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κράς

κράς, the head

κράς, poet. form of κάρα, nom. only Simm. 4; gen. κρᾱτός Il. 5.7, al., Trag. (v. infr.); dat. κρᾱτί Od. 9.490, S. OC 313, Ar. Ra. 329, κράτεσφι Il. 10.156; acc. κρᾶτα Od. 8.92, Trag. (v. infr.): pl., gen. κράτων Od. 22.309; dat. κρᾱσίν Il. 10.152; acc. κρᾶτας E. Ph. 1149, HF 526: gender rarely determinate, κρατός fem. E. El. 140 (lyr.), cf. Sch. E. Hec. 432, Ph. 1159; κρᾶτα, τό, is nom. in S. Ph. 1457 (anap.), acc. ib. 1001, OT 263, cf. Tr. 1016 (lyr.); but acc. κρᾶτα, τόν, Ion Trag. 61: pl. κρᾶτα, τά, Pi. Fr. 8, perh. S. OC 473:—Hom. also has gen. and dat. κράατος, κράατι, pl. nom. κράατα [all -uu], but no nom. κρᾶας is found:—
  • head, ἐκ κράατος ἀθανάτοιο Il. 14.177; σῷ δʼ αὐτοῦ κράατι τείσεις Od. 22.218, etc.; ὑπὸ κράτεσφι under his head, Il. 10.156: metaph., top, peak, κρατὸς ἀπʼ Οὐλύμποιο Il. 20.5; ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος at the head or far end of the bay, Od. 9.140, 13.102.
    • II Adv. κρῆθεν, used by Hom. in the phrase κατὰ κρῆθεν down from the head, from the top, δένδρεα . . κατὰ κρῆθεν χέε καρπόν from their tops, Od. 11.588, cf. h.Cer. 182, Hes. Th. 574: hence, from head to foot, entirely, Τρῶας δὲ κατὰ κρῆθεν λάβε πένθος Il. 16.548 (perh. for κατʼ ἄκρηθεν = κατʼ ἄκρης, v. ἄκρα); also ἀπὸ κρῆθεν Hes. Sc. 7.

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