vicus

vīcus, i, m. [Sanscr. vēcas, vēcman, house; Gr. οἶκος; O. H. Germ. wīch, village; and Engl. -wick or -wich, as in Berwick, Norwich].

• Collectively, a row of houses in town or country, a quarter of a city, a street, Cic. Mil. 24, 64; Caes. B. C. 1, 27; Hor. S. 2, 3, 228; id. Ep. 1, 20, 18; 2, 1, 269; Ov. F. 6, 610 al.—
• II A village, hamlet, a country-seat: si quis Cobiamacho, qui vicus inter Tolosam et Narbonem est, deverterentur, Cic. Font. 5, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 5; 2, 7; 4, 4; Liv. 38, 30, 7; Tac. G. 12; Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 5; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 8; 1, 15, 7; 2, 2, 177 al.

vīcus, ī, m., (nach Varro LL. 5, 145 von via, richtiger st. voicos, οἶκος, gotisch weihs, ahd. wīh, vgl. Weichbild), ein »Häuserkomplex«, I) in der Stadt, das Quartier, Stadtviertel, aber auch die Häuserreihe, Gasse, nullum in urbe vicum esse, in quo non etc., Cic.: vicos plateasque inaedificat, Caes.: hostes per vicos et plateas undique obruunt dimicantes, Veget.: inter vicos aut inter vias manere, Suet.: in vico angusto habitare, Petron.: dimensis vicorum ordinibus et latis viarum spatiis, Tac.: in Rom, v. Tuscus, Cyprius, Iugarius u.a., Liv. – II) auf dem Lande: A) der Weiler, das Dorf, der Flecken, als eine Menge vereinigter Wohnungen, Cic., Caes. u.a.: maritimus, Liv.: per pagos vicosque, Tac. – B) das Gehöft = Landgut, Vorwerk, Bauernhof, ad me scribis te vicum vendituram, Cic.: quid vici prosunt aut horrea? Hor. – ➳ arch. Nomin. veicus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 603 u. 1462: Genet. Plur. veicorum, ibid. 14, 2121. – heterokl. nach der 4. Deklin., Abl. Sing. vicu, Vict. Vit. 1, 42: Akk. Plur. vicus, Vict. Vit. 2, 15 u. 3, 48.

vicus [CL; cf. et. AS, ME wic] 1 settlement (as unit, applied to variously sized collections of dwellings, sts. understood to include surrounding territory), village, township, borough, manor, etc.. venit ‥ ad villam in qua habitabat ‥ tunc ardente domu ‥ in extrema parte ~i ad orientem posita V. Cuthb. II 7; in ~o regis inlustri qui vocatur Ad Murum Bede HE III 21 p. 170; in ~o regio qui dicitur Rendlaesham, id est mansio Rendili Ib. III 22 p. 174; cum adversantium sibi urbes et villas, ~os et castella, igne ferroque vastaret Felix Guthl. 17; 734 hoc etiam confirmatum est ‥ in ~o regali Werburgewic Text. Roff. f. 121v; c790 exemplum Christi ‥ qui per civitates ‥ ~os, villas evangelizando iter agebat Alcuin Ep. 28; 812 actum est ‥ in ~o regis Lundon' CS 340; nascitur ‥ in regio ~o [v. l. regia mansione] nuncupato Kymesinthia Gosc. Edith 41; in pago ‥ Wiltoniensis, in ~o qui Caninges apellatur Ib. 300; prope civitatem Lugdunensem erat ~us in quo ‥ Alex. Cant. Mir. 22 (II) p. 200; regium ~um qui proximus involavere, villicum suppetias ferentem leto dedentes W. Malm. GR I 43; sedem episcopalem ‥ ad insignem mercimoniis ‥ ~um transtulit nomine Norwic Ib. IV 339; ad Warran veniens ‥ succenso et depredato ~o statim etiam castello potitus est R. Niger Chr. II 187; est in Connactia ~us quidam quem S. Nannani illustrat ecclesia Gir. TH II 31. 2 (as unit within larger settlement) district or locale, quarter, ward, (esp.) street (as collection of buildings), (also transf.) road; b (w. particular identification, designation, name, or sim.). 957 per longum pertranseundo ~um [AS: strete] illum recte super Tamisiam CS 988; in civitate ‥ in arce ‥ ponunt philosophos, in secundo ~o milites, in tercio cupidinarios, in suburbio agricolas Bern. Comm. Aen. 109; per ~os et plateas H. Bos. Thom. III 37 p. 310; 1269 quolibet burgi ~o erit unus custos ad minus ad quem hutesium levatum possit presentari CBaron 80; separemus nos ab invicem per sex ~os, ita ut nullus nostrum sit cum alio Latin Stories 30; 1332 in hospicio ejusdem prioris in London in warda de Crepelgate in quod[am] ~o vocato Silverstrete LTR Mem 105 m. 21; 1344 latrinas fecerunt pendentes ultra ~um ejusdem venelle MGL II 449.  b terra S. Marie in qua T. manet in magno ~o non dedit DB I 335rb; c1190 in ~o Judeorum Oxenefordie Cart. Osney II 553; a1200 partem que est ‥ juxta magistralem ~um Deeds Newcastle 40; c1230 cum solario quod se extendit versus ~um de draperia Cart. Osney II 56; 12‥ que jacet in ~o navium Reg. Aberd. II 278; 1320 unam domum ‥ in medio summi ~i existentem AncD D 7990; 1321 unum mesuagium ‥ in ~o sancti Thome in suburbio Dublinie in parochia sancti Jacobi Reg. Kilmainham 3; 1334 in ~o de Segate RScot I 274a; 1440 in villa Bristollie in alto ~o in rangia cocorum Cl 290 m. 11d.; 1493 ~um regium de Wodestrete ‥ London FormA 439; 1548 altum communem ~um CalPat 373; 1559 jacentem ‥ S. Andree in ~o forali Scot. Grey Friars II 203.

1 vīcus, (9) ī, m. (οἶκος), ¶ 1 quartier dʼune ville : Cic. Mil. 64 ; Cæs. C. 1, 27 ; Hor. S. 2, 3, 228 ; Ep. 1, 20, 10 ¶ 2 bourg, village : Cæs. G. 1, 5, 2 ; 2, 7, 3, etc. ; Cic. Font. 9 ; Fam. 15, 4, 9, etc. || terre, propriété à la campagne, ferme : Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 5.

vicus , i. m.
材。鄉。各方城。田宅。里巷。

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vīcus ī, m

• 2 VIC-, a row of houses, street, quarter, ward: in urbe: vicos plateasque inaedificat, Cs.: Tusci turba inpia vici, H.—A village, hamlet: Cobiamachus, qui vicus, etc.: vicos ad quadringentos incendunt, Cs., L., H., Ta.—A country-seat; vicum vendere: Quid vici prosunt aut horrea, H.

VICUS

VICUS(akin to οἷκος), a term used in different applications.

1. In the earliest times the various Italian nations appear to have lived, not in towns, but in cantons (pagi), consisting of an indefinite number of vici or homesteads, with one common place of shelter (arx or castellum) in time of war, sometimes itself called pagus. The term pagus fell out of use, being replaced by more precise names, but vicus continued to denote a hamlet or similar group of buildings, attached to a town; hence the word is often translated village. Cf. the Lex Rubria and Lex Julia in C. I. L. 1.205, 206.

2. In towns the word vicus means a street or quarter (cf. Varro, L. L. 5.145: in oppido vici a via, quod ex utraque parte viae sunt aedificia). Strictly speaking, it seems to have denoted a block of buildings bounded by the streets (plateae) and the alleys (angiportus), but it was doubtless used with some latitude (Jordan, Top. Roms, 2. p. 80). Cf. vicus Tuscus, &c.

3. According to tradition, Servius Tullius divided the city of Rome into four tribes, each subdivided into vici, while the country tribes were divided into pagi; and when Augustus in B.C. 8 redivided the city into fourteen regions, each region was still subdivided into vici (Suet. Aug. 30; Dio Cass.). It is not always possible to separate our information as to the earlier vici from that which bears upon the later ones; but there is no reason to believe that any important changes were made; and perhaps Mommsen is right in regarding the redivision as mainly intended to organise better the worship of the Lares Compitales. The vici in the different regiones varied in number: the total under Augustus was, according to Pliny (Plin. Nat.3.66), 265: under Constantine there must have been at least 307. The vici were administered by magistri vicorum (vico magistri), elected, four for each vicus (cf. the basis Capitolina in C. I. L. 6.975, ib. 445 ff.), from the commons, mostly liberti: it is probable that the four took turns to act as magister. Hadrian fixed the number of magistri vicorum at 48 for each region, irrespective of the number of vici; and this is the number which we find in the Notitia of the time of Constantine (Jordan, 2.541 if.).

Besides the oversight of the drains and fountains and a general police supervision under the aediles, the chief duty of the magistri vicorum consisted in providing for the worship of the Lares Compitales, at the sacella usually erected at the crossways. These formed part of the popular religion, and were maintained by the collegia compitalicia: but they acquired increased importance after Augustus added to. the two Lares Compitales the Genius Augusti (Suet. Aug. 31), fixed the festival, which previously had been feriae conceptivae, for two days in May and August (probably the Kalends), and granted the magistri the privilege of appearing in the toga praetexta attended by two lictors. (Cf. Marquardt, 3.200; Ascon. in Pis. p. 7.) The Compitalia were probably identical with the Laralia (cf. Mommsen, C. I. L. 1. p. 393); but quite distinct from the Paganalia.

Our information as to the distribution of the vici among the regiones is mainly derived from two descriptions of Rome under Constantine, the earlier (A.D. 334) commonly called the Notitia, the later (A.D. 357) the Curiosum urbis Romae regionum xiv.: the former was at one time ascribed (in an interpolated form) to a nonexistent scholar P. Victor; the latter with as. little reason to Sex. Rufus.

[A.S.W]

VICUS

VICUS[UNIVERSITAS]

Vicus

(κώμη). Originally a habitation, taken in a collective sense, as a number of houses contiguous to each other; thence, a street with houses on each side, both in a country village or a city; and so a division or quarter of a town consisting of a certain number of dwellings.