supero

numero hostis, virtute Romanus superabat
the enemy had the upper hand in number, the Romans in virtue pars quae sola mei superabit corporis, ossa
the only part of my body which will survive, my bones

superō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: surmount; go over, 6.676; rise above, 2.219; pass by or beyond, 1.244; make one's way through, 8.95; overpower, slay, 1.350; overcome, conquer, 2.311; prevail, 5.22; surmount, 3.368; remain, survive, be still living, 3.339; be left; remain, 12.873; be proud, elated, rejoice, 5.473; superāre ascēnsū, to mount, ascend, 2.303. (super)

sŭpĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [super].

• I Neutr., to go over, to rise above, overtop, surmount.
• • A Lit. (very rare; syn. transcendo): maximo saltu superabit gravidus armatis equus, surmounted, leaped the wall, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 97 Vahl.): sol superabat ex mari, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 41 (365): ripis superat mihi atque abundat pectus laetitia meum, id. ib. 2, 1, 6 (279): jugo superans, passing over the summit, Verg. A. 11, 514: superat agger ad auras, Stat. Th. 4, 458: (angues) superant capite et cervicibus altis, Verg. A. 2, 219. —
  • B Trop. (freq. and class.).
  • • 1 To have the upper hand or superiority, to be superior, to overcome, surpass (syn. vinco): denique nostra superat manus, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 80 (232): quā (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, Caes. B. G. 3, 14; 1, 40: numero militum, Liv. 29, 30, 8; cf.: numero hostis, virtute Romanus superat, id. 9, 32, 7: tantum superantibus malis, id. 3, 16, 4: sorte, id. 38, 36, 10: victor, superans animis, Verg. A. 5, 473: hostes equitatu superare, Nep. Ages. 3, 6: unde salo superant venti, Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 29: superat sententia Sabini, Caes. B. G. 5, 31: si superaverit morbus, Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 3.—
    • 2 To exceed, be in excess, be superfluous; to be abundant, to abound (syn. supersum): in quo et deesse aliquam partem et superare mendosum est, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 83: pecunia superabat? at egebas, id. Or. 67, 224: uter igitur est divitior? cui deest an cui superat? id. Par. 6, 3, 49: quis tolerare potest, illis divitias superare, nobis rem familiarem etiam ad necessaria deesse? Sall. C. 20, 11: cui quamquam virtus, gloria ... superabant, id. J. 64, 1: quae Jugurthae fesso superaverant, had been too much for, id. ib. 70, 2: de eo quod ipsis superat, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42: Quinto delegabo, si quid aeri meo alieno superabit et emptionibus, id. Att. 13, 46, 3: superabat umor in arvis, Lucr. 5, 804: superante multitudine, Liv. 3, 5: cum otium superat, id. 3, 17: num tibi superat superbia? Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 86 (718): gentis superant tibi laudes, Tib. 3, 7, 28: dum superat gregibus juventas, Verg. G. 3, 63: si superant fetus, id. ib. 1, 189: quam facile tunc sit omnia impedire et quam hoc Caesari superet, non te fallit, perh. how exceedingly easy it would have been, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3 dub.—
    • 3 To be left over, to remain, survive (syn. supersum): quae superaverint animalia capta, immolant, Caes. B. G. 6, 17: quod superaret pecuniae, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195: quae arma superabunt, Pompon. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, § 4; Plaut. Truc. 5, 49 (941): nihil ex raptis commeatibus superabat, Liv. 22, 40, 8: pepulerunt jam paucos superantes, id. 22, 49, 5: si de quincunce remota est Uncia, quid superat? Hor. A. P. 328: sex superant versus, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 57: pars quae sola mei superabit corporis, ossa, Tib. 3, 2, 17; Plaut. Truc. prol. 20: superet modo Mantua nobis, Verg. E. 9, 27: uter eorum vitā superarit, whichever survives, Caes. B. G. 6, 19: quae superaverint animalia, id. ib. 6, 17: quid puer Ascanius? superatne et vescitur aurā? Verg. A. 3, 339: captae superavimus urbi, id. ib. 2, 643; Liv. 29, 7, 7: quid igitur superat, quod purgemus? id. 45, 24, 1.—
• II Act., to go or pass over, rise above; to mount, ascend; to surmount, overtop.
• • A Lit.
  • • 1 In gen.: in altisono Caeli clipeo temo superat Stellas, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 73 Müll. (Vahl. Enn. p. 119, om. stellas): tempestas summas ripas fluminis superavit, Caes. B. C. 1, 48: ventosum aequor, Ov. Ib. 591: fluvium, Luc. 4, 150: mare, Sen. Herc. Oet. 128: pedibus salsas lacunas, Lucr. 3, 1031: munitiones, Liv. 5, 8, 10: quas (Alpes) nullā dum viā superatas, id. 5, 34, 6; 21, 26, 4; 21, 30, 5; 21, 38, 1; 23, 45, 3: Tauro monte superato, id. 35, 13, 4: montes, Verg. G. 3, 270: Alpes cursu, Luc. 1, 183: immensa montium juga, Plin. Pan. 81, 1: Caucasum, Curt. 7, 3, 22: hoc jugum, Verg. A. 6, 676: fossas, id. ib. 9, 314: summi fastigia tecti Ascensu, id. ib. 2, 303; cf.: caprae gravido superant vix ubere limen, id. G. 3, 317: retia saltu (vulpes), Ov. M. 7, 767: tantum itineris, to traverse, pass over, Tac. Agr. 33: regionem castrorum, to go past or beyond, Caes. B. C. 1, 69; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43: insidias circa ipsum iter locatas, Liv. 2, 50, 6: collocatur in eo turris tabulatorum quae superaret fontis fastigium, but so as to overtop, command, Hirt. B. G. 8, 41: superat (Parnassus) cacumine nubes, Ov. M. 1, 317.—
    • 2 In partic.
    • • a Naut. t. t., to sail by or past a place, a promontory, etc.; to double or weather a point, etc.; promontorium, Lucil. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 244; Auct. B. Afr. 62, 3; Liv. 26, 26, 1; 30, 25, 6; 31, 23, 3; Tac. A. 15, 46 et saep.: Euboeam, Nep. Them. 3, 3: cursu Isthmon, Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 5: intima Regna Liburnorum et fontem Timavi, Verg. A. 1, 244 Serv.— Poet., transf.: musarum scopulos, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 223 Vahl.).—
      • b To rise above, exceed in height: ut alibi umbilico tenus aqua esset, alibi genua vix superaret, Liv. 36, 45, 9; cf.: posterior partes superat mensura priores, i. e. exceeds in size, Ov. M. 15, 378.—
  • B Trop., to surpass, excel, exceed, outdo, outstrip in any quality, in value, etc.
  • • 1 In gen.: non potest quaestus consistere, si eum sumptus superat, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 74 (283): ne sumptus fructum superet, Varr. R. R. 1, 53: qui omnes homines supero atque antideo cruciabilitatibus animi, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 3 (205): virtute, laude, dignitate, Cic. Planc. 2, 6 sq.: aut ingenio aut fortunā aut dignitate superari, id. Lael. 3, 11: omnes homines constantiā et gravitate, id. Fam. 1, 9, 16: doctrinā Graecia nos et omni litterarum genere superabat, id. Tusc. 1, 1, 3: auctoritatis pondere et utilitatis ubertate, id. de Or. 1, 44, 195; Hirt. B. G. 8, prooem. § 4: aliquem nobilitate, Ov. P. 3, 2, 56: Phoebum superare canendo, Verg. E. 5, 9: omnes scelere, Liv. 29, 8: aliquem dignitate vitae, Nep. Alcib. 11, 2: aliquem ingenio, id. Dion, 4, 1: duritiā ferrum, Ov. H. 2, 137: vel cursu superare canem vel viribus aprum, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 51: omnes in ceteris artibus, Nep. Epam. 2, 2: summam spem civium incredibili virtute, Cic. Lael. 3, 11: non dubitabam, quin hanc epistulam multi nuntii, fama denique esset ipsa tua celeritate superatura, will outstrip, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1.—
    • 2 In partic., in milit. lang., to overcome, subdue, conquer, vanquish (syn. debello): victis hostibus, quos nemo posse superari ratu'st, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 24 (656): armatos ac victores, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: maximas nationes, id. ib. 3, 28; 2, 24: quos integros superavissent, id. B. C. 2, 5: bello superatos esse Arvernos et Rutenos a Q. Fabio Maximo, id. B. G. 1, 45: si Helvetios superaverint Romani, id. ib. 1, 17: Massilienses bis proelio navali superati, id. B. C. 2, 22: clam ferro incautum superat, Verg. A. 1, 350: bello superatus, Ov. M. 12, 364: Asiam bello, Nep. Ages. 4, 3: tota insula in unā urbe superata est, Flor. 2, 6.—
    • • b Transf., in gen.: quem (C. Curium) nemo ferro potuit superare nec auro, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 3, 3, 6 (Ann. v. 220 Vahl.): in quo (genere officii) etiam si multi mecum contendent, omnes facile superabo, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4: si erum videt superare amorem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 7 (593): hanc (orationem) assidua ac diligens scriptura superabit, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: si meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit, id. Cat. 4, 11, 23: injurias fortunae facile veterum philosophorum praeceptis superabat, id. Fin. 4, 7, 17: pareatur necessitati, quam ne dii quidem superant, which even the gods are not above, not superior to, Liv. 9, 4, 16: casus omnes, Verg. A. 11, 244: superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est, id. ib. 5, 710: labores, id. ib. 3, 368: difficultates omnes, Vell. 2, 120, 4: cum incedendi nimietate jam superarer, Amm.19, 8, 6.
• —Hence, sŭpĕrans, antis, P. a. *
• • A Rising high, prominent, high, lofty: mons superantissimus, Sol. 2 med.—*
  • B Prevailing, predominant: superantior ignis, Lucr. 5, 394.

supero, āvi, ātum, āre (super), I) intr. oben sein; dah. 1) hervorragen, hervorkommen, a) eig.: commodum radiosus ipse (al. sese) superabat ex mari, Plaut.: superant capite et cervicibus altis, Verg. – b) übtr.: α) als milit. t.t. die Oberhand haben, Sieger sein od. bleiben, obsiegen, virtute facile, Caes.: equitatu, Nep.: per biduum equestri proelio, Caes.: navibus, Auct. b. Alex.: non minus consilio quam gladio, Caes.: cum aliis partibus multitudo superaret Latinorum, die L. durch ihr Übergewicht siegten, Liv. – β) in anderen Beziehungen übtr., die Oberhand haben, obsiegen superat sententia Sabini, Caes.: superavit morbus, Plin. ep.: tantum superantibus malis, überwiegend waren, Liv.: totidem formā superante iuvencae, von überwiegender (unvergleichlicher) Schönheit, Verg. – γ) der Zahl nach überlegen sein, superante multitudine, Liv.: u. cum aliis partibus multitudo superaret Romanorum, Liv. – 2) übrig sein, d.i. a) überflüssig-, sehr häufig dasein, reichlich vorhanden sein, partem superare mendosum est, Cic.: de eo, quod ipsis superat, Cic.: divitiae superant, Sall.: cum otium superat, Liv. – b) übrig sein, übrig bleiben, noch vorhanden sein, quid superat? Hor.: si quod superaret pecuniae rettulisses, Cic.: quae Iugurthae superaverant, Sall.: quae humana superant, Sall. fr.: nihil ex raptis superabat, Liv.: aliquot horis die superante, Liv. – bes. (mit u. poet. ohne vitā) = am Leben bleiben od. sein, uter eonim vitā superavit, Caes.: superet coniunxne Crëusa? Verg.: superatne? et vescitur aurā? Verg.: m. Dat., überleben, captae superavimus urbi, Verg. Aen. 2, 643. – c) zuviel sein, quae Iugurthae fesso aut maioribus astricto superaverant, die (auszuführen) dem Jug. zuviel gewesen waren, Sall. Iug. 70, 2. – d) überwallen, victor superans animis, mit überwallendem Mute, Verg. Aen. 5, 473. – II) tr.: 1) über etw. kommen, -gehen, -fahren, -schwimmen, etw. überschreiten, übersteigen, summas ripas fluminis, vom Regenwasser, Caes.: Alpes, Liv.: montes, iuga, fossas, Verg.: regionem, Cic.: retia saltu, überspringen, Ov.: alqd ascensu, ersteigen, Verg. – dah. übtr.: a) übersteigen, überragen, turris superat fontis fastigium, Caes.: superant cacumina nubes, Ov.: alqd mensurā, Ov. – b) übersteigen = übertreffen, ne sumptus fructum superet, Varro r.r. 1, 53. – 2) vor etwas vorbeikommen, a) eig.: promunturium, Liv.: Euboeam, Nep.: insidias, Liv.: Musarum scopulos, Enn. fr. – b) übtr.: α) v. Tönen, über etw. hinausdringen, clamor superat inde castra hostium, Liv. 3, 28, 3. – β) etwas übertreffen, omnes in re, Cic.: alqm doctrinā, Cic.: omnes scelere, Liv.: ut (Piraei portus) ipsam urbem dignitate ae quiperaret, utilitate superaret, Nep. – γ) zuvorkommen, etsi non dubitabam, quin hanc epistulam multi nuntii, fama denique esset ipsa suā celeritate superatura, Cic. ad Q. fr. 1, 1 in. – δ) überwinden, überwältigen, αα) jmd. im Kampfe = besiegen, hostes, Plaut. u. Hirt. b.G.: alcis ductu hostes, Caes.: Mysios, Sall.: Mithridatem, Cic.: exercitus validissimos, Eutr.: clam ferro incautum, Verg.: bello Arvernos et Rutenos, Caes.: Asiam bello, Nep.: hostes proelio, Caes.: eas omnes copias a se uno proelio pulsas ac superatas esse, Caes.: Persas acie e suis esse superatos, Curt.: superati virtute illius, Curt. ββ) – überwinden, überwältigen, über etw. obsiegen, die Oberhand behalten, alqm dolis, Plaut.: alqm donis, besänftigen, Verg.: morbus haud saepe quemquam superat, Sall.: quorum fletu et desperatione superatus (erweicht), Eutr. – lebl. Objj., bes. Zustände, casus omnes, Verg.: haec omnia (näml. Kälte, Stürme usw.), Caes.: vim tempestatis labore et perseverantiā, Caes.: si vera et honesta flagitium superaverit, Sall. fr.: falsa vita moresque mei superant, widerlegen schlagend, Sall.: iniurias fortunae facile veterum philosophorum praeceptis, Cic.

sŭpĕrō, (7) āvī, ātum, āre (super),

I intr., ¶ 1 sʼélever au-dessus : capite Virg. En. 2, 219, dépasser de la tête ¶ 2 [fig.] a) être supérieur, avoir le dessus, lʼemporter : virtute nostri milites superabant Cæs. G. 3, 14, nos soldats lʼemportaient par la vaillance, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 40, 6 ; 1, 40, 7 ; Nep. Ages. 3, 6 ; Liv. 9, 32, 7 ; 29, 30, 8 ; superat sententia Sabini Cæs. G. 5, 31, 3, lʼavis de Sabinus prévaut ; b) être en abondance, à profusion, surabonder ; pecunia superabat Cic. Or. 224, lʼargent abondait ; uter est divitior ? cui deest an cui superat ? Cic. Par. 49, lequel des deux est le plus riche ? celui qui nʼa pas assez ou celui qui a de reste ; alicui divitiæ superant Sall. C. 20, 11, qqn regorge de richesses, cf. Sall. J. 64, 1 ; de eo quod ipsis superat aliis gratificari volunt Cic. Fin. 5, 42, ils veulent sur ce quʼils ont de trop faire des cadeaux aux autres ; c) être de reste, rester : si quod superaret pecuniæ rettulisses Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 195, si tu avais rapporté lʼexcédent de lʼargent ; quæ Jugurthæ superaverant Sall. J. 70, 2, ce qui pour Jugurtha était de reste [restait à faire] ; si de quincunce remota est uncia, quid superat ? Hor. P. 328, si de cinq onces il est retiré une once, que reste-t-il ? nihil ex raptis commeatibus superabat Liv. 22, 40, 8, il ne restait rien des approvisionnements pillés ; aliquot horis die superante Liv. 29, 7, 7, le jour étant en excès dʼun certain nombre dʼheures, plusieurs heures avant la fin du jour || uter eorum vita superavit Cæs. G. 6, 19, 2, celui des deux qui survit ; [poét.] captæ superavimus urbi Virg. En. 2, 643, nous avons survécu à la prise de la ville.

II tr., ¶ 1 aller au-delà, dépasser, franchir : summas ripas fluminis Cæs. C. 1, 48, 2, dépasser les rives les plus élevées du fleuve, cf. Cæs. C. 1, 69, 3 ; Cic. Tusc. 1, 43 ; Tauro monte superato Liv. 35, 13, 4, ayant franchi le mont Taurus ; turris, quæ superare fontis fastigium posset Hirt. G. 8, 41, 5, une tour qui pût dominer le faîte de la fontaine ¶ 2 doubler un cap : Liv. 26, 26, 1 ; 30, 25, 6 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 46, etc. ¶ 3 [fig.] a) surpasser, dominer, lʼemporter sur : aliquem virtute Cic. Planc. 6, surpasser qqn en vertu, cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 3 ; Fam. 1, 9, 16 ; Nep. Alc. 11, 2, etc.; summam spem civium incredibili virtute Cic. Læl. 11, surpasser par son mérite extraordinaire les plus hautes espérances conçues par ses concitoyens ; celeritate Cic. Q. 1, 1, 1, dépasser en vitesse ; omnes in ceteris artibus Nep. Epam. 2, 2, surpasser tout le monde dans les autres sciences ; falsa vita moresque mei superant Sall. J. 85, 27, le faux, ma vie et mon caractère le réfutent victorieusement [sont au-dessus de la calomnie] ; b) vaincre, triompher de, battre : maximas nationes Cæs. G. 3, 28, battre les plus puissantes nations, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 40, 6, etc. ; bello superati Cæs. G. 1, 45, vaincus à la guerre ; terra marique superati Cic. Cat. 2, 29, vaincus sur terre et sur mer, cf. Cic. Pomp. 55 ; varietates injuriasque fortunæ veterum philosophorum præceptis instituta vita superabat Cic. Fin. 4, 17, une vie formée par les préceptes des anciens philosophes surmontait les vicissitudes et les injustices de la fortune.

supero , as, are. (super.)
勝。超。過。剩。餘。剩活。— regionem bello 戰搶此域。— eum ferro 以刀殺彼。

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superō āvī, ātus, āre

• superus, to go over, rise above, overtop, surmount, transcend: capite et cervicibus, V.: has (turrīs) altitudo puppium ex barbaris navibus superabat, Cs.: ut aqua genua vix superaret, L.: Posterior partīs superat mensura priores, O.—To go over, rise above, mount, ascend, surmount, overtop: ardua montis Per deserta iugo superans, passing over the summit, V.: (tempestas) summas ripas fluminis superavit, Cs.: munitiones, L.: montīs, V.: Caucasum, Cu.: tantum itineris, traverse, Ta.: regionem castrorum, go beyond, Cs.: insidias circa ipsum iter locatas, L.: superant (Parnasi) cacumina nubes, O.—To sail by, pass, double, weather: promunturium, L.: Euboeam, N.: cursu Isthmon, O.: Regna Liburnorum, V.—Poet.: musarum scopulos, Enn. ap. C.—To exceed, be in excess, overrun, be abundant, abound: in quo superare mendosum est: quae Iugurthae fesso superaverant, had been too much for, S.: superante multitudine, L.: superat gregibus dum iuventas, V.: uter igitur est divitior, cui deest an cui superat?—To be left over, remain, survive: quae superaverunt animalia capta, immolant, Cs.: quod superaret pecuniae: nihil ex raptis commeatibus superabat, L.: si de quincunce remota est Uncia, quid superat?H.: vitā, survive, Cs.: Quid puer Ascanius? superatne?V.: quid igitur superat, quod purgemus?L.—In war, to be victorious, overcome, subdue, conquer, vanquish: superavit postea Cinna cum Mario: maximas nationes, Cs.: exercitūs regios: navali praelio superati, Cs.: ferro incautum, V.: bello Asiam, N.— To extend beyond: clamor superat inde castra hostium, L.—Fig., to have the upper hand, be superior, excel, overcome, surpass: numero hostis, virtute Romanus superat, L.: superans animis, i. e. exulting, V.: hostes equitatu superare, N.: superat sententia Sabini, Cs.—To surpass, excel, exceed, outdo, outstrip, transcend: quaerit, quā se virtute Plancius superarit: doctrinā Graecia nos superabat: Phoebum canendo, V.: Duritiā ferrum, O.: cursu canem, H.: non dubitabam, quin hanc epistulam fama esset celeritate superatura, will outstrip. —To master, overcome, suppress, defeat, subdue, surmount: hanc (orationem) diligens scriptura superabit: necessitas quam ne dii quidem superant, to which not even the gods are superior, L.: superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est, V.