caedo
caedo, to cut, hew, cut down, fell, cut off, cut to pieces
Caesar began to cut down the woods
that is the day on which Tiberius Gracchus was murdered
caedō, cecīdī, caesus, 3, a.: to cut, freq.; cut down, slay, 2.266; sacrifice, 5.96; strike, 10.404. (rel. to scindō)
caedo, cĕcīdi (in MSS. freq. caecīdi, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 460), caesum, 3, v. a. [root cīd- for scid-; cf. scindo; Gr. σχίζω].
- Lit.
- A In gen.
- 1 To cut, hew, lop, cut down, fell, cut off, cut to pieces: caesa abiegna trabes, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 75 (Trag. v. 281 Vahl.): frondem querneam caedito, Cato R. R. 5, 8: arbores, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33; Ov. M. 9, 230: robur, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86; Ov. M. 8, 769: lignum, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 63 (397): silvam, Varr ap. Non. p. 272, 5; Lucr. 5, 1265; Caes. B. G. 3, 29; Ov. M. 8, 329; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.; Pall. Mai, 4, 1: nemus, Ov. M. 2, 418; cf. id. ib. 1, 94; 9, 230; 9, 374; 14, 535: harundinem, Dig. 7, 1, 59, § 2: arboris auctum, Lucr. 6, 167: comam vitis, Tib. 1, 7, 34: faenum, Col. 2, 18, 1: murus latius quam caederetur ruebat, Liv. 21, 11, 9: caesis montis fodisse medullis, Cat. 68, 111; so, caedi montis in marmora, Plin. 12, prooem. § 2: lapis caedendus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147: silicem, id. Div. 2, 41, 85: marmor, Dig. 24, 3, 7, § 13: toga rotunda et apte caesa, cut out, Quint. 11, 3, 139: caedunt securibus umida vina, with axes they cut out the wine (formerly liquid, now frozen), Verg. G. 3, 364: volutas, to carve or hollow out volutes, Vitr. 3, 3: tineae omnia caedunt, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 14.—
- b Prov.: ut vineta egomet caedam mea, i. e. carry my own hide to market, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 220 (proverbium in eos dicitur, qui sibi volentes nocent, Schol. Crucq.; cf. Tib. 1, 2, 98; Verg. A. 5, 672).—
- c Ruta caesa; v ruo, P. a.—
- 2 In gen., to strike upon something, to knock at, to beat, strike, cudgel, etc.: ut lapidem ferro quom caedimus evolat ignis, strike upon with iron, Lucr. 6, 314: caedere januam saxis, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: silicem rostro, Liv. 41, 13, 1: vasa dolabris, Curt. 5, 6, 5: femur, pectus, frontem, Quint. 2, 12, 10; cf. id. 11, 3, 123 al.: verberibus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 45 (1166); so Ter. And. 199: pugnis, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 43 (200): aliquem ex occulto, Ter. Eun. 787: at validis socios caedebant dentibus apri, they fell with their strong tusks upon their own party, Lucr. 5, 1325; cf. Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 71 (685): virgis ad necem caedi, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 69; Hor. S. 1, 2, 42: populum saxis, id. ib. 2, 3, 128: ferulā aliquem, id. ib. 1, 3, 120: flagris, Quint. 6, 3, 25: aliquem loris, Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Suet. Ner. 26; 49; id. Dom. 8: caeduntur (agrestes) inter potentium inimicitias, Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 27 Dietsch: nudatos virgis, Liv. 2, 5, 8: hastilibus caedentes terga trepidantium, id. 35, 5, 10: servum sub furcā caesum medio egerat circo, i.e. ita ut simul caederet, id. 2, 36, 1.—
- b Prov.: stimulos pugnis caedere, to kick against the pricks, to aggravate a danger by foolish resistance, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55 (765).—
- c Trop.: in judicio testibus caeditur, is pressed, hard pushed, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 3.—
- B Pregn.
- 1 (Cf. cado, I. B. 2.) To strike mortally, to kill, murder: ille dies, quo Ti. Gracchus est caesus, Cic. Mil. 5, 14: P. Africanus de Tiberio Graccho responderat jure caesum videri, id. de Or. 2, 25, 106; id. Off. 2, 12, 43: caeso Argo, Ov. M. 2, 533; 5, 148; 12, 113; 12, 590; 12, 603; Suet. Caes. 76 al. —Poet., transf. to the blood shed in slaying: caeso sparsuros sanguine flammam, Verg. A. 11, 82.—Esp. freq.,
- b In milit. lang., to slay a single enemy; or, when a hostile army as a whole is spoken of, to conquer with great slaughter, to cut to pieces, vanquish, destroy (cf. Oud., Wolf, and Baumg.Crus. upon Suet. Vesp. 4): exercitus caesus fususque, Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 1: Romani insecuti (hostem), caedentes spoliantesque caesos, castra regia diripiunt, Liv. 32, 12, 10; 2, 47, 9: infra arcem caesi captique multi mortales, id. 4, 61, 6; 22, 7, 2 and 9; Quint. 12, 10, 24; Suet. Aug. 21; 23; id. Vesp. 4: Indos, Curt. 9, 5, 19: passim obvios, id. 5, 6, 6: praesidium, id. 4, 5, 17: propugnatores reipublicae, Quint. 12, 10, 24: caesus (hostis) per calles saltusque vagando circumagatur, Liv. 44, 36, 10 Kreyss.: consulem exercitumque caesum, id. 22, 56, 2: legio-nes nostras cecidere, id. 7, 30, 14; so Nep. Dat. 6, 4; Tac. Agr. 18; Suet. Claud. 1.— And poet., the leader is put for the army: Pyrrhum et ingentem cecidit Antiochum Hannibalemque dirum, Hor. C. 3, 6, 36.—In poet. hypallage: caesi corporum acervi (for caesorum), Cat. 64, 359.—
- c To slaughter animals, esp. for offerings, to kill, slay, sacrifice: caedit greges armentorum, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: boves, Ov. M. 15, 141: deorum mentes caesis hostiis placare, Cic. Clu. 68, 194: caesis victimis, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 8, 6, 11; 10, 7, 10; 45, 7, 1; Tac. A. 2, 75; Suet. Caes. 81; id. Calig. 14; id. Ner. 25; id. Oth. 8; id. Galb. 18; id. Claud. 25; Just. 11, 5, 6 al.; Verg. A. 5, 96; Hor. Epod. 2, 59; Ov.M.13, 637; Juv. 6, 48; 6, 447; 8, 156; 12, 3 al.: inter caesa et porrecta; v. porricio.—
- d Hence, since security for a person was anciently given by the deposit of sheep belonging to him, which were slaughtered in case of forfeiture, leg. t. t.: pignus caedere (or concidere), to declare the for feiture of a security, to confiscate a pledge: non tibi illa sunt caedenda, si L. Crassum vis coërcere, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4.—
- 2 In mal. part. ( = concido; cf.: jam hoc, caede, concide: nonne vobis verba depromere videtur ad omne genus nequitiae accommodata? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155); Cat. 56, 7; Auct. Priap. 25, 10; Tert. Pall. 4.—
- II Trop.: caedere sermones, a Grecism, acc. to Prisc. 18, p. 1118 P., = κόπτειν τὰ ῥήματα, to chop words, chat, talk, converse, Ter. Heaut. 242; cf. Non. p. 272, 13, and Prisc. p. 1188 P.: oratio caesa, i. e. asyndeton, Auct. Her. 4, 19, 26; Aquil. Rom. §§ 18 and 19; Mart. Cap. 5; § 528.
- —Hence, caesum, i, n.; subst. in gram. synon. with comma, a stop, pause, comma, Mart. Cap. 5, § 527; Aquil. Rom. § 19; Fortun. Art. Rhet. 3, 10.
caedo, cecīdī, caesum, ere (vgl. altind. khidáti, stößt, drückt, reißt), auf etw. auftreffen, I) etw. od. auf (an) etw. hauen, schlagen, klopfen, jmd. od. auf jmd. hauen, schlagen, jmd. stoßen, prügeln, aushauen, a) übh.: lapidem ferro, Lucr.: silicem rostro, Liv.: ianuam saxis, Cic.: pectus, frontem, Quint.: sacrum lapidem rostro, hacken, Liv. – alqm, zB. uxorem, Augustin.: alqm calcibus, pugnis, Plaut.: alqm lapidibus, Cic. fr.: hastili tergum alcis, Liv.: discentes, Quint.: alqm verberibus, Komik.: alqm ferulā, Hor.: alqm virgis od. loris, Cic.: alqm flagris, Quint.: alqm flagellis, Sen.: alqm virgis ad necem, Cic.: alqm flagellis ad mortem, Hor.: alqm valide, Sen. rhet.: loris bene caesus, Gell. – Sprichw., stimulos pugnis caedere (= durch törichten Widerstand das Übel verschlimmern), Plaut. truc. 768. – übtr., testibus caedi, durch Z. gedrängt werden, Cic. ad Q. fr. 3, 3, 3. – b) obszön, v. Beischlaf, beschlafen, schänden, Catull. u.a. – II) prägn.: A) fällen = niederhauen, 1) Lebl., hauen = um-, abhauen, trabem abiegneam, Enn. fr.: lignum, Plaut.: ligna, Vulg.: ligna (in silvis), Salvian.: caedentes ligna, Holzhauer, Vulg.: silvam, Caes.: et maiores et magis ramosas arbores, Liv.: montanorum Ligurum vineas, Liv.: fenum, Col.: ruta (et) caesa, s. ruo. – Sprichw., s. vīnētum. – 2) lebende Wesen: a) Menschen, einen einzelnen erschla gen = töten, morden, od. eine Masse niederhauen, niedermachen, zusammenhauen, in die Pfanne hauen, gänzlich schlagen, Ti. Gracchum, Cic.: cives, Auct. b. Afr.: milites dispersos, Auct. b. Alex.: consulem exercitumque, Liv.: Antiochum, den A. (u. sein Heer), Hor.: ante oculos suorum caesi, Iustin.: caesa corpora, Auct. b. Afr.: reliqui caesorum, die Reste der Zusammengehauenen, Tac.: poet., caesi acervi, Haufen Erschlagener, Catull.: caesus sanguis, das Blut der Erschlagenen, Verg. – b) Tiere, α) erlegen, dentes aprorum, quos cecidit, Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 2660. – β) schlachten, greges armentorum reliquique pecoris, Cic.: boves, Ov.: bes. Opfertiere schlachten, opfern, sues, Varr.: hostias, victimas, Cic.: inter caesa et porrecta, s. porricio. – B) zerschlagen, zerhauen, zerhacken, vasa dolabris, Curt.: thynnos membratim, Plin.: cucurbitam minutim, Gell. – C) an-, auf- oder ausschneiden od. -hauen, ventrem, den Kaiserschnitt machen, Spart.: securibus umida vina, zerhauen, Verg.: latius (murus) quam caederetur (angebrochen wurde) ruebat, Liv.: montes in marmora, aushöhlen, Plin.: übtr., oratio caesa, die ungebundene Rede (v. Asyndeton), Cornif. rhet. 4, 26. Aquil. Rom. 18 u. 19. Mart. Cap. 5. § 528. – D) prägn.: a) hauend, schneidend zurechtmachen: palos, zurechthauen, Col. 11, 2, 12: volutas, ausmeißeln, Vitr. 3, 3 (4), 7 Schn. (Rose succidantur): toga rotunda et apte caesa (zugeschnitten), Quint. 11, 3, 139: übtr., caedere sermones = κόπτειν τὰ ῥήματα, schwatzen, plaudern, Ter. heaut. 242 (vgl. Prisc. 18, 232). – b) heraushauen, -brechen, lapides ex lapidicinis, Ulp. dig. 8, 4, 13. § 1: lapidem, lapides, Cic. II. Verr. 1, 147. Ulp. dig. 8, 4, 13. § 1: marmor, ibid. 24, 3, 7. § 13. – ➳ vulg. Perf. caederunt, Itala Matth. 21, 35 u. 26, 67. Augustin. spec. 112. p. 99 M.
cædō, (7) cĕcīdī, cæsum, cædĕre, tr., frapper, battre, abattre, ¶ 1 loris aliquem cædere Pl. Merc. 1002, frapper qqn du fouet, donner les étrivières ; virgis ad necem Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, battre de verges jusquʼà ce que mort sʼensuive ; lapidibus duo consules ceciderunt Cic. Fr. A 14, 7, ils attaquèrent les deux consuls à coups de pierres ; eum cædere destiterunt Cic. Sest. 79, ils cessèrent de le frapper ; Etruscis terga cædit Liv. 2, 11, 9, il frappe (attaque) de dos les Étrusques || cædit calcibus arva Virg. En. 10, 404, il frappe le sol de ses talons ¶ 2 abattre : arbores Cic. Div. 2, 33 ; silvas Cæs. G. 3, 29, 1, abattre des arbres, des forêts ; ripis fluvialis harundo cæditur Virg. G. 2, 415, on coupe sur les rives le roseau de rivière || materiam Cæs. G. 3, 29, 1 ; C. 1, 36, 5 ; Liv. 21, 27, 5, couper le bois de construction || [prov.] vineta sua cædere Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 220, couper ses propres vignes, jeter des pierres dans son propre jardin, se faire du tort à soi-même ¶ 3 briser, fendre : silicem Cic. Div. 2, 85, fendre une pierre ; montes Sen. Nat. 5, 15, 2, fendre les montagnes ; murum Liv. 21, 11, 9, saper un mur || [en part.] tailler : lapis aliqui cædendus et apportandus fuit Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 147, il y avait quelques pierres à tailler et à porter en place ; cum cædendum esset saxum Liv. 21, 37, 2, comme il fallait tailler le rocher ; ut nec virgulta vallo cædendo nec terra cæspiti faciendo apta inveniri posset Liv. 25, 36, 5, en sorte quʼon ne pouvait trouver ni broussailles propres à façonner (tailler) des pieux ni de terre propre à faire des mottes de gazon ¶ 4 abattre, tuer, massacrer : tot legionibus cæsis Cic. Phil. 14, 12, tant de légions étant massacrées ; ille dies, quo Tib. Gracchus est cæsus Cic. Mil. 14, ce jour où Tib. Gracchus fut assassiné || [avec idée de vaincre] : legiones nostras cecidere Liv. 7, 30, 14, ils ont taillé en pièces nos légions || [poét.] : cæsi corporum acervi Catul. 64, 359, monceaux de cadavres ; cæso sparsuri sanguine flammas Virg. En. 11, 82, victimes destinées à arroser de leur sang répandu les flammes du bûcher ¶ 5 égorger [des animaux] : cædit greges armentorum Cic. Phil. 3, 31, il égorge les troupeaux de bétail ; (cervos) rudentes cædunt Virg. G. 3, 275, ils égorgent (les cerfs) malgré leurs bramements || immoler, sacrifier : Cic. Leg. 2, 57 ; Virg. En. 5, 96, etc.; cæsis hostiis placare (mentes deorum) Cic. Clu. 194, apaiser les dieux par lʼimmolation des victimes ¶ 6 [poés. érotique] : Catul. 56, 7 ; Priap. 26, 10.
- 1. vellen, omhakken, afhakken, afslaan [arbores; cervicem];
- 2. neerslaan, vermoorden, doodslaan; ➤ consulem exercitumque ~; in acie caesus; caesus sanguis vergoten bloed;
- 3. doden; slachten, offeren [cervos; boves]; ➤ inter caesa et porrecta op een ongeschikt moment;
- 4. slaan, afranselen, geselen [alqm virgis, loris]; ➤ (metaf.) frontem ~ kleur op het gezicht brengen; (obsceen) rammen;
- 5. (stenen) breken, hakken [lapides; silicem; marmor; viam uithakken];
- 6. (postklass.) kort en klein slaan, verpletteren [murum een bres slaan in].
caedo , caedis, cecidi, caesum, caedere. 3.
打傷。 — pugnis 打拳。— virgis 打棍。— sermones 彼此談論 — januam saxis 以石打門。— pignora 賣去所當之物 — Caedi testibus 以証見被駁。
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打傷。 — pugnis 打拳。— virgis 打棍。— sermones 彼此談論 — januam saxis 以石打門。— pignora 賣去所當之物 — Caedi testibus 以証見被駁。
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caedō cecīdī, caesus, ere
- 2 SAC-, SEC-, to cut, hew, cut down, fell, cut off, cut to pieces: arbores: robur, O.: silvas, Cs.: murus latius quam caederetur ruebat, L.: lapis caedendus: securibus vina (frozen), V.: comam (vitis), Tb.: caesis montis fodisse medullis, Ct. — Prov.: ut vineta egomet caedam mea, i. e. attack my own interests, H.— To strike upon, knock at, beat, strike, cudgel: ianuam saxis: verberibus te, T.: virgis ad necem caedi: flagellis Ad mortem caesus, H.: nudatos virgis, L.: servum sub furcā, L.: caesae pectora palmis, i. e. beating, O.: in iudicio testibus caeditur, i. e. is pressed.—Of men, to strike mortally, kill, murder: illi dies, quo Ti. Gracchus est caesus: caeso Argo, O.—Poet., of blood: caeso sparsuros sanguine flammam, shed, V.— Of battle, to slay, slaughter, cut to pieces, vanquish, destroy: exercitus caesus fususque: infra arcem caesi captique multi, L.: passim obvii caedebantur, Cu.: ingentem cecidit Antiochum, H.: placare ventos virgine caesā, V.—Of animals, to slaughter(esp. for sacrifice): greges armentorum: boves, O.: deorum mentis caesis hostiis placare: victimas, L.: binas bidentis, V.: Tempestatibus agnam, V.— Fig.: pignus caedere (in law), to declare the forfeiture of a security, confiscate a pledge: non tibi illa sunt caedenda: dum sermones caedimus, chop words, chat, T.: Caedimur, cudgel one another(with compliments), H.
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…minantia fixo aere legebantur, nec supplex turba timebat iudicis ora sui, sed erant sine vindice tuti. Nondum caesa suis, peregrinum ut viseret orbem, montibus in liquidas pinus descenderat undas, nullaque mortales praeter sua litora norant…
Ovid, Metamorphoses
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…eum consulatum, qui hominem carissimum populo Romano, M. Marium, inspectante populo Romano vitibus per totam umbem ceciderit, ad bustum egerit, ibi omni cmuciatu lacerarit, vivo stanti collum gladio sua dextera secuemit, cum sinistra…
Q. Tullius Cicero, Essay on Running for Consul
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…. An iuri civili Est paternum. Sed dicet te, cum aedis venderes, ne in rutis quidem et caesis solium tibi paternum recepisse. An rei militari Qui numquam castra videris An eloquentiae Quae neque est in te ,…
Cicero, de Oratore
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…dicere quae Carneades, sed ea quae princeps Stoicorum Panaetius dixerit ego autem etiam hoc requiro omnesne qui Cannensi pugna ceciderint uno astro fuerint exitus quidem omnium unus et idem fuit. quid qui ingenio atque animo singulares, num astro…
M. Tullius Cicero, De Divinatione
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…eidem Carboni tribuno plebis alia tum mente rem publicam capessenti P. Africanus de Ti. Graccho interroganti responderat iure caesum videri ; iure autem omnia defenduntur, quae sunt eius generis, ut aut oportuerit aut licuerit aut necesse fuerit…
Cicero, de Oratore
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…contionum fuisse nostras contiones illarum nationum homines plerumque perturbant ; quid, cum soli sint ipsi, tandem fieri putatis caesus est virgis Cymaeus ille Athenagoras qui in fame frumentum exportare erat ausus. data Laelio contio est. processit ille…
Cicero, pro Flacco
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…myrmillone dux, ex gladiatore imperator quas effecit strages, ubicumque posuit vestigium ; fundit apothecas, ; caedit greges armentorum reliquique pecoris quodcumque nactus est ; epulantur milites ; ipse autem se, ut fratrem imitetur, obruit…
Cicero, Philippicae
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…tradam hominum memoriae sempiternae. ego lanista et quidem non insipiens deteriores enim iugulari cupio, meliores vincere. Vtri ceciderint, scribit lucro nobis futurum. O praeclarum lucrum, cum te victore quod di omen avertant beata mors eorum…
Cicero, Philippicae
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…scelere testatur neque intellegit pietate et religione et iustis precibus deorum mentis, non contaminata superstitione neque ad scelus perficiendum caesis hostiis posse placari. cuius ego furorem atque crudelitatem deos immortalis a suis aris atque templis aspernatos esse confido .…
Cicero, pro Cluentio
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…nec suscipi sine ratione nec effici potest. Utinam igitur, ut illa anus optat ne in nemore Pelio securibus caesae accidissent abiegnae ad terram trabes sic istam calliditatem hominibus di ne dedissent, qua perpauci bene utuntur, qui tamen…
M. Tullius Cicero, de Natura Deorum