Logeion | difficilis

dif-fĭcĭlis, e (old form difficul, like facul, famul, simul, etc., Varr. ap. Non. 111, 25), adj. [facilis; hence, far from easy to do, to accomplish, to bear, etc.; v. facilis], hard, difficult, troublesome (very freq. and class.).

I In gen.: nulla est tam facilis res, quin difficilis siet, quom invitus facias, Ter. Heaut. 805; cf. Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 20 (646); and: sacrorum diligentiam difficilem, apparatum perfacilem esse voluit, Cic. Rep. 2, 14 Mos.: quae facilia ex difficillimis animi magnitudo redegerat, Caes. B. G. 2, 27, fin.: quam graves, quam difficiles plerisque videntur calamitatum societates! Cic. Lael. 17 fin.: res arduae ac difficiles, id. Inv. 2, 54, 163; cf. id. Or. 10; id. Tusc. 3, 34 fin.; Plin. 17, 4, 3, § 28: contortae res et difficiles, Cic. de Or. 1, 58 fin.: quam scopuloso difficilique in loco verser, id. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35; cf.: in locos difficiles abire, Sall. J. 87 fin. Kritz.: iter angustum et difficile, Caes. B. G. 1, 6; id. B. C. 1, 65, 3: valles, id. ib. 1, 68, 2: difficili et arduo ascensu, id. ib. 3, 34; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23: difficilis atque impedita palus, Caes. B. G. 7, 19: transitus, id. ib. 6, 7, 5: aditus, id. ib. 7, 36; Hor. S. 1, 9, 56: tempus anni difficillimum, Caes. B. C. 1, 48, 5: difficili rei publicae tempore, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 21: difficillimo reip. tempore, id. Phil. 5, 13, 36; cf. id. Caecin. 4, 11: difficilioribus usi tempestatibus, Caes. B. C. 3, 15, 4: partus, Plin. 24, 5, 13, § 22: urina, id. 23, 9, 83, § 165: venter, id. 22, 13, 15, § 33 et saep.: (Macer et Lucretius) alter humilis, alter difficilis, Quint. 10, 1, 87 Frotsch.: nimium difficile est reperiri amicum, Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 20 (621); so with a subject-clause, Ter. And. 211; Lucr. 1, 138; Cic. Lael. 6, 22; 8, 26; 10, 33 et saep.; Caes. B. G. 1, 14, 2; 7, 58, 2; id. B. C. 1, 50 fin. et saep.; cf.: difficile ad fidem est in tam antiqua re, quot pugnaverint ceciderintve exacto affirmare numero, Liv. 3, 5, 12: difficile est longum subito deponere amorem, Cat. 77, 13.—Prov.: difficile est, crimen non prodere vultu, Ov. M. 2, 447: difficile est, tristi fingere mente jocum, Tib. 3, 7, 2: (rebus) difficilibus ad eloquendum, Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126: ad percipiendum, Quint. 8, prooem. § 4.—With supin.: difficile factu est, Cic. Rep. 1, 43; so, factu, id. Off. 1, 21, 71; id. N. D. 3, 1; id. Univ. 11: dictu, id. Lael. 3, 12; 7, 23; id. Fam. 1, 7, 2: aditu (locus), Sall. J. 91 fin. Kritz.—With dat.: fructus difficilis concoctioni, Plin. 23, 8, 79, § 151.—With gerund.: in difficili esse, Liv. 3, 65, 11; cf.: in facili esse, id. 3, 8, 9; so, in difficili rem esse, Cels. 5, 26 fin.: ille casus in difficili est, si, etc., Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 15.
II In partic., of character, hard to manage or to please, obstinate, captious, morose, surly: difficiles ac morosi, Cic. Or. 29 fin.; cf. id. Fin. 1, 18, 61; Att. ap. Non. 407, 25; Hor. S. 2, 5, 90; id. A. P. 173: senex, Ter. Heaut. 535; cf.: moderati nec difficiles nec inhumani senes, Cic. de Sen. 3, 7: sunt morosi et anxii et iracundi et difficiles senes, id. ib. 18, 65: avunculus difficillimā naturā, Nep. Att. 5; cf.: difficili bile tumet jecur, Hor. C. 1, 13, 4: parens in liberos difficilis, Att. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72: Penelopen difficilem procis, Hor. C. 3, 10, 11: vocanti, id. ib. 3, 7, 32: Gradivo, Ov. A. A. 2, 566: precibus, id. P. 2, 2, 20.— Trop.: terrae, intractable, Verg. G. 2, 179. —Prov.: difficilem oportet aurem habere ad crimina, deaf, inaccessible, Pub. Syr. 133 (Rib.).—Adv., in three forms (but the use of the adv. is mostly avoided by the best authors, difficile est taking its place, v. supra).
- - - - α diffĭcĭlē, with difficulty (perh. not ante-Aug.), Vell. 2, 63, 3; Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 62; 27, 12, 94, § 120; Suet. Gramm. 11; Just. 27, 3, 2; Pall. Jan. 7; Tert. Apol. 48.—
      - β diffĭculter, with difficulty (the usual form), Caes. B. C. 1, 62; Sall. C. 14, 5; Liv. 1, 52, 4; 42, 54, 3; Tac. A. 12, 35; Suet. Claud. 41; Quint. 1, 3, 3 al.—
      - γ diffĭcĭl-ĭter, with difficulty (rare), Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 16, 49 and 50; Col. 5, 3, 1; 5, 7, 1; Lact. Mort. Pers. 9, 7.—
    - b Comp.: difficilius, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; Quint. 1, 12, 8; 11, 2, 28; Plin. 22, 21, 28, § 56; Suet. Caes. 29; id. Ner. 43 al.—
    - c Sup.: difficillime, Cic. Lael. 17, 64; Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139; 19, 7, 35, § 117 al.

difficilis, e, Adi. m. Compar. u. Superl. (dis u. facilis), schwer, mit Schwierigkeiten verbunden, schwierig, beschwerlich (Ggstz. facilis), I) eig.: res, Ter.: haud diff. ex propinquo in tanta corpora ictus, Liv.: quae facilia ex difficillimis animi magnitudo redegerat, Caes.: diff. urina, Harnbeschwerde, Plin.: venter, Hartleibigkeit, Plin. – v. Örtl., schwer zu passieren, schwierig, beschwerlich, gefährlich, via, Plaut.: iter, Sall.: aditus, ascensus, Caes.: palus, Caes.: locus, Sall.: transitus, Caes. – v. wissenschaftl. Untersuchungen usw., schwierig, verwickelt, res obscurae et difficiles, Cic.: contortae res et saepe difficiles, Cic.: difficiles explicatus habere, Cic.: o quam difficilis est ignorantibus veritas, et facilis scientibus, Lact. 2, 5, 16. – v. Lagen in der Zeit = mißlich, gefährlich, tempus anni difficillimum, Cic.: difficili rei publicae tempore, Cic.: difficillimis temporibus, Cic. – m. 2. Supin., difficile dictu, Cic., intellectu, Nep.: perceptu difficilia, Gell.: difficillima tractatu, Cornif. rhet. – m. ad u. Akk., difficile ad fidem, Liv.: difficilius ad eloquendum, Cic. – difficile est m. Infin., quoi verba dare difficile est, Ter.: est difficile confundere, Cic.: non fuisse difficile cavere, Caes.: in omni re difficillimum est formam exponere optimi, Cic.: loqui facile est, praestare difficile, Lact. 4, 23, 8. – difficile est m. folg. ut u. Konj., difficile est, ut mihi de absente credas, Plin. ep. 4, 15, 7 (u. so ibid. 7, 17, 6): difficile est, ut praeter vespertinam γνώμην quicquam agi possit, Fronto ep. ad Caes. 5, 59 (74). p. 93, 2 N. – subst., difficilius, difficiliora, das Schwierigere (Ggstz. facilius, faciliora), Quint. 5, 10, 90 sqq.: dah. in difficili est, es ist schwer, Liv. 3, 65, 11: u. non ex difficili causa petenda subest, nicht schwer zu suchende, Ov. fast. 5, 350. – II) übtr., von Charakter u. Benehmen schwierig, schwer zu behandeln od. zu befriedigen, von dem, mit dem schwer auszukommen ist, krittelig, unleidlich, leicht empfindlich, grämlich, griesgrämig, ärgerlich, v. Frauen sröde (griech. χαλεπός, δυςξύμβολος); hingegen morosus von dem, der seinen eigenen Kopf aufsetzt, eigenwillig, eigensinnig, nörgelig, launisch, dah. verb. difficilis et morosus, Cic. u.a. (s. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 2, 5, 90): puella nimis facilis difficilisque nimis, Mart.: diff. senex, Ter.: equus, Sil.: diff in alqm, zB. parens in liberos diff., Cic.: diff. alci, Liv., Hor. u. Ov., od. precibus alcis, Ov.: (homo) difficillimā naturā (Naturell), Nep.: diff. bilis, Hor. – m. 2. Supin., manus (Schar) moderatu difficilis, Liv. 4, 27, 9: difficilis aditu, Sidon. epist. 8, 11, 4. – Dav. Adv., a) Posit.: α) seltene u. viell. erst nachaug. Form difficile, Vell., Cels. u.a. – β) seltene Form difficiliter, Cic. Acad. 2, 50. Vitr. 1, 5, 2. Cels. 5, 18, 17. Col. 5, 3, 1 u. ö. Gaius 3, 219. Lact. de mort. pers. 9, 7. – γ) gew. Form difficulter, Varro, Caes. u.a. Vgl. übh. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ 2, 586 f. u. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 215. – b) Compar., difficilius, Caes. u.a. – u. Superl. difficillimē, Cic. u.a.

difficilis [CL] 1 difficult. b (as sb. n. w. ex or de) w. difficulty. 671 ~lima rerum argumenta ‥ repperi Aldh. Ep. 1; liquet quod artissima sit violentia et ~lima rerum condicio ut homo ‥, spretis naturae legibus, ‥ angelicae castitatis comes existere cogatur Id. VirgP 18; 705 in adversis et in ~ibus rerum eventibus Wealdhere Ep. 22; 8‥ dificilia, earfoðu WW; ~iore, i. graviore, earfeðran GlH D 468; primum ‥ unde hujusmodi comperire ~e, deinde qualiter facile, ostendemus Balsh. AD 49 (cf. ib. 55: sine ~i labore); ut dictu ~limum sit quantis laboribus ‥ maximam diei partem protraxerint Osb. Bawdsey clxxvi; ~limum est ea ex creaturis concludere Duns Ord. III 41; 1342 unum portiforium ‥ cujus litera est nimis tenuis et ~is ad legendum Vis. Totnes 120; 1405 (v. 1 artare 2b). b ex ~i curatur Gad. 81.1 (v. dislocare 1a); de ~iori Wycl. Act. 71 (v. difficultare a); 1382 funis triplex de ~i rumpitur Conc. III 172; Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 25 (v. 1 discere 2c); s1455 [dux] magis incaluit in animo magisque de ~i remittere sibi volebat Reg. Whet. I 160; vitare debetis ‥ commestionem ‥ omnium dedifficili digestibilium Kymer 3. 2 (of persons) obstructive, reluctant. discolis i. ~is, discordator, discors contrarius, wiþercora ungeþwæra GlH D 587; 1312 in solucionibus vjc ‥ librarum ‥ reddidistis vos ~es RGasc IV 744; mirum est quod te reddis in hoc ~em Trevet Troades 21; 1411 quia religiosi reddunt se deficiles in solucionibus suis ‥, deponatur summa solida in cista (Test.) Reg. Durh. I 158; s1435 satis ~em reddebat se cancellarius ‥ ad scribendum pro capcione corporis Amund. II 81.

diffĭcĭlis, (7) e (dis, facilis), ¶ 1 difficile, malaisé, pénible : res difficiles ad eloquendum Cic. Off. 1, 126, choses difficiles à exprimer ; quorum judicium difficile factu est non probare Cic. Off. 1, 71, il est difficile de ne pas approuver leur jugement ; quod difficilius dictu est Cic. Læl. 23, ce qui est plus difficile à dire, cf. CM 12 ; scopuloso difficilique in loco versari Cic. Cæcil. 36, être dans une passe dangereuse et difficile ; fructus difficilis concoctioni Plin. 23, 79, fruit difficile à digérer ; difficillimo rei publicæ tempore Cic. Phil. 5, 36, dans les circonstances politiques les plus critiques || n. pris subst^t : in difficili esse Liv. 3, 65, 11, être difficile, cf. Cels. Med. 5, 26 ; Dig. 28, 2, 29, 15 ¶ 2 difficile, chagrin, morose, peu traitable : usque eo difficiles sumus, ut Cic. Or. 104, je suis dʼhumeur si difficile que, cf. Fin. 1, 61 ; CM 7 ; 65 ; Hor. P. 173 ; parens difficilis in liberos Acc. d. Cic. Nat. 3, 72, père dur pour ses enfants ; Penelope difficilis procis Hor. O. 3, 10, 11, Pénélope inflexible pour ses prétendants ; difficilis precibus Ov. P. 2, 2, 20, peu accessible aux prières.

dif-ficilis, e (dis-¹ en facilis) (superl. difficillimus; adv. difficulter, minder vaak difficiliter en difficile)

1. (in onpers. uitdr.) moeilijk, lastig, moeizaam [ad eloquendum]; ➤ difficile dictu, factu moeilijk te zeggen, te doen; in omni re difficillimum est formam exponere optimi;
2. moeilijk, ingewikkeld [res; quaestio];
3. moeilijk te passeren, riskant, gevaarlijk, lastig [via; aditus; iter]; ➤ difficillimis temporibus;
4. nors, lastig, ontoegankelijk, stroef, lichtgeraakt, eigenzinnig [senex; puella; alci; precibus; pater in liberos].

difficilis , e. adj. c. s. (facilis.)
難。— homo 難待之人。Difficiles senes 拂戾之老人。Hoc difficile dictu est 難言也。Difficillimum tempus 此世態難當。

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. . Vide infra in Vulnus.

difficilis e, adj.with comp.and sup.

dis- + facilis, hard, difficult, troublesome, impracticable, laborious, perilous: res, T.: facilia ex difficillimis redigere, Cs.: opus: locus: in locos difficilīs abire, S.: valles, Cs.: oppidum difficili ascensu: transitus, Cs.: aditūs, H.: tempus anni difficillimum, Cs.: difficili rei p. tempore, peril: casus difficilior, S.: difficilioribus usi tempestatibus, Cs: adversas (res) ferre difficile esset: non fuisse difficile cavere, Cs.—Prov.: difficile est, crimen non prodere voltu, O.—With supin. abl.: difficile factu est non probare: quo de genere difficile dictu est.— As substn.: pati vel difficillima, the greatest hardships: in difficili esse, embarrassed, L.: ex difficili petenda, O.—Hard to manage, obstinate, captious, morose, surly: parens in liberos: Difficilem offendet garrulus, H.: senes: avunculus difficillimā naturā, N.: difficili bile tumet iecur, H.: Penelope procis, H.: precibus, O.: terrae, intractable, V.

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