radius

radii solis
rays of the sun

radius , iī, m.: a staff, rod; spoke of a wheel, 6.616; beam, ray, 5.65; a shuttle, 9.476; the representation of rays on a crown, 12.163.

rădĭus, ii, m. [cf.: radix, ramus], a staff, rod.

• I In gen.: acuti radii immissi, stakes, Liv. 33, 5, 11: ferreus, Plin. 10, 42, 58, § 117.—
• • B In partic.
  • • 1 A spoke of a wheel, Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 206; Verg. G. 2, 444; id. A. 6, 616; Ov. M. 2, 108; 2, 317; Val. Fl. 6, 414: inter radios rotarum, Curt. 4, 9, 5; Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 206.—
    • 2 In mathematics,
    • • a A staff, rod, for measuring, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 64; Verg. E. 3, 41; id. A. 6, 850; Macr. S. 7, 2; Tert. Idol. 9. —
      • b A semidiameter, radius of a circle, Cic. Univ. 6. —
    • 3 In weaving, a shuttle, Ov. M. 6, 56; 132; Lucr. 5, 1352; Verg. A. 9, 476.—
    • 4 In zoology,
    • • a The spur of many kinds of birds, Plin. 11, 47, 107, § 257; esp. of the cock, id. 30, 11, 29, § 97. —
      • b The sting above the tail of the fish pastinaca, Plin. 9, 48, 72, § 155; 32, 2, 12, § 25. —
    • 5 In botany, a kind of long olive, Verg. G. 2, 86; Col. 5, 8, 4; id. Arb. 17, 3; Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13. A sub-species of the same, called radius major, Cato R. R. 6, 1; Varr. R. R. 1, 24.—
    • 6 In anatomy, the radius, the exterior bone of the forearm, Gr. κερκίς, Cels. 8, 1. —
    • 7 Radius virilis = membrum virile, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 14, 115.—
• II A beam or ray of any shining object; of the sun, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2 (2); Lucr. 1, 48; 2, 117; Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71; Verg. A. 4, 119; 7, 25; Tert. Res. Carn. 47; of lightning, Verg. A. 8, 429; Val. Fl. 6, 55; of the eyes, Gell. 5, 16, 2; of the halo around the heads of divine or deified personages: aurati, Verg. A. 12, 163; cf. radio, II.

radius, iī, m. (verwandt mit radix), der Stab, das Stäbchen, der Stecken, I) eig.: A) im allg.: acuti atque alius per alium immissi radii, Liv. 33, 5, 11: ferreus, Plin. 10, 117. – B) insbes.: 1) die Speiche des Rades, Verg., Sen. u.a. – 2) als mathem. t.t., der Stab der Mathematiker, womit sie die Figuren auf die Platte des abacus (Zeichentisches) in grünen (Glasstaub zeichneten, der Zeichenstab, Cic. Tusc. 6, 64. Verg. ecl. 3, 41 (dazu Serv.); Aen. 6, 850. Arnob. 2, 23: geometricus radius, Amm. 22, 16, 17. – 3) als t.t. der Weberkunst, das Weberschiffchen, der Schütze, Lucr. 5, 1351. Verg. Aen. 9, 476. Ov. met. 4, 275; 6, 56 u. 132. Sil. 14, 658: inter muliercularum radios ex textrina dilanior, Hieron. epist. 57, 13. Vgl. übh. Blümner Gewerbe usw. 1², 153 ff. – 4) als t.t. der Anatomie, die vom Ellenbogen ausgehende kürzere Röhre des Vorderarmes, die Spindel, Speiche (Ggstz. cubitus, die längere Ellenbogenröhre), Cels. 8, 1. p. 327, 12 D. – 5) als t.t. der Zoologie: a) der Stachel oberhalb des Schwanzes des Fisches, pastinaca, Plin. 9, 155 u.a. – b) radii, die Sporen mancher Vögel, Plin. 11. 257: bes. des Haushahns, Plin. 30, 97. – c) r. virilis, das männl. Glied, Cael. Aur. de morb. acut. 3, 14, 115. – 6) als t.t. der Botanik, eine Art länglicher Oliven, die man einzumachen pflegte, Verg., Colum. u.a.: eine Unterart r. maior gen., Cato u. Varro. – II) übtr.: 1) als mathem. t.t., der Radius des Kreises, der Halbmesser, Cic. Tim. 15. – 2) der Strahl eines leuchtenden Ggstds., der Sonne, radius solis, Tert. (vgl. ut ipsius solis radio putem scriptum, sonnenklar, Tert.): radius a sole porrectus, Lact.: radii solis, Plaut., Cic. u.a.: iubar hoc (die Sonne) radiis insigne coruscis, Ov.: radii matutini, Morgenstrahlen (der Sonne), Ov.: radii lunae, Ov.: ubi excanduit radiis dies, Amm. – tres imbris torti (des Hagels) radii, Verg.: radii corusci fulminis,Val. Flacc.: radiorum ex oculis in ea, quae videri queunt, emissio, Gell. – radii aurati, die Strahlenkrone, der Heiligenschein am Haupte göttl. od. zu Göttern erhobenen Wesen, Verg.

radius [CL], ~ia, ~ium 1 ray, beam (of emitted or reflected light); b (in optics); c (transf.); d (in fig. context or fig.). nequaquam limpido solis ~io [gl.: splendore, leo, leoman] potiretur Aldh. VirgP 32 p. 274; nec lucis radius linquens ergastula cessit Id. VirgV 1403; atomi tenuissimi pulveris [? l. pulveres] in ratio [? l. radio] apparent solis GlC A 875; debemus considerare ~ium qui de ista stella ortus est Ailr. Serm. 24. 31. 332; 1174 avelle a sole solis radium, et non lucet P. Blois Ep. 47. 140A; accipiebam ~ium lune in manu mea Latin Stories 25.  b a1164 in quod ‥ cor appetit et in quod ~ius oculi semper tendit J. Sal. Ep. 73 (97); visus est vis ordinata in nervo concavo ad apprehendendam formam ejus quod formatur in humore cristallino ex similitudine corporum coloratorum per ~ios venientes in effectum ad superficies corporum tersorum J. Blund An. 89; ita per reflexionem ~orum apparet ymago in speculo Ib. 177; ~ium visibilem a folliculo cerebri mitti per opticum nervum ad fenestram oculi dubium ‥ non est Neckam NR II 153 p. 238; ut quando fit coadunatio fractorum ~iorum in puncto alicujus corporis perspicui Bart. Angl. IV 1 p. 82; fumus et pulvis ‥ ~iorum visualium aciem hebetarunt R. Bury Phil. 4. 63.  c videbatur ei quod unus ~ius cruoris sui versus celum multum in altum se exiliens Brompton 996.  d tempore ‥ summo Tiberii Caesaris, quo absque ullo impedimento ejus propagabatur religio, comminata senatu nolente a principe morte delatoribus militum ejusdem, ~ios suos primum indulget, i. sua praecepta, Christus Gildas EB 8; ~io rudis testamenti coruscante Aldh. Met. 2 p. 68; splendere scientia, caritatis ~io flammescere Ailr. Serm. 32. 1; quia semitas justitie ~io suo illustrationis ostendit J. Ford Serm. 11. 3; cum ~io serenitatis divini ‥ V. Edm. Rich C 592; [Christus] ut sol in meridie, / fulget summe radiata / radio justicie J. Howd. Sal. 49. 9. 2 spoke (in wheel); b (transf.). ita ut modiolis inserti ~ii canthis firmiter connectantur Neckam NR II 168 p. 279; 1320 [wheel-spokes] ~iis [for carts] Fabr. Exon. 116; 1321 in veteribus rotis carecte ‥ reficiendis ‥ ac novis ~iis in eisdem imponendis (v. felgare); est axis duplex radii [spokys] sunt, timpana, canti (Vers) WW; hic ~ius, A. spake WW.  b atque cum hoc dicto palmam ejus capiti super aurem dextram, pansis digitorum ~iis, applicuit Gosc. Transl. Mild. 21 p. 184. 3 (in weaving) shuttle. sindonis peplum ex tereti filiorum glomere fusoque netum ~iis [gl.: ~ii dicti quia radendo fiunt, hrislum, islum] stridentibus et pectine pulsante texebatur Aldh. VirgP 38 p. 287; radius, hrisl GlC R 11; stilaque tractari longe telasque, creari / et radios miro telis discurrere giro R. Cant. Malch. III 561; 11‥ ~ium, risle WW Sup. 22. 4 strickle. 1585 ~ius ‥that which bakers use to make their meale measures even: streeke or stritchell OED s. v. strickle 1a. 5 sort of fine instrument, perh. a probe. ~ius est instrumentum subtile quod spatomele dicitur ut in Alexandro Alph. 153. 6 stripe, streak, line (forming part of a pattern). b striped cloth, ray. 1235 j pannus de serico radiatus minutis ~iis variis ‥ j pannus de serico cum latis ~iis croceis et rubeis, indis et viol’ Chanc. Misc. 3/4; c1315 par unum [sc. dalmatica et tunica] de albo panno ‥ cum quatuor ~iis de aurifugiis ante et quatuor retro Invent. Ch. Ch. 57.  b 1265 pro vj. ulnis et dimidia ~ii tincti in grana Manners 25. 7 strip of land, furrow. c1240 dimidia acra et quatuor ~ii ‥ dimidia acra quatuor ~iis minus Reg. Ant. Linc. VII 145; ne ad expedicionem carucariorum per minus amplos ~ios depereat cultura Fleta 162; per ~ium quadratum terram bonam evertant Ib. 163; c1300 ad quendam lapidem stantem qui est in quodam viridi ~io terre in le Crosteflatt Reg. Paisley 102. 8 (her.) arm (of cross). [hujus crucis] ~ius infimus ceteris est extensior, cui cuspis etiam adjungitur qua vel in terra figatur vel manubrii vice commodius elevetur Spelman Asp. 101; [ut] hiatus cum ~ii crucis fatiscunt Ib. 103. 9 kind of fish, ray, skate. defrustrare foro radium vel participare / cum sociis caveas, vel carnis portitor esse D. Bec. 1749; 1280 de quolibet batello portante retias. quatuor retias IMisc 39/24; s1294 tam capita quam caudas milvellorum, congruorum, et ~iorum ad coquinam ‥ conventus veniencium Cart. Chester 633 p. 353; 13‥ piscator ‥ habeat ‥ conchilia, sperlingos ‥ ~eas, mocheos (Nominale) Neues Archiv IV 340.

rădĭus, (10) ĭī, m. ,

I ¶ 1 baguette, piquet : Liv. 33, 5, 11 ; Plin. 10, 117 ¶ 2 baguette du géomètre : Cic. Tusc. 5, 64, v. pulvis ¶ 3 rayon de roue : Plin. 16, 206 ; Curt. 4, 9, 5 ; Virg. En. 6, 616 ; etc. || rayon du cercle : Cic. Tim. 17 ¶ 4 navette de tisserand : Lucr. 5, 1353 ; Virg. En. 9, 476 ; Ov. M. 6, 56 ¶ 5 [zoologie] a) ergot de certains oiseaux, éperon : Plin. 11, 257 ; 30, 97 ; b) épine, dard dʼun poisson : Plin. 9, 155 ¶ 6 [botanique] espèce dʼolive longue : Virg. G. 2, 86 ; Plin. 15, 13 ¶ 7 [anatomie] le radius : Cels. Med. 8, 1.

II [fig.], ¶ 1 rayon projeté par un objet lumineux : Cic. Fin. 5, 71 ; Rep. 6, 17 ¶ 2 rayons de la foudre : Virg. En. 8, 429 ¶ 3 rayons dʼune couronne : Virg. En. 12, 163.

radius , ii. m.
一道光。目看之道。丈量器。圈輻。輪幅條。油果類。梭。斗槪。臂骨條。某魚螫。鷄距。

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radius ī, m

• 2 RAD-, a staff, rod: acuti, stakes, L.—In a wheel, a spoke: hinc radios trivere rotis, V.: inter radios rotarum, Cu.—A geometer's rod, drawing-rod: homunculum a pulvere et radio excitare: Descripsit radio orbem, V.—In weaving, a shuttle: Excussi manibus radii, V.: acuti, O.—In botany, a kind of olive, V.—In a circle, a radius.—Of light, a beam, ray: radii solis: rubescebat radiis mare, V.: cui tempora circum Aurati radii cingunt, i. e. a glory, V.

RADIUS

RA´DIUS

1. A straight pointed rod used by geometricians and astronomers for describing figures on their abacus, a table covered with sand. (Cic. Tusc. 5.2. 3, 64, a pulvere et radio, of Archimedes; cf. Cic. N. D. 2.1. 8, 48, eruditum illum pulverem, of geometry; Pers. 1.131; Aristoph. Nub. 177.) In Verg. Ecl. 3.41, Aen. 6.850, it is probably the actual rod (as above) used for the actual drawing of terrestrial and celestial globes on the abacus, rather than, as Conington says, a mere phrase for scientific delineation. [See also ABACUSIII. a. ]

2. Used in weaving. [TELA]

3. Of a wheel. [CURRUS]

[G.E.M]

Radius

(ῥάβδος). (1) A pointed rod or wand, employed by professors of geometry, astronomy, or mathematics for describing diagrams in sand, etc. (Cic. Tusc. v. 23; Verg. Ecl. iii. 40).

(2) (ἀκτίς). A ray of light, usually represented by artists as a sharp pointed spike; whence corona radiis distincta (Flor. iv. 2, 91), a crown ornamented with metal spikes to imitate the rays of the sun.

(3) (ἀκτίς, κνήμη). The spoke of a wheel (Verg. Georg. ii. 444; Ovid, Met. ii. 318); so termed because it radiates from the nave, like a ray of light from a centre; hence rota radiata (Varro, R. R. iii. 5. 15), a wheel with spokes as contradistinguished from the solid wheel (tympanum), which had none.