indurare

indurare [CL] 1 to make hard, harden (also fig.); b (solid parts of human or animal body); c (congealed liquids); d (food, sc. by cooking or preserving). e to harden, season (timber). f to protect or reinforce (body or thing) by hard covering. g to make (part of body) stiff, unsupple. omnis terra congelata erat et ~ata ‥; ~ata erat, quia non habebat aliquam mollitiem pietatis Ailr. Serm. 18. 5. 299B; sulphur provenit ex pinguedine terre ‥ inspissata quousque ~etur et sicca fiat Correct. Alch. 7; in tegula ‥ que actione caloris constringitur et ~atur Quaest. Salern. N 60; ignis ‥ indurat mollia, dura / emollit Neckam DS IV 5 p. 420; ~ata in globum terra [Trevisa: yharded into a clotte] Bart. Angl. XVI 48; Ps.-Gros. Summa 628 (v. expressivus 1a); hec massa in modum lapidis ~ata (Geraldus 1) VSH II 107.  b contingit quandoque cerebrum ~ari per partium extremarum ad medium reductionem Quaest. Salern. N 43; dicit idem [Augustinus; cf. PL 37. 1323] quod cum [aquila] senuerit, ita ~atur [Trevisa: waxiþ so hard] et incurvatur rostrum ejus ut ‥ Bart. Angl. XII 1 p. 516; lenitiva substantiam membri leniunt et mollificant, compressiva ~ant et exasperant Gilb. VI f. 238. 2; qui [nervi] in principio sui molles sunt et gradatim et successive ~antur Ps.-Ric. Anat. 41 p. 27.  c nasus ‥ sanguine ~ato concretus erat Ad. Eyns. Visio 13A; Bart. Angl. IV 4 (v. duritia 1b); humor ‥ ~atur Gilb. III 130v. 2 (v. durities 1c); de urina lincis ‥ quae ~atur in lapidem SB 27.  d caro salsa sale ~ata Gad. 29. 2; ignem cum quo panem preparatum ~aret [vv. ll.: duraret, dureret] (Lasrianus 7) VSH II 132.  e de bono ‥ mearemio de corde quercino bene siccato et ~ato Building in Eng. 490.  f Dani audentiores effecti ferratisque induviis ~ati occurrunt Anglis Enc. Emmae II 9; in extremo baculus ferro ~atur Hon. GA 610D.  g Gir. Symb. 10 p. 235 (v. cursor 1a). 2 to make robust, fit, tough. ~ati bellatores animos et vires resumpserunt Ord. Vit. XII 18 p. 359; divinus ignis ‥ eos [sc. apostolos] ‥ ~avit ad penam Ailr. Ed. Conf. 748c; a1197 corpus indurant aspera (Pol. Poems) EHR V 320; H. Avr. Poems 27. 5 (v. flexibilitas). 3 to make obdurate, obstinate, stubborn: a (oneself or another person); b (cor, mentem, or sim.). c to make (vice) inveterate. a ~ati frigore suae malitiae Abbo Edm. 5; obstinato corde se ipsum ~avit, et mandatum viri Dei servare neglexit Wulf. Æthelwold 33; [Deus] dicitur hominem ~are [Rom. ix 18] cum non emollit Anselm (Praesc. II 2) II 261; ille in sua pertinatia male ~atus Ord. Vit. III 3 p. 45; ~atus ut Pharao [e. g. Exod. xiii 15] Ib. VIII 24 p. 422; quis hic indurabitur, / cum in virginali flore / fons cruoris oritur? J. Howd. Sal. 12. 7; penalia legis predicte exequenda in rebellem populum si sic finaliter persisterent ~ati G. Hen. V 6 p. 36; 1425 in eodem [sc. errore] ‥ manet ~atus et irrevocabiliter obstinatus ‥; occasione ‥ induracionis et obstinacie hujusmodi ‥ pertinax est censendus Reg. Cant. III 128.  b ut ‥ / inspires tuum indurato pectore amorem Alcuin Carm. 124. 11; quanto stupore ~atum est cor meum Anselm (Or. 14) III 57; gens ‥ cervicis dure, immo ~ate Chr. Evesham 25; o mens indurata, / cur non es multata / fletus fluvio ‥? J. Howd. Sal. 41. 4; Favent 8 (v. enucleare 2a).  c ~ata aliquorum pestilentum pertinacia (Bulla Papae) CS 11; mali malitium hoc audientis ~o ‥; sicque se in suo peccato confirmat Alex. Cant. Dicta 7 p. 144; ~ata in regem pervicacia W. Malm. GR III 254; obstinata et ~ata perfidia Gir. PI I 17 p. 65. 4 (intr.) to become hard. femur in more calli ~averat, quia naturale officium sedendi nates non habebant R. Cold. Cuthb. 48 p. 99; humor cadens super oculum ~at Gilb. III 130v. 2. 5 f. l. 1287 penis ‥ in suo robore ‥ †induraturis [Conc. Syn. 1011: duraturis] Conc. II 141a.