ἐπιβαίνω

ἐπιβαίνω, rarely ἐπι-βάω, imper. ἐπίβᾱ Thgn. 847, Dor. inf. ἐπιβῆν (infr. IV): fut. -βήσομαι: pf. -βέβηκα: aor. 2 ἐπέβην: aor. 1 Med. ἐπεβησάμην (of which Hom. always uses the Ep. form ἐπεβήσετο, imper. ἐπιβήσεο Il. 8.105, al.; later ἐπεβήσατο A.R. 3.869, Dor. -βάσατο Call. Lav.Pall. 65).

• Ain these tenses, intr., go upon:
• • I c. gen., set foot on, tread, walk upon, γαίης, ἠπείρου, Od. 9.83, h.Cer. 127; πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης, Il. 16.396, Od. 4.521, 14.229; ἀδύτων ἐπιβάς E. Andr. 1034 (lyr.); ἐ. τῶν οὔρων set foot on the confines, Hdt. 4.125, cf. Th. 1.103, Pl. Lg. 778e; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ X. HG 7.4.6; πυρῆς ἐπιβάντʼ ἀλεγεινῆς, of a corpse, placed upon . ., Il. 4.99; πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους Philostr. Im. 2.18; also ἐ. ἐπί τινος Hdt. 2.107.
  • • 2 get upon, mount on, πύργων Il. 8.165; νεῶν ib. 512; ἵππων 5.328, 10.513; δίφρου 23.379; εὐνῆς 9.133; τοῦ τείχεος Hdt. 9.70; λέκτρων ἐ. A. Supp. 39; also ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός Hdt. 8.118: freq. in Hom., in aor. Med., ἐπεβήσετʼ ἀπήνης Od. 6.78, al.
    • • b Archit., to be superposed, τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς IG 7.3073.104, cf. 111 (Lebad.).
    • 3 of Time, arrive at, τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν Pl. Lg. 666b; δεκάτω (sc. ἔτεος) ἐ. Theoc. 26.29; δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς IG 14.1728; τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας Hdn. 1.3.1.
    • 4 metaph., ἀναιδείης ἐπέβησαν have trodden the path of shamelessness, Od. 22.424; ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον enter into joy, 23.52; τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι, h.Merc. 166, 465; ὁσίης ib. 173; εὐσεβίας S. OC 189 (lyr.); ἐ. δόξης entertain an expectation, Id. Ph. 1463 (anap.); ἐ. σοφίας undertake it, Pl. Epin. 981a; λόγου Luc. Astr. 8; ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως, seize upon it, App. Syr. 2, Sam. 11, etc.; preside over, τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ψυχῆς Iamb. Myst. 9.8, al.
  • II c. dat., get upon, board, ναυσί Th. 7.70; land on, ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ D.S. 16.66: metaph., ἐ. ἀνορέαις Pi. N. 3.20; also, make forcible entry into, τινὸς οἰκίαις, γῇ, PHamb. 10.6 (ii A.D.), PAmh. 2.142.7 (iv A.D.).
  • • • b with a Prep., ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος ἐπιβέβηκε Hdt. 1.181.
    • 2 c. dat. pers., set upon, assault, τινί X. Cyr. 5.2.26, Plu. Cim. 15, etc.; simply, approach, dub. in Pi. Fr. 88.2.
    • 3 trample on, λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ Thgn. 847.
  • III c. acc.loci, light upon, in Hom. twice of gods lighting upon earth after their descent from Olympus, Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς, Il. 14.226, Od. 5.50; so πολλῶν ἐ. καιρόν light on the fit time, Pi. N. 1.18; then simply, go on to a place, enter it, γῆν καὶ ἔθνος Hdt. 7.50; λειμῶνʼ S. Aj. 144 (anap.): with Prep., ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν Decr.Amphict. ap. D. 18.154; εἰς Βοιωτίαν D.S. 14. 84.
  • • 2 rarely c. acc. pers., attack, only poet., S. Aj. 138 (anap.): metaph., of passion or suffering, Id. El. 492 (lyr.), Ph. 194 (anap.).
    • 3 mount, νῶθʼ ἵππων ἐπιβάντες Hes. Sc. 286: more freq. with Prep., ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον Hdt. 4.22; ἐπὶ νέα Id. 8.120, cf. Th. 1.111; but ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ, of made quadrupeds, cover a female, Arist. HA 539b26; so abs., ib. 574a20, al.: c. dat., Luc. Asin. 27: c. gen., Horap. 1.46, 2.78.
    • 4 ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος use, put oneʼs weight on, a broken leg, Hp. Fract. 18.
    • 5 with acc. of the Instr. of Motion (cf. βαίνω A.II.4), ἐπιβῆναι τῷ ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν Luc. DMeretr. 4.5, cf. Tox. 48.
  • IV abs., get a footing, stand on oneʼs feet, Il. 5.666, Od. 12.434; μἠπιβῆν it is forbidden to set foot here, IG 12(3).1381 (Thera).
  • • 2 step onwards, advance, Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε Il. 16.69, cf. Hes. Op. 679, f.l. in Pi. N. 10.43; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω S. OC 179 (s.v.l., lyr.): me taph., advance in oneʼs demands, Plb. 1.68.8.
    • 3 mount on a chariot or on horseback, be mounted, Hdt. 3.84; go or be on board ship, Il. 15.387, S. Aj. 358 (lyr.), Hdt. 8.90, Th. 2.90, etc.
• B Causal in fut. -βήσω Luc. DMort. 16[6].4, Ep. inf. -βησέμεν Il. 8.197, Hes. Th. 396, but usu. in aor. 1 Act. (ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιβάσκω serve as pres.):—make one mount, set him upon, ὅν ῥα τόθʼ ἵππων . . ἐπέβησε Il. 8.129; πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησʼ ἀλεγεινῆς 9.546; ὥς κʼ ἐμὲ . . ἐμῆς ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης Od. 7.223; ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν J. BJ 4.7.6; πλοίων ib. 11.5, cf. Luc. l.c.; ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν App. BC 5.92; τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς ib. 2.59: also in aor. 1 Med., νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω Call. Lav.Pall. 65.
• • • • b of things, νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας set the string on his bowʼs tip, B. 5.73.
    • 2 metaph. (cf. A.I.4), ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον bring to great glory, Il. 8.285; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων Hes. Th. 396; χαλιφρονέοντα σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν they bring him to sobriety, Od. 23.13; λιγυρῆς ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς Hes. Op. 659; δουλοσύνας (prob.) E. Hyps.Fr. 41(64).86; εἴ σε τύχη . . ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν had brought thee to full age, IG 2.2263.
    • 3 [ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου dawn sets them on their way, Hes. Op. 580.

ἐπιβαίνω, (βαίνω),
1) darauftreten, daraufschreiten, -gehen, γῆς, ἠπείρου, betreten, Od. 9.83, 85 ; πατρίδος αἴης 4.521, wie Eur. Or. 626 ; in Prosa oft, Her. 4.125 Thuc. 1.103 ; ἱερῶν Plat. Legg. IX.874b, wie Lys. 6.15 ; in feindlicher Absicht betreten, wohin man schon πρὶν Τροίης ἐπιβήμεναι υἷας Ἀχαιῶν Il. 14.229 rechnen kann ; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ Xen. Hell. 7.4.6 ; Αἰγύπτου Plat. Menex. 239c ; Sp.; εἰς Βοιωτίαν DS. 14.84 ; – ἵππων, δίφρου, auf den Wagen steigen, Il. 5.46, 16.343 ; νηῶν, πύργων 8.165, 512 ; häufig εὐνῆς, das Bett besteigen, wie πρὶν λέκτρων ἐπιβῆναι Aesch. Suppl. 39 ; Διὸς λεχέων ἐπέβας Eur. Hel. 376 ; νεῶν, τεθρίππων, Rhes. 93, Herc.Fur. 380 ; ἐπέβησαν τοῦ τείχεος, erstiegen die Mauer, Her. 9.70 ; vgl. Thuc. 4.116. – Auch mit dem acc., νῶθʼ ἵππων ἐπιβάντες Hes. Sc. 286 ; Πιερίην ἐπιβάς Od. 5.50, wie Il. 14.226 ; λειμῶνα, ἅλιον πλάταν, Soph. Aj. 144, 351 ; πέτραν, συζυγίαν πώλων, Eur. Bacch. 1097, Hipp. 1131 ; γῆν Her. 7.50 ; ἀγρόν Luc. Nigr. 26 ; – cum dat., in tmesi, ὅτε νηυσὶν ἐπʼ ὠκυπόροισιν ἔβαινον Il. 2.351 ; ταῖς ἀλλήλων ναυσίν Thuc. 7.70 ; Sp., wie Dion.Hal. 8.67 ; Luc. Tox. 48 u. öfter ; DL. 3.19. Und so übertr., ἀνορέαις ὑπερτάταις ἐπέβα Pind. N. 3.19. – Auch ἐπί c. acc., ἐπὶ τὴν νῆα Her. 8.120 ; ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς Thuc. 1.111, besteigen, aufsteigen, wie Xen. Hell. 3.4.1 ; ἐπὶ τὴν ἱερὰν χώραν Dem. 18.154 ; – u. ἐπί c. gen., ἐπὶ νεώς Her. 8.118 ; ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων Plut. virt. 377b. – Andere Vrbdgn sind ἄχρι μιλήτου ἐπιβ., bis Milet hinausgehen, Luc. D.Mort. 24.1 ; εἰς τὸν ἑσπέριον ὠκεανόν Plut. Caes. 23 ; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω, gehe weiter hinauf, Soph. O.C. 175 ; dgl. Pol. 1.68.8. Von Tieren, besteigen, bespringen, τὸ θῆλυ, Arist., auch ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ, H.A. 5.2 ; ταῖς ἵπποις, Luc. Asin. 27. – Wie πόληος ἐπιβ., Il. 16.396, hingelangen, erreichen ist, so wird auch vom Alter gesagt, τετταράκοντα δʼ ἐπιβαίνοντα ἐτῶν, Plat. Legg. II.666b, das Alter von 40 Jahren erreichen ; vgl. Hdn. 5.7 ; – feindlich auf Jemand losgehen, ihn angreifen, τῷ Ἀσσυρίῳ Xen. Cyr. 5.2.26 ; τοῖς ἀρίστοις Plut. Cim. 15, a.Sp. Bei Dichtern auch c. acc., σὲ δʼ ὅταν πληγὴ Διὸς ἐπιβῇ, wenn dich ein Schlag trifft, Soph. Aj. 138 ; τὰ παθήματα πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐπέβη Phil. 194, vgl. El. 483. – Absol., einherschreiten, gehen, μηροῦ ἐξερύσαι δόρυ – ὄφρʼ ἐπιβαίη, daß er auftreten, gehen könne, Il. 5.666 ; ὅσον ἐπιβᾶσα κορώνη ἴχνος ἐποίησεν Hes. O. 677 ; ῥυθμῷ πρὸς αὐλόν Plut. Lyc. 22 ; Luc. vrbdt damit auch πόδα, Tox. 48, D.meretr. 5.4, den Fuß wohin setzen. – Uebertr., teilhaftig werden, erlangen, ὄφρα σφῶϊν εὐφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον ἀμφοτέρω φίλον ἦτορ, eigtl. damit ihr in eurem Herzen zur Freude schreitet, Od. 23.52 ; ἀναιδείης, 22.424, sich zur Frechheit wenden ; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων Hes. Th. 396 ; τῆς εὐσεβίας ἐπιβαίνοντες Soph. O.C. 189, von Eust. εὐσεβοῦντες erkl., wie δόξης ποτὲ τῆσδʼ ἐπιβάντες Phil. 1449, = δοξάσαντες ; sp.D., wie τερπωλῆς Ap.Rh. 4.1165 ; selten in Prosa, wie τῶν μεγίστων σοφίας περὶ θεῶν γενέσεως ἐπιβ. Plat. Epin. 981a. Aehnl. ἀφορμῆς, die Gelegenheit ergreifen, App.; τοῦ λόγου, sich daran machen, Luc. Apol. 8.
2) transit. fut. ἐπιβήσω, aor. ἐπέβησα, hinaufsteigen, besteigen lassen, ὃν ἵππων ἐπέβησε Il. 8.129 ; πολλοὺς πυρῆς ἐπέβησε, brachte sie hinauf, 8.197 ; Ἠὼς – πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου Hes. O. 578 ; übertr., νὶν ἀρχαίας ἐπέβασε πότμος εὐαμερίας Pind. I. 1.39, wie χαλιφρονέοντα σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν Od. 23.13, ließen ihn zur Besonnenheit gelangen ; ἐϋκλείης ἐπίβησον, mache des Ruhms teilhaftig, Il. 8.285 ; vgl. λιγυρῆς ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς Hes. O. 657 ; so Sp., ἐπιβήσειν τινὰ τῆς σοροῦ Luc. D.Mort. 6.4 ; πάτρης, in das Vaterland hinführen, Od. 7.223 ; ψαμάθων αὐλίδος Eur. I.T. 215. – Hom. braucht noch ἐπιβήσεο, tritt auf, ὀχέων Il. 5.221, u. ἐπεβήσετο, = ἐπέβη, z.B. ὀχέων Il. 13.26 ; vgl. Ap.Rh. 4.458 ; aber Orph. Arg. 1193 steht ἐπεβήσατο = ἐπέβησε ; vgl. Callim. lav.Pall. 65. – Das pass. ἐπιβαθῆναι Schol. Thuc. 6.99.

ἐπιβαίνω

[ἐπι- 11 12 (14).]

• A

  Aor. ἐπέβην Od. 10.347, Od. 11.167, 482.

  1 pl. -ημεν Od. 9.83.

  3 pl. -ησαν Od. 22.424. ἐπέβαν Od. 23.238.

  2 dual subj. ἐπιβῆτον Od. 23.52.

  1 pl. ἐπιβήομεν Od. 6.262, Od. 10.334.

  Opt. ἐπιβαίην Il. 5.192: Od. 5.177.

  2 sing. -αίης Il. 14.299.

  3 sing. -αίη Il. 5.666: Od. 12.77.

  3 pl. -αῖεν Il. 8.512.

  Pple. ἐπιβάς, -ᾶσα Il. 4.99, Il. 5.328, Il. 14.226, Il. 15.387: Od. 5.50, Od. 10.480, Od. 13.319.

  Infin. ἐπιβήμεναι Il. 9.133, 275, Il. 19.176: Od. 7.196, Od. 10.340, 342, Od. 12.282, Od. 14.229. ἐπιβῆναι Od. 5.399, Od. 12.434.

  2 sing. fut. in mid. form ἐπιβήσεαι Il. 8.165.

  Dat. pl. masc. pple. ἐπιβησομένοισι Il. 23.379.

  3 sing. aor. ἐπεβήσετο (ἐπιβήσετο) Il. 8.44, Il. 10.513, 529, Il. 11.517, Il. 13.26, Il. 24.322: Od. 4.521, Od. 6.78.

  Imp. ἐπιβήσεο Il. 5.221, Il. 8.105, Il. 11.512.

  Acc. sing. masc. pple. ἐπιβησόμενον Il. 5.46, Il. 16.343.

• B

  Fut. infin. ἐπιβησέμεν Il. 8.197.

  3 sing. aor. ἐπέβησε Il. 8.129, Il. 9.546.

  3 pl. -ησαν Od. 23.13.

  2 pl. subj. ἐπιβήσετε Od. 7.223.

  Imp. ἐπίβησον Il. 8.285.

• I

  Intrans. in all forms except those under (B).

• • 1

    With genit., to set foot upon, get upon: πύργων Il. 8.165. Cf. Il. 12.444.

    Of horses Il. 23.379.

    Absol. Il. 15.387: Od. 12.77, 434.

    To embark upon (a ship or raft): νεῶν Il. 8.512: σχεδίης Od. 5.177. Cf. Od. 4.708, Od. 9.101, Od. 13.319.

    Of landing from a ship upon: πατρίδος αἴης Od. 4.521. Cf. Od. 7.196, Od. 9.83, Od. 11.167, 482, Od. 12.282.

    So of coming to shore out of the sea: ἠπείρου Od. 5.399. Cf. Od. 23.238.

    To mount (a chariot, etc.): ἵππων Il. 5.46. Cf. Il. 5.192, 221, Il. 8.44, Il. 11.512, Il. 24.322, etc.: Od. 6.78.

    To mount (a horse): ἵππων ἐπεβήσετο (app. meaning one of them) Il. 10.513, 529.

    To mount, place oneself upon (a bed): εὐνῆς Il. 9.133 = 275 = Il. 19.176: Od. 10.334, 340, 342, 347, 480.

    Of a corpse, to take its place, be placed, upon (the pyre): πυρῆς Il. 4.99.

  • 2

    To make one’s way to, proceed to.

    With genit.: πόληος Il. 16.396: Od. 14.229.

    So to make one’s way to and reach: πόλιος Od. 6.262.

  • 3

    To set foot within; hence, fig., with genit., to have enjoyment of: ἐϋφροσύνης Od. 23.52.

    To embark upon a course of, give oneself up to: ἀναιδείης Od. 22.424.

  • 4

    To traverse by flying over.

    With acc.: πιερίην Il. 14.226: Od. 5.50.

  • 5

    Absol., to go on one’s own feet (as opposed to being carried) Il. 5.666.

• II

  Trans. in forms (B).

• • 1

    With genit., to cause to embark upon (a ship): Ἀχαιοὺς νηῶν ἐπιβησέμεν Il. 8.197.

    To set on shore from a ship upon: ἐμῆς πάτρης Od. 7.223.

    To cause to mount (a chariot): ἵππων Il. 8.129.

    To cause (a person) to take his place upon (the pyre) (i.e. slay him): πολλοὺς πυρῆς ἐπέβησεν Il. 9.546.

  • 2

    Fig., with genit., to bring within the pale of, bring into the enjoyment of: ἐϋκλείης Il. 8.285.

    To bring into a course of, lead to adopt: σαοφροσύνης Od. 23.13.

ἐπιβαίνω (-βαίνει; aor. -έβᾶν, -έβᾶ; -έβᾶσε.)

• 1
• • a c. acc. set foot upon ἀλλʼ ἁ Κοιογενὴς ὁπότʼ ἐπέβα νιν (= Δᾶλον). (v. l. ἐπιβαίνειν) fr. 33d. 4. met., touch upon πολλῶν ἐπέβαν καιρὸν οὐ ψεύδει βαλών (“gleichzeitig ist πολλῶν auch Objekt zu βαλών” Radt, Mnem., 1966, 153) N. 1.18 [ἐπέβα δὲ (coni. Wil.: ἕπεται δὲ codd.) N. 10.37]
  • b come over (sc. as a cloud, so as to obscure) c. acc. ἀλλʼ αἶνον ἐπέβα κόρος O. 2.95 ἐπὶ μὰν βαίνει τι καὶ λάθας ἀτέκμαρτα νέφος O. 7.45
  • c c. dat., embark upon, attain to ἀνορέαις ὑπερτάταις ἐπέβα παῖς Ἀριστοφάνεος N. 3.20
• 2 aor. 1 in causal sense, made to go upon c. acc. & gen. νῦν δʼ αὖτις ἀρχαίας ἐπέβασε Πότμος συγγενὴς εὐαμερίας (put him on the path of, Farnell) I. 1.39

ἐπιβαίνω , fut. inf. ἐπιβησέμεν, aor. 1 ἐπέβησα, subj. ἐπιβήσετε, imp. ἐπίβησον, aor. 2 ἐπέβην, subj. du. ἐπιβῆτον, 1 pl. ἐπιβείομεν, mid. fut. ἐπιβήσομαι, aor. ἐπεβήσετο: set foot on, mount, go on board; w. gen. γαίης, ἵππων, νηῶν, εὐνῆς, Od. 10.334; πυρῆς, Il. 4.99; fig., ἀναιδείης ἐπιβῆναι, ‘tread the path of insolence,’ Od. 22.424, Od. 23.52; w. acc. Πιερίην, Il. 14.226, Od. 5.50.—Aor. 1 and fut. act., causative, τινὰ ἵππων, make one mount the car, Il. 8.129; πυρῆς, of bringing men to their death, Il. 9.546; πάτρης, bringing one home, Od. 7.223; and fig., ἐυκλείης, σαοφροσύνης, Il. 8.285, Od. 23.13.

ἐπιβαίνω fut. -βήσομαι perf. - βέβηκα aor2 -έβην imperat. ἐπιβῆθι or ἐπίβα aor1 mid., ἐπεβησάμην Hom. always uses the Ionic aor1 form ἐπεβήσετο imperat. ἐπιβήσεο

• Ain fut. and aor. mid., perf. act., and athematic aor., intr., to go upon:
• • Ic. gen. to set foot on, tread or walk upon, Hom., Attic:—also, ἐπ. ἐπί τινος Hdt.
  • • 2to get upon, mount on, νεῶν ἵππων Hom., Hdt.;—also, ἐπ. ἐπὶ νηός Hdt.
    • 3of Time, to arrive at, Plat.
    • 4metaph., ἐπʼ ἀναιδείης ἐπ. to indulge in impudence, Od.; εὐσεβίας ἐπ. to observe piety, Soph.
  • IIc. dat. to mount upon, get upon, ναυσί Thuc.:—also, ἐπ. ἐπὶ πύργῳ Hdt.
  • • 2c. dat. pers. to set upon, attack, assault, τινί Xen.
  • IIIc. acc. loci, to light upon, Hom.: simply, to go on to a place, to enter it, Hdt.
  • • 2c. acc. to attack, like ἐπέρχομαι, Soph.:dnum [3.] to mount, νῶθʼ ἵππων Hes.; ἵππον Hdt.
  • IVabsol. to get a footing, Od.
  • • 2to step onwards, advance, Hes., Soph.
    • 3to mount on a chariot or on horseback, be mounted, Il., Hdt.: to go or be on board ship, Il., Soph., etc.
• BCausal in aor1 act. (ἐπιβιβάζω serves as pres.), to make one mount, set him upon, ἵππων ἐπέβησε Il.; πυρῆς ἐπέβησε Il.
• • • 2metaph., εὐκλεΐης ἐπίβησον bring to great glory, Il.; σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν they bring him to sobriety, Od.