sagitta

Stymphalia monstra certa sagitta perculit Hercules
Hercules smote the Stymphalian monsters with unerring arrow

sagitta , ae, f.: an arrow, 1.187, et al.

săgitta, ae, f. [root sagh-; v. sagio].

• An arrow, shaft, bolt (freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: telum, jaculum): cum arcum mihi et pharetram et sagittas sumpsero, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99 (725): confige sagittis fures thesaurarios, id. Aul. 2, 8, 25 (395); Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 28, 89; id. N. D. 2, 50, 126 al.: missiles, Hor. C. 3, 6, 16: celeres, id. ib. 3, 20, 9 et saep.: sagittā Cupido cor meum transfixit, Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 25 (25); Lucr. 4, 1278; Tib. 2, 1, 81; Hor. C. 2, 8, 15; 1, 27, 12: sagittam conicere, Verg. A. 4, 69: nervo aptare sagittas, id. ib. 10, 131; Ov. M. 8, 380: savii sagittis per cussus est, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 16 (238) (but the better reading is: ejus saviis perculsus).—
• II Meton., of things of a like form.
• • A The extreme thin part of a vine-branch or shoot, Col. 3, 10, 22; 3, 17, 2; Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 156. —
  • B The herb arrow-head, Plin. 21, 17, 68, § 111.—
  • C In late Lat., an instrument for letting blood, a lancet, Veg. 1, 22, 4; 1, 25, 5; 1, 43, 3, etc.—
  • D Sagitta, a constellation, the Arrow, Hyg. Astr. 2, 15; 3, 14; Cic. Arat. 382; Col. 11, 2, 21; Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 131; 18, 31, 74, § 309.

sagitta, ae, f., der Pfeil, I) eig., Cic. u.a.: sagittae venenatae, Solin.: sagittarum scientia, Hygin.: sagittam iacĕre, Tibull.: sagittam conicere, Verg., impellere nervo, Ov.: v. den Pfeilen des Liebesgottes, Hor. u. Ov.: sagittae Veneris, Liebespfeile, Pfeile des Kupido, Lucr. – II) übtr.: a) der Pfeil, ein Gestirn, Cic. Arat. u. Plin. – b) das Pfeilkraut, Plin. 21, 111. – c) ein Eisen zum Aderlaß, das Laßeisen, die Lanzette, Veget. mul. 1, 25, 5 u. 43, 3. – d) der äußerste u. dünnere Teil des jungen Zweiges am Baume u. Weinstocke (des malleolus), des Rebschosses od. Fächsers, Colum. u. Plin. – ➳ Bei Plaut. u.a. auch săgĭta geschrieben u. gemessen, s. Fleckeisen Krit. Misc. S. 39 ff.

sagitta [CL], arrow (or sim. projectile); b (dist. acc. sort or mode of employment); c (fig. or in fig. context); d (transf., w. ref. to lightning). e (jactus ~ae as approximate measure of length or distance) bowshot. f pictorial representation used in MS as mark of ref.. alius jaculorum catapultas et ~arum [gl.: fwifera] spicula de ‥ faretrae latibulis depromens Aldh. VirgP 2; spiculum ‥ ~ae caput GlC S 481; Cupido ‥ ut ~as suas ostenderet potentiores, auream de pharetra sua extraxit et plumbeam Natura Deorum 22; 1199 quilibet eorum traxit ~am, unde ‥ Desideratus ‥ percussit eum per medium testiculi CurR I 101; 1201 servicium Willelmi de G. ‥ de terra de D. quam de nobis tenuit ‥ per liberum servicium j arcus et j pharetre et xij †sattigtar’ [sic; l. sagittarum] per annum RChart 92a (cf. LTR Mem 12 m. 2d.: arcum ‥ et unam feretram cum xij ~is); sumite arcum et saggitas Latin Stories 23; s1346 rex ‥ Francie ‥ percussus in facie cum ~a vix evasit Ad. Mur. Chr. 216; hec sagista, A. a arow; ‥ hec ~a, a harow WW.  b catapulta, ~a barbata Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 150; ~am igniti ferri in insulam arcu premiserunt Gir. TH II 12 p. 95; 1235 j pharetram coopertam serico brusdato cum xij ~is Sarracen’ Chanc. Misc. 3/4; 1246 wlneraverunt M. forestarium ‥ cum duabus ~is Waliscis SelPlForest 80; 1248 ipsi tractaverunt ad forestarios sex ~as, tres barbatas et tres genderatas Ib. 77 (cf. ib. 96: ~e genderese); 1290 unam ~am que vocatur cloth’arwe SelCKB III civ; 1315 cum una ~a barbata que vocatur Walsarewe ‥ et ~a illa facta fuit de fraxino de longitudine trium quarteriorum ulne regis CoramR r. 105d.; 1358 de xxxvj capitibus ~arum latarum ExchScot 554; 1383 sex parvos arcus, unam garbam ~arum largarum, unam garbam ~arum parvarum, et unam garbam parvorum petilionum volatilium Foed. VII 415; 1391 lx arcus pro bosco ‥ iiij duodenas ~arum pro bosco (Cl) Ib. VII 699; gestans ad latus sagatas [? l. sagittas] breves, qualibus utuntur equites illarum partium qui malendrini dicuntur Wals. HA II 303; 1437 unam sagittam dupliciter barbatam Anglice vocatam a brodehokedarwe plumis signi plumatam Cl 287 m. 13d.; 1439 in precio ‥ xxiiij ~arum longarum pro sagittacione de wildefyre, prec’ pec’ ij d KR Ac 503/7 m. 1; 1446 cum quadam -a vocata la vire Pat 463 m. 18; 1456 de ‥ vj capitibus amplarum ~arum ExchScot 159.  c nec penetrare sinit stuprorum spicula pectus, / sed procul excussit jaculatas fraude sagittas Aldh. VirgV 1157; ~as psalmodiae ‥ arripuit Felix Guthl. 27; antiquus hostis ‥ venenifluam desperationis ~am ‥ jaculavit Ib. 29 p. 94; c801 fraus diabolica murmurationis ~am inter fratres inmittere solet Alcuin Ep. 219; ~e amoris acute ‥ tanta virtute vibrantur J. Ford Serm. 1. 4; vellem in beluam hanc arcum tendere / ‥ / sed sensus tenuis et pauce littere / acutas nesciunt sagittas cudere Walt. Wimb. Palpo 148.  d ubi sunt ‥ sagitte fulminis / que quondam fuerant ultrices criminis? Walt. Wimb. Carm. 526 (cf. ib. 525: fulmineas sagittas).  e ~ae jactus W. Poit. II 27 (v. jactus 1b); insula ‥ in longitudine et latitudine continet per jactum unius parcie ~e W. Worc. Itin. 134.  f quere in libro additamentorum, viz. ad ~as ex transverso cancellatas [symbol] M. Par. Maj. V 616.

1 săgitta, (9) æ, f. , ¶ 1 flèche : Cic. Ac. 2, 89 ; Nat. 2, 126 ; Virg. En. 4, 69 ; sagittæ Veneris Lucr. 4, 1278, les flèches ou les traits de lʼAmour ¶ 2 lancette : Veg. Mul. 1, 22, 4 ¶ 3 bout pointu dʼun bourgeon ou dʼune crossette : Col. Rust. 3, 10, 22 ; Plin. 17, 156 ¶ 4 c. pistana Plin. 21, 111 ¶ 5 la Flèche [constellation qui se trouve dans le triangle dʼété, au Nord de la constellation de lʼAigle. Elle est à mi-chemin entre la tête du Cygne et Altaïr.] : Cic. Arat. 34, 382.

sagitta , ae. f.
箭。芽尖。寅宫宿。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

sagitta ae, f

• 1 SAC-, an arrow, shaft, bolt: suos configebat sagittis: confixae venenatis sagittis: sagittam iacere, Tb.: nervo aptare sagittas, V.—A constellation, the Arrow.

SAGITTA

SAGITTA(ὁϊστός, ἰός;Herod. τόξευμα), an arrow. The account of the arrows of Hercules (Hesiod, Scut. 130-134) enumerates and describes three parts, viz. the point, the shaft, and the feather. Pollux (1.137) says that the feathered end was called the head of the arrow.

I. The point was denominated ἄρδις (Hdt. 1.215, 4.81-Z2), whence the instrument, used to extract arrow-heads from the bodies of the wounded, was called ἀρδιοθήρα. [FORCEPS] Great quantities of flint arrow-heads are found in Celtic barrows throughout the north of Europe, in form exactly resembling those which are still used by the Indians of North America (Hoare's Anc. Wiltshire, South, p. 183). Nevertheless the Scythians and Massagetae had them of bronze (Herod. ll. cc.).

A large number of flint arrow-heads, some of them finely shaped, have also been found in Italy, in deposits of the Stone age. Specimens may be seen in the prehistoric galleries of the British Museum. The Aethiopians in the army of Xerxes tipped their arrows with a sharpened stone, which they also used for engraving gems (Hdt. 7.69). Mr. Dodwell found black flint arrow-heads in the large tumulus of Marathon, and concludes that they had belonged to the Persian army (Tour through Greece, vol. 2. p. 159). Those used by the Greeks were commonly bronze, as is expressed by the epithet χαλκήρης, fitted with bronze, which Homer applies to an arrow (Il. 13.650, 662). Herodotus, however (7.69), speaks as if iron was the natural material to be employed.

The Homeric arrow-head was three-tongued (τριγλώχις, Il. 5.393) and had barbs (ὄγκοι, Il. 4.151, 214). Its form is shown by the annexed woodcuts.

The two smaller, one of which shows a rivethole at the side for fastening it to the shaft, are from the plain of Marathon (Skelton, Illust. of Armour at Goodrich Court, i. pl. 44). The third specimen was also found in Attica (Dodwell, l. c.). Some of the Northern nations, who could not obtain metal, barbed their arrowheads with bone (Tac. Germ. 46).

The use of poisoned arrows (venenatae sagittae) is always represented by the Greek and Roman authors as the characteristic of barbarous nations. It is attributed to the Sauromatae and Getae (Ovid, Ov. Tr. 2.10, 63, 64; de Ponto, 4.7, 11, 12); to the Scythians (Plin. Nat.11.53.115), and to the Arabs (Pollux, 1.138) and Moors (Hor. Od. 1.22, 3). When Ulysses wishes to have recourse to this insidious practice, he is obliged to travel north of the country of the Thesprotians (Hom. Od. 1.261-263); and the classical authors who mention it do so in terms of condemnation (Hom. Plin. ll. cc.; Aelian, Ael. NA 5.16). The poison applied to the tips of arrows having been called toxicum (τοξικόν), on account of its connexion with the use of the bow (Plin. Nat.16.10.20; Festus, s. v.; Dioscor. 6.20), the signification of this term was afterwards extended to poisons in general (Plaut. Merc. 2.4, 4; Hor. Epod. 17.61; Propert. 1.5, 6).

II. The excellence of the shaft consisted in being long and at the same time straight, and in being well polished (Hes. Scut. 133). The arrows of the Carduchi were more than two cubits long, and were used as javelins by the Greeks (Xen. Anab. 4.2). But the shaft often consisted of a smooth cane or reed (Arundo donax or phragmites, Linn.: cf. Plin. Nat.16.36.65), and on this account the whole arrow was called poetically either arundo in the one case (Verg. A. 4.73, 5.525-Z2; Ovid. Met. 8.382), or calamus in the other (Verg. Buc. 3.13; Ovid, Ov. Met. 7.778; Hor. Od. 1.15, 17;> Juven. 13.80). In the Egyptian tombs reed arrows have been found, varying from 34 to 22 inches in length. They show the slit (γλνφίς, Hom. Il. 4.122; Od. 21.419) cut in the reed for fixing it upon the string (Wilkinson, Man. and Cust. &c. vol. 1. p. 309).

III. The feathers are shown on ancient monuments of all kinds, and are indicated by the terms alae (Verg. A. 9.578, 12.319-Z2), pennatae sagittae (Prudentius, Hamart. 498), and πτερόεντες ὀϊστοί (Hom. Il. 5.171), but it is doubtful if the Homeric epithet has any reference to the feathers. The arrows of Hercules are said to have been feathered from the wings of a black eagle (Hes. l. c.).

Besides the use of arrows in the ordinary way, they were sometimes employed to carry fire. Xerxes captured the Acropolis in this manner (Her. 8.52). Julius Caesar attempted to set Antony's ships on fire by sending βελη πυρφόρα from the bows of his archers (Dio Cass.; cf. Pollux, 1.137). A head-dress of small arrows is said to have been worn by the Indians (Prudentius, l. c.), the Nubians, and the Aethiopians of Meroe (Claudian, de Nupt. Honor. 222; de III. Cons. Honor. 21; de Laud. Stil. 1.254).

In the Greek and Roman armies the sagittarii, more anciently called arquites, i.e. archers, or bowmen (Festus, s. v.), formed an important part of the light-armed infantry (Caesar, Bell. Civ. 1.81, 3.44; Cic. ad Fam. 15.4). They belonged, for the most part, to the allies, and were principally Cretans. [ARCUS; CORYTUS; PHARETRA; TORMENTUM. ]

[J.Y] [A.H.S]

Sagitta

(ὀϊστός, ἰός, τόξευμα). An arrow. Ancient arrows like those of modern times were feathered and tipped with metal (Hes. Scut. Her. 130-134). The point was called ἄρδις (Herod.i. 215). Flint arrow-heads have been found in Italy; and the Aethiopians in the army of Xerxes used arrows tipped with a sharp stone (Herod.vii. 69); but Greek arrows were generally pointed with bronze, and this as early as Homer, who uses the epithet χαλκήρης of one (Il. xiii. 650, 662). The Homeric arrow-head, however, was three-tongued, and had barbs (ὄγκοι, Il. iv. 151). The Romans called barbed arrows hamatae and aduncae; and did not poison the ends (venenatae sagittae), as did the Getae, Scythae, and Mauri. Arrows were used in warfare to carry fire. By this means Xerxes set the Athenian acropolis on fire (Herod. viii. 52), and Caesar used fire-arrows to set fire to Antony's ships (Pollux, i. 37). Archers were called sagittarii by the Romans, but in earlier times arquites. See arcus.