stilus

stĭlus (not stylus), i, m. [for stiglus; Gr. στίζω, to stick, puncture; στίγμα, mark, point; Sanscr. tig, to be sharp; tigmas, sharp; cf. Engl. stick, sting; Lat. stimulus; not connected with στῦλος].

• In gen., a stake, pale: extra vallum stili caeci, concealed stakes, Auct. B. Afr. 31, 5; cf. Sil. 10, 415 (for which stimuli, Caes. B. G. 7, 73 fin.): ligneus, Amm.23, 4, 5; 15, 10, 5.—In agriculture, a pointed instrument for freeing plants from worms or from shoots which grow too rankly, etc., Col. 11, 3, 53; Pall. Mart. 10, 20.—Of the stem or stalk of many plants (e. g. of the asparagus), Col. 11, 3, 46; 11, 3, 58; 5, 10, 13; 5, 10, 21.—
• II In partic.
• • A A style used by the Romans for writing on waxen tablets (pointed, and usually made of iron): effer cito stilum, ceram et tabellas et linum, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 64 (703); cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 76 (715); 4, 9, 73 (997); Quint. 1, 1, 27: cum otiosus stilum prehenderat, flaccebat oratio, Cic. Brut. 24, 93: orationes paene Attico stilo scriptae, with an Attic pen, id. ib. 45, 167; so, (comoediae quaedam) resipiant stilum Plautinum, Gell. 3, 3, 13.—And with reference to the ecenomical use, in a double sense, Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 96.—Writing on wax was erased with the broad upper end of the style; hence the phrase stilum vertere, for to erase what one has written, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 41, § 101: saepe stilum vertas, iterum quae digna legi sint, Scripturus, Hor. S. 1, 10, 73.—But cf.: et mihi vertenti stilum in Gallias, i.e. turning to write of, Amm.29, 3, 1.—Comically: stilis me totum usque ulmeis conscribito, i.e. with elm switches, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131 (545) (cf. conscribo).—
  • B Transf.
  • • 1 = scriptio and scriptura, a setting down in writing, composing, composition; the practice of composing; manner of writing, mode of composition: stilus optimus et praestantissimus dicendi effector ac magister, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150; 1, 60, 257; cf. id. ib. 3, 49, 190; Quint. 1, 9, 2; cf.: multus stilus et assidua lectio, id. 10, 7, 4: stilus exercitatus, i.e. a practised pen, Cic. Or. 44, 150: tardior stilus cogitationem moratur, Quint. 1, 1, 28: neglegens, id. 2, 4, 13: multus, id. 10, 1, 1: tardus, id. 10, 3, 5: rudis et confusus, id. 1, 1, 28: fidelis, id. 10, 7, 7: stilo incumbere, Plin. Ep. 7, 29, 9: aliquid stilo prosequi, id. ib. 1, 8, 8; 2, 3, 3: signare stilo, Vell. 1, 16, 1: non ita dissimili sunt argumento, sed tamen Dissimili oratione sunt factae ac stilo, in speech and writing, Ter. And. 12 (for which: oratione et scripturā, id. Phorm. 5); cf.: unus sonus est totius orationis et idem stilus, the same tone and the same style of composition run through the whole speech, Cic. Brut. 26, 100: artifex stilus, an artistic style, id. ib. 25, 96: familiares opes velut supremo distribuens stilo, i.e. by his last will, Amm.25, 3, 21.—
    • 2 A manner of speaking, mode of expression, style in speaking (post-Aug. and very rare; not as early as Quint.; in class. Lat. sermo, oratio, dictio, dicendi modus, ars, genus or forma): stilus pressus demissusque, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5: pugnax et quasi bellatorins, id. ib. 7, 9, 7: laetior, id. ib. 3, 18, 10; cf.: diligentis stili anxietas, Tac. Or. 39: (Octavius) tragoediam magno impetu exorsus, non succedente stilo, abolevit, Suet. Aug. 85: affectatione obscurabat stilum, id. Tib. 70: stili dicendi duo sunt: unus est maturus et gravis, alter ardens erectus et infensus, etc., Macr. S. 5, 1; 6, 3.—*
    • 3 A decision, verdict, opinion, Ap. Met. 10, 8, 4.

stilus, ī, m. (vgl. īn-stīgo, eig. Stichel), jeder aufrechtstehende spitze Körper; dah. I) als milit. t.t., stili caeci, verdeckte spitze Pfähle, vorn mit eifernen Haken versehen, eine Art Fußangeln, Auct. b. Afr. 31, 7. Sil. 10, 415 (bei Caes. b. G. 7, 73, 9 stimulus gen.): eminentes lignei stili, Amm. 15, 10, 5. – II) ein spitzes, länglich rundes Werkzeug in der Land- u. Gartenwirtschaft, um die Gewächse auseinander zu machen, Colum.: und sie von Würmern zu reinigen, Pallad. – III) der Stiel, Stengel, Stamm, des Spargels, Colum.: des Nußbaumes, Colum. – IV) der (gew. eiferne) Griffel zum Schreiben, der oben breit wie ein Falzbein, unten spitz war, womit man in die wächsernen Tafeln schrieb, 1) eig.: erant in proximo stilus et pugillares, Plin. ep.: ecfer cito stilum ceram tabellas linum, Plaut.: poscit pugillares stilum lumen, Plin. ep. – Man bediente sich seiner besonders zur Übung im Schreiben (vgl. Hieron. epist. 107, 4 b cum vero coeperit [puella] trementi manu stilum in cera ducere) u. zum Konzipieren (s. vorh.); hatte man einen Schreibfehler gemacht, so kehrte man den Griffel um und verstrich das Geschriebene mit Wachs (vgl. Augustin. de ver. relig. 39 stilus ferreus aliā parte quā scribamus, aliā quā deleamus, affabre factus est); dah. stilum vertere = das Geschriebene ausstreichen, saepe stilum vertas, Hor.: vertit stilum in tabulis suis, Cic. – scherzh., stilis me totum usque ulmeis conscribito, Plaut. Pseud. 545; vgl. conscribo a.E.: doppelsinnig = Griffel u. = Dolch, Cic. Phil. 2, 34. Hor. sat. 2, 1, 39. – 2) meton.: a) das Schreiben, das schriftliche Abfassen, die Abfassung, Darstellung, stilus optimus et praestantissimus dicendi effector ac magister, das Schreiben, die Übung im Schreiben, -in der Komposition, Cic.: st. exercitatus, eine geübte Feder, Cic.: non ita dissimili sunt argumento, sed tamen dissimili oratione sunt factae ac stilo, Sprache u. Abfassung, Ter.: unus sonus est totius orationis et idem stilus, derselbe Klang, dieselbe Komposition, Cic.: orationes paene Attico stilo scriptae, mit attischer Feder, Cic.: ut geographici stili formarunt, nach der Darstellung in der Geographie, Amm. 23, 6, 13. – b) die Ausdrucksweise, Schreibart, der Stil, pressus demissusque, Plin. ep.: pugnax et quasi bellatorius, Plin. ep.: stilum obscurare, Suet.: reliqua stilo maiore dicenda sunt, Eutr.: cum cothurnatius stilus procederet lacrimosus, Amm. – c) das schriftlich Abgefaßte, α) das Schriftentum, die Literatur, Val. Max. 8, 13. ext. 4. Tert. de res. carn. 22. – β) die schriftliche Stimmenabgabe, die Stimme, Apul. met. 10, 8. – d) die Sprache, Graecus, Romanus stilus, Hieron. epist. 3, 4: transferre in Latinum stilum, Porphyr. Hor. ep. 2, 1, 164.

1 stilus, 1 stylus [CL] 1 pointed object or instrument; b (as weapon, also transf.); c (used for surgery); d (as part of sundial). digitos insensibiles habebat, ut nullatenus punctionum sentire posset molestiam, etiam si ~is ferreis pungeretur Mir. Fridesw. 77; spinis urticisque sue vindictus abegit / carnis pruritum, demoniique stilos / in specie merule sanctum stimulaverat hostis, / sed contra stimulum spina ferebat opem Garl. Tri. Eccl. 10.  b ubi a Bruto et Cassio et eorum fautoribus xxiiij †stibiis [? l. stillis] confossus in Capitolio obiit Greg. Mir. Rom. 29; c1370 quando fabrilis / cos acuit pilis pila stilosque stilis Pol. Poems I 113.  c alius modus extrahendi est cum stillo ferreo ignito immisso per canulam usque ad dentem Gad. 120. 2.  d gnomo vel ~us in horologio J. Godard Ep. 222; tunc cum umbra ~i fuerit in ista linea diametrali, erit vere meridies Rob. Angl. (II) 181. 2 pointed instrument for writing or scribing, pen, stylus; b (fig.); c (transf., w. ref. to writer or act of writing). c795 quas [litterulas] licet atramento ~oque perscriptas Alcuin Ep. 69; nequaquam ‥ nova scribimus, sed que passim scripta per antiquas paginas invenimus, in unum colligentes ~o renovamus Gosc. Milb. 201; institorem habentem ‥ ~os [gl.: G. greffe, grefes, graffis, poy[n]teuz] Garl. Dict. 123; quid, dum scribis [sc. amor], rogo pro munere? / cor hoc vellas in stili vomere J. Howd. Ph. 728; hic ~us, hic graphus, a poyntyle WW.  b s1382 ad mercatores et divites ~um predicacionis vertit ‥ asserens ‥ Knighton II 189.  c quam prudenter ‥ simplicitatem retinuit ‥ qualis ~us pronuntiet Byrht. V. Ecgwini 354; angulus unus ‥ terrarum scilicet finis Hibernicus orbis ‥ nec ille omnino intactus, nullius tamen hactenus ~o absolute comprehensus Gir. TH intr. p. 6; de ipsius ducis ‥ gestis ‥ ~us presens, a nemore querculum extrahens, gradum sistat Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 55. 3 manner of writing or speaking, mode of expression, style. vili licet ~o, tamen benigno Gildas EB 1; videor ‥ mihi hoc planius ‥ posse patefacere, si per interrogationem et responsionem pauxillulum reciprocis vicibus ~us varietur Aldh. Met. 10; c720 ut ‥ respondeas his, quibus in his kartis caraxavimus rustico ~o et inpolito sermone (Eangyth) Ep. Bonif. 14 p. 26; ut quae multipliciter de eo scripta sunt, compendioso ac novo narrandi ~o expediam Eadmer V. Osw. prol.; sed quamvis calamum tantus culpaverit auctor, / obtinuit virtus, et stilus ipse placet J. Sal. Enth. Phil. 1264; sunt igitur tres styli, humilis, mediocris, grandiloquus Vinsauf AV II 3. 145; hic stilus, A. a poyntelle. hic ~us, alle maner speche. est stilus unde puer scribit, modus atque loquendi WW. 4 something written, text; b (defined as written expression of the will). c (in diplomatic context) written record of legal transaction, title, deed. in divos ‥ / ‥ saevit regnator Olimpi, / expers ut nullus diri discriminis esset, / ceu stili series praesenti grammate pandit Aldh. VirgV 1370; ~i, gewrites GlP 1018.  b suprema voluntas dicitur ~us si scripta sit, si non scripta dicitur arbitrium Vac. Lib. paup. 5.  c †944 (942) (13c) ego ‥ cuidam pontifici meo ‥ centum terre mansas ei ~o perhenni trado CS 801; 944 (12c) in cunctis denique praefatulam successoribus nostris hoc donum in sempiternum usque permaneat ~um CS 796. 5 official title or collection of titles by which person is (to be) known or addressed, style. b (in list, account, or sim.) heading, title, item, (in or supra ~o) under the heading (of). c (propter ~um, app.) by a (specific) charge or accusation of, on account of (w. gen.). s1259 ita ‥ quod Normanniam retineat rex Francie, et ista duo verba, viz. ‘dux Normannie’, ignominiose imperpetuum de stylo regis Anglie et sigillo deleantur Ann. Burton 487; s1320 [rex] quoddam tugurrium ‥ Burgundia nuncupatum ‥ occupavit ‥ malens potius rex dici Burgonie quam progenitorum regum preclarissimorum ~is uti gloriosis Flor. Hist. III 193; 1557 nomen, statum, gradum, ~um, titulum, honorem, et dignitatem comitis Northumbrie Foed. XV 462; 1570 creavimus ‥ eundem Willielmum unum heraldorum nostrorum ad arma, eique nomen illud vulgariter nuncupatum Yorke imponimus, ad ~um, titulum, libertates, et preeminentias hujusmodi officio convenientia ‥ concedimus Ib. XV 679.  b 1264 instaurum animalium pertinencium ad bursarium ibidem specificantur supra ~o ‘coquina’ (Invent.) Feod. Durh. 188; expense necessarie et minute, in quo ~o plura comprehenduntur Ib. 211; 1293 litteras vestre ‥ amicicie ‥ recepi ‥ que per me diligenter perlecte et quoad singulos sui [sic] ~os corditer recensite, causam diversorum affectuum interiorum meo animo attulerunt. nam primus earum ~us qui vestram ‥ sollicitudinem expressit ‥. secundus vero ~us earundem qui de corporali vestra sanitate ‥ facit specialem mencionem ‥. tercius vero ~us dictarum litterarum, quod pro me ‥ estis valde solliciti ‥ Reg. Cant. 1286; 1337 nota, infra ~o [sic] expense necessarie, de viij s. solut' pro una piscaria in Sunderland Ac. Durh. 534; 1416 ut patet superius in ~o expens' fratrum versus cellas Ib. 612; 1470 istud esset insertum in ~o de expensis necessariis Ib. 642.  c Evaristus ‥ constituit vij diaconos ad episcopum [sc. Rome] predicantem custodiendum propter stylum erroris ne vexaretur ab emulis Eul. Hist. I 172. 6 characteristic method or manner, style. b (~us novus, of dating system, w. ref. to reformed Gregorian calendar introduced in 1582). 1227 compertum quod [breve] falsum est, quia littera non est de curia nec ~um, et preterea cauda brevis insita est in sigillo domini regis ita quod capud impressionis sigilli fissum et ibi breve appositum BNB III 646; debes scire quod archiepiscopus Cantuariensis est legatus sedis apostolice natus ‥ et ad legatos dicte sedis spectat ut in citacionibus et aliis formis sequantur stylum curie Romane (Lyndw.) EHR XI 475; 1446 et quid ‥ alter vestrum fecerit, nos ‥ debite certificet juxta morem et stillum ejusdem curie hactenus visitatum [i. e. usitatum] BBAdm I 250; aliqui episcopi et abbates concedentes beneficium vel scriptum testimoniale sub suo sigillo recipiunt xl s. ‥ et hec vocatur lex curie, seu ~us curie Gascoigne Loci 132; 1489 auctoritatem ‥ ad ‥ contra testes ‥ dicendum ‥ judicis officium implorandum, necnon omnia alia et singula que in processibus et ordinibus judiciorum, secundum ~um curiarum et locorum ubi litigare contigerit, necessaria sunt faciendum Reg. Brechin II 133; 1549 si comperiant nec canonico nec civili, nec municipali et consuetudinario juri aut stylo fore consonantem informationem Ib. II 121.  b 1589 Aug. 5th, novo stylo (Dee Diary) OED s. v. stilo novo. 7 process, or ? f. l. c1520 contra sacrorum canonum ‥ statuta ‥ faciunt nonnulla statuta in eorum curiis et ~is Penthecostalibus aliisque certis temporibus quibus prohibent ‥ eorum subditis ‥ ne ‥ Conc. Scot. I cclxxix.

2 stilus v. 2 stylus

stĭlus (11) (non stylus), ī, m. , tout objet en forme de tige pointue, ¶ 1 pieu : stili cæci B. Afr. 31, 5, pieux dissimulés || instrument dʼagriculture : Col. Rust. 11, 3, 53 || tige de plante : Col. Rust. 11, 3, 46, etc. ¶ 2 style, poinçon pour écrire : stilum prendere Cic. Br. 93, prendre son style, sa plume ; orationes pæne Attico stilo scriptæ Cic. Br. 167, discours quʼon dirait écrits par une plume attique ; [jeu de mots avec instr. dʼagriculture : Cic. de Or. 2, 96 ] ; stilum vertere in tabulis Cic. de Or. 2, 101, passer le style renversé sur des tablettes [se servir du bout aplati], effacer, cf. Hor. S. 1, 10, 72 ¶ 3 [fig.] a) travail du poinçon, de la plume, c.-à-d. de la composition : (stilus) est dicendi opifex Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2, la plume est lʼouvrière de lʼexpression ; stilus optimus et præstantissimus dicendi effector ac magister Cic. de Or. 1, 150, la plume est le meilleur et le plus éminent des artisans et maîtres du bien dire, cf. de Or. 1, 257 ; 3, 190 ; Quint. 1, 9, 2 ; 10, 7, 4 ; artifex, ut ita dicam, stilus Cic. Br. 96, une plume faisant, pour ainsi dire, du travail de maître ; unus sonus est totius orationis et idem stilus Cic. Br. 100, tout le discours a le même accent, trahit la même plume ; b) manière, style : Plin. Min. Ep. 1, 8, 5 ; 3, 18, 10 ; 7, 9, 7 ; c) œuvre littéraire : Val. Max. 8, 13, 4 || bulletin de vote : Apul. M. 10, 8 || langue : Græcus stilus Hier. Ep. 3, 4, langue grecque.

stilus vel stylus, i. m.
小棍。刀筆。文法。習寫字。埋釘。Stilum vertere 改正文。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

stĭlus, i, m.: getto, stelo (di una pianta) Col.

stilus (not stylus), ī, m

• STIG-, a pointed instrument; hence, in a double sense: si meus stilus ille fuisset, ut dicitur, had that weapon been mine, had I been the author of that tragedy: hic stilus haud petet ultro Quemquam, my pen will stab no one wantonly, H.—For writing on waxen tablets, an iron pencil, style: orationes paene Attico stilo scriptae, with an Attic pen: luxuries, quae stilo depascenda est, i. e. to be moderated by practice in writing: vertit stilum in tabulis suis, i. e. makes erasures(with the broad upper end of the style): Saepe stilum vertas, H.—A writing, composition, practice of composing: stilus optimus dicendi effector: exercitatus, a practised pen.—A manner of writing, mode of expression, style: Dissimili oratione sunt factae (fabulae) ac stilo, in language and style, T.: artifex stilus, an artistic style.

STILUS

STILUS(γραφίς, γραφεῖον, in late writers στῦλος). There can be no doubt that whatever the origin of the word the correct spelling is stilus, not stylus, and it is highly probable, if not certain, that the connexion in etymology with στῦλος (whence the spelling stylus) is mistaken also: the quantity of the two words is always different, and the root στιγ, whence στίζω, stimulus, &c. (Corssen, Gr. Etym. 214), suits the meaning better. Since στῦλος is used in this sense only by late writers, it is not improbable that they took it by a false reasoning to represent the Latin word. For the true Greek words γραφὶς and γραφεῖον, see Plat. Protag. p. 326 D; Athen. p. 562 c, πινακίδα καὶ γραφεῖον ἐξηρτημένον (a line of Macho in 3rd cent. B.C.); Arist. Phys.. 7.4, 4; Pollux, 10.59. The stilus signifies--

1. An iron. instrument (Ovid, Ov. Met. 9.521; Martial (Mart. 14.21), resembling a pencil in size and shape,: used for writing upon waxed tablets (Plant. Bacch. 4.4, 63; Plin. Nat.34.139). At one end it was sharpened to a point for scratching the characters upon the wax (Quintil. 1.1.27), while the other end being flat and circular served to render the surface of the tablets smooth again, and so to obliterate what had been written. Thus, vertere stilum means to erase, and hence to correct, as in the well-known precept saepe stilum vertas (Hor. Sat. 1.10, 72; Cic. Ver. 2.4. 1, 101). The stilus was also termed graphium (Ovid, Amor. 1.11, 23; Suet. Jul. 82), and the. case in which it was kept graphiarium (Martial (Mart. 14.21) or graphiaria theca (Suet. Cl. 35). The annexed cut is from a picture found in. Herculaneum.

2. A sharp stake or spike placed in pitfalls before an entrenchment to embarrass the progress of an attacking enemy (Bell. African. 31; Sil. Ital.). It was intended to answer the same purpose as the contrivances called cippi, lilia, and stimuli by Caesar (B. G. 7.73).

3. A bronze needle or rod for picking worms off fruit-trees (Pallad. 4.10.20), also a wooden probe employed in gardening operations (Columell. 11.3.53).

Stili were made also of bone or ivory (Isid. Orig. 6.9, 2): a bronze stilus elaborately carved from Orvieto is figured in Baumeister, Denkm. 1585. See also Sen. de Clement. 1, 14; Augustin. de Vet. Rel. 39. The passages cited from Pliny and Suetonius show the possible use of a largesized stilus as a weapon.

[W.R] [G.E.M]

Stilus

and (incorrectly) Stylus (γραφίς, γραφεῖον). (1) An iron, bronze, bone, or ivory instrument, the shape and size of a modern pencil, used by the ancients for writing upon wax tablets. One end was made sharp for this purpose, while the other was blunt and round for obliterating what had been written. Hence vertere stilum means “to erase” and “to correct.” Another name for the stilus was graphium, and the case in which it was carried was called graphiarium. See illustration under graphium.

(2) A sharp stake or spike placed in pitfalls in front of an intrenchment to embarrass the approach of an enemy. See murex.