spolium

spolium , I, n.: that which is taken from the body of a slain man or beast; spoil, trophy, 1.289; spolia opīma, the arms or spoils taken by a victorious general from the body of a hostile commander slain in battle, 6.855.

spŏlĭum, ii, n. [root spal- (skal-); cf.: populor, calamitas, calvus].

• Lit., the spoil of an animal, i. e. the skin or hide of an animal stripped off (so only poet. and very rare): pelles et spolia ferarum, Lucr. 5, 954: serpentum, id. 4, 62: leonis, Ov. M. 9, 113; 3, 81: apri, id. ib. 8, 426; id. H. 4, 100: pecudis (i. e. arietis Phrixei), id. ib. 6, 13; cf. id. M. 7, 156: viperei monstri (i. e. Medusae), id. ib. 4, 615.—
• II Transf., the arms or armor stripped from a defeated enemy; hence, in gen., any thing taken from the enemy, booty, prey, spoil (the predom. signif. of the word; usu. in plur.; cf.: exuviae, praeda): Salmacida spolia sine sudore et sanguine, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61 (Trag. v. 36 Vahl.): spolia ducis hostium caesi suspenso ferculo gerens in Capitolium ascendit ibique, Juppiter Feretri, inquit, haec tibi victor Romulus rex regia arma fero templumque dedico, sedem opimis spoliis, etc., Liv. 1, 10, 6 (v. opimus): spoliis decorata est regia fixis, Ov. M. 8, 154: spoliorum causā hominem occidere ... cruenta spolia detrahere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145 sq.: multa spolia praeferebantur, Caes. B. C. 2, 39: ad ejus spolia detrahenda, Cic. Sest. 24, 54: indutus spoliis, Verg. A. 10, 775: victores praedā Rutuli spoliisque potiti, id. ib. 9, 450; 4, 93: virtutis honor spoliis quaeratur in istis, Ov. M. 13, 153: insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis Ingreditur, Verg. A. 6, 855: spolia jacentis hostium exercitus peditibus concessit, Liv. 44, 45: Q. Fabius spolia ducis Gallorum legens, id. 5, 36; so, legere, id. 5, 39; 8, 7; 27, 2 al.: spolia et praedas ad procuratores referre, Tac. A. 12, 54 et saep.: (forum) exuviis nauticis et classium spoliis (i. e. rostris) ornatum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55; cf. Flor. 1, 11, 10: navalia, Suet. Aug. 18 fin.: illud natura non patitur, ut aliorum spoliis nostras facultates, copias, opes augeamus, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 22; id. Rosc. Am. 3, 8: spoliis civium exstructa domus, Tac. A. 15, 52: (delatores) sacerdotia et consulatus et spolia adepti, id. H. 1, 2.—
• • • • • β Sing.: quo nunc Turnus ovat spolio, Verg. A. 10, 500: Actoris Aurunci spolium, id. ib. 12, 94: Asiam, spolium regis Antiochi, recepi, Sall. H. 4, 61, 11 Dietsch; Suet. Caes. 64; Just. 19, 3: fert secum spolium sceleris, Ov. M. 8, 87: mendici spolium, a beggar's rags, Petr. 13, 1.—Poet., in gen., = arma, arms, Ov. M. 13, 153.

spolium, iī, n., I) die abgezogene od. abgelegte Haut eines Tieres, leonis, Löwenhaut, Ov.: pecudis, Widderfell, Ov.: die Haut, die die Schlangen jährlich ablegen, Lucr. 4, 60. – II) übtr., gew. Plur. spolia, ōrum, n., 1) die dem Feinde abgenommene Rüstung, die Spolien, die erbeutete Rüstung, der Raub (im Gegensatz zu praeda, Viehbeute), spolia caesorum legere, Liv.: spolia opima, s. opīmus. – meton. = Sieg, spolia ampla referre, Verg. Aen. 4, 93. – Dav. wieder übtr.: 2) die Beute übh., und zwar: a) die dem Feinde abgenommene Beute, spolia classium, die Schiffsschnäbel, Cic.: hostium, Statuen usw., Cic.: agrorum, von den Äckern, Liv.: so auch Pferde, Gefangene, Liv. – b) jede Beute, jeder Raub, aliorum spoliis nostras facultates augeamus, Cic.: sceleris, von dem goldenen Haar, das Schlla ihrem Vater raubte u. dem Minos brachte, Ov.: mendici, Bettlerkleid, Petron. – ➳ Vulg. Nbf. spolia, ae, f., Augustin. serm. 146, 1 Mai (cum magna spolia). Vict. Vit. 3, 59.

spolium [CL] 1 skin or hide of animal (as stripped off from body, in quot. of slough of snake). b (transf.) piece of clothing. redibue [l. reduvie], serpentium ~ia Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 508; ~ium serpentis coctum in aceto et emplastratum delet eas [sc. glandulas] Gad. 29. 1.  b c1191 subducitur / in mulieris spolia ‥ dum abdicat / se masculum / mox indicat / semivirum per spolia (Pol. Poems) EHR V 318–19 (cf. M. Par. Maj. II 382). 2 arms or equipment taken from body of defeated fighter, spoils of war; b (~ia opima); c (fig.); d (of possessions taken legitimately from dead person); e (transf., of clothing taken from one who is executed). cum innumerabili paganorum exercitu ‥ invasit ‥ queque sibi eminentiora inhiata sunt concupiscibilia asportavit, cetera suis ~ia proposuit V. Neot. A 11; secum adducentes ‥ ~ia multa que in prelio adquisierant Ord. Vit. IX 9 p. 528; ~ia inequaliter militibus divisa Bern. Comm. Aen. 126; cum ‥ exercitum duxisset et ‥ tributum ‥ extorsisset, revertens cum ~iis et auro ‥ evasit Gir. TH II 50.  b opima ~ia, quae dux detrahit GlC O 219; nec ulla victoria letior fuit Christianis, quod incruenti opima retulere ~ia W. Malm. GR IV 371.  c militie sue ad Patrem victricia signa reportans, tam preclara ~ia captivorum, tam beatas libertatis exuvias J. Ford Serm. 63. 8.  d siquis eum occidere praevaluerit, ~ia ejus licenter habebit DB I 154vb.  e morte turpissima condempnemus eum et de ~iis ejus sortem mittamus inter nos [cf. Joh. xix 23–4: vestimenta ejus] Eccl. & Synag. 98. 3 that which is taken illegitimately or by violence, plunder, robbery, or sim.. Ricardus homo Hamoriis invasit istam terram et habet hucusque ejus ~ia (Essex) DB II 99; spoliaverunt [sanctum] vestimentis suis ‥ cum ‥ illi in longum ire conarentur habentes ~ia sancti, non potuerunt transire (Cainnicus 37) VSH I 165. 4 act of spoliation, theft. in confiniis Angliae atque Scotiae propter frequentia pecorum et jumentorum ~ia, multis usus hujus generis canum [sc. sanguinariorum] est Caius Can. f. 2b.

spŏlĭum, (8) ĭī, n. , ¶ 1 dépouille dʼun animal : Lucr. 5, 954 ; Ov. M. 9, 113, etc. || toison : Ov. M. 6, 13 || peau dʼun serpent qui mue : Lucr. 4, 62 ¶ 2 ordin^t au pl., dépouille guerrière, butin : spolia ducis hostium Liv. 1, 10, 6, dépouilles du général ennemi ; opima spolia Liv. 1, 10, 6, dépouilles opimes ; classium Cic. Pomp. 55, dépouilles des vaisseaux, éperons, cf. Cic. Sest. 54 ; Amer. 145 ; Cæs. C. 2, 39 || [fig.] Cic. Off. 3, 22 ; Amer. 8 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 52 ; H. 1, 2 || sing., Virg. En. 10, 500 ; 12, 94 ; Sall. H. 4, 61, 11 ; Suet. Cæs. 64 ; Ov. M. 8, 87.

➳ fém. spolia, æ, Aug. Serm. 146, 1 Mai.

spolium , ii. n.
剝之皮。遺物。搶之物。贓。Spolia opima 豐贓。將軍與將軍所相搶之物。

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spolium ī, n

• SCAL-.—Of an animal, the skin, hide, fell: leonis, O.: monstri, O.—Plur, the arms stripped from an enemy, booty, prey, spoil: hostium: spoliorum causā hominem occidere: multa spolia praeferebantur, Cs.: Indutus spoliis, V.: spolia ducis hostium caesi, L.: forum spoliis provinciarum ornasse: aliorum spoliis nostras opes augere: virtutis honor spoliis quaeratur in istis, arms(of the dead Achilles), O.: Egregiam laudem et spolia ampla refertis, i. e. victory, V.— Sing.(poet.): Quo nunc Turnus ovat spolio, V.: Actoris spolium, V.