ἦμαρ

ἦμαρ, Dor. and Arc. ἆμαρ, ατος, τό,

• = ἡμέρα, day, the prevailing form in Hom., νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα Od. 11.183; νύκτας τε καὶ ἦμαρ by night and day, Il. 5.490, Od. 24.63 (where sg. ἦμαρ is used as pl., as in ποσσῆμαρ, ἐννῆμαρ, ἑξῆμαρ) ; ἆμαρ ἢ νύκτες Pi. P. 4.256; ἦμαρ alone, by day, Hes. Op. 176 (but τὸ ἦ. on that day, JHS 12.234 (Cilicia)); μέσον ἦ. midday, Il. 21.111, cf. Pi. P. 9.113, etc.; δείελον ἦ. evening, Od. 17.606; ἤματι χειμερίῳ on a winterʼs day, Il. 12.279, cf. 16.385.
• • • 2 used in Ep. with Adjs., of a state or condition, αἴσιμον, ὀλέθριον, μόρσιμον, νηλεὲς ἦ., the day of destiny, of death, Il. 8.72, 19.294, Od. 10.175, Il. 11.484; ἐλεύθερον, δούλιον, ἀναγκαῖον ἦ., the day of freedom, of slavery, 6.455, 463, 16.836; νόστιμον ἦ. Od. 1.9, al.; ἦ. ὀρφανικόν Il. 22.490.
  • II with Preps., ἐπʼ ἤματι day by day, daily, Od. 12.105, 14.105 (αἰὲν ἐπʼ ἤματι S. OC 688); in a day, within a dayʼs space, Il. 10.48, 19.229, Od. 2.284; ἐπʼ ἄματι at the close of day Theoc. 24.139; ἐπʼ ἆ. by day, S. OT 199; ἐπʼ ἦ. for a day, Id. Fr. 255.3, E. Ph. 401; ἐπʼ ἆμαρ ἕκαστον, ἆμαρ ἐπʼ ἆμαρ, Theoc. 17.96, 11.69; ἦ. ἐπʼ ἦ. ἀεί AP 9.499; κατʼ ἦ. day by day, S. Ph. 798, E. Hec. 628; κατʼ ἦ. αἰεί S. OC 682 (lyr.); ἀεὶ κατʼ ἦ. E. Tr. 392; ἀεὶ τὸ κατʼ ἦ. Id. El. 145 (lyr.); τὸ κατʼ ἆμαρ the needs of the day, oneʼs daily bread, S. Ph. 1089, Fr. 593 (lyr.); but κατʼ ἆ. also, this day, to-day, Id. OC 1079,cf. Aj. 753; τὸ μὲν παρʼ ἆ., τὸ δέ on one day, and on the next . . , Pi. P. 11.63; παρʼ ἦ. on the morrow, S. OC 1455 (lyr.); παρʼ ἦ. ἡμέρα day after day, Id. Aj. 475; ἰν ἄματα πάντα in perpetuity, IG 5(2).5 (Tegea); without ἰν, ib. 262.22 (Mantinea).

ἦμαρ, ατος, τό, p. = ἡμέρα, die vorherrschende Form bei Hom., sowohl der Tag im Ggstz der Nacht, als der bürgerliche Tag, die Nacht einbegreifend ; ἔσσεται ἦμαρ ὅτʼ ἄν ποτʼ ὀλώλῃ Ἴλιος ἱρή Il. 6.448 ; νύκτας τε καὶ ἤματα Od. 11.181 u. oft ; ἤματα πάντα, ἐπʼ ἤματι, Tag für Tag, täglich, 12.105, 14.105 ; aber ἐπʼ ἤματι δακρύσαντας Il. 19.229 = einen Tag lang. Häufig dient es zu Umschreibungen, αἴσιμον ἦμαρ, Il. 8.72, 21.100, 22.212, Od. 16.280, der Schicksals-, Todestag, u. ä. μόρσιμον, Il. 13.613, Od. 10.175, wie μοιρίδιον ἆμαρ Pind. P. 5.255 ; ἀναγκαῖον, der Tag des Zwanges, der Dienstbarkeit, Knechtschaft, Il. 16.836, wie δούλιον 6.463, Od. 14.340, 17.323 ; so auch δούλειον ἦμαρ, Eur. Hec. 56, Andr. 99 ; ἐλεύθερον, der freie Tag, die Freiheit, Il. 6.455, 16.831, 20.193 ; κακὸν ἦμαρ, das Unglück, Il. 9.255 u. öfter ; eben so νηλεές, bes. vom Morde, 11.484, 588, 15.375, Od. 9.17 ; ὀλέθριον, Il. 19.294, 409 ; ὀρφανικόν, 22.490, die Verwaisung ; νόστιμον ἦμαρ, der Tag der Heimkehr, die Rückkehr, Od. 1.9, 168 ; von den Jahreszeiten, ὀπωρινόν, χειμέριον ἦμαρ, Herbsttag, Wintertag, Il. 12.279, 16.385 ; Tragg., κατʼ ἦμαρ καὶ κατʼ εὐφρόνην Soph. El. 251 ; εἴ τι νὺξ ἀφῇ, τοῦτʼ ἐπʼ ἦμαρ ἔρχεται O.R. 199 ; λευκὸν κατʼ ἦμαρ Aesch. Ag. 654 ; κρεοῦργον, μοιρόκραντον u. ä. s. unter diesen Wörtern ; κατʼ ἦμαρ αἰεί, täglich, Soph. O.C. 688 ; αἰὲν ἐπʼ ἤματι 694 ; ἐπʼ ἦμαρ eben so, O.C. 1455 ; κατʼ ἦμαρ τὸ νῦν, heute, Aj. 740 ; τὸ κατʼ ἦμαρ, die täglichen Bedürfnisse, Phil. 1078 ; sp.D., ἦμαρ ἐπʼ ἦμαρ ἀεί, Tag für Tag, Ep.adesp. 440 (IX.499), wie Theocr. 11.69 ; ἐπʼ ἤματι, nach dem Tage, nach Ablauf des Tages, 23.137.
Bei Aesch. Pers. 293 ist λευκὸν ἦμαρ νυκτὸς ἐκ μελαγχίμου der helle, glückliche Tag, das Glück, vgl. Ag. 874 κάλλιστον ἦμαρ εἰσιδεῖν ἐκ χείματος.

ἦμαρ

-ατος, τό

[cf. ἡμέρη.]

• • 1

    Day, the day, the period of daylight: μέσον ἠ. Il. 21.111, ὄφρʼ ἀέξετο ἠ. Il. 8.66 = Il. 11.84: = Od. 9.56. Cf. Od. 7.288, Od. 10.86, 470, Od. 17.191, Od. 18.367 = Od. 22.301.

    For δείελον ἠ. see δείελος 2.

  • 2

    A day considered as a space of time.

  • • a

      As a period of daylight: πᾶν ἠ. Il. 1.592, νύκτας τε καὶ ἠ. Il. 5.490. Cf. Il. 1.601, Il. 9.326, Il. 18.340, 453, Il. 19.162, Il. 22.432, Il. 23.186, Il. 24.73, 713, 745: Od. 2.345, Od. 5.156, 388, Od. 9.74, 161 = 556 = Od. 10.183 = 476 = Od. 12.29 = Od. 19.424, Od. 10.11, 28, 80 = Od. 15.476, Od. 10.142, Od. 11.183 = Od. 13.338 = Od. 16.39, Od. 16.365, Od. 17.515, Od. 19.513, Od. 20.84, Od. 24.41, 63.

    • b

      As embracing both daylight and dark: ἐείκοσιν ἤματα Il. 6.217, ἤματα πάντα Il. 8.539 (for ever), Il. 12.133 (ever), Il. 13.826, Il. 14.235 (all my days), 269, 276, Il. 16.499, Il. 23.594, Il. 24.491: Od. 2.205, Od. 4.209, 592, Od. 5.136 = Od. 7.257 = Od. 23.336, Od. 5.210, 219, Od. 6.46, 281, Od. 7.94, Od. 8.431, Od. 9.123, Od. 10.467, Od. 15.54, Od. 21.156, Od. 23.6, Od. 24.25. Cf. Il. 21.45: Od. 4.360, Od. 5.278, Od. 7.267, Od. 19.199.

  • 3

    A day considered as a point or unit of time or as one of a series: ἤματι κείνῳ (on that day, that day) Il. 2.37, 482, Il. 4.543, Il. 18.324, Il. 21.517, τρίτῳ ἤματι Il. 11.707, ἤματα πάντα (during or on each day, every day) Il. 19.226. Cf. Il. 2.351, 743, Il. 3.189, Il. 4.164 = Il. 6.448, Il. 5.210, Il. 6.345, 422, Il. 8.475, Il. 9.253 = 439 = Il. 11.766, Il. 9.363, Il. 11.444, Il. 12.279, Il. 13.98, 335, Il. 14.250, Il. 15.76, 252, 719, Il. 16.385, Il. 17.401, Il. 18.85, Il. 19.60, 89, 98, Il. 21.5, 77, 584, Il. 22.359, 471, Il. 23.87: Od. 2.55 = Od. 17.534, Od. 3.180, Od. 5.34, 262, 309, 390 = Od. 9.76 = Od. 10.144, Od. 6.170, Od. 7.326, Od. 8.468, Od. 12.399 = Od. 15.477, Od. 18.137, Od. 19.153 = Od. 24.143, Od. 20.19, 116, Od. 23.252.– ἐπʼ ἤματι Il. 10.48 (in a single day), Il. 19.229 (for the day (and no longer)): Od. 2.284 (in one day), Od. 12.105 (in the day, a day), Od. 14.105 (each day, day by day). Cf. Il. 13.234, Il. 19.110.

  • 4

    With an adj., expressing periphrastically the substantival notion implicit in the adj.

  • • a

      αἴσιμον ἠ. (the fatal day, the fate, one’s fate) Il. 8.72, Il. 21.100, Il. 22.212: Od. 16.280.

    • b

      ἠ. ἀναγκαῖον (the day that brings compulsion, slavery) Il. 16.836.

    • c

      δούλιον ἠ. (the day that brings slavery, slavery) Il. 6.463: Od. 14.340, Od. 17.323.

    • d

      ἐλεύθερον ἠ. (the day or time of freedom, freedom) Il. 6.455, Il. 16.831, Il. 20.193.

    • e

      κακὸν ἠ. (the day that brings bane, bane) Il. 9.251, 597, Il. 20.315 = Il. 21.374: Od. 10.269, 288, Od. 15.524.

    • f

      μόρσιμον ἠ. (the fatal day, one’s fate) Il. 15.613: Od. 10.175.–

    • g

      νηλεὲς ἠ. (the day of pitiless fate, fate, bane) Il. 11.484, 588, Il. 13.514, Il. 15.375, Il. 17.511, 615, Il. 21.57: Od. 8.525, Od. 9.17.

    • h

      νόστιμον ἠ. (the day that brings one’s home-coming, one’s home-coming) Od. 1.9, 168, 354, Od. 3.233 = Od. 5.220 = Od. 8.466, Od. 6.311, Od. 16.149, Od. 17.253, 571, Od. 19.369.

    • i

      ὀλέθριον ἠ. (the day that brings bane, bane) Il. 19.294, 409.

    • j

      ἠ. ὀρφανικόν (the day that brings orphanhood, orphanhood) Il. 22.490.

ἦμαρ , ατος: day; divided by Homer into ἠώς, μέσον ἦμαρ, and δείλη, Il. 21.111, Od. 7.288; ἦμαρ χειμέριον, ὀπωρῑνόν, also αἴσιμον, μόρσιμον ἦμαρ, νηλέες ἦμαρ, νόστιμον ἦμαρ, δούλιον and ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ, mostly poetic periphrases for the noun implied in the adj.; ἤματα πάντα, ἐπʼ ἤματι (see ἐπί), πᾶν, πρόπαν ἦμαρ, freq. formula ἤματι τῷ ὅτε.

ἦμαρ poet. for ἡμέρα

• • Iday, Hom.; νύκτας τε καὶ ἦμαρ by night and day, Il.; ἦμαρ by day, Hes.; μέσον ἦμ. mid- day, Il.; δείελον ἦμ. evening, Od.
  • • 2in Hom. with Adjs. to describe a state or condition, αἴσιμον, ὀλέθριον, μόρσιμον, νηλεὲς ἦμαρ the day of destiny, of death; ἐλεύθερον, δούλιον, ἀναγκαῖον ἦμαρ the day of freedom, of slavery; νόστιμον ἦμαρ, etc.
    • 3of the seasons, ἤματʼ ὀπωρινῇ, ἤματι χειμερίῳ Il.
  • IIwith Preps. ἐπʼ ἤματι day by day, daily, Od.; also, in a day, for a day, Hom.: —so, ἐπʼ ἦμαρ by day, Soph.; for a day, Eur.:— κατʼ ἦμαρ day by day, Lat. quotidie, Soph.; κατʼ ἦμαρ ἀεί Soph.; but κατʼ ἦμαρ, also, this day, to-day, Lat. hodie, Soph.:— παρʼ ἦμαρ every other day, Pind., Soph.