nudus

nūdus, a, um: (adj.), naked, bare, 1.320; open, 2.512; unburied, 5.871.

nūdus, a, um, adj. [for nugdus; root nag-, nig-, to make bare; Sanscr. nagna, naked; cf. Germ. nackt; Eng. naked], naked, bare, unclothed, uncovered, exposed.

• I Lit.
• • A In gen.: membra nuda dabant terrae, Lucr. 5, 970 Lachm. N. cr. (not nudabant): tamquam nudus nuces legeret, in ventrem abstulisse, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265: nudus membra Pyracmon, Verg. A. 8, 425: nuda pedem, Ov. M. 7, 183: capite nudo, bareheaded, Sall. J. 94, 1: pedibus nudis, Hor. S. 1, 8, 24: costae nudae tegmine, Sil. 5, 449.—Esp., without the toga, in one's tunic: nudus ara, sere nudus, Verg. G. 1, 299; Petr. 92; Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 17; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 3, 26, 9.—Unarmed, unprotected: in maximo metu nudum et caecum corpus ad hostes vortere, his defenceless back, Sall. J. 107, 1; Liv. 5, 45, 3.—Prov.: vestimenta detrahere nudo, i. e. to get something out of one who has nothing, or to draw blood from a stone, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 79 (94).—Of things: silex nuda, not covered with turf, Verg. E. 1, 15: ensis, id. A. 12, 306: sedit humo nudā, Ov. M. 4, 261: et quodcumque jacet nudā tellure cadaver, on the bare ground, unburied, Luc. 6, 550; so of unburied bodies, id. 8, 434; Stat. Th. 8, 73: nudum nemus, leafless, Sen. Herc. Oet. 281.—
  • • • • β With gen.: loca nuda gignentium, bare of vegetation, Sall. J. 79, 6: nudus Arboris Othrys, Ov. M. 12, 512. —
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 Stripped, spoiled, vacant, void, deprived, or destitute of, without.
    • • • α With abl.: urbs nuda praesidio, Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1: praesidiis, Liv. 29, 4, 7: nudus agris, nudus nummis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 184: nudum remigio latus, id. C. 1, 14, 4; Sil. 16, 46.—
        • β With ab: Messana ab his rebus sane vacua atque nuda est, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 2, § 3.—
        • γ With gen.: mors famae nuda, Sil. 4, 608.—
        • δ Absol.: heri quod homines quattuor In soporem conlocāstis nudos, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 147 (299): partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 16.—
    • 2 Poor, needy, destitute, forlorn: quem tu semper nudum esse voluisti, Cic. Fl. 21, 51: senecta, Ov. H. 9, 154: senectus, Juv. 7, 35: quis tam nudus, ut, etc., id. 5, 163: sine amicis, sine hospitibus, plane nudum esse ac desertum, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 148.—
• II Transf.
• • A
  • • 1 In gen., bare, mere, pure, simple, sole, alone, only: nuda ista si ponas, judicari qualia sint non facile possim, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 24: ira Caesaris, Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 17: locorum nuda nomina, Plin. 3, praef. § 2: virtus nudo homine contenta est, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 2: nuda rerum cognitio, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 4: nuda virtus, Petr. 88: nudā manu captare fontem, i. e. without a cup, Sen. Hippol. alt. 519.—So freq. in jurid. Lat.: nudo animo adipisci quidem possessionem non possumus: retinere tamen nudo animo possumus, Paul. Sent. 5, tit. 2: etiam nudus consensus sufficit obligationi, Dig. 44, 7, 51; Gai. Inst. 3, 154.—
    • 2 Esp., in phrases.
    • • • α Nudum pactum, a bare agreement, i. e. a contract without consideration: ex nudo enim pacto inter cives Romanos actio non nascitur, Paul. Sent. 2, 14, 1.—
        • β Nudum jus, an unexecuted right: qui nudum jus Quiritium in servo habet, is potestatem habere non intellegitur, Gai. Inst. 1, 54; 3, 166.—
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 Simple, unadorned: Commentarii (Caesaris) nudi sunt, recti et venusti, omni ornatu orationis tamquam veste detractā, Cic. Brut. 75, 262: brevitas nuda atque inornata, id. de Or. 2, 84, 341: quoniam dicendi facultas non debeat esse jejuna atque nuda, id. ib. 1, 50, 218: nuda et velut incompta oratio, Quint. 8, 6, 41; cf. id. 2, 4, 3; Ov. A. A. 3, 747: sedit humo nudā, nudis incompta capillis, Ov. M. 4, 261.—
    • 2 Undisguised, unadorned, not veiled or obscured: veritas, Hor. C. 1, 24, 7: nudissima veritas, Cael. Aur. Chron. 1, 5, 176: simplex ac nuda veritas, Lact. 3, 1, 3: nuda verba, unveiled, i. e. obscene words, Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 4.—Hence, adv.: nūdē, nakedly, simply (post-class.): aliquid tradere breviter ac nude, Lact. 3, 1, 11.

nūdus, a, um (aus *noguedhos = gotisch naqaÞs, ahd. naccot, nahhut, nackt), bloß, I) eig. u. übtr.: A) eig.: 1) bloß, nackt, entkleidet = ohne Kleider, v. Pers., Cic. u.a.: manus (Ggstz. velata), Colum.: nudis pedibus, Hor.: poet. mit Acc. resp., nudus genu od. membra, Verg. Aen. 1, 320 u. 8, 425: nudus omnia praeter pubem, Amm. 31, 16, 6: m. Dat. Gerund. exercitando corpori, zur Leibesübung entkleidet, Tac. ann. 13, 59. – oder = leicht bekleidet, in bloßer Tunika, nudus ara (pflüge), Verg.: inermes nudique sub iugum missi, Liv. – übtr. sudor, von nackten Leuten, Quint. – 2) im weiteren Sinne, wie bloß = unbedeckt, unbeschirmt, a) übh.: vertex, Verg.: ensis, Verg.: nudus iacebis in arena, unbeerdigt, Verg.: nemus, ohne Laub, Sen.: aetheris axis, unbedeckt, unbedacht, Verg.: sedit humo nudā, auf bloßer Erde, Ov.: nudum et caecum corpus, die unbeschirmte, blinde Seite des K., d.i. der Rücken, Sall.: nudum erit latus? incomitata lectica? Sen.: dextra, unbewaffnet, Liv.: u. so nudi aut leviter armati (Ggstz. armatissimi), Sen.: subsellia, unbesetzt (v. Menschen), Cic.: silex, ohne Gras, Verg.: u. so colles, cacumina, Liv.: terga, ohne Bedeckung, Liv.: equi, ungesattelte, Sil.: non exercitu amisso nudus (wehrlos) in servorum ferrum et manus incĭdisset, Cic.: ne tamen istum omnino Syracusis sine amicis, sine hospitibus plane nudum esse ac desertum putetis, Cic. Verr. 4, 148. – poet. m. Acc. resp., lapis omnia nudus, rings nacktes (unbewachsenes) Gestein, Verg. ecl. 1, 48. – b) haarlos, brumā comati sunt, aestate nudi, Solin. 30, 27. – B) übtr.: 1) einer Sache entblößt, beraubt, m. folg. Abl., agris, Hor.: praesidio, Cic. – mit folg. Genet., loca nuda gignentium, Sall.: Othrys nudus arboris erat, vom Baumwuchs, Ov. – absol., domum reddiderit nudam, Cic.: si nudus huc se Antonius conferet, so schwach an Truppen, Planc. in Cic. ep.: m. Dat., cetera nuda neci, ausgesetzt, Val. Flacc. 1, 696. – 2) übh., einer Sache entblößt = von etw. bloß, ohne etw., res publica nuda a magistratibus, Cic.: a propinquis, Cic.: Messana ab his rebus nuda est, Cic.: m. Genet., mors famae nuda, Sil. 4, 608: nudus opum, arm, Sil. 14, 343. – II) bildl.: 1) nackt, schmucklos, einfach, unverhüllt, ungeschminkt, natürlich, commentarii Caesaris, Cic.: capilli, Ov.: verba, natürliche, unverhüllte, d.i. schlüpfrige, Plin. ep.: nomina, Quint.: veritas, Hor., Apul. u. Augustin.: simplex ac nuda veritas, Lact.: nudissima veritas, Cael. Aur. de morb. chron. 1, 5, 176. – 2) nackt, bloß = allein, nur, ausschließlich, nuda ira, bloß Zorn, weiter nichts als Zorn, Ov.: nudum operum certamen, Ov.: nuda si ista ponas, stellt man die Frage so nackt hin, Cic.: hoc nudum relinquitur (es bleibt die bloße Frage übrig), possitne etc., Cic. – 3) nackt, bloß, dürftig, arm, Cic. u. Ov.

nudus [CL] 1 (of body) naked, nude, unclothed; b (of part of body also w. acc. of respect); c destitute, who lacks clothing, also as sb. m; d (transf.). maritus quoque non debet uxorem suam ~am videre Theod. Pen. II 12. 30; pasceret obscenos ut nudo corpore visus Aldh. VirgV 2259; alii [juvenes] stantes ~i V. Cuthb. I 3; exuviis pugillaribus a victore exuitur, et satis ~us in campo relinquitur Mir. Wulfst. II 16 p. 171; 1440 vidi eos multociens in uno lecto solum cum sola et ~um cum ~a jacentes et insimul laborantes DCDurh. Reg. III f. 250v.  b ~is pedibus et ~o desuper corpore Lanfr. Const. p. 167; scintillans ferrum ~a manu portavit Ord. Vit. V 16 p. 433; stant miseri ‥ ~o latere palpitantes Ailr. Inst. Inclus. 33; in estate poteritis si volueritis ~is pedibus [ME: : bar fot] incedere AncrR 171; s1426 corpus ‥ in capella infirmarie ~a facie jacuit Stone Chr. 13.  c si ‥ dicat mihi pauper ~us, quem ego nolim vestire, ideo se ~um esse, quia ego illum ~um esse volo ‥ Anselm Misc. 335; cum essem miser ‥ et pauper ‥ et ~us et erubescerem nimis, opprobrium paupertatis mee non sustinens J. Ford Serm. 11. 5; aliquis dicitur ~us, quia parum habet de vestibus Siccav. PN 115; redimo incarceratos, tego ~os T. Chobham Praed. 28; nudo nullus est amicus / pauper enim et mendicus / est bubone vilior Walt. Wimb. Van. 89.  d his indumentis carens, anima ~a apparebit in die judicii Ailr. Serm. 21. 38. 359; caritas ‥ sine te ‥ omnis virtus ~a est, vestem non habens qua se contegat J. Ford Serm. 12. 7. 2 (as sb. n.): a (ad ~um) next to the bare skin. b (in ~o) on an exposed part of the body. a utebatur ‥ ad ~um tamdiu lorica, quousque tota putrefieret V. Har. concl. f. 24; Christus spoliatus est vestimentis suis usque ad ~um T. Chobham Serm. 1. 4rb.  b si vulnus eveniat alicui ‥ in ~o et manifesto, ut ante capillos, ante manicam, sub genibus, duppliciter emendandum est (Leg. Hen. 93. 1) GAS 609; qui vulnus alicui faciet ac sanguinem, emendet hoc per uncias: ‥ in ~o pro singulis unciis x d. (Ib. 94. 2) Ib. 611. 3 (of thing) uncovered: a (of earth) bare. b (of sword) unsheathed. a omnia in solitudinem et in ~um campum vastando redigere G. Steph. 104; supra ~am humum derelictus est Ord. Vit. VII 16 p. 249; 1275 quod ille qui seminaverit terram alterius recuperet vesturam illam quam seminavit ‥, et alius revertat ad terram suam ~am CourtR Wakefield I 72; ~a humo residens, ‥ pervigil ‥ pernoctavit Meaux I 204.  b ~um gladium Wals. HA II 15. 4 (sub ~o aere) under the open sky, in the open. nobis ‥ toto anni circulo sub ~o aere rotatis Gosc. Edith 290; extra fores Cartusie ~o sub aere faciens ‥ Ad. Eyns. Hug. IV 13 p. 68. 5 unarmed, unprotected. b (w. dat.) exposed to. ~i et inermes ad bella procedunt Gir. TH III 10 p. 150; ad numerum trecentorum millium armatorum, ~is sequacibus ‥ exceptis Plusc. IX 12.  b eos ‥ inermes ac ~os ferientibus gladiis reliquit Bede HE II 2 p. 84. 6 (of object or artefact) that lacks something ordinarily expected: a (of sheepskin) that lacks wool, shorn of fleece. b (of wheel or part of cart) that lacks metal reinforcement. c (of sailyard) that lacks a sail. d (of membrane or written text) that lacks ink, blank. a 1287 remanent v pelles ~e et j pellis agnina Rec. Elton 28; 1308 de xviij pellibus bydencium ~is Ib. 131; 1314 in vendicione xxxvj pelles bydencium lanutas, ij pelles ~as et vij pelles agnorum Ib. 227.  b 1308 in ij paribus rotarum ferratarum emptis ‥ vj s. j d. quad.; in iij paribus rotarum ~arum emptis ‥ vj s. j d. quad Rec. Elton 136; 1312 in ij sellis ~is ad carectas emptis ‥ iiij d. Ib. 167; 1314 carecte: ‥ in ij paribus rotarum ferratarum et ij paribus rotarum ~arum ‥ xij s. Ib. 212; 1341 in j pari rotarum ~arum (v. 1 frettare 2a); 1350 in ij herciis ~is (v. 1 cavilla 4); 1388 iij caruce cum ferris et hernesio precii vj s. viij d., item j currus ~us cum hernesio pro iiijor equis precii iiij s. Chanc. Misc. 240/2; habet ‥ duas carectas quarum una est ferrata et alia debilis et ~a, precii xxiij s. Ib. 240/27; 1397 pro uno pari rotarum ~arum pro carecta ‥ ad cariandum calsem de puteo subtus montem de P. KR Ac 479/23.  c 1287 est status molendini talis ‥ una virga satis velata, alia virga omnino ~a CourtR Ramsey 272.  d luna ‥ secunda est in B, tertia in C, similiter ~is, id est nullo puncto adnotatis Bede TR 23 p. 226; 1351 unam chartam ~am (v. charta 1c); si minor sit, modo ~o formabitur ad modum losonge sic Hauboys 262; nulla ~a obliquitas per se ligatura dici potest Ib. 322. 7 (w. abl. or ab & abl.) free from, devoid of. amittasque habitum justitiae ‥ ac ~us ab ornamento virtutum existere comproberis Bede Prov. 1005; ubique dulcissimos supernae contemplationis fructus, saeculo ~us Deo plenus, solitaria cotidie hauriebat conversatione Alcuin WillP 4; fronte capillis ~a W. Malm. GR III 279. 8 of a primary or pristine condition, basic; b (of leg. arrangement or customary procedure). si Christus homo pulcrior est quam possit esse creatura ~a, sicut carbo ignitus pulcrior est quam possit esse lignum ~um, ‥ Gros. Cess. Leg. III 1. 24; nullo ‥ modo generatur caro nisi caro sit ignis vel aqua vel materia ~a T. Sutton Gen. & Corrupt. 167; c1470 circa ~am facturam domus istius (v. cristatio).  b salarium ~a sponsione constitutum petatur condictione ex lege ‥ sed si per stipulationem ‥ certi condictione petatur Ric. Angl. Summa 26; 1296 J. ‥ capit toftum et bondagium ~um sine equo et bove Hal. Durh. 7; usus ‥ dividi potest in ~um usum et in usumfructum Ockham Pol. I 303; nec valet ~a eleccio Wycl. Ver. II 172 (v. deputatio 2a); ~um officium misse Ord. Cartus. 104 (v. conventualis 1c). 9 clear, plain, simple. b manifest. ille siquidem honor est in solis et ~is et puris intellectibus P. Blois Ep. 151. 443A; verbis ~is et manifestis Gros. Cess. Leg. I 9. 3; ipsum testificaretur tum verbis ~is tum signacionibus allegoricis Id. Hexaem I 4; e vero et de et ex cum ceteris sequentibus ut pro, pre, palam, sine, absque, tenus dicunt racionem materie ad formam, quia quedam est ~a, quedam disposita, quedam perfecta, quod dicunt iij preposiciones e, de, ex Ps.-Gros. Gram. 56; de consilio non ~o sed fraudulento Lyndw. 98l (v. consilium 2a).  b omnia archana et ultima patebunt et ~a erunt Andr. S. Vict. Sal. 77; amicos ‥ quorum nobis ~a sint omnia, quibus omnia nostra pandamus secreta Ailr. Spir. Amicit. 3. 80. 690; peccata eorum omnibus ~a erunt et aperta T. Chobham Praed. 42; omnis res que persuaderi debet animo auditoris, multo melius insinuabitur per similitudinem quam per simplicem et ~am veritatem Ib. 282; ambo [sc. intellectus et voluntas] se convertunt ut sunt ut ~e, pure et sole potencie Duns Ord. II 289. 10 that is nothing more than, mere. melius exemplis quam ~a verbositate informor Aldh. Met. 10 p. 92; ne putes te ~a solummodo professione verborum mihi posse placere Bede Cant. 1213; inermis nude ventoseque facundie deridet ineptias J. Sal. Met. 933A; crevit puer ~o adhuc nomine Albanus, immo non ~o nomine sed divina etiam preordinatione W. Newb. Serm. 880; compassio misericordie ‥ in sola voluntate nonnumquam consistit ‥ . at compassio discipline non ~a voluntate estimanda est Bald. Cant. Serm. 4. 46. 411; omnes promisimus ei obsequium servitutis nostre in baptismo. et non fuit ~a promissio; fuit vestita congrua juris sollempnitate T. Chobham Praed. 148. 11 empty-handed, unsuccessful. s1257 cogebantur ‥ inutiliter commorari donec ~i reverterentur negotio ipsorum tamen infecto Oxnead Chr. 213.

nūdus, (8) a, um, nu [pr. et fig.] : ¶ 1 vinctus nudus Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 87, enchaîné le corps nu ; pedibus nudis Sall. J. 94, 1, avec les pieds nus ; [poét.] nudus membra Virg. En. 8, 425, ayant les membres nus || vêtu légèrement, en tunique : Virg. G. 1, 299 ; Liv. 3, 26, 9 ¶ 2 mis à découvert, découvert : nudus ensis Virg. En. 12, 306, épée nue ; corpus nudum Sall. J. 107, 1, la partie du corps que ne protège pas le bouclier, le dos ; nuda subsellia Cic. Cat. 1, 16, bancs vides ; lapis nudus Virg. B. 1, 47, pierre nue || laissé comme nu, abandonné, sans secours : Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 148 || nu, sans ressources, misérable : Cic. Fl. 51 ; Ov. H. 9, 154 ; Juv. 5, 163 ; 7, 35 ¶ 3 vide de, privé de : urbs nuda præsidio Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1, la ville sans défense, cf. Liv. 29, 4, 7 || res publica nuda a magistratibus Cic. Domo 58, lʼÉtat privé de magistrats, cf. Cic. Quir. 16 ; Verr. 2, 4, 3 || loca nuda gignentium Sall. J. 79, 6, lieux sans végétaux, sans végétation ; nudus arboris Othrys Ov. M. 12, 512, lʼOthrys sans arbres ¶ 4 nu, sans ornement de style : Cic. Br. 262 ; de Or. 1, 218 ; 2, 341 || mots crus : Plin. Min. Ep. 4, 14, 4 ¶ 5 pur et simple : nuda ista si ponas Cic. Par. 24, si tu poses cette question toute nue (comme cela, tout uniment), cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 14 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 5, 8, 4.

nudus , a, um. adj.
光身。赤身。裸。未埋者。明。貧。索樸。只一。— nummis 無錢。— ensis 光刀。— arboris mons 無樹之山。Silex nudus 荒山。Nuda pedem 赤足女。Nudi pisces 水外之魚。Arvum nudum 光地。Nuda verba 明言。口言耳。

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nūdus adj.,

• naked, bare, unclothed, stripped, uncovered, exposed: Capillus passus, nudus pes, T.: nudum (Roscium) eicit domo: nuda pedem, O.: membra, V.: capite nudo, bareheaded, S.: nudo corpore pugnare, without a shield, Cs.: sere nudus, without the toga, V.: nudum corpus ad hostīs vortere, his defenceless back, S.: Gratia Nudis iuncta sororibus, in light attire, H.: silice in nudā, bare, V.: Sedit humo nudā, O.—Striped, spoiled, vacant, void, deprived, destitute, without: partem subselliorum nudam atque inanem relinquere: urbs praesidio: agris nummis, H.: Messana ab his rebus: loca nuda gignentium, S.: Arboris Othrys, O.— Without property, poor, needy, destitute, forlorn: senecta, O.: quis tam nudus, ut, etc., Iu.: plane nudus ac desertus: nil cupientium Nudus castra peto, H.—Bare, mere, pure, simple, sole, alone, only: nuda ista si ponas: operum nudum certamen, simply a rivalry in achievements, O.—Simple, unadorned: Commentarii (Caesaris): dicendi facultas: nudis incompta capillis, O.: veritas, H.

NUDUS

NUDUS(γυμνός). These words, besides denoting absolute nakedness, which was to be ἀναμπέχονος καὶ ἀχίτων (compare Moschus, 4.98), were applied to anyone who, being without an AMICTUSwore only his tunic. (Aristoph. Eccles. 409; Lysist. 150; John 21.7.) In this state of semi-nudity, the ancients performed the operations of ploughing, sowing, and reaping. (Hes. Op. et Dies, 391; Aristoph. Lysist. 1177; Verg. G. 1.299; Aelian, Ael. VH 6.11, 13.27-Z2; Matt. 24.18.) Thus Cincinnatus was found nudus at the plough when he was called to be dictator, and sent for his toga, that he might appear before the senate. (Plin. Nat.18.20; Aur. Vict. de Vir. Illust. 17; Liv. 3.26.) The accompanying woodcut is taken from an antique gem in the Florentine Collection, and shows a man ploughing in his tunic only.

This term applied to the warrior expressed the absence of some part of his armour. Hence the light armed were called γυμνῆτες.

[J.Y]

Nudus

(γυμνός). Unclad; in the ordinary sense, denoting absolute nakedness; thence, in common language, scantily or imperfectly clad, denoting a person of either sex who is divested of all clothing except that which is worn next the skin—the Roman of his toga, the Greek of his pallium—as we say “in undress,” “negligé,” of a man without his coat, or of a woman without her gown. But the Latin nudus, as well as the Greek γυμνός, appear to have indicated something more precise than the mere absence of an outer garment (amictus) over the tunic; for both words are particularly used in describing the hard-working population, agricultural labourers, ploughmen, etc. (Hesiod, Op. 391; Verg. Georg. ii. 299). See exomis.