Logeion | miser

mĭser, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. [prob. Sanscr. root mi-; cf. minuo; akin to Gr. μῖσος; Lat. maestus, maereo],

wretched, unfortunate, miserable, pitiable, lamentable, etc. (cf.: infelix, calamitosus).
- - 1 Of persons: nihil est tam miserabile, quam ex beato miser, Cic. Part. Or. 17, 57: homo miser, et infortunatus, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20 (1106): miser atque infelix, Cic. Quint. 30, 94: urgeris multis miser undique curis, Lucr. 3, 1051: o multo miserior Dolabella, quam ille, quem tu miserrimum esse voluisti, Cic. Phil. 11, 4, 8: miser, infelix, aerumnosus, id. Par. 2, 1, 16: miserrimum habere aliquem, to torment, id. Fam. 14, 7, 1: miserrimus Fui fugitando, have exhausted myself with running, am completely tired out, Ter. Eun. 846.—With gen.: miseros ambitionis, Plin. Pan. 58, 5.—
  - 2 Of things, afflicting, sad, wretched, melancholy: miserā ambitione laborare, Hor. S. 1, 4, 26: misera orbitas, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84: misera et calamitosa res, id. Rosc. Am. 28, 77.—
  - 3 Sick, ill, indisposed, etc.: quo morbo misera sum, suffer, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 39 (520): homini misero non invideo medicinam, Petr. 129, 8; cf.: quid illam miseram animi excrucias? Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 76 (1066): homo animo suo miser, id. Truc. 2, 7, 36 (586): miserum esse ex animo, to be wretched in mind, sick at heart, id. Ep. 4, 1, 1 (526).—
  - 4 Violent, excessive, extravagant: amor, Verg. A. 5, 655: cultus miser, with regard to dress, Hor. S. 2, 2, 66.—
  - 5 Bad, vile, poor, worthless: carmen, Verg. E. 3, 27: remedium, Cels. 5, 26, 34.—With gen.: morum, Stat. Th. 4, 403: hominem perditum miserumque, Ter. Eun. 418.—
  - 6 As an exclamation, inserted in the midst of a sentence: ossa atque pellis sum, misera, macritudine, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 32 (141): miserum! (parenthetically) i. e. what a misfortune! how sad! tum pendere poenas Cecropidae jussi (miserum!) septena quotannis Corpora, Verg. A. 6, 21.—As subst.: mĭsĕrum, i, n., a wretched thing, wretchedness: bonum valetudo, miserum morbus, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84 MSS. dub. (Madv. and B. and K. miser).—Hence, adv., in two forms.
  - 1 mĭsĕrē, wretchedly, miserably; desperately, vehemently, excessively, urgently (class.): est misere scriptum, Pseudole! Ps. O miserrime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 72 (74): vivere, Cic. Fin. 3, 15, 501: misere amare, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 32 (1247): deperire, id. Cist. 1, 2, 12 (131): invidere, Ter. Eun. 412: orare aliquid, id. Heaut. 365: discedere quaerens, Hor. S. 1, 9, 8; cf.: misere cupis abire, id. ib. 1, 9, 14: ut miserius a vobis recipiatur quam ab illo capta est, Liv. 34, 24, 2: misere miser, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 21 (691): misere male, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 10 (934).—
  - 2 mĭsĕrĭter, wretchedly, lamentably, sadly (ante-class.; poet.): corrumpi, Laber. ap. Non. 517, 2: alloqui, Cat. 63, 49; Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P. (Vahl. Enn. p. 180, n. 40).

miser, era, erum (mit maereo u. maestus verwandt), elend, I) im allg., elend = unglücklich, erbärmlich, kläglich, jammervoll, bejammernswert, griech. δύστηνος, κακοδαίμων (Ggstz. beatus, felix, fortunatus), 1) eig., von leb. Wesen, hic miser atque infelix, Cic.: miserrimus pater (Ggstz. felicissimus pater), Val. Max.: habere alqm miserum, plagen, Plaut., miserrimum, sehr plagen, Cic.: ex beato in miserum decĭdere, Sen.: miserrimus fui fugitando, habe mich ganz matt gelaufen, bin ganz ermüdet, Ter.: im Ausruf, im Nomin., Armer, armer Kerl, armer Schelm, miser! Hor.: o miser! Cic.: o multo miserior Dolabella, quam ille, quem tu miserrimum esse voluisti, Cic.: im Dat., vae misero mihi! Ter.: miserae mihi! Afran. com. fr.: im Akk., o me miserum! Cic.: eheu me miserum! Sall.: o miserum te! Cic.: me miserum! Cic. – m. folg. Genet., miser ambitionis, Plin. pan. 58, 5. – 2) übtr., von lebl. Subjj.: a) kläglich, erbärmlich, elend, ärmlich, misera ac tenuis praeda, Caes.: m. carmen, Verg.: remedium, Cels.: miserae luxuriae taedia, elender, erbärmlicher Kleiderprunk, Prop.: m. fortuna, Cic.: res, Cic.: consolatio, Cic.: fames, miserrima omnium mors, Sall. fr. – miserum est m. Infin., usque adeone mori miserum est? ist denn der Tod ein so großes Elend? Verg.: est nobis miserum desertam rem publicam invadi, es ist für uns ein Unglück, Liv.: ita vivere miserrimum est, ist ein wahrer Jammer, Cic. – miserum est m. ut u. Konj., miserum est, ut imitari eius disciplinam non possimus, quem per bellum vicimus, Spart. Pesc. 3, 9. – m. 2. Supin., estne hoc miserum memoratu? ist das nicht eine klägliche Geschichte? Plaut. cist. 228. – als parenthet. Ausruf, miserum! wie kläglich! wie schmerzvoll! Verg. Aen. 6, 21: divitias miseras! o über den kläglichen R.! Hor. sat. 2, 8, 18. – b) jammervoll, beklagenswert – übertrieben, amor, Verg.: m. Genet., mundus in neutram partem cultus miser, hinsichtlich des Putzes, Hor. sat. 2, 2, 66. – II) insbes.: 1) körperlich od. geistig elend = leidend, krank, bucca, Plaut.: miserum latus caputve, Hor.: fauces, Fronto: pellis, Ser. Samm.: homo, Petron.: quo morbo nunc misera sum, Plaut. – 2) moralisch elend, erbärmlich, a) = nichtswürdig, schuftig, hominem perditum miserumque! der verworfene Kerl, der Schuft! Ter. eun. 418 sq. – b) = δυσέρως, vor Liebe siech, elend, liebeskrank (Ggstz. sanus), Lucr. 4, 1068 u.a. Ter. eun. 71. – ➳ Vulg. Nbf. miserus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 4, 2250: Superl. miserissumus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 3, 4480 u. 13, 1980.

miser [CL] 1 wretched, unfortunate, pitiable: a (of person); b (of country); c (of act, condition, or circumstance); d (of abstr.). a confugiunt undique de diversis locis ~errimi cives Gildas EB 25; auxilium miseris ut ferret civibus ultro Aldh. VirgV 820; amodo paciamur hominem quemque ~erum [AS: earmne] tam quam felicem, puplica rectitudine dignum esse (Cons. Cnuti) GAS 309; nonne satis miser est, quem nec Deus ipse beare / sufficit? ulterius quis miser esse potest? J. Sal. Enth. Pol. 10. b ne penitus ~era patria deleretur Gildas EB 17. c audio ‥ sonitum inmanissimi fletus ac ~errimi Bede HE V 12 p. 306; ~eram vitam pauco tempore pane cibario sustentavit W. Malm. GR II 188; ~era humane imperfectionis conditione Gir. TH intr. p. 8. d impudentis filiae quodam ineluctabili pondere ~eram animam oneras Gildas EB 31; ecce ~eram animam et misericordem apostolum Anselm (Or. 9) III 32. 2 despicable. saevit Herodes adversus Christum et quasi posset inter ceteros unum jugulare quem sibi succedere ~er timebat Theod. Laterc. 15; dicens contemnendos esse eos et ~eros, qui Deo suo ‥ oboedire contemnerent Bede HE III 21 p. 170. 3 that brings misery, awful. gravissima Sarracenorum lues Gallias ~era caede vastabat Bede HE V 23 p. 349; tunc per ~eram semiviri regis ignaviam omnino emarcuit W. Malm. GR I 96. 4 (as sb. m. or f.) poor, wretched person. his igitur miseris spondet Victoria virgo Aldh. VirgV 2392; illa [sc. Scylla] ‥ ~erorum fertur lacerasse naufragia Lib. Monstr. I 14; erat ‥ multum misericors et cultor pauperum ac velut pater ~erorum Bede HE III 14 p. 156; sit quoque nostra manus miseris largissima semper Alcuin Carm. 100 1. 10; si ~er ille maledictam mulierem deseruerit, sit absolutus W. Malm. GR II 175. 5 miser. ex quibus nundinis ‥ multi ‥ ~eri et ambiciosi depauperati fuerunt Ad. Mur. Chr. 174.

mĭsĕr, (6) ĕra, ĕrum, ¶ 1 misérable, malheureux : a) [pers.] : Cic. Quinct. 94 ; Part. 57 ; Tusc. 1, 9 ; Font. 36 ; heu me miserum Cic. Phil. 7, 14, hélas ! malheureux que je suis ; o miserum te si..., miseriorem si Cic. Phil. 2, 54, malheureux que tu es, si..., plus malheureux encore, si... ; o miser cum re, tum hoc ipso quod non sentis quam miser sis Cic. Phil. 13, 34, ô malheureux doublement, et en fait et surtout par la raison même que tu ne sens pas ton malheur ; o multo miserior Dolabella quam ille quem tu miserrimum esse voluisti Cic. Phil. 11, 8, ô Dolabella, mille fois plus malheureux que celui-là même dont tu as voulu consommer le malheur ; miserrimum habere aliquem aliqua re Cic. Fam. 14, 7, 1, tourmenter qqn [moral^t ] par qqch. || miser ambitionis Plin. Min. Pan. 58, 5, malheureux à cause de lʼambition || [ironie] hominem miserum ! Ter. Eun. 418, pauvre diable ! b) malheureux, déplorable, lamentable [choses] : Cic. CM 15 ; Sulla 75 ; Fin. 3, 35 ; 5, 84 ; Tusc. 1, 86 ; miserum est avec prop. inf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 67 ; Quinct. 95, cʼest une chose lamentable que ; estne hoc miserum memoratu Pl. Cist. 229, nʼest-ce pas malheureux à raconter ? [exclam.] miserum ! Virg. En. 6, 21, ô malheur ! o miseram atque indignam præturam tuam ! Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 137, ô la malheureuse, lʼindigne préture que la tienne ! cf. Att. 8, 11, 4 ; Virg. En. 5, 655 ¶ 2 a) en mauvais état : [physiq^t ] Pl. Truc. 520 ; Capt. 135 ; [moral^t ] Truc. 595. b) qui souffre dʼamour : Ter. Eun. 71 ; Lucr. 4, 1076 ; c) [ironie] : Virg. B. 3, 27.

miser, era, erum (adv. -ē en -iter)

1. ongelukkig, ellendig [cultūs (gen.) in de manier v. leven]; ➤ habere alqm miserum, miserrimum plagen, kwellen;
2. (v. niet-lev.) beklagenswaardig, armoedig, armzalig, erbarmelijk [praeda; carmen; fortuna; mors bitter; consolatio]; ➤ -e vivere; miserum est (m. inf.) het is ellendig; usque adeone mori miserum est? is de dood dan zo rampzalig?; ita vivere miserrimum est is een ware hel; (als uitroep) miserum! wat een ellende!, verschrikkelijk!;
3. (poët.) ziek, ziekelijk [latus];
4. (metaf.) minderwaardig, verwerpelijk; ➤ hominem perditum miserumque! een verachtelijk heerschap!

miser , era, erum. adj. c. s.
窮苦。難堪者。吝。不中用。— animi vel animo 心煩。傷心者。Miserae opes 貽患之財。 Miserum habere aliquem 莫耐煩彼。Miseris venit solertia rebus 事難往往反見能。

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miser era, erum, adj.with comp.miserior, and sup.miserrimus

MIS-, wretched, unfortunate, miserable, pitiable, lamentable, in distress: me miserior, T.: mortales, V.: multo miserior quam ille, quem tu miserrimum esse voluisti: quibus (molestiis) te miserrimam habui, tormented.—As substm. and f: quo se miser vertet?the wretch: Miserarum est neque amori dare ludum, etc., i. e. wretched are the girls who, etc., H.—Afflicting, sad, wretched, pitiable, melancholy: bellum: mors: caedes, V.: miserā ambitione laborare, H.—Violent, excessive, extravagant: amor, V.: cultūs, in dress, H.—Vile, poor, worthless: solacium: fortunae reliquiae.—As an exclamation: miserum! alas!V.

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miser

Frieze-Dennison Vergil

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