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λόφος

λόφος, neck, crest of hill, ridge, crest of a helmet

λόφος, ὁ,
  • back of the neck; of a horse, withers, Il. 23.508; ὑποζυγίων Dsc. 4.185; of a man, nape of the neck, Il. 10.573: metaph., ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον ἔχειν have the neck under the yoke, i.e. obey patiently, S. Ant. 292; cf. εὔλοφος II.
    • II crest of a hill, ridge, Od. 11.596, 16.471, Hdt. 2.124; so always in Pi., as O. 8.17, N. 5.46, and in Th. 4.124, Pl. Lg. 682b.
    • III crest of a helmet, κυνέην . . ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν Il. 16.138, cf. 6.469, 15.537; λεῦκοι ἴππιοι λ. Alc. 15.2; χρύσεος λ. Il. 18.612, cf. 19.383; τρεῖς κατασκίους λ. σείει A. Th. 384, cf. Ar. Ach. 575, 586; λόφων ἐπένευον ἔθειραι Theoc. 22.186; of Carian origin acc. to Hdt. 1.171; λ. τε σείων Κάρικον Alc. 22; λ. ὑακινθοβαφής, on a Persian helmet, X. Cyr. 6.4.2; λ. τρίχινοι PSI 5.533.7 (iii B.C.); Ar. jeers at the λόφοι of Lamachus, Ach. 575, 586, 965 sq., 1074.—Rare in any of these senses in Att. Prose.
      • 2 after Hom., crest or tuft on the head of birds, whether of feathers, as the larkʼs crest, Simon. 68, cf. Arist. HA 617b20; or of flesh, as the cockʼs comb, Ar. Eq. 496, Av. 1366, Arist. HA 486b13, Phld. Rh. 2.188 S.: metaph., ῥήματα . . ὀφρῦς ἔχοντα καὶ λόφους Ar. Ra. 925.
      • 3 of men, tuft of hair upon the crown, λόφους κείρεσθαι shave so as to leave tufts, Hdt. 4.175; Χῖος λ. a tonsure in the middle of the head, Eust. 1462.38.
      • 4 of large fishes, = λοφιά, Plu. Sollert. 2.978a.

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