obnoxius

ob-noxĭus, a, um, adj.

• Lit.
• • A Subject, liable to punishment, obnoxious to punishment, punishable: obnoxius poenae obligatus ob delictum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 191 Müll.: ego tibi me obnoxium esse fateor culpae compotem, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 61 (835); Dig. 48, 15, 1: ego lege Aquiliā obnoxius sum, ib. 11, 3, 14.—
  • B Liable or addicted to a fault or failing, guilty of it (cf.: deditus, addictus); constr.
  • • 1 With dat.: animus neque delicto neque lubidini obnoxius, not addicted to vice or to sensual pleasures, Sall. C. 52, 21: communi culpae, Ov. A. A. 1, 395: facto, Tib. 3, 4, 15.—
    • 2 With gen.: obnoxios criminum, digno supplicio subjectos, sepulturae tradi non vetamus, for, on account of, Cod. Just. 3, 44, 11.—
• II Transf., in gen.
• • A Subject, submissive, obedient, complying: dum illos obnoxios fidosque sibi faceret, Sall. C. 14, 6: obnoxium atque subjectum esse alicui, Liv. 7, 30, 2; 6, 28, 7; 23, 12, 9; 37, 53, 4; 42, 46, 3; Flor. 4, 4, 2. —
  • B Obliged, under obligation, beholden, indebted, responsible, answerable: uxori obnoxius sum, Ter. Hec. 302: totam Graeciam beneficio libertatis obnoxiam Romanis esse, Liv. 35, 31: fratris radiis obnoxia Luna, Verg. G. 1, 396: facies nullis obnoxia gemmis, not indebted to any jewels, Prop. 1, 2, 21: tantum in eo obnoxius est, si quid ipse dolo fecerit, Gai. Inst. 3, 207.—
  • C Exposed to a person, humbled before one: ne obnoxius filio sim et servo, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 80 (1199).—
  • D Submissive, abject, servile, slavish, mean-spirited, timid, cowardly, etc.: non quibus ego essem obnoxius, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 150 (745): summissaeque manus, faciesque obnoxia mansit, Ov. M. 5, 235: si aut superbus, aut obnoxius videar, Liv. 23, 12: pax, servile, dishonorable, id. 9, 10.—
  • • 2 Subject, liable, exposed, obnoxious to any thing; with dat., ad, or in and acc.
    • • • α With dat.: infidis consiliis obnoxius, Tac. H. 3, 55: insidiis, id. A. 14, 40: infelici fecunditate fortunae, exposed, id. ib. 2, 75: aemulationi, odio, privatis affectionibus, id. ib. 3, 58: morbo, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 221: contumeliis, Suet. Tib. 63: bello, Ov. P. 1, 8, 73: plerique Crasso ex negotiis privatis obnoxii, Sall. C. 48, 5: urbs artis itineribus (sc. incendiis), Tac. A. 15, 38.—
        • β With ad: terra solida ad tales casus obnoxia, exposed to such accidents (viz. earthquakes), Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 197.—
        • γ With in and acc.: in omnia obnoxius, exposed to every thing, Flor. 3, 20, 1. —
    • 3 In gen., exposed or liable to injury, danger, or misfortune, weak, infirm, frail: in hoc obnoxio domicilio animus liber habitat, Sen. Ep. 65, 21: supplex et obnoxius, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 17, 6: corpora, sickly, weakly, Plin. 31, 6, 32, § 60: flos, which soon falls off, soon suffers injury, frail, delicate, id. 14, 2, 4, § 27.—
    • • b Obnoxium est, it is hazardous, dangerous, Tac. Or. 10.—Comp.: obnoxior (al. noxior), Sen. Clem. 1, 13.—Hence, adv.: obnoxĭē (only in Plaut. and Liv.).
  • A Guiltily, culpably: nihil obnoxie perire, quite innocently, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 41 (494).—
  • B Submissively, slavishly, timidly: sententias dicere, Liv. 3, 39, 1.

obnoxius, a, um (ob u. noxa), irgend etw. Verletzendem verfallen, I) im engeren Sinne, einer Strafe od. strafbaren Schuld verfallen, straffällig, α) m. Dat. pers.: ego tibi me obnoxium esse fateor, Plaut. truc. 835. – β) m. Dat. der Schuld, animus neque delicto neque libidini obnoxius, weder einem Verbrechen noch der Frivolität verfallen, Sall.: culpae communi, Ov.: turpi facto, Tibull. – γ) m. Genet. der Schuld, wegen usw., criminum, Cod. Iustin.: pecuniae debitae, Liv. – δ) absol., obnoxius et supplex, Cic. ep. ad Brut.: ego lege Aquiliā obnoxius sum, ICt.: obn. capita vestra, Liv. – II) im weiteren Sinne: A) jmds. Willkür usw. unterworfen = untertan, untertänig, gehorsam, knechtisch ergeben, willfährig, 1) eig., Sall., Liv. u.a.: subiecti atque obnoxii vobis, Liv.: iis obnoxii, quibus etc., von Leuten abhängig, die usw., Sall.: amori uxoris obnoxius, seiner Gattin in Liebe zugetan, Tac. – 2) übtr.: a) von fremdem Willen abhängig, durch den Zwang der Verhältnisse gebunden, verpflichtet, Ter., Sall. u. Liv.: luna radiis fratris obnoxia, Verg.: facies nullis obnoxia gemmis, keinem Edelsteine verpflichtet, Prop. – b) unterwürfig, ohnmächtig, unselbständig, sklavisch, knechtisch, niederträchtig von Gesinnung = demütig, furchtsam, schwach (Ggstz. superbus; s. Dietsch Sall. Cat. 48, 5. Fabri Sall. Iug. 31, 3. Kritz Sall. hist. fr. 4, 19, 4. Gronov Sen. de ira 3, 8 in.), Sall. fr., Liv. u.a.: pax obnoxia, ein knechtischer, feiger Friede, Liv. – B) einem Übel unterworfen = preisgegeben, ausgesetzt, sehr empfänglich für ein Übel, α) m. Dat.: irae, Sen.: bello, Ov.: periculo, Phaedr. (vgl. vides, quot periculis, quot contumeliis, quot ludibriis simus obnoxii, Plin. ep.): corpora morbis obnoxia, Tac.: mespila quoque in senecta obnoxia ei morbo, Plin.: arbores, quae frigoribus obnoxiae sunt, Liv. – β) m. ad u. Akk.: pars eius ad tales casus obnoxia, Plin. 2, 197. – γ) m. in u. Akk.: per fortunam in omnia obnoxii, Flor. 3, 20, 1. – δ) absol. = der Gefahr und dem Unglücke ausgesetzt, schwach, in hoc domicilio obnoxio animus liber habitat, Sen.: corpus, kränklich, schwächlich, Plin.: flos, die bald abfällt, bald Schaden leidet, schwach, Plin. – obnoxium est, es ist bedenklich, gefährlich, m. folg. Infin., Tac. dial. 10. Nipp. (Halm liest offensae).

obnoxius [CL] 1 bound (to), indebted, obliged (usu. w. dat.); b (w. gen. to indicate cause of indebtedness). 796 igitur infantes, ratione non utentes, aliorum peccatis ~ii ‥ per baptismi sacramentum salvari possunt Alcuin Ep. 110; donum igitur vestrum nequaquam vobis reddo ne quo modo minus vobis reddar ~ius Anselm (Ep. 1) III 98; quod negotium, tum quia omnino eramus ~ii adinvicem, libens concessi Dominic V. Ecgwini I 9; ut in nullo vobis ~ius foret vel astrictus Gir. SD 108; 1227 ut munificentie vestre liberalitatem ‥ multiplici gratiarum actione prosequi debeamus, specialiores et obnixiores [sic MS] solito vobis effecti Pat 35.  b si servilis aut ex origine non est conditionis ~ius Egb. Dial. 410; ei non solum Cantia ingentis beneficii est ~ia W. Malm. GP I 12 (= Gerv. Cant. AP 347). 2 subservient (to), under the power or authority of. Christiani ‥ Turcis ~ii Ord. Vit. IX 9 p. 520. 3 liable or subject (to) (also leg.): a (of person); b (of land). a c1170 magne pecunie dampno ~ius erit Hexham I 20; 1549 poenis etiam canonicis sese sciant esse ~ios Conc. Scot. II 108.  b ut exempti sitis ad decimarum solutione, quibus ~ie terre erant P. Blois Ep. 82. 253B. 4 exposed or susceptible (to). operum ‥ bonorum perfectionem liberam et nulli ~iam perturbationi possidet Bede Cant. 1068; vitam temporalem et morti ~iam agebat in carne Id. Ep. Cath. 116; domestico ~ius veneno W. Malm. GR III 262; caro nostra ‥ afflicta infirmitatibus, ~ia passionibus P. Blois Ep. 11. 34C. 5 guilty or accused (of); b (w. gen.); c (w. abl. or in & abl.); d (as sb. m.) guilty person. ~ius, scyldig GlC O 106; quod autem et regi et his qui ~ii videntur adeo condescendimus W. Malm. GR V 416.  b quia quicumque illuc confugerit, cujuscumque criminis ~ius, subsidium invenit W. Malm. GR II 172; proditores eos proclamant ac laesae majestatis criminis ~ios Chauncy Passio 86.  c Adam praevaricator extitit et isti quoque praevaricatione ejus ~ii fuere Comm. Cant. II 17; 800 qui in simili praevaricatione ut ego nequaquam ~ii sunt Ep. Alcuin. 199 p. 330.  d quatinus innocens sine ulla difficultate hoc pabulum probationis deglutiat, ~ius autem ‥ nullatenus devorandi valetudinem percipiat (Jud. Dei 3.2) GAS 409; c1440 ~ium cohercere et innocentem ‥ liberare FormOx 465. 6 (w. ref. to crippling) deprived (of), injured (in). omnes ‥ exules faceret vel membris ~ios G. Herw. f. 329. 7 obnoxious, harmful (in quot., as sb.). quippe multis ~iis, qui vix aliorum dictamina ‥ intelligere ‥ quiveram nedum propria incudere sufficiens, sed velut barbarus aliorum linguam infringens temere commendavi Nen. HB Pref. p. 126.

obnoxĭus, (10) a, um (ob et noxa), ¶ 1 soumis à qqn, redevable à qqn pour une faute ; [dʼoù] punissable par qqn, qui mérite de qqn une peine (alicui) : Pl. Truc. 807 || pecuniæ creditæ Liv. 8, 28, 9, responsable pour de lʼargent prêté ¶ 2 lié (soumis) à une faute, à une chose délictueuse ; [avec dat.] : animus in consulundo liber, neque delicto neque lubidini obnoxius Sall. C. 52, 21, dans les délibérations un esprit libre, que nʼenchaînait aucune faute, aucune passion || coupable de : turpi facto Tib. 3, 4, 15, coupable dʼun acte honteux || pris subst^t  : obnoxii criminum Cod. Just. 3, 44, 11, les coupables de crimes ¶ 3 [en gén.] soumis à, dépendant de, alicui, alicui rei : Sall. C. 14, 6 ; Liv. 7, 30, 2 ; 23, 12, 9 ; 37, 53, 4, etc. || redevable à, qui a des obligations à, alicui, alicui rei : Virg. G. 1, 396 ; Liv. 35, 31, 8 || à la discrétion de, assujetti à, esclave de, alicui, de qqn : Sall. C. 48, 5 ; [abs^t ] obnoxiis inimicis Sall. J. 31, 3, vos ennemis étant à votre discrétion, à votre merci, cf. H. 4, 19 ; supplex et obnoxius Brut. d. Cic. ad Br. 1, 17, 6, suppliant et esclave (pliant lʼéchine) ; pax obnoxia Liv. 9, 10, 4, paix servile, avilissante ; in hoc domicilio obnoxio animus liber habitat Sen. Ep. 65, 21, dans cette demeure jamais affranchie habite un esprit libre ¶ 4 exposé à [qqch. de fâcheux, de mauvais], sujet à ; [avec dat.] : iræ Sen. Ira 2, 23, 3, sujet à la colère ; insidiis Tac. Ann. 14, 40, exposé aux embûches ; infidis consiliis Tac. H. 3, 55, susceptible de recevoir des conseils perfides ; [avec ad ] Plin. 2, 197 ; [avec in acc.] Flor. 3, 20, 1 || [abs^t ] exposé au danger, faible : corpora obnoxia Plin. 31, 60, corps exposés aux maladies ; flos obnoxius Plin. 14, 27, fleur fragile || obnoxium est avec inf. Tac. D. 10, il est dangereux de.

➳ v. Gell. 6, 17 sur ce mot.

obnoxius , a, um. adj.
有罪者。可罰。可受害。服者。— fortunae 可罹凶。吉凶未定 — irae 易忿怒者。— gratiae judex 可贿之官。— animus 卑志意者。Nulli obnoxius 不賴於人。Terra procellis obnoxia 有風暴之處。Obnoxia pax 無顏之平和。Corpora obnoxia 病之身。Arva nulli obnoxia curae 不用種之田。Mens turpi obnoxia facto 有醜事虧心。Obnoxia valetudo 嬌嫩身體。

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ob-noxius adj.,

• liable, addicted, guilty: animus lubidini, S.: Terra nulli obnoxia bello, exposed, O.: Obnoxium est (withinfin.), it is dangerous, Ta. —Subject, submissive, obedient, complying, servile: vobis, L.: pars (hominum) pravis obnoxia, H.: Crasso ex privatis negotiis, under the influence of, S.: amori uxoris, Ta.—Servile, abject, weak, timid: facies obnoxia, O.: obnoxius videar, L.: pax, dishonorable, L.—Obliged, under obligation, indebted, responsible, answerable: uxori, T.: Graecia beneficio libertatis Romanis, L.: hominum non ulli curae, dependent on, V.: facies nullis obnoxia gemmis, indebted, Pr.