Logeion | carnifex

carnĭfex or carnŭfex, fĭcis, m. [v. caro-facio],

an executioner, hangman, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 37 (676); id. Capt. 5, 4, 22 (1019); id. Rud. 3, 6, 19 (857); Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118; id. Phil. 11, 3, 7; id. Quint. 15, 50; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 12; Quint. 5, 10, 59; Lucr. 3, 1017; Cat. 97, 12; Juv. 8, 175 al.; this office was considered so disgraceful that he was not permitted to live in the city, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4 sq.; but in the Subura, Mart. 2, 17, 1 sqq.—
- - - b As a term of reproach, scoundrel, villain, rascal, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 220 (372); 2, 1, 41 (591); Ter. And. 183; id. Eun. 670; Cic. Pis. 5, 11.—
II Trop., tormenter, murderer, Ter. And. 651 Don.; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 9; Liv. 2, 35, 1; 2, 56, 8; 2, 42, 23 fin.: Fortuna gloriae carnifex, murderer, destroyer of fame, Plin. 28, 4, 7, § 39. —Poet., adj., murderous, killing: carnifex avis, Mart. 11, 84, 10: pedes (sc. podagrici), id. 12, 48, 10: manus, Sil. 1, 173: epulae, deadly, Claud. B. Gild. 178: libido, Arn. 1, 41.

carnifex (arch. carnufex), ficis, m. (2. caro u. facio), I) der Stockmeister, ein öffentlicher Sklave, der in Rom jene Strafen zu vollziehen hatte, mit denen nur Sklaven und Fremde belegt wurden, bes. die grausamen Stäupungen u. Folterungen, die den Hinrichtungen vorangingen, und als Scharfrichter, Henker die Hinrichtungen (namentl. das Kreuzigen) selbst vollzog, s. bes. Plaut. Bacch. 688; capt. 1019; rud. 857. Cic. Verr. 5, 118. – Sein Amt galt für so entehrend, daß er nicht einmal in der Stadt wohnen durfte, Cic. Rab. perd. 16, sondern vor der porta Metia (= Esquilina), jenseit des Caelius mons (in der sogen. Subura), Mart. 2, 17. – Dah. carnifex auch als entehrendes Schimpfwort, Henkers- od. Schinderknecht, Galgenvogel, Schurke, Komik., Cic. u.a. – II) übtr., der Schinder = Peiniger, Folterer, carnifex meus, Ter.: c. civium sociorumque, Cic.: eum sibi carnificem novum exortum, Liv. – attrib. = henkerisch = peinigend, tötend, Mart. u.a.: hic carnifex animus, eine Henkerseele, Plin. 7, 43.

carnifex [CL] 1 executioner, slayer. sic quoque carnifices torrebant igne puellam Aldh. VirgV 1752; instante ~fice mortem laeti subiere temporalem Bede HE IV 14; 959 (14c) sciat se sodalem ~ficis Jude CS 1030; s1040 [Heardecanutus] Thrond suum ~ficem et alios magne dignitatis viros Lundoniam misit Fl. Worc. I 194; lanista vel ~fex ‥, hylderevel cwellere Ælf. Sup.; principem ipsum ‥ ~fices cruenti communiter invadunt Gir. EH II 30; c1198 in pontificibus / regnant carnifices; / in carnificibus / insunt pontifices (Pol. Poems) EHR V 323. 2 butcher, flesher. ~fex vel macellarius, ‥ flæctawere Ælf. Sup.; 1225 A. Blundus ~fex de Carelton’ Rec. Leic. I 26; 1278 J. le N. est ~fex extra burgum, set dat per annum vj d. SelPlMan 89; ~fices servient burgensibus tempore occisionis, sc. a festo S. Martini usque ad Natale Domini, de carnibus suis preparandis et conficiendis in lardariis Leg. IV Burg. 64; 1371 quod ~fices [OF: bouchers] non jactent feces inter pontem et Fratres Minores Mem. York I 15; c1370 carnificum nati patrui de stirpe creati [gl.: omnes reges Francie ‥ de genere fuerunt ~ficum] (J. Bridl.) Pol. Poems I 206–7; 1393 hic sunt artifices, ibi carnifices, ibi tector (R. Maidstone) Ib. 285; s1399 quem [Rogerum] villa Walden ‥ ex ~ficis filio ad premissa [sc. archiepiscopatum] ‥ sublimavit Ad. Usk 38; 1412 J. est communis ~fex capiens lucrum excessivum Banstead II 94; hic ~fex, A. bochere WW.

carnĭfex (10) (arch. carnu- ), ĭcis, m. , (caro 2, facio), le bourreau public [esclave exécuteur des hautes œuvres] : Pl. Capt. 1019 ; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 118 ; Rab. perd. 16 || [fig.] bourreau, homme qui torture : Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9 || [injure] bourreau, pendard : Pl. , Ter. ; Cic. Pis. 11 || [poét.] pedes carnifices Mart. 12, 48, 10, pieds qui torturent [goutteux].

carni-fex (arch. carnufex), ficis m (caro¹ en facio)

1. beul, scherprechter;
2. folteraar;
3. als scheldw.: schurk.

carnifex , icis. m. f.
劊子手。皂班。

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carnifex , icis. adj.
兇。虐。

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, Lanius qui carnes vendit et facit, vulgo nostris Boucher. Ugutio : Carnifex, homicida, vel macellator, vel Carnifex dicitur, qui facit carnes. Carnificina, macellum. Adalbero Laudunens. Episcop. in Carm. ad Robertum Regem : Non sunt Carnifices, caupones, necne subulci. Leges Burgorum Scotic. cap. 70 : De Carnificibus et carnibus vendendis, etc. Index MS. redituum Monasterii Corbeiensis : Carnifices in introitu solvent duos sextarios vini et duos in exitu. Charta Bolconis Ducis Silesiæ pro civitate Friburg. ann. 1337. apud Ludewig. Reliq. MSS. tom. 6. pag. 42 : Pistores, sutores, Carnifices, sartores et fabri, et præcipue in Cirla, ubi taberna ab antiquo habita quatuor macellis est exempta. Utitur etiam Menotus Serm. Quadrag. fol. 102. verso col. 1. Bullarium Fontanell. fol. 115. recto, etc. Decret, lib. 2. tit. 28. cap. 69. , apud Florentium Wigorn. et Hovedenum ann. 1040. recensetur inter majora officia et ministeria Regia : Rex Hardekunutus Alfricum Eboracensem Archiepiscopum, Godwinum Comitem, Steir Majorem domus, Edvicum Dispensatorem, Thrond suum Carnificem, et alios magnæ dignitatis viros Londinum misit. Galli Magnum Cocum, le grand Queus, vocarunt. , scilicet mactare. Vet. Vocabul. Juris utriusque. , Carnarium, Laniarium Gall. Boucherie, in Codice MS. redituum Episcopatus Autissiod. ex Chartophylacio Episcopi ejusdem urbis, in libro Anniversariorum Monasterii S. Germani a Pratis fol. 5. verso, et in Hist. hujus Abbatiæ Jacobi Bouillart Instrum. pag. lxx. col. 1. , Eadem notione. Litteræ Johannis Regis Franc. ann. 1356. tom. 3. Ordinat. pag. 76 : Item, quod de carnibus grossis, que in macello seu Carnificerio dicte ville vendentur, etc. , Eodem intellectu, in mox laudato Anniv. libro fol. 11. verso et fol. 17. , Idem. Vide Carnifex. , , Cædes, strages. Gasp. Barthii Gloss. apud Ludewig. tom. 3. Reliq. MSS. pag. 115. ex Hist. Palæst. Roberti Monachi. Rymer. tom. 16. pag. 216. col. 2 : Ut acerbissimis hostibus... patria, libertas, religio, leges prædæ et miserabili Carnificinæ exponerentur. Galli eadem notione dicimus, Carnage, Boucherie, Massacre. , Summa crudelitas, Gall. Cruauté. Bern. Breydenbach Itiner. Hierosol. pag. 157 : An potest misericordia Dei, cujus non est numerus nec mensura, tantam sustinere Carnificiam tormentorum ? Vel ad quid, inquiunt, tantam multitudinem damnandorum creavit Deus ? Et pag. 161 : Ut quid, inquiunt, sustinet divina bonitas tantam stragem hominum quos creavit ? An delectat eum Carnificia tormentorum infernalium ? , Idem qui Carnifex, Lanius. Charta Libertatum oppidi S. Palladii in Biturig. ex MS. Coislin. : Item, quilibet Carnificus de qualibet vacca, etc. , Carnificis uxor, vel quævis alia mulier, quæ carnes vendit, Gall. Bouchere. Miracula B. Simonis de Lipnica, tom. 4. SS. Julii pag. 530 : Item, Margareta Pawlowa de platea S. Nicolai Cracoviæ Carnificissa. , Macellum, in Gloss. Arabico-Lat. , Alia notione, Tributum e carnibus venalibus exactum apud Lobinellum Hist. Britan. tom. 2. pag. 197 : Præterea etiam dedi et concessi jam dictis Monachis xxx. sol. quos annuatim percipiebam in quodam redditu meo apud Rogeium, qui Carnificium vocatur.

carnifex or carnufex ficis, m

caro + 2 FAC-, an executioner, hangman: carnificum cruciamenta: iacens Inter carnifices, Iu.: suus, his destroyer: tuus, employed by you: O carnifex, scoundrel.—A tormentor, murderer: meus, T.: civium, butcher: ad vexandam plebem creatus, L.

CARNIFEX

CARN´IFEXthe public executioner at Rome, who put slaves and foreigners to death (Plant. Bacch. 4.4, 37; Capt. 5.4, 22), but no citizens except in the case of those convicted of perduellio, and occasionally under the empire. It was also his business to administer the torture. He was usually a public slave, and his office was considered so disgraceful that he was not allowed to reside within the city (Cic. pro Rab. Perd. 5, 15), but he lived without the Porta Esquilina (Plant. Pseud. 1.3, 98; cf. Ritschl, Opusc. 2.382), near the place destined for the punishment of slaves (Plant. Cas. 2.6, 2; Tac. Ann. 15.60; Hor. Epod. 5.99), called Sestertium or Sessorium under the emperors (Plut. Galb. 28).

It is thought by some writers, from a passage in Plautus (Rud. 3.6, 19), that the carnifex was anciently keeper of the prison under the triumviri capitales; but there does not appear sufficient authority for this opinion. (Lipsius, Excurs. ad Tacit. Ann. 2.32.) [W.S] [A. S. W.]

carnifex

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