Caelius

Caelĭus (Coel-), i, m.

• A Roman gentile name.
• • A The orator M. Caelius Rufus, for whom Cicero made an oration, and whose letters to Cicero are contained in the 8th book of the Epp. ad Famil.; Cic. Brut. 79, 273; Caes. B. C. 3, 20 sqq.; Vell. 2, 68, 1; Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 4; Quint. 10, 1, 115; v. Teuffel, Röm. Litt. § 206, 5 sqq.
• —Hence, Caelĭānus, a, um, adj., Caelian: orationes, Tac. Or. 21.—
• • B L. Caelius Antipater, a distinguished historian and jurist in the time of the Gracchi, and teacher of Crassus, Cic. Brut. 26, 102; id. de Or. 2, 12, 53; id. Leg. 1, 2, 6.
• —Hence, Caelĭāna, ōrum, n., the writings of Caelius, Cic. Att. 13, 8; v. Teuffel. Röm. Litt. § 142.—
• • C C. Caelius Caldus, an orator, contemporary with Crassus, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117; id. Planc. 21, 52; id. Leg. 3, 16, 36.—
  • D Caelius Aurelianus, a physician of the post-classic period, v. Teuffel, Röm. Litt. § 456.—
• II Caelius Mons, the Caelian Hill at Rome, south of Palatinus, and east of Aventinus, named after the Tuscan Caeles Vibenna (pure Etrusc. Kaile Fipne), now the Lateran Mount, Varr. L.L. 5, § 46 Müll.; Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33; id. Off. 3, 16, 66; Tac. A. 4, 65.—Called Caelius Major, Mart. 12, 18, 16; cf. Caeliolus.—The soldiers of this Caeles are called Caelĭāni, Varr. L. L. 5, § 46 Müll.; cf.: CAELIANVS EXERCITVS, Inscr. Grut. 502, 1, 20.

Caelius (Coelius), a, um, I) Name eines röm. plebej. Geschlechts in den Familien der Caldi u. Rufi. Bes. bekannt sind: A) C. Caelius Caldus, ein Zeitgenosse des L. Krassus Orator, aus niederem Stande, der durch Tüchtigkeit u. seine Beredsamkeit zu den höchsten Ehrenstellen gelangte, als Volkstribun Verf. eines Gesetzes, nach dem in den Gerichten auch über Fälle des Hochverrats durch Täfelchen abgestimmt werden sollte, Cic. de or. 1, 117; Planc. 52; de legg. 3, 36. – B) L. Caelius Antipater, ein berühmter röm. Annalist u. Rechtskundiger, Zeitgenosse der Gracchen, Freund des L. Krassus Orator, behandelte in 7 Büchern Annales die Geschichte des zweiten punischen Kriegs (von Livius viel benutzt), Cic. de legg. 1, 6; de or. 2, 54; Brut. 102. – C) M. Caelius Rufus, unter Ciceros u. des M. Krassus Leitung in Wissenschaften u. Künsten, bes. in der Beredsamkeit gebildet, vertrauter Freund Ciceros u. von diesem in der noch erhaltenen Rede pro Caelio verteidigt, später Cäsarianer, s. bes. Cic. Brut. 273. Caes. b. c. 3, 20 sqq. Vell. 2, 68, 1 sq. Sen. de ira 3, 8, 4. Quint. 10, 1, 115; vgl. die Auslgg. zu Tac. dial. 17, 1. – II) Caelius Aurelianus, ein röm. Arzt (des 5. Jahrh. n. Chr.) aus Sikka in Numidien, von dem wir noch zwei Schriften besitzen: Acutarum Passionum libri III und Chronicarum Passionum libri V, sowie größere Bruchstücke anderer Werke (abgedruckt in Roses Aenecdota Graeca et Graecol. 2, 163 bis 202). Vgl. W. Teuffel Gesch. der röm. Liter.⁵, § 463, 1. – III) Caelius Mons, der südl. vom Palatinus u. östl. vom Aventinus gelegene cälische Hügel zu Rom, ben. nach dem Tusker Caeles Vibenna (der Sage nach Stammvater der gens Caelia), j. der lateranische Berg, Varr. LL. 5, 46 u.a.: maior Caelius et minor, der eigentliche Caelius u. der Caeliolus (w. s.), Mart. 12, 18, 6. – Dav. abgel.: Caeliānus, a, um, cälianisch, des Cälius, orationes (des Cälius no. I, C), Tac. dial. 21, 3. – subst., Caeliāna, ōrum, n., die Schriften des Cäl. Antip. (oben no. I, B), Cic. ad Att. 13, 8. Caeliānī, ōrum, m., die Soldaten des Cäles Vib. (oben no. III), Varr. LL. 5, 46 (in der orat. imp. Claud. 1, 20 im Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 1668 [= Corn. Tac. erkl. von Nipperdey Bd. 2. S. 314³] Caelianus exercitus gen.).

Cælĭus, (9) ĭī, m. , ¶ 1 (mons exprimé ou s.-ent.) : le Cælius [une des sept collines de Rome] : Cic. Rep. 2, 33 ; v. Cæliculus ¶ 2 L. Caelius Antipater, historien et juriste du temps des Gracques : Cic. Br. 102 ¶ 3 M. Cælius Rufus, défendu par Cicéron : Cic. Br. 273.

Cae'lius

or Coe'lius.

1. M. Caelius, tribune of the plebs in the time of M. Cato, the censor, whom Cato attacked in a speech, in which among other hard things he said, that Caelius would speak or hold his tongue for a piece of bread. (Gel. 1.15.)

Cae'lius

2. L. Caelius, commanded as legate in Illyricum in the war against Perseus, B. C. 169, and was defeated in an attempt which he made to obtain possession of Uscana in the country of the Penestae, a town which was garrisoned by the Macedonians. (Liv. 43.21.)

Cae'lius

3. P. Caelius, was placed in the command of Placentia by the consul Cn. Octavius, B. C. 87, and when the town was taken by Cinna's army, he caused himself to be put to death by L. Petronius, that he might not fall into the hands of the Marian party. (V. Max. 4.7.5.)

Cae'lius

4. P. Caelius, perhaps a son of the preceding, praetor with Verres, B. C. 74. (Cic. c. Verr. 1.50.)

Cae'lius

5. M. Caelius, a Roman knight, from whom Verres took away, at Lilybaeum, several silver vases. (Cic. Ver. 4.47.) As Cicero says that this Caelius was still young at this time, B. C. 71, he may be the same M. Caelius who is mentioned in the oration for Flaccus, B. C. 59. (Cic. pro Flacc. 4.)

Cae'lius

6. C. Caelius, tribune of the plebs, B. C. 51, put his veto with several of his colleagues upon the decrees of the senate directed against Caesar (Cael. apud Cic. ad Fam. 8.8.)

Cae'lius

7. Q. Caelius, a friend and follower of M. Antonius, attacked by Cicero. (Phil. 13.2, 12.)

Cae'lius

8. Caelius, an usurer, with whom Cicero had some dealings. (Cic. Att. 12.5, 6, 7.3, 13.3.)

Caelius Antipater

[Antipater.]

Caelius Apicius

[Apicius.]

Caelius Aurelianus

[Aurelianus.]

Caelius Balbinus

[Balbinus.]

Caelius Cursor

[Cursor.]

Caelius Pollio

[Pollio.]

Caelius Roscius

[Roscius.]

Caelius Sabinus

[Sabinus.]

Caelius Firmianus Symposius

[Symposius.]

Caelius Vinicianus

[Vinicianus.]

Caelius

(1) A young Roman of considerable talents and accomplishments, intrusted to the care of Cicero on his first introduction to the Forum. Having imprudently engaged in an intrigue with Clodia, the well-known sister of Clodius, and having afterwards deserted her, she accused him of an attempt to poison her, and of having borrowed money from her in order to procure the assassination of Dio, the Alexandrian ambassador. He was defended by Cicero in an oration which is still extant (Pro Caelio).

(2) Aureliānus, a medical writer. (See Aurelianus.)

(3) Sabīnus, a writer in the age of Vespasian, who composed a treatise on the edicts of the curule aediles.

(4) One of the seven hills on which Rome was built, but now deserted. Romulus surrounded it with a ditch and rampart, and it was enclosed by walls under the succeeding kings. It is supposed to have received its name from Caeles Vibenna. See Roma.