praeficio
praeficio, to set over, place in authority over, place at the head, appoint to command
- I Lit. (freq. and class.; cf.: praepono, praefero): te cum securi caudicali praeficio provinciae, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 25 (156): praefeci rure recte qui curet tamen, id. Cas. 1, 1, 17 (105): aliquem pecori, Cic. Planc. 25, 62: certum magistratum alicui procurationi, id. Leg. 2, 26, 66: imperatorem bello, id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49: tantis rebus, id. ib. 10, 27: legatos legionibus, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: pontifices sacris, Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26: aliquem sacerdotio Neptuni, Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 27: libertos rationibus, libellis et epistulis, Tac. A. 6, 8: aliquem provinciae, id. ib. 13, 46; 2, 4: aliquem classi, Nep. Milt. 4, 1; Liv. 35, 42 et saep.: lucis Avernis, Verg. A. 6, 118: Juno sacris praefecta maritis, Ov. H. 12, 87: in eo exercitu inimici mei fratrem praefecerat, had given him a command, Cic. Sest. 18, 41. —
- II Trop., to set over, etc. (rare): nec locus nec materia invenitur, cui divinationem praeficere possimus, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 12. —Hence, as subst.: praefectus, i, m., an overseer, director, president, chief, commander, prefect.
- A In gen.: gumnasi praefecto poenas pendere, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 22 (426): villae, Varr. R. R. 1, 17 fin.: tu (censor) es praefectus moribus, Cic. Clu. 46, 129; cf.: praefectus morum, Nep. Hamilc. 3, 2: nec vero mulieribus praefectus praeponatur, Cic. Rep. 4, 6, 16 (Non. 499, 13); cf. Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30 (504): cum praefectus custodum quaesisset, etc., Nep. Eum. 11, 1: his utitur quasi praefectis libidinum suarum, Cic. Red. in Sen. 6, 15.—
- B In partic., as a title of particular civil or military officers, a president, superintendent, commander, governor, etc.: praefectus aerarii or aerario, a treasurer, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2; id. Pan. 92; Gell. 13, 24, 30; Capitol. Gord. 4: annonae, a superintendent of grain or of the markets, Tac. A. 11, 31; Inscr. Orell. 1084; 1186; 1091; 3169: castrorum or castris, an officer who attended to the pitching of the camp and all matters connected therewith, a quartermaster, Vell. 2, 112, 6; 119, 4; 120, 4; Tac. A. 14, 37; 1, 20; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 10: classis, an admiral, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89; Liv. 26, 48; 36, 20; 42; Flor. 3, 7; afterwards also for a captain of a ship, Tac. H. 3, 12; Veg. Mil. 4, 32; Inscr. Orell. 3596; who was formerly called praefectus navis: dextrum cornu praefectos navium ad terram explicare jubet, Liv. 36, 44; Flor. 2, 5: fabrūm, in the army, a superintendent of the military engines, chief engineer, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, C, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Nep. Att. 12, 4; Vell. 2, 76, 1; Plin. 36, 6, 7, § 48; Inscr. Orell. 4906; in the free towns and colonies, a superintendent of public works, ib. 516: equitum, a commander of the cavalry, as we say, a colonel or general of cavalry, Hirt. B. G. 8, 12; Vell. 2, 24, 1; called also simply praefectus, Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 3, 7; Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 7; cf. cohortium, Sall. J. 46, 7: legionis, in the time of the emperors, the same that was previously called legatus legionis, a commander of the legion, i. q. our colonel, Tac. H. 1, 82; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Galb. 11; 14; id. Calig. 56; id. Ner. 21; Inscr. Grut. 465, 2; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 9: praefectus regis or regius, a commander-in-chief, generalissimo, Liv. 36, 11; Sall. J. 46, 5; Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; id. Ages. 2, 3; cf. Flor. 3, 5; 11: praefectus praetorio and praetorii, in the time of the emperors, a commander of the imperial body - guard, pretorian prefect, Tac. A. 1, 24; id. H. 1, 13; 19; Dig. 1, 11 et saep.; in later times, a governor of a province of the Roman empire: praefectus urbi or urbis, governor of the city of Rome, in the times of the republic, appointed only to represent the consul during the latter's absence; under the emperors, a perpetual office with a particular jurisdiction, Varr. ap. Gell. 14, 7; Tac. A. 6, 10; 11; Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 223; Suet. Aug. 33; Inscr. Orell. 3153 sq.: vigilum or vigilibus, a captain of the watch, Dig. 1, 15, 3; 47, 2, 58; Inscr. Orell. 801; 1088; 1929: Aegypti, the governor of the province of Egypt, Suet. Aug. 18; 66; id. Vesp. 6; Dig. 1, 17; Inscr. Orell. 709; 3651; so, Lydiae, Ioniae, totiusque Phrygiae, Nep. Dat. 2, 5: Alpium, Plin. 10, 48, 68, § 134; Inscr. Grut. 287, 7.
- 1. aan het hoofd stellen van, belasten met, de leiding geven over (m. dat.) [alqm provinciae, bello gerendo, legioni, munitioni, tantis rebus];
- 2. aanstellen, benoemen [alqm in exercitu het commando, een officiersrang geven].
派。定。陞。Imperatorem ei bello praeficere 陞其爲此戰之元帥。Eum exercitibus praeficere 陞彼作總兵。Eum — huic operi 派彼監督此工。
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- prae+facio, to set over, place in authority over, place at the head, appoint to command: alquem Asiae: imperatorem bello: his (legionibus) legatos, Cs.: pontifices sacris: te lucis Avernis, V.: Iuno sacris praefecta maritis, O.: in eo exercitu fratrem, give him a command: locus, cui divinationem praeficere possimus, i. e. regard as the province of divination: aliquem procuratorem.
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…proficiscentes milites passis manibus flentes implorabant ne se in servitutem Romanis traderent. Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit, uti eos testes suae quisque virtutis haberet ; ipse a dextro cornu, quod eam partem minime firmam hostium…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…, qui novissimum agmen moraretur, praemisit. His Q. ; Pedium et L. ; Aurunculeium Cottam legatos praefecit ; T. ; Labienum legatum cum legionibus tribus subsequi iussit. Hi novissimos adorti et multa milia passuum prosecuti…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…, locis patentibus maximeque frumentariis finitimos haberet. Ob eas causas ei munitioni quam fecerat T. ; Labienum legatum praeficit ; ipse in Italiam magnis itineribus contendit duasque ibi legiones conscribit et tres, quae circum Aquileiam hiemabant, ex…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…dabat. Gnatique patrisque, alma, precor, miserere ; potes namque omnia, nec te nequiquam lucis Hecate praefecit Avernis ; si potuit Manes arcessere coniugis Orpheus, Threïcia fretus cithara fidibusque canoris, si fratrem Pollux alterna morte…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…mihi ; Mordere clanculum ego non flocci pendere. Illi invidere misere verum unus tamen Impense, elephantis quem Indicis praefecerat. Is ubi molestus magis est, Quaeso, inquam, Strato, Eone es ferox quia habes imperium in…
Terence, Eunuchus
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…cuius altera pars sceleris nimium habuit, altera felicitatis parum. Quo tamen in bello cum te Pompeius alae alteri praefecisset, magnam laudern et a summo viro et ab exercitu consequebare equitando, iaculando, omni militari labore tolerando .…
M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis
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…est, ut in illo fuit cum ab eo quidam vetus adsectator et ex numero amicorum non impetraret uti se praefectum in Africam duceret, et id ferret moleste, noli, inquit, mirari si tu hoc a me non…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…rebus scribebat ad me potius. et mihi decessionis dies λεληθότως obrepebat. qui cum advenerit, ἄλλο πρόβλημα quem praeficiam, nisi Caldus quaestor venerit ; de quo adhuc nihil certi habebamus. cupiebam me hercule longiorem epistulam facere ,…
Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum
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…rebus Aeduis Segusiavisque, qui sunt finitimi provinciae, decem milia peditum imperat ; huc addit equites octingentos. His praeficit fratrem Eporedorigis bellumque inferri Allobrogibus iubet. Altera ex parte Gabalos proximosque pagos Arvernorum in Helvios, item Rutenos Cadurcosque…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…ad laudem et prope singulari sed quid ad te, qui negas esse verum quemquam ulli rei publicae extra ordinem praefici atque in hoc solum inconstantiam redarguo tuam quem tu in ea re non pro illius dignitate produceres, sed pro…
Cicero, de Domo sua