs Haar, aufs genauste, ad unguem materiem dolare, Colum. 11, 2, 13: ad unguem factus homo, ein fein geglätteter M., ein feiner Weltmann, Hor. sat. 1, 5, 32 u. dazu Porphyr.: carmen decies castigare ad unguem, Hor. de art. poët. 294: ex his ceterae suturae (capitis) in unguem committuntur, vereinigen sich auf das genauste (aufs Haar), Cels. 8, 1. p. 321, 23 D.: u. so uti crepidines excurrant et in unguem ipso cymatio coniungantur, Vitr. 4, 6, 2: omnia in unguem secto via limite quadret, Verg. georg. 2, 277 sq. – homo, cuius pluris unguis, quam tu totus es, der mir am kleinen Finger lieber ist, Petron. 57, 10. – me Caesaris oratio uncis unguibus attinet, M. Caes. in Fronto epist. Graec. 6. p. 253, 6 N. – b) der Tiere, die Klaue, Kralle, Tatze, Branke (von den ein- und zweihufigen aber gew. ungula), Verg., Colum. u.a. – II) übtr.: A) von Pflanzen, das Nagelförmige, der äußerste Teil, zB. an Rosenblättern, Plin.: des Holzes an Weinstöcken über dem Auge, Colum. – B) der Haken, ferreus, Colum. 12, 18, 2. – C) ein weißes Fell im Auge, das Nagelfell, Gels. 7, 7. no. 4. – D) eine Art Muschel, viell. die Messerscheide, Varro LL. 5, 77. – ➳ Abl. gew. ungue, bei Dichtern auch unguī, zB. Catull. 62, 43. Hor. carm. 2, 8, 4 u.a. – Nbf. unx, Gloss. II, 508, 54; III, 151, 43 u.ö.
homines ‥ nigri ‥ quorum nos quendam vidimus carbonea nigredine, dentibus et oculis tantummodo et ~ibus nitentem
multi solent desuper contextam Christi tunicam hereticis scindere ~ibus
quamdiu psalmi dicuntur nemo tondeatur, vel caput abluat, vel ~es incidat
tinctores ‥ pictos habent ~es [gl.: ], quorum ‥ quidam sunt nigri, quidam blodii, quidam rubeiles ungeles
hec ~is, A.a nayle of a man
nascitur ergo puer forma speciosus, et alter / fit Samuel, Domino condignus ab ungue tenello
unde sibi praeceptorem lucratus ad unguem / bis didicit bini pia dogmata docte fluenti / ritus paschales, varium lunaeque recursum
qui nec nichil philosophie attigit nec in eadem ad ~em nutritus est
si mandatum domini pape ad ~em exequimini
comes malens mori trucidatus quam fame contabescere equum ascendit preciosum armatus ad ~em
hoc capitulum regule ‥ facere omni die non possumus continue ad ~em
ut in his sacrorum canonum dispositio ad ~em servetur
usque sub extremum devoti codicis unguem / rebamur sanctam dicere progeniem
grex catulorum ‥ terribiles infixit ~es
~es [gl.: i. ungulas ] ritu falconum et accipitrum seu certe adinstar cavanorum acuuntur
basis ‥ templi Domini eximia saevos leonis dentes atque ~es ostendere videbatur
nec corvus cuculum dissecet ungue fero
egreditur et quasi columba seducta non habens cor mox accipitris excipitur ~ibus
accipitres ‥ falcones, et nisos, quibus ‥ pedes ~ibus armatos ‥ natura dedit
[leonis ymago ] que hastile cum expanso vexillo regio dextris ~ibus tenuit elevatum
terribiles inimicorum cervicibus infigunt mucronum ~es
quantis exhortationis ~e exaratis triticeis seminibus insertis aliis quidem centenum aliis sexagenum aliis tricenum bone messis captavit fructum(
nam gradior pedibus suffultus bis duodenis, / sed decies nouem sunt et sex corporis ungues
taurus ‥ ~ibus terram defodiens
fumositate ‥ per poros corporis [cervi ] egrediente fiunt pili, capilli, et ~es, et etiam cornua
ex tela [fit ] pannus, ex panno ~is, et generaliter quodlibet istorum ‥ vix vel numquam curari potest
ex panno condensato fit ~is, quando extendit se cornea ad conjunctivam
onix, lapis, eo quod habet in se candorem ad instar ~is, quod dicitur onix Grece
unguis, (9) is, m. (cf. ὄνυξ), ¶ 1 ongle [de la main ou du pied] : [de lʼhomme] Cic. Tusc. 5, 77 ; Plin. 11, 247, etc. ; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 51 ; 1, 19, 46, etc. || [des animaux] Cic. Nat. 2, 122 ; Plin. 11, 247 ; Hor. O. 2, 19, 24 ; Ov. M. 4, 717 ¶ 2 express. prov. : a) ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem Cic. Com. 20, des pieds à la tête ; b) ab aliqua re traversum unguem non discedere Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4, ne pas sʼécarter de qqch. dʼun travers dʼongle, de lʼépaisseur dʼun ongle = dʼun pouce, dʼune ligne ; urge igitur, nec transversum unguem, quod aiunt, a stilo Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2, courage donc et ne tʼéloigne pas de ta plume de lʼépaisseur dʼun pouce, comme on dit, cf. Pl. Aul. 57 ; Apul. M. 2, 18 ; 10, 26 ; 11, 17 ; c) medium unguem ostendere Juv. 10, 53, montrer le doigt du milieu, narguer du doigt ; d) de tenero ungui Hor. O. 3, 6, 24, dès la plus tendre enfance ; e) ad unguem carmen castigare Hor. P. 294, châtier, corriger un poème jusquʼà la perfection [comme le marbrier éprouve le poli en passant lʼongle sur la pierre] ; ad unguem factus homo Hor. S. 1, 5, 32, homme accompli ; in unguem Virg. G. 2, 277, parfaitement, cf. Cels. Med. 8, 1, 12 ; v. Pers. 1, 65 ; f) vivos rodere ungues Hor. S. 1, 10, 71, ronger ses ongles au vif [geste dʼimpatience] ¶ 3 [fig.] a) onglet dans les plantes : Plin. 12, 36 ; 21, 121 ; d) sorte de coquillage : Varro L. 5, 77 ; c) grappin, crochet : Col. Rust. 12, 18, 2 ; d) taie sur lʼœil : Col. Rust. 7, 7, 4.
- 1. (vinger-, teen)nagel; ➤ ungues recidere, subsecare, purgare; ungues rodere nagelbijten; — sprw. uitdrukkingen: de tenero ungui van kindsbeen af; ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem (summum) van top tot teen; ad, in unguem zeer nauwkeurig; transversum unguem non discedere geen duimbreed wijken;
- 2. (poët.; postklass.) klauw, poot;
- 3. haak.
unguis , is. m.
指甲。瓜。獸馬蹄。花葉跟。目病類。甲魚類。Transversus vel latus unguis {} — Ad unguem 毫無差。Ad unguem factus homo 毫無病之士。才德俱全者。Ungues purgare cultello 以小刀修指甲。Ponere vel subsecare ungues 修指甲。Medium unguem ostendere 置于不問。Homo cujus pluris erat unguis quam tu totus es 此人之一指甲貴于汝之一身。
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指甲。瓜。獸馬蹄。花葉跟。目病類。甲魚類。Transversus vel latus unguis {} — Ad unguem 毫無差。Ad unguem factus homo 毫無病之士。才德俱全者。Ungues purgare cultello 以小刀修指甲。Ponere vel subsecare ungues 修指甲。Medium unguem ostendere 置于不問。Homo cujus pluris erat unguis quam tu totus es 此人之一指甲貴于汝之一身。
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unguis is, abl.ungue (unguī, Ct., H.), m
- cf. ὄνυξ.—On the finger or toe, a nail: acutus, H.: proprios purgans unguīs, H.: ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum, i. e. from head to foot: a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non discedere, not a finger's breadth: medium ostendere unguem, i. e. the finger of scorn(because insulting gestures were made with the middle finger), Iu.: De tenero ungui, i. e. from childhood, H.: ad unguem Factus homo, i. e. finished to a hair(because artisans test the closeness of joints by the nail), H.: in unguem quadrare, i. e. precisely, V.—Of animals, a claw, talon, hoof: leonis, H.: avidos (praepes) figit cervicibus unguīs, O.
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…poma sub arboribus, et circum irriguo surgebant lilia prato candida purpureis mixta papaveribus. quae modo decerpens tenero pueriliter ungui proposito florem praetulit officio, et modo formosis incumbens nescius undis errorem blandis tardat imaginibus. tandem haurire parat demissis…
Propertius, Elegies
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…cornua decrescunt, fit luminis artior orbis, contrahitur rictus, redeunt umerique manusque, ungulaque in quinos dilapsa absumitur ungues de bove nil superest formae nisi candor in illa. Officioque pedum nymphe contenta duorum erigitur metuitque loqui, ne…
Ovid, Metamorphoses
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…isto modo nemo ; bene malene videro, sed, quicquid est, nostrum est. urge igitur nec transversum unguem, quod aiunt, a stilo ; is enim est dicendi opifex. atque equidem aliquantum iam etiam noctis adsumo…
Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares
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…serpendo ad pastum accedunt, alia volando alia nando, cibumque partim oris hiatu et dentibus ipsis capessunt, partim unguium tenacitate arripiunt partim aduncitate rostrorum, alia sugunt alia carpunt alia vorant alia mandunt. atque etiam aliorum east humilitas…
M. Tullius Cicero, de Natura Deorum
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…ta, ut in brumali die natis, ut in simul aegrotantibus fratribus, ut in urina, ut in unguibus, ut in reliquis eius modi, naturae contagio valet, quam ego non tollo, vis est nulla fatalis…
M. Tullius Cicero, De Fato
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…utriusque considerate. nonne ipsum caput et supercilia illa penitus abrasa olere malitiam et clamitare calliditatem videntur non ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum, si quam coniecturam adfert hominibus tacita corporis figura, ex fraude, fallaciis, mendaciis…
Cicero, pro Q. Roscio comoedo
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…stulte nihil melius ; curandum enim non est. atque hoc in omni vita sua quemque a recta conscientia traversum unguem non oportet discedere viden quam φιλοσόφως an tu nos frustra existimas haec in manibus habere δεδῆχθαι te ; eo…
Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum
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…sapientem trudere nefas esse. contra ille convocata de hortulis in auxilium quasi Liber turba temulentorum quaerentium tamen quem incomptis unguibus bacchantes asperoque ore discerpant, voluptatis nomen suavitatem quietem teste populo exaggerans instat acriter ut nisi ea beatus nemo esse…
M. Tullius Cicero, Academica
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…utar potissimum auctore te hic Iovis altisoni subito pinnata satelles arboris e trunco serpentis saucia morsu subigit ipsa feris transfigens unguibus anguem semianimum et varia graviter cervice micantem ; quem se intorquentem lanians rostroque cruentans, iam satiata animos, iam…
M. Tullius Cicero, De Divinatione
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…dii boni pueri Spartiatae non ingemescunt verberum dolore laniati. adulescentium greges Lacedaemone vidimus ipsi incredibili contentione certantis pugnis calcibus unguibus morsu denique, cum exanimarentur prius quam victos se faterentur. quae barbaria India vastior aut agrestior in ea tamen…
M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes