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πλεονάζω

πλεονάζω, to be more

πλεον-άζω (rarely πλειονάζω, q.v.), fut. -άσω: pf. πεπλεόνακα D.S. 1.90:—Pass., pf. -ασμαι Hp. Fract. 7, etc.: aor. -άσθην Id. Art. 47: (πλέον):—
  • to be more, esp. to be more than enough, superfluous, opp. ἐλλείπειν, ὑπολείπειν, Arist. EN 1106a31, Col. 799a18; τὸ πλεονάζον the excess, PRev.Laws 57.13 (iii B. C.), LXX Ex. 26.12; π. παρά c. acc., to be in excess of . ., ib. Nu. 3.46; ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία Ep.Rom. 5.20; of animals, have more than the due number of limbs, opp. κολοβὰ γίνεσθαι, Arist. GA 770b32; of visits, to be frequent, Plb. 4.3.12; of the sea, encroach, Arist. Mete. 351b6, cf. Plu. Isid. 2.366b; πάθος defined as ὁρμὴ πλεονάζουσα, Zeno Stoic. 1.50; εἰκασία ἐστὶ μεταφορὰ πλεονάζουσα simile is expanded metaphor, Demetr. Eloc. 80; τὸ σ̄ πλεονάσαν used to excess, D.H. Comp. 14: Gramm., to be redundant, Demetr.Lac. Herc. 1012.21, etc.; Ἀρίσταρχος οὐκ ἔλεγε πλεονάζειν τὸ ἄρθρον A.D. Synt. 6.2; also of letters, τὸ ε̄ πλεονάζει (in ἑ-ώρων) Id. Pron. 58.25; but π. τῷ ῑ to have an added ῑ (as in ἐμεῖο), ib. 38.20; cf. ΙΙΙ.6.
      • 2 c. gen., exceed, opp. λείπω, Ptol. Geog. 1.20.7: abs., τὸ -άζον ἔργον the extra work, PLille 1v. 16 (iii B. C.); τοὺς -άζοντας τῶν ρκεʹ (sc. ἐρίφους) the odd 25 out of 125, PCair.Zen. 422.7 (iii B. C.).
    • II of persons, go beyond bounds, take or claim too much, Isoc. 2.33, 12.85, D. 9.24, 39.14: c. dat., presume upon . ., εὐτυχίᾳ Th. 1.120; but π. κυνηγεσίαις go beyond bounds in . ., Str. 11.5.1; of a writer, τοῖς ὀνόμασι π. Id. 3.3.7: abs., to be lengthy, tedious, Id. 9.1.16, D.S. 1.90, LXX 2 Ma. 2.32; περί τινος Parmenisc. ap. Ath. 4.156d.
      • 2 π. τινός have an excess of, abound in a thing, opp. ἐνδεὴς εἶναι, Arist. Pol. 1257a33, cf. Epicur. Sent. 4; but π. τοῦ καιροῦ exceed all bounds . ., of a writer, D.H. Comp. 22.
    • III c. acc., state at a higher figure, Str. 6.3.10:—Pass., to be magnified, exaggerated, [νομίσειεν ἂν] ἔστιν ἃ πλεονάζεσθαι Th. 2.35, cf. Str. 2.4.3; πεπλεόνασται has been overdone, opp. ἐνδεὲς πεποίηται, Hp. Fract. 7, cf. Art. 47.
      • 2 make to increase, τινὰς τῇ ἀγάπῃ 1 Ep.Thess. 3.12.
      • 3 eat in too great quantity, τι Diph.Siph. ap. Ath. 8.356d, Dsc. 4.75, 82 (all Pass.).
      • 4 raise the price of, τι Aristid. 1.170J.
      • 5 Pass., to be deceived, prob. f.l. for πλεονεκτεῖσθαι, Stob. 2.7.11m.
      • 6 Gramm., use in addition or redundantly, εἰώθασιν οἱ Ἀττικοὶ τὰ ἄρθρα πλεονάζειν Sch. Ar. Pl. 5; Αἰολεῖς πλεονάζουσιν ἕτερον σύμφωνον EM 84.18:—Pass., τὸ ῡ πλεοναζόμενον ψιλοῦται ib. 440.12.
      • 7 to be in excess of unity, partake of plurality, Procl. Inst. 2.

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