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ὄρθιος

ὄρθιος, straight up, going upwards, steep, uphill

ὄρθιος, α, ον, Att. also ος, ον Th. 5.58: (ὀρθός):—
  • straight up, steep, uphill, οἶμος Hes. Op. 290; πάγοι S. Fr. 89; πρόσβασις E. El. 489; ὁδός X. An. 1.2.21, etc.; ὄρθιον ἑτέραν (sc. ὁδὸν) ἐπορεύοντο Th. l.c.; ὄρθιον or πρὸς ὄρθιον ἰέναι march uphill, X. An. 4.6.12, HG 2.4.15; ἡ ἀρετὴ πρὸς ὄρθιον ἄγουσα leading by a steep path, Id. Cyr. 2.2.24; πρὸς ὀρθίῳ on rising ground, opp. ἐν ἐπιπέδῳ, Id. HG 6.4.14; κατὰ τοῦ ὀ. by a steep descent, Arr. An. 1.1.8; τὰ ὄ. the country from the coast upwards, τὰ ἐς μεσόγαιαν φέροντα, Hdt. 4.101.
      • 2 upright, standing, ὄ. ἦν τὰ γέρρα Id. 9.102; πύργοι E. Andr. 10; esp. of hair, ὀ. στῆσαι τρίχας S. OC 1624; τριχὸς ὀρθίας πλόκαμος ἵσταται A. Th. 564 (lyr.), cf. E. Hel. 632 (lyr.); also ὄ. ἐφιστὰς τὸ οὖς pricking up the ear, Luc. Tim. 23; of animals, rampant, Pi. P. 10.36.
    • II of the voice, high-pitched, shrill, κελεύματα A. Ch. 751; κωκύματα S. Ant. 1206; κηρύγματα Id. El. 683, Ichn. 40; ὀρθία σάλπιγγος ἠχώ E. Tr. 1266: more freq. the neut. as Adv., ἤϋσε . . ὄρθια she cried aloud, Il. 11.11 (not found elsewh. in Hom.); ἰάχησε δʼ ἄρʼ ὄρθια φωνῇ h.Cer. 20, cf. 432; so ὄρθιον ὤρυσαι, φωνεῖν, Pi. O. 9.109, N. 10.76; ὄρθιον ἀντηλάλαξε . . ἠχώ A. Pers. 389; ἐσήμηνʼ ὄρθιον σάλπιγγι E. Heracl. 830.
      • 2 νόμος ὄ. a traditional melody of very high pitch (cf. Arist. Pr. 920b20), Hdt. 1.24, Ar. Eq. 1279, etc.: pl., ὀρθίοις ἐν νόμοις A. Ag. 1153 (lyr.); also ὁ ὄρθιος alone, Ar. Ach. 16, etc., cf. Sapph. 44.32 L.-P.; μελῳδία ὄ. Plu. Mus. 2.1140f.
        • b ὄρθιος, ὁ, metrical foot having an arsis of four morae and a thesis of eight morae, Aristid.Quint. 1.16, 2.15, Plu. Mus. 2.1140f (but differently defined at Bacch. Harm. 101); of a melody, written in such a rhythm, τῆς ὀρθίου μελῳδίας ibid. [edited from Supp.]
    • III in military language, formed in column, opp. in line or extended front, ὀ. ποιεῖσθαι τοὺς λόχους X. Cyr. 3.2.6, cf. An. 4.8.10; προσβάλλειν ὀ. τοῖς λόχοις ib. 4.2.11; ἄγειν τοὺς λόχους ὀ. bring them up in column, ib. 4.3.17; προῆγεν [αὐτοὺς] ὀ. ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους Plb. 11.23.2, cf. Polyaen. 5.16.1.
        • b of stones in building, engaged lengthwise in the wall, i.e. with only the short sides showing, headers (opp. stretchers) τιθέντας τοὺς λίθους ὀρθίους ἐν γύψῳ Ph. Bel. 80.21.
    • IV generally, like ὀρθός, straight, opp. crooked, φλέψ Hp. Aph. 5.68, Gal. 11.218; ἴχνος X. Cyn. 6.14, 15; τάφροι Thphr. CP 3.6.3; opp. πλάγιος, κάλαμοι Aen.Tact. 32.2: metaph., ἤθη ὄ. straight-forwardness, Plu. Sull. 1; ὄ. καὶ αὐθέκαστος Id. Cat.Ma. 6.
    • V ὀρθία (sc. γωνία) a right angle, Id. Isid. 2.373f.
      • 2 -ία, ἡ, latus rectum of a conic, Apollon.Perg. 1.11, al.
      • 3 ὀ. διάμετρος conjugate diameter of a two-branched curve, Id. 1Def. 1, al.
    • VI Ὄρθιος, epith. of Asclepius, IG 42(1).459 (Epid.).

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