decuria
decuria, a division of ten, decuria, decade
- a division consisting of ten, a company of ten, a tithing: decuria, decade, Gr. δεκάς (cf. Eng. dozen). Thus Romulus, acc. to Dion. Hal. 2, 7, p. 82 d, formed out of the thirty curiae 300 δεκάδας (gentes), v. 2. decurio init. So, too, in agriculture: classes etiam non majores quam denum hominum faciundae, quas decurias appellaverunt antiqui, Col. 1, 9, 7; cf. Gell. 18, 7; Sen. Ep. 47, 7; Vitr. 7, 1, 3. Of things: pellium tentoriarum, Valerian. ap. Trebell. Claud. 14.—
- II In gen. (cf. centuria), a division, company, class, most freq. of the decuriae of the judges (three, till the time of Augustus, who added a fourth, and Caligula a fifth), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, 79 fin.; id. Phil. 1, 8; 13, 2, 3; id. Clu. 37, 103; Suet. Aug. 32; id. Calig. 16; Quint. 4, 2, 45; Inscr. Orell. 3877; 3155 sq. al.: equitum, Suet. Tib. 41: scribarum, id. Claud. 1; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79: VIATORIA, Inscr. Orell. 4076; 2204 al. Said jocosely of a party of boon companions, association, club, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 62 (142); Caecil. ap. Non. 139, 19 (Com. 15 Ribb.).
†~io [? l. ~ia ], numerus decem hominum
[Alfredus ] primus terram in ‥ comitatus, comitatus vero in centurias ‥ et [centurias ] in ~ias, quas nunc tithingas vel thrithingas vocamus, distribuebat
[Alvredus ] centurias, quas dicunthundrez , et ~ias, quas vocantthethingas , instituit
- 1. decuria, afdeling van tien personen;
- 2. alg. afdeling [senatoria groep rechters uit de senatorenstand; lictorum];
- 3. (Plaut.) (scherts.) eetgezelschap.
In arboribus... faciat tres Decurias, quæ vocantur Characteres.Lex Bajwar. tit. 11. cap. 3. § 2 :
Si hæc signa defuerint, tunc in arboribus notas, quas Decoreas vocant, convenit observare.Quæ totidem verbis habentur in Lege Wisig. lib. 10. tit. 3. § 3. At in Lege Bajuwar. Edit. Heroldi cap. 15. tit. 3. § 2. sic habetur :
Si hæc signa defuerint, tunc in arborum notis, quas Decorticatas vocant, convenit observare, etc.
Decoreas, tit. 11. cap. 3. § 2.
Aut arbores terminales quæ Decoreas accipiunt ;al.
Decurias.
Terminat prædictus alodis de una parte ad molinos Gualampadi, qui sunt serti in ripa Urbione, ubi signa supraposita atque Decurias... et sic vadit ad ilicem, ubi factæ sunt Decuriæ.
Decussum et Decumvocant Gromatici Auctor incertus :
Terminus si Decum X. habuerit quadrifinium exponet.Innocentius habet,
Decus et plumbum et quaternarios et calcem. Petræ Decussatæ, lapis Decussatus, apud Siculum Flaccum.
Decusaeadem notione non semel habetur in Charta edita a Mabillonio lib. 6. de Re Diplomat. pag. 464. Vide Dextri.
Decuriæ pellium tintoriarum triginta, in Epistola Valeriani apud Pollionem in Claudio, sunt fasciculi decem pellibus constantes. Vide Dacra.
- decem; cf. centuria, a division of ten, decuria, decade: hence, in gen., a division, company, class, decuria(of judges, summoned by the praetor to try causes): iudicum: senatoria: tertia equitum, Ta.
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…quidem et verecundas, ut haberet Galliam ultimam, aptissimam ad bellum renovandum instruendumque provinciam ; ut alaudae in tertia decuria iudicarent, id est ut perfugium scelerum esset quam turpissimis rei publicae sordibus ; ut acta sua rata essent ,…
Cicero, Philippicae
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…de notis iudicibus dixi quos minus nostis nolui nominare saltatores, citharistas, totum denique comissationis Antonianae chorum in tertiam decuriam iudicum scitote esse coniectum. en causam cur lex tam egregia tamque praeclara maximo imbri, tempestate, ventis ,…
Cicero, Philippicae
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…edicto iudicium in octuplum. quid Apronius non recusat. quid praetor iubet recuperatores reicere. decurias scribamus. quas decurias de cohorte mea reicies, inquit. quid ista cohors quorum hominum est Volusi haruspicis et Corneli medici et horum…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…Curtium, iudicem quaestionis suae ; cui ego nisi vi populi atque hominum clamore atque convicio restitissem, ex hac decuria vestra, cuius mihi copiam quam largissime factam oportebat, quos iste adnuerat in suum consilium sine causa subsortiebatur .…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…arator nihil nisi ex edicto iudicium in octuplum. quid Apronius non recusat. quid praetor iubet recuperatores reicere. decurias scribamus. quas decurias de cohorte mea reicies, inquit. quid ista cohors quorum hominum est Volusi haruspicis et…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…velit. scelerum magnitudo, conscientia maleficiorum, direptio eius pecuniae cuius ratio in aede Opis confecta est hanc tertiam decuriam excogitavit ; nec ante turpes iudices quaesiti quam honestis iudicibus nocentium salus desperata est. sed illud os, illam…
Cicero, Philippicae
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…, si placet, noli hos colligere, qui nummulis corrogatis de nepotum donis ac de scaenicorum corollariis, cum decuriam emerunt, ex primo ordine explosorum in secundum ordinem civitatis se venisse dicunt. Eos scribas tecum disceptatores huius criminis…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…seditiosis et turbulentis adduxerat. Vno iudicio multa est ab eo petita, sicut ab Iunio, quod non suae decuriae munere neque ex lege sedisset. Paulo sedatiore tempore est accusatus quam Iunius, sed eadem fere lege et crimine…
Cicero, pro Cluentio
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…O contumeliosum honorem eis quos ad iudicandum nec opinantis vocatis hic enim est legis index ut ei res in tertia decuria iudicent qui libere iudicare non audeant. in quo quantus error est, di immortales eorum qui istam legem excogitaverunt…
Cicero, Philippicae
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…reum absolutum, a quo pecuniam acceperit, condemnet pecuniamque non reddat hunc hominem in iudicum numero habebimus hic alteram decuriam senatoriam iudex obtinebit hic de capite libero iudicabit huic iudicialis tabella committetur quam iste non modo cera, verum etiam…
Cicero, in Verrem
DECU´RIAfrom decem, ten, and consequently a company of ten persons (Colum. 1.9.7; Gell. 18.7).
1. A division of the curiae. Each of the three ancient Roman tribes--the Ramnes, Tities, and Luceres--was divided into ten curiae, and each curia into ten decuriae, so that there were 300 decuriae, which, according to Niebuhr, were equivalent to the gentes, but this is doubtful (Dionys. 2.7.; Plut. Rom. 20; Cic. de Rep. 2.8). [GENS] The constitution of the curiae is discussed under CURIA
2. A corresponding division of the senate. The original hundred members of the senate were divided into ten decuriae, the heads of each decuria forming the Decem Primi in the senate (Liv. 1.17; cf. Ov. Fast. 3.127). [SENATUS] In like manner in the municipal towns the senate, usually called curia, was divided into decuriae. [DECURIONES]
3. In the same way for military purposes each of the three Roman tribes was represented by 100 equites, called centuriae. The three centuriae were divided into ten turmae, each consisting of thirty men; every turma contained ten Ramnes, ten Tities, and ten Luceres, and each of these decuriae was commanded by a decurio (Liv. 1.13; Varr. L. L. 5.91; Fest. p. 71, M.; Serv. ad Verg. A. 5.560). [EQUITES]
4. The Judices were divided into three decuriae, to which Augustus added a fourth, and Caligula a fifth decuria (Plin. Nat.33.30foll.; Suet. Aug. 22; Calig. 16). For details, see JUDEX
5. Collegia or corporations were divided into decuriae. Thus we read of decuriae of scribae, lictors, viatores, &c. (Suet. Cl. 1; Cic. Ver. 3.7. 9, 184; Liv. 40.29; Tac. Ann. 13.27; Schol. ad Juven. 5.3; Orelli, Inscr. 2204, 2252, 2456, 2676, 3217, &c.). The members of these decuriae were called decuriales (Cod. Theod. 14.1, 3; Orelli, Inscr. 874, 976, 2456, &c.).
6. The tribes were divided into decuriae by electioneering agents for bribery and corruption (Cic. Planc. 18, 45; 19, 47; Phil. 7.6, 18).
[W.S]from decem, “ten,” and consequently a company of ten persons (Colum. i. 9. 7).
(1) A division of the curiae. Each of the three ancient Roman tribes—the Ramnes, Tities, and Luceres—was divided into ten curiae, and each curia into ten decuriae, so that there were 300 decuriae, which, according to Niebuhr, were equivalent to the gentes, but this is doubtful (Dionys.ii. 7; Plut. Rom. 20; de Rep. ii. 8). The constitution of the curiae is discussed under Curia. See also Gens.
(2) A corresponding division of the Senate. The original hundred members of the Senate were divided into ten decuriae, the heads of each decuria forming the Decem Primi in the Senate. (See Decem Primi; Senatus). In like manner in the municipal towns the Senate, usually called curia, was divided into decuriae. See Decuriones.
(3) In the same way for military purposes each of the three Roman tribes was represented by 100 equites, called centuriae. The three centuriae were divided into ten turmae, each consisting of thirty men; every turma contained ten Ramnes, ten Tities, and ten Luceres, and each of these decuriae was commanded by a decurio (Liv.i. 13; Varr. L. L. v. 91). See Equites.
(4) The Iudices were divided into three decuriae, to which Augustus added a fourth, and Caligula a fifth decuria. See Iudex.
(5) Collegia or corporations were divided into decuriae. Thus we read of decuriae of scribae, lictors, viatores, etc. The members of these decuriae were called decuriales.
(6) The tribes were divided into decuriae by electioneering agents for bribery and corruption (Cic. Planc. 18, 45; 19, 47). See ambitus.