arca

arca, ae, f. [arceo: arca et arx quasi res secretae, a quibus omnes arceantur, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 262; v. arceo], a place for keeping any thing, a chest, box.

• I Lit.
• • A In gen.: arca vestiaria, Cato R. R. 11, 3: ex illā oleā arcam esse factam eoque conditas sortes, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86; Suet. Tib. 63: arca ingens variorum venenorum plena, id. Calig. 59 al.—Very freq.,
  • B Esp.,
  • • 1 A box for money, a safe, a coffer, and particularly of the rich, and loculi was their purse, porte-monnaie, while sacculus was the pouch of the poor, Juv. 1, 89 sq.; 11, 26; cf. id. 10, 25; 14, 259 Ruperti, and Cat. 13, 8; Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.: populus me sibilat: at mihi plaudo Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arcā, Hor. S. 1, 1, 67.—Hence, meton., like our purse, for the money in it: arcae nostrae confidito, rely upon my purse, Cic. Att. 1, 9; id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 12; id. Par. 6, 1; Cat. 23, 1; Col. 3, 3, 5; 8, 8, 9; Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 8; Sen. Ep. 26 fin.— Hence, ex arcā absolvere aliquem, to pay in cash upon the spot (opp. de mensae scripturā absolvere), Ter. Ad. 277 Don.; cf. id. Phorm. 922 Don., and arcarius.—And of public money, state treasure, revenues (late Lat.): frumentaria, Dig. 50, 4, 1, § 2: vinaria, Symm. Ep. 10, 42 al.—
    • 2 A coffin (cf. Smith, Dict. Antiq.), Liv. 40, 29; cf. Plin. 13, 13, 27, § 85; Val. Max. 1, 1: cadavera Conservus vili portanda locabat in arcā, Hor. S. 1, 8, 9; Luc. 8, 736; Dig. 11, 7; Inscr. Orell. 3560; 4429.—
• II Transf. Of any thing in the form of a box or chest.
• • A Noah's ark (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Gen. 6, 14 sqq.; ib. Matt. 24, 38; ib. Heb. 11, 7 al.—
  • B In Jewish antiq., the Ark of the Covenant (eccl. Lat.): arca foederis, Vulg. Deut. 10, 8: arca foederis Domini, ib. Num. 10, 33: arca testimonii, ib. Exod. 26, 34: arca testamenti, ib. Heb. 9, 4: arca testamenti Dei, ib. Jer. 3, 16: arca Domini, ib. Jos. 4, 4: arca Dei, ib. 1 Reg. 11, 17; and absol.: arca, ib. Exod. 30, 6; ib. Deut. 10, 5.—
  • C A small, close prison, a cell: (Servi) in arcas coniciuntur, ne quis cum iis colloqui possit, Cic. Mil. 22 fin.; cf. Fest. p. 264 Müll. —
  • D In mechanics, the water-box of a hydraulic machine, Vitr. 10, 13.—
  • E A watercistern, a reservoir, Vitr. 6, 3.—
• F A quadrangular landmark; cf. Scriptt. Agrim. pp. 119, 222, 223, 271 Goes.

arca, ae, f. (Stamm ARC, wov. auch arceo), I) ein Behältnis zum Verschließen, der Kasten, die Kiste, Lade, 1) im allg.: vestiaria, Cato: ex illa olea arcam esse factam eoque conditas sortes, Cic.: arca ingens variorum venenorum plena, Suet. – 2) insbes.: a) die Totenlade, der Sarg, operculum arcae, Liv.: arca lapidea, Liv.: angustis eiecta cadavera cellis conservus portanda locabat in arca, Hor. – b) der große, mit Metall beschlagene Geldkasten, worin die Reichen ihr Geld verwahrten u. den sie sich von Sklaven auf das Forum od. zu Spielbanken nachtragen ließen, um Geschäfte zu machen, od. die Kasse beim Wechsler (auf dem Forum) zu deponieren, die Kasse, Schatulle (hingegen sind loculi, crumena kleinere Geldkassen, wie sacculus das Geldsäckchen der Armen; vgl. die Auslgg. zu Iuven. 10, 25 u. 14, 259), arca aerata, ferrata, Iuven.: alienā arcā, auf fremde Unkosten, Iuven.: multum differt, in arcane positum sit argentum, an in tabulis debeatur, Cic.: mihi plaudo ipse domi, simulac nummos contemplor in arca, Hor. – meton., die Kasse = das Geld im Kasten, arcae nostrae confidito, Cic.: ex arca domoque od. domo ex arca numerare pecuniam, auf der Stelle bar bezahlen (Ggstz. de mensae scriptura absolvere), Donat. ad Ter.: später bes. auch die kaiserliche Kasse, arca fisci, Lampr.: die Staatseinkünfte, kaiserl. Revenüen, frumentaria, ICt.: vinaria, Symm. – II) von allem, was die Form eines Kastens hat: 1) die Arche Noahs, Lact. 2, 13, 2. Sulp. Sev. chron. 1, 3, 2. Vulg. genes. 6, 14 sqq. u.a., vollst. arca Noë, Gromat. vet. 373, 6. – 2) die Bundeslade, Sulp. Sev. chron. 1, 30, 4; 1, 31, 3. Vulg. exod. 25, 10 sqq. u.a.: vollst. arca foederis, Vulg. deut. 10, 8; 31, 9 u.a., u. testamenti, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 12. Gromat. vet. 373, 4. Vulg. 4. Esdr. 10, 22, u. arca domini, Vulg. Ios. 4, 4 u.a., u. arca dei, Sulp. Sev. 1, 37, 4. Vulg. 1. Sam. 3, 3 u.a. – 3) eine kleine, enge Gefangenenzelle, der Kasten, Cic. Mil. 61: arcae robustae, Paul. ex Fest. 264, 12. – 4) die Wasserlade in der Wasserorgel, Vitr. 10, 8 (13), 1 sqq. – 5) Sammelkasten des Wassers, Wasserfang, Vitr. 6, 3, 2. – 6) ein viereckiges Grenzzeichen, Gromat. vet. 227, 14 u.a.

1 arca [CL; cf. OF arche] 1 casket, coffer, strong-box. b coffer containing Jewish bonds (starrs). c (fig.) repository. ~arum clustella reserantur Aldh. VirgP 42; ~a libraria Id. Aen. 89 tit.; sit thesaurus tuus ecclesia et ornamenta illius non archa singularis Alcuin Ep. 282; ~a vel scrinium, scrin Ælf. Gl.; 1161 ad conducendum ~am de Winton’ ad Lond’ Pipe 56; 1180 in custamento ducendi archam monetariorum Pipe 136; thecam obfirmatam archa reposuit et ‥ arche clavem secum asportavit T. Mon. Will. V 10; 1201 fregerunt archam ipsius A. ‥ et in roberia ceperunt scrinium suum SelPlCrown 60; 1240 peccunia ‥ apud prioratum S. Frideswyde ‥ in archa communi ‥ reponatur StatOx 75; 1249 nec archam habeant nec clavem Doc. Eng. Black Monks 38; ~a jam facta, si resolvatur et iterum conjungantur partes, eadem ~a erit Bacon Maj. II 549; 1446 j magna archa cum ferro ligata Feod. Durh. 191n.  b 1194 altera pars [cirograffi] remaneat in ~a communi, in qua sunt tres serrure (Capitula Judeorum) R. Howd. III 266; 1230 versus predictos Judeos ipsum H. inde quietum esse faciatis; cartas etiam et pedes cyrographorum ‥ ab archa extrahi et ei deliberari faciatis Cl 439; 1237 de ‥ debitis ‥ in quibus ‥ alicui Judeo tenebatur per archam domini regis apud Eboracum Couch. Furness II 448; 1239 quod custodes †archiarum Londoniarum ‥ amoveantur et ‥ eligantur duo alii de legalibus et discretioribus Christianis et duo alii de legalibus Judeis Londoniarum quibus archa committatur custodienda (Lit. Regis) Leg. Ant. Lond. 237; 1244 archa cyrographorum Londonie SelPlJews 8; 1272 archa Judeorum Ib. 66.  c 804 melius est te Deum habere in archa cordis quam aurum in archa cubilis Alcuin Ep. 282; c1170 hoc igitur memori figatur pectoris area (R. Partes Henr.) Speculum XII 244; s1389 perfidie promptuarium, sentina avaricie, ‥ ~a malicie, ‥ Michael atte Pole Wals. HA II 187. 2 a receptacle for flour etc. (esp. in mill). b ‘trunk’ for catching fish. c (?) chest used in making breakwater. a 1320 j archa ad bultandum Rec. Leic. I 376; 1320 in clavis ferreis pro reparacione arche farinalis KR Ac 482/1 m. 5d. (cf. ib.: in j serrura pendente empta pro archa multure;‥ pro reparacione arche aquatice); 1373 de A. Milner pro ~a pro multura reservata asportata de molendino Hal. Durh. 122; 1384 unum spowte per quod farrina descendit a molar' in ~am multure DL MinAc 507/8228 m. 16.  b 1297 de j d. ‥ pro quadam ~a ponenda in aqua domini Ac. Cornw I 48; 1336 de ~is anguillarum Cal. Scot. III 331; 1454 licenciam ‥ piscandi per ~as, recia aut alia instrumenta Inchaffray 145.  c 1394 archas omnes pro portu ordinatas ‥ implebunt et locabunt ac lapidibus onerabunt Reg. Aberbr. II 41. 3 sarcophagus or reliquary. cujus corpus ‥ adposuerunt desuper ~am in qua incorrupta ejusdem patris membra locaverant (V. Cuthb.) Bede HE IV 28; incenset ‥ ~am in qua continentur reliquie Offic. Sal. 25. 4 (bibl.): a Noah’s ark. b ark of the Covenant. a de mundis [animalibus] septena septena ‥ bicameratam et tricameratam leguntur ~am gregatim ingressa Aldh. Met. 2 p. 63 (cf. Gerv. Tilb. I 24); cum cuncta animantium semina in arca conclusa fuerint Gir. TH II 16; omnium mortalium finis ‥ preter eos qui salvandi erant in archa Canon. G. Sempr. 79; anno vite Noe c, inundante diluvio, cum septem animabus archam intravit M. Par. Maj. I 4; o libri! ‥ vos [estis] ~a Noe et scala Jacob R. Bury Phil. 1. 29; 1395 per hunc cubitum [geometralem] archa Noe fabricata est Mem. York I 142.  b veluti Oza ~am testamenti ‥ contingere non metuens Aldh. VirgP 45; arca Dei ‥ / ducta per Azotos Id. VirgV 1358; [Levite] portabant ~am federis Ad. Scot TT 657; arca Philisteis cessit Garl. Tri. Eccl. 25; ‘tollite librum istum et ponite illum in latere ~e federis Domini’ [Deut. xxxi 26]. O locus idoneus et bibliothece conveniens! R. Bury Phil. 17. 227.

2 arca v. arcus(4)

1 arca, (11) æ, f. ¶ 1 coffre, armoire : Cato Agr. 11, 3 ; Cic. Div. 2, 86 || [en part.] cassette : Cic. Att. 1, 9, 2 ¶ 2 cercueil : Hor. S. 1, 8, 9 ¶ 3 prison étroite, cellule : Cic. Mil. 60 ¶ 4 citerne, réservoir : Vitr. Arch. 6, 3 ¶ 5 borne de délimitation : Grom. 227, 14.

arca , ae. f.
大箱。柩。銀櫃。房頂板木。 堤。密監牢。

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arca ae, f

• ARC-, a place for safe-keeping, chest, box: ex oleā facta: cui vestis putrescat in arcā, H.—A money-box, coffer, safe: nummos contemplor in arcā, H.: ferrata, an ironed moneychest, Iu.: arcae nostrae confidito, rely upon my purse.—A small prison, cell: in arcas conici.—A coffin, L.—A bier: cadavera locabat in arcā, H.

ARCA

ARCA(λάρναξ, κιβωτός, κυψέλη, in Homer χηλός), a chest or coffer.

1. Greek.

In the Homeric poems, and probably far on into historic times, the armarium, press or cupboard, was unknown to the Greeks; a box was the only depository for valuables. The λάρναξ of Homer was of no great size: the golden λάρναξ in which the ashes of Hector are laid after his funeral is evidently a quite small casket (Il. 24.795); and Hephaestus keeps his blacksmith's tools in a silver one (ib. 18.413). But the Homeric word for the ordinary clothes-chest is χηλός: the outfit of Achilles is a χηλὸς filled by Thetis with costly tunics and rich carpets, and in it he keeps his most precious cup (Il.. 16.221): the presents of Alcinous and his courtiers to Ulysses are similarly packed by Queen Arete and her handmaids, and likewise consist of raiment, gold and silver (Od. 9.424, 438; 13.10, 68).

In the early historic period the chest (κυψέλη) from which Cypselus the tyrant of Corinth (cir. 660 B.C.) derived his name was of cedar inlaid with gold and ivory, and was shown at Olympia more than 800 years later. Pausanias, who describes it minutely (5.17.5 ff.), tells us that it was covered not only with figures but with inscriptions, some written the ordinary way, others βουστροφηδόν, a term he explains. This would seem to show that the inscriptions were of different dates; Pausanias even hints (5.19.10) that they may all have been later than the chest itself.

At Athens, in the time of the Thirty (B.C. 404), money and valuables are kept in a κιβωτὸς in an inner chamber (δωμάτιον, Lys. c. Eratosth. [Or. 12], § 10). Treasure-chests are λάρνακες in Herodotus (Hdt. 3.123).

On Greek vase paintings the λάρναξ or κιβωτὸς is frequently introduced in mythological subjects. In the illustration (from Overbeck, Kunst-Mythologie, Tafel 6.3) a workman is seen in the act of shutting up Danae and the infant Perseus in the λάρναξ: Acrisius stands by. The epithet

δαιδαλέα, in Simonides' famous poem (44, Bergk), is here sufficiently explained.

[W.W] 2. Roman. 2. Roman.

The arca was a chest or coffer in which the Romans were accustomed to place valuables (arca vestiaria, Cato, Agr. 11, 3; cf. Suet. Cal. 59, Tib. 63), but was more particularly the chest in which money was kept (Varr. L. L. 5.182; Hor. Sat. 1.1, 67 ; Catull. 23.1). It stood in the atrium of the house (Serv. ad Verg. A. 1.730, 9.648-Z2), and was made either of iron (Appian, App. BC 4.44), or of wood bound with iron or bronze (ferrata, Juven. 11.26; aerata, id. 14.259). Its size may be inferred from the story of the proscript who remained concealed for several days in the iron area of his libertus (Appian, l. c.; Dio Cass.; Suet. Oct. 27). It is opposed to the smaller loculi (Juven. 1.89, 90) and sacculus of the poor (Juven. 11.26). These arcae were so common that the word is used as equivalent to money (Cic. Att. 1.9; Plin. Ep. 3.19. 8); and ex area solvere or persolvere means to pay in ready money (Donat. ad Ter. And. 2.4, 13; Phorm. 5.8, 29). The arca was under the care of the porter (atriensis), and in great houses an arcarius had the charge of it, and made the disbursements (Dig. 40, tit. 5, s. 41.17). In inscriptions (Orelli, 2890) we find a servus arcarius in the imperial palace. Two arcae have been found in a house at Pompeii (one of which is figured below), backed into a pillar of the atrium; they were slightly raised from the floor by a ledge of brickwork, but kept firm by a strong nail passing through the bottom of each into the floor. (Niccolini, Case di Pomp. pl. xxxiii. apud Daremberg and Saglio, s. v.) Bronze plates (crustae) belonging to an arca were also found in the quaestor's house in Pompeii (Becker-Göll, Gallus, 2. p. 360 seq.).

Roman Arca or Treasure-chest. (From Pompeii.)

ARCA PUBLICA, or simply ARCAwas the treasury of the municipal towns, whether coloniae, municipia, or praefecturae: the name frequently occurs in inscriptions (Orelli, Inscr. 1760). The name was also applied to the treasury of a collegium, such as that of the Pontifices (Orelli, 2145, 4549), of the Vestals (1175), of the Seviri Augustales (2258), &c. In Rome, under the empire, the area publica signified the city-funds, which were distinct from the aerarium and the fiscus, and the administration of which belonged to the Senate (Vopisc. Aurel. 20). Subsequently it formed a department of the fiscus, and was divided into several departments, whence we read of an area frumentaria, area olearia, area vinaria, &c. (Symm. Ep. 10.33, 42; Cassiod. 2.42; Dig. 50, tit. 4, s. 1). The arcarius was a financial officer in the municipal towns and the provinces, whose name constantly occurs in inscriptions. (See Index to Orelli, Inscr.) Thus we find mention of the area Galliarum, the provincial chest. (Marquardt, Röm. Staatsv. i. pp. 119, 370.)

3. coffin.

ARCAthe coffin, usually of stone, more commonly called sarcophagus, but sometimes of common material (vili in arca, Hor. Sat. 1.1, 9), in which the body was buried. (Liv. 40.29, 3; Lucan (Luc. 8.736; Plin. Nat.13.84; Val. Max., n. 12; Aur. Vict. 42; Dig. 11, tit. 7, s. 7; Orelli, Inscr. 3560, 4396.)

4. Cell for prisoners.

ARCAa strong cell, made of oak, in which criminals and slaves were confined (Cic. Mil. 22, 60: Fest. s. v. Robum).

[W.S]

Arca

(κιβωτός). A chest or coffer, is used in several significations, of which the principal are: (1) A chest in which the Romans were accustomed to place their money; and the phrase ex arca solvere had the meaning of paying in ready money. These chests were either made of or bound with iron or other metals. The term arcae was usually applied to the chests in which the rich kept their money, and was opposed to the smaller loculi, sacculus, and crumena.

(2) The arca was frequently used in later times as equivalent to the fiscus—that is, the imperial treasury. See aerarium; fiscus.

(3) The arca also signified the coffin in which persons were buried, or the bier on which the corpse was placed previously to burial.

(4) It was also a strong cell made of oak, in which criminals and slaves were confined.