palma

tendebat inertes moribundus palmas
dying, he stretched out his sluggish palms plurimarum palmarum gladiator
a gladiator with very many victories (palm-wreathes)

palma , ae, f.: the palm of the hand, 8.69; the hand, 1.93; palm branch, 5.111; a palm branch or wreath as the symbol of victory; reward, prize, 5.349; victory; a victor, 5.339.

palma, ae [παλάμη; Sanscr. phal, to open], f., the palm of the hand.

• I Lit., Cic. Or. 32, 113; Cels. 8, 18: cavis undam de flumine palmis Sustulit, Verg. A. 8, 69: aliquem palmā concutere, Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 7: faciem contundere palmā, Juv. 13, 128: os hominis liberi manus suae palmā verberare, Laber. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 13. —
• II Transf.
• • A (Pars pro toto.) The hand: compressan' palma an porrecta ferio? Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 53 (405): palmarum intentus, Cic. Sest. 55, 117: passis palmis salutem petere, Caes. B. C. 3, 98: teneras arcebant vincula palmas, Verg. A. 2, 406: duplices tendens ad sidera palmas, id. ib. 1, 93: amplexus tremulis altaria palmis, Ov. M. 5, 103; Val. Fl. 8, 44.—
  • B The sole of a goose's foot: palmas pedum anseris torrere, Plin. 10, 22, 27, § 52.—
  • C The broad end or blade of an oar: palmarum pulsus, Laber. ap. Non. 151, 27: caerula verrentes abiegnis aequora palmis, Cat. 64, 7; Vitr. 10, 8.—
  • D A palm-tree, a palm, φοῖνιξ: ab ejus summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur, Caes. B. G. 6, 26; Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 39: in palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, id. 13, 11, 21, § 69; 16, 42, 81, § 223; Gell. 3, 6, 2: arbor palmae, Suet. Aug. 94: ardua, Verg. G. 2, 67: viridis, Ov. A. A. 2, 3: arbusto palmarum dives Idume, Luc. 3, 216.—Sing. collect.: umbrosa, Juv. 15, 76.—Hence,
  • • 2 Transf.
    • • a The fruit of the palm-tree, a date (poet.): quid vult palma sibi rugosaque carica, Ov. F. 1, 185; Pers. 6, 39.—
      • b A palm-branch, e. g. which was suspended in wine to make it sweeter, Cato R. R. 113; Col. 12, 20, 5.—
      • c Hence, also, a broom made of palm-twigs: ten' lapides varios lutulentā radere palmā, Hor. S. 2, 4, 83 (pro scopis ex palmā confectis, Schol.); Mart. 14, 82.—
      • d A palm-branch or palm-wreath, as a token of victory: eodem anno (461 A.U.C.) ... palmae primum, translato e Graeciā more, victoribus datae, Liv. 10, 47; cf.: more victorum cum palmā discucurrit, Suet. Calig. 32: IMP. CAES. EX SICILIA EID. NOV. TRIVMPHAVIT, PALMAM DEDIT, dedicated to Jupiter, Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 607; so very frequently: palmam dare, Tabulae Fastorum Triumph., v. Bullet. Instit. Archaeol. 1861, p. 91; cf. Isid. Orig. 18, 2, 4; hence,
      • e Transf., a token or badge of victory, the palm or prize; and still more gen., victory, honor, glory, pre-eminence: antehac est habitus parcus ... is nunc in aliam partem palmam possidet, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 32 (32): plurimarum palmarum gladiator, Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17: cum palmam jam primus acceperit, id. Brut. 47, 173: quos Elea domum reducit Palma caelestes, Hor. C. 4, 2, 17: quam palmam utinam di immortales tibi reservent, Cic. Sen. 6, 19: docto oratori palma danda est, id. de Or. 3, 35, 143; id. Att. 4, 15, 6; id. Phil. 11, 5, 11: alicujus rei palmam alicui deferre, id. de Or. 2, 56, 227; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 1: palmā donare aliquem, Ov. A. A. 2, 3: arbiter pugnae posuisse nudo Sub pede palmam Fertur, Hor. C. 3, 20, 11. —Of things: Siculum mel fert palmam, bears away the palm, has the preference, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14.—
      • f Hence, in gen., the topmost twig or branch of any tree: quae cujusque stipitis palma sit, Liv. 33, 5, 10; cf. Curt. 4, 3, 10 (Mütz.)—
      • g Poet., of the victor himself: post Helymus subit et jam tertia palma Diores, Verg. A. 5, 339; Sil. 16, 504, 574.—
      • h Of horses: Eliadum palmae equarum, Verg. G. 1, 59.—
      • k Also, of one about to be conquered, and who is to become the prize of the victor: ultima restabat fusis jam palma duobus Virbius, Sil. 4, 392.—
  • E A branch on a tree, esp. on a vine, = palmes, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202; Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 3; Col. 3, 17, 4; 4, 15, 3; 4, 24, 12 sq.—
• F The fruit of an Egyptian tree, Plin. 12, 22, 47, § 103.—
• G An aromatic plant growing in Africa and Syria, Plin. 12, 28, 62, § 134 (= elate).—
• H A marine plant, Plin. 13, 25, 49, § 138.—
• K A town in the Balearic islands, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 77.

palma, ae, a collat. form for parma, v. parma init.

palma, ae, f. (griech. παλάμη, ahd. folma, Hand), I) die flache Hand, 1) eig., Cic. u.a. – 2) meton.: a) die ganze Hand, palmis passis, Caes.: palmarum intentus (Plur.), Cic. – u. wieder meton. = der Backenstreich, Lact. 4, 18, 13. Vulg. Matth. 26, 27. Commodian. apol. 351 u.a. Eccl. (s. Rönsch Itala p. 319). – b) der Gänsefuß, Plin. 10, 52. – c) der unterste breitere Teil des Ruders, die Schaufel, Catull., Vitr. u.a. – II) die Palme, der Palmbaum (Phoenix dactylifera, L.), 1) eig., Verg. georg. 2, 67. Plin. 13, 26 sqq.: arbor palmae, Suet. Aug. 94, 11: palmae arbores, Itin. Alex. 20 (51): rami palmarum, Palmzweige, Vulg. 1. Mach. 13, 51 u.a. Eccl. – 2) meton.: a) die Palmfrucht, die Dattel, Ov., Plin. u. Pers. – b) der Palmzweig, kollektiv die Palmzweige, die in die Weinfässer gehängt wurden, um den Wein angenehmer zu machen, Cato: als Besen gebraucht, Hor. u. Mart. – insbes. als Siegeszeichen, Liv.: dah. meton.: α) der Preis, um den man kämpft, die Siegespalme, der Siegespreis, der höchste Ehrenpreis, palmam dare, accipere, Cic.: Pythias et Olympiacas palmas quadrigis adipisci, Solin.: cum septimo spatio palmae appropinquat (agitator), Sen.: alqm mercede palmarum fraudare, Suet. – bildl., der Preis, Vorzug, palmam ferre, Cic.: palmam in aliam partem possidēre, Plaut.: huic equidem consilio palmam do, Ter.: facile palmam habes, Plaut. – od. der Ruhm, egregiam istam palmam belli Punici patrati petis, Liv.: ut vos de P. Africano palmam peteretis, Liv. – β) der Sieg, palma Olympiaca, Verg.: bellorum palmae laureaeque, Iustin.: alci hanc palmam reservare, Cic.: ea nobis ingens palmae contentio, Wettstreit um den Sieg, Quint. – v. einem Morde, einer Mordtat, plurimarum palmarum gladiator, Cic. – γ) der Bewerber um den Siegespreis, subit tertia palma Diores, Verg. Aen. 5, 339; u. so Sil. 16, 503. – δ) der zu Besiegende, od. der, mit dem man um den Sieg streitet, Sil. 4, 392. – III) der Schoß, Zweig, Scriptt. r. r., Caes. u. Plin.: palma stipitis, Liv.: palmae arborum eminentium, Curt. – IV) die Frucht eines Baumes in Ägypten, ähnlich der Balsamfrucht, Plin. 12, 103. – V) ein Baum in Afrika, zu Salben verarbeitet, Plin. 12, 134: auch ein Strauch im Meere, Plin. 13, 138. – VI) = parma, der Schild, Tibull. 1, 9, 82 zw. (Bährens parma). – VII) eine eingebrannte Figur (viell. einer Dattel od. flachen Hand ähnlich), Veget. mul. 5, 40, 3.

palma [CL] 1 palm of the hand, hand. b (ad ~am ludus or sim.) game in which ball is struck with the hand or (later) a racket, tennis;  c (w. ref. to animal’s paw). d (w. ref. to bird’s wing). quod ~is in faciem verberatur, nobis veram libertatem donavit Theod. Laterc. 20; in medium ~ae artum Bede TR 1 (v. 1 artus 3a); ~am ejus capiti super aurem dextram, pansis digitorum radiis, applicuit Gosc. Transl. Mild. 21 p. 184; videbatur sibi videre Dominum post flagella ‥ crucifixum in patibulo, ~as et plantas clavis expositas J. Furness Walth. 63; ~e ‥ longe cum digitis longis significant dominum suum bene dispositum ad multas artes Bacon V 170; hec ~a, paume Gl. AN Ox. 40; hec ~a, the palme of the hand WW.  b pro lusu domini ad ~am ‥ Ac. H. Derby 263; 1460 pro reparacione unius loci dicti penteyse in dicto hospicio [regis in burgo de Aberden] pro ludo ad ~am ‥ xxx s. ExchScot VI 600; Scotis ad ~am ludentibus Plusc. X 25.  c leo iratus erexit ~am et cum unguibus extraxit totum corium de capite lupi Latin Stories 54.  d ~a, pars ale, peniun, ale Teaching Latin I 142. 2 measure reckoned with palm or hand: a (of length) span. b (of volume) handful. a ~a, handbred Ælf. Gl. 158; per mensuram ~ae Text. Roff. 55v; castores caudas habent ‥ in modum ~e humane spissas Gir. TH I 26; c1205 in latitudine decem ulnas et dimidiam j ~a minus de ulnis ferreis regis Johannis E. Ch. S. Paul. 165; 1243 ad †divam [l. duvam] fossati latitudinis xij pedum per pedem ~e Liberate 20 m. 20; 1246 vulneraverunt M. ‥ cum una sagitta sub mamilla sinistra ad profunditatem unius ~e SelPlForest 80; 13‥ ad altitudinem ~e, viz. ad summitatem pollicis (v. cumulare 2); 1395 tres pollices faciunt ~am et tres ~e et tria grana faciunt pedem Mem. York I 142.  b pro qualibet centa bladi que venditur ‥ habet dominus plenas ~as de ‥ blado pro mesuragio RGasc I 546a; 1310 de quolibet bussello unam plenam ~am (v. palmare 6b). 3 palm-tree; b (w. ref. to temple decoration in Ezech. xi 37, xli 25); c (fig.). fructus ~ae dicitur pro similitudine spadae Comm. Cant. I 395; dactilus ‥ palmae Aldh. VirgV 168 (v. dactylus 3a); carica, fructus fici vel ~e Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 150; palmetum in quo ~e crescunt Ib. 482; palma / non nisi centennis fructificare solet Neckam DS VIII 38 p. 482; ~a est ‥ arbor nobilis ‥ sempiterne pulcritudinis et viroris, diuturnis vestita frondibus ‥ . ~a a Graecis φοῖνιξ est vocata Bart. Angl. XVII 116; ~a que in Egipta nascitur, semen habet mirobolano simile quam catonia appellant Egipcii Alph. 137.  b in templo Ezechielis ante frontem vestibuli pictura ~arum describitur. ~e prefigurant merita sanctorum Mir. Wulfst. 1 prol. p. 116.  c 802 apostolicam ‥ sedem, ex qua ~a pietatis dactilico florens fructu crescere debuit Alcuin Ep. 258. 4 palm-branch. b (frater de ~a) knight of the confraternity of Saragossa, Belchite knight. sporta quae juncis ~isque solet confici‥ . ~a spem vitae aeternae significat Bede Acts 964; ~a, palmtwig Ælf. Gl. 138.  b Rotro comes Moritoniae cum Francis, et episcopus Cesaraugustanus, cum fratribus de ~is ‥ Penecadel ‥ munierunt Ord. Vit. XIII 4 p. 6. 5 palm as sign of victory or triumph, victory. b (~am tenere) to hold the first or highest place. Stephanum gloriosum ob martyrii ~am Gildas EB 1; sicut famosus spiritalis palestrae agonitheta, qua certantes caelestis ~ae bravium percepturi sunt Aldh. Met. 5; apud antiquos quicumque in certamine vicissent ~a aurea coronabantur Bede Cant. 1197; in omnibus ‥ arene spectaculis ut in jactibus et palestra ‥, ~as adipisci solitus Map NC IV 12 f. 53v; ut ad ~am et bravium animosius curras P. Blois Ep. 36. 116A; versus Weisefordiam ‥ victricis ~e vexilla reguntur Gir. EH I 24.  b Aegyptiorum, qui prae ceteris doctoribus calculandi ~am tenent (Ceolfrith) Bede HE V 21 p. 339; ~am tenet inter omnes quos instituendis regendisque feminis religiosam operam impendisse cognovimus W. Newb. HA I 16. 6 (w. ref. to palms strewn on Christ’s entry into Jerusalem, Joh. xii 13);  b pl. ~ae, Dominica ~arum, or sim.) Palm Sunday;  c (palm as relic). d (palm or sim. carried in procession on Palm Sunday). ei Hierosolimam venienti ~arum ramis et laudibus occurrere Bede Prov. 937B.  b ut ‥ regina ‥ adhuc in jejunio diem ~arum celebraret Bede HE III 25 p. 182; Dominica in ~is ad invitatorium duo in albis Lanfr. Const. 100; collecta de Dominica agatur, excepto Sabbato ante ~as Ib. 132; in die ~arum DB II 252b; 1265 ante instantem Dominicam ~arum Cl 32; c1315 pannus niger cum albis leonibus pro festo ~arum Invent. Ch. Ch. 75; rogabit [sc. precentor] insuper fratrem qui evangelium super ~as, et qui passionem legat Cust. Cant. 95; Dominica in palmis ‥ ut fur et proprietarius fuit excommunicatus Meaux III 109.  c 1383 reliquia ‥ ex dono J. de C. item de ligno Domini de ~a Domini, de pulvere carnis beati Dionysii Ac. Durh. 432.  d consecrare digneris hos ~arum ramos Egb. Pont. 128; in die palmarum fratres sub silentio ordinatim eant ad aecclesiam ubi ~ae sunt Ælf. EC 7; postea accedens abbas aut sacerdos benedicat ~as et flores et frondes Lanfr. Const. 101; in die tamen ramispalmarum ‥ saepius sacerdotem dicentem audivi “benedic etiam et hos ~arum ramos”, quum preter salignas frondes nihil omnino viderem ego. quid alii viderunt nescio Turner Herb. B iv. 7 (bot. ~a Christi): a gromwell (Lithospermum officinale). b castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis). c motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca). d mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris). a milium solis, ~a Christi, gromil idem SB 30; ~a Christi, grana solis idem, stipitem habet quadratum sed viride[m], herba autem matricis stipitem similiter habet quadratum sed rubeum Ib. 33.  b custos orti, pendactilis, i. gira solis vel ~a Christi idem Alph. 47; ~a Christi vel pentalma Christi, gira solis, priapus idem, similis archangelice, sed folia habet majora et multo plus fissa quasi quinque digitorum, stipitem habet quadratum et aliquantulum nigrum Ib. 136; ricinus is called ‥ in English ~a Christi Turner Herb Names F iv.  c ~a Christi, A. ragged moderwort MS BL Sloane 5 f.10ra; ~a Christi, pentadactilus, pigmentaria, modwort MS BL Sloane 2479 f. 101v; ~a Christi ‥ A. moderwort MS BL Add. 15236 f. 19v.  d ~a Christi ‥ A. mogewort MS BL Sloane 3217 f. 62; ~a Christi A. mogwort MS BL Add. 18752 f. 109v..

1 palma, (9) æ, f. (παλάμη), ¶ 1 paume, creux (plat) de la main : Cic. Off. 3, 38, etc. || main entière : Cic. Sest. 117 ; Cæs. C. 3, 98, 2 || patte dʼoie : Plin. 10, 52 || pale de la rame, rame : Catul. 64, 7 ¶ 2 palmier : Plin. 13, 26 ; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 87 ; arbor palmæ Suet. Aug. 94, palmier ; [dʼoù] a) fruit du palmier, datte : Ov. F. 1, 185 ; b) palme, branche [quʼon mettait dans les tonneaux pour donner bon goût] : Cato Agr. 113 ; Col. Rust. 12, 20, 5 ; [dont on faisait des balais] Hor. S. 2, 4, 83 ; Mart. 14, 82, 1 || [emblème de la victoire] : Liv. 10, 47, 3 ; [dʼoù] palmam dare, accipere Cic. de Or. 3, 143 ; Br. 173, donner, recevoir la palme ; alicujus rei alicui palmam deferre Cic. de Or. 2, 227, décerner à qqn la palme de qqch. (en qqch.) ; palmam ferre Cic. Att. 4, 15, 6, remporter la palme (la victoire) ; plurimarum palmarum gladiator Cic. Amer. 17, gladiateur aux palmes (victoires) nombreuses ; tertia palma Diores Virg. En. 5, 339, Diorès troisième palme, troisième vainqueur ; (mittit) Eliadum palmas Epirus equarum Virg. G. 1, 59, lʼÉpire (envoie) celles qui gagnent la palme parmi les cavales dʼÉlide [courant en Élide aux jeux olympiques] ; ultima palma Virbius Sil. 4, 392, Virbius, dernière palme à conquérir, dernier adversaire à vaincre ¶ 3 pousse, rejeton, jet : Liv. 33, 5, 10 ; Curt. 4, 3, 10 || [de la vigne] Varro R. 1, 31, 3 ; Plin. 17, 202 ¶ 4 fruit dʼun arbre en Égypte : Plin. 12, 103 ¶ 5 arbre dʼAfrique, dont on extrayait un parfum : Plin. 12, 134 || plante marine : Plin. 13, 138 ¶ 6 cautère en forme de palme : Veg. Mul. 2, 105, 3.

palma , ae. f.
槳掌。手掌。大枝。

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palma , ae. f.
疋蘭樹果。花紅。賞。Tertia — Diores 的約里人係第三勝者。Plurium palmarum homo 屢奏凱之人。\*Dominica palmarum 聖枝禮主日。

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palma ae, f

• , παλάμη, the palm, flat hand: cum manum dilataverat, palmae illius similem, etc.: cavis undam palmis Sustinet, V.: faciem contundere palmā, Iu.—The hand: palmarum intentus: passis palmis salutem petere, Cs.: amplexus tremulis altaria palmis, O.—The broad end of an oar, Ct.—A palm-tree, palm: in templo palma exstitisse ostendebatur, Cs.: ardua, V.—Sing.collect.: umbrosa, Iu.—The fruit of the palmtree, date: Quid volt palma sibi, O.—A broom of palm-twigs: lapides lutulentā radere palmā, H.— A branch, twig, L.—A palm-branch, palm-wreath, token of victory, palm, prize, pre-eminence: palmae victoribus datae, L.: plurimarum palmarum gladiator, victories: cum palmam iam primus acceperit: Elea, H.: docto oratori palma danda est: Huic consilio palmam do, T.: donat mea carmina palmā, O.: subit . . . tertia palma Diores, i. e. winning the third prize, V.: Eliadum palmae equarum, the best, V.—The topmost twig, shoot, branch: unum cornu existit . . . ab eius summo sicut palmae ramique diffunduntur, Cs.: quae cuiusque stipitis palma sit, L.: palmae arborum eminentium, Cu.

Palma

The palm branch bestowed by both Greeks and Romans upon victorious athletes and drivers in the race-course (Livy, x. 49; Cic. Brut. 47). In works of art, therefore, it symbolizes victory.