Logeion | tristis

tristis vultus
gloomy expression tristia dona cineri Hectoris libant
they offer sad gifts to the ashes of Hector

trīstis, e: (adj.), sad, sorrowful, 1.228, et al.; melancholy, woeful, mournful; dismal, gloomy, 4.243, et al.; grim, stern, 6.315; dire, 2.337; inauspicious, 11.259; fearful, 3.366; fatal, 5.411.

tristis, e, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, frightened; and Lat. terreo], sad, sorrowful, mournful, dejected, melancholy, disconsolate, trist (syn.: maestus, severus, austerus, luctuosus).

I In gen.: maesti tristesque, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18 (657): cum maestus errares, quaerere ex te, quid tristis esses, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: tristis et conturbatus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: tristis, demissus, id. Mur. 21, 45: sic tristes affatus amicos, Hor. C. 1, 7, 24: Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes. B. G. 1, 32: numquam ego te tristiorem Vidi esse, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55 (55): oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89: (faciet) hominem ex tristi lepidum et lenem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7 (223): quid tu tristis es? id. ib. 2, 2, 6 (170); id. Men. 5, 2, 27 (779); 5, 2, 59 (811): quid es tam tristis? Ter. Hec. 355: malle se adulescentem tristem quam hilarem, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: tristis Erat et me maestum videbat, Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—
- B Transf.
- - 1 Of things associated with misfortune or suggestive of sadness, melancholy, saddening, unhappy: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam, Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.: vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel ornatus secundis, id. Fam. 15, 7: esse vultu tristi, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124 (813): tristissima exta, Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: tristissimi exsilii solatium, Liv. 5, 51, 1: tristissimam exegimus noctem, most miserable, Petr. 115: sors, unhappy, miserable, Cic. Mur. 20, 42: eventus, Liv. 8, 24, 18: Kalendae, sad, dismal, Hor. S. 1, 3, 87: Hyades, id. C. 1, 3, 14: Orion, id. Epod. 10, 10: bella, id. A. P. 73: clades, id. C. 3, 3, 62: morbus, Verg. G. 4, 252: fatum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 29: jus sepulcri, Ov. M. 13, 472: officium (exsequiarum), id. ib. 12, 4: funera, Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74: pars subiere feretro, Triste ministerium, Verg. A. 6, 223: Tartara, id. ib. 4, 243: Acheron, Sil. 13, 571: tristique palus inamabilis undā, Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8: arbores, gloomy, sombre, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: adspectus (arboris), id. 13, 22, 40, § 120: tristes et squalidi trunci, Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—
  - 2 Of taste: quod triste et amarum est, harsh, disagreeable, bitter, Lucr. 4, 634: suci, Verg. G. 2, 126: lupinum, id. ib. 1, 75: absinthia, Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15: epulae, Sil. 3, 281: sapor. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12: pocula, Tib. 1, 5, 50.—
  - 3 Of smell, offensive, foul: anhelitus oris, Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—
  - 4 As subst.: triste, is, n., a sad thing, etc. (poet.): triste lupus stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti, a sad thing, a pest, bane, Verg. E. 3, 80: interdum miscentur tristia laetis, Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.: nunc ego mitibus Mutare quaero tristia, Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies that were written in exile Tristia.—
II In partic.
- A Of behavior, etc., towards others.
- - 1 Glum, gloomy, peevish, morose, ill-humored (syn.: tetricus, severus, austerus): stultitia est, ei te esse tristem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4 (282): eia, mea Juno, non decet te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14 (230): mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: tristis amica ingrato viro, Prop. 1, 6, 10: puella, id. 1, 10, 21: navita tristis (Charon), gloomy, sullen, Verg. A. 6, 315; so, dii, Hor. S. 1, 5, 103: Erinys, Verg. A. 2, 337: sorores, i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6: ursa, Stat. Ach. 2, 409.—
  - 2 Stern, harsh, severe: judex tristis et integer, Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.: cum tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde vivere, id. Cael. 6, 13.—
- B Transf., of things, gloomy, sad, melancholy, stern, harsh, etc.: truculentis oculis, tristi fronte, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21 (401): voltus, id. Most. 3, 2, 124 (813): fronte gravi et tristi supercilio, Plin. Pan. 41, 3: idem naturā tristiori paululo, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: vultus severior et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: tristis severitas inest in vultu, Ter. And. 857: vita tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108: triste et severum genus dicendi, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: sermo tristis (opp. jocosus), Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: senectus, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.: tristis et plenus dignitatis sonus, Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7: perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem, Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.: tua tristia dicta, Verg. A. 10, 612: sententia, Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2: responsum, id. 9, 16, 3: senatūs consultum, id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, sadly, sorrowfully; harshly, severely: salutantes, Stat. Th. 4, 19: triste et acutum resonare, Hor. S. 1, 8, 41: rigens frons, Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.: flere tristius, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2: adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur, with more difficulty, Cic. Sen. 19, 67: respondere tristius, more harshly, id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.

trīstis, e (vielleicht zu griech. δρῑμύς, scharf, durchdringend), traurig, betrübt, verstimmt, verdrießlich, v. dem, dessen Betrübnis sich in den Mienen usw. äußert, I) im allg.: 1) eig., v. Pers. (Ggstz. hilaris, hilarus, laetus), verb. maesti tristesque, Plaut.: tristis et conturbatus, Cic.: tristis, demissus, Cic.: tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes.: numquam ego te tristiorem vidi esse, Plaut.: quos cum tristiores vidisset, Cic.: Plur. tristes subst., Ggstz. gaudentes, Plin. pan. 72, 7. – 2) übtr., v. Lebl.: a) traurig, von Ansehen, hiems, Liv.: arbor, Plin.: truncus, Sen.: lana, schmutzig schwarze (v. Natur), Mart.: aspectus, widerlicher A., Plin.: iaspis in Cappadocia ex purpura caerulea, tristis (düster) atque non refulgens, Plin. – v. der Unterwelt, Tartara, Verg.: unda, Verg. u. Hor.: Acheron, Sil. – u. poet. (= austerus), widerlich, herb von Geschmack (Ggstz. dulcis), suci, Verg.: absinthia, Ov.: glans, Plin.: sapor, Ov.: u.v. Geruch, anhelitus oris, Ov. – b) objektiv, wie unser traurig, v. allem, was mit Trauer, Betrübnis, Unglück verbunden ist, trübe, betrübend, niederschlagend, unglücklich, tempora, Cic.: litterae nuntiique, Cic.: bellum, Hor.: Hyades, weil trübe, regnerische Witterung bringend, Hor.: u. so Orion, Hor.: officium (sc. exsequiarum), Ov.: ira, traurig in seinen Folgen, Hor.: remedia, schmerzliche, empfindliche, Liv.: eventus, Liv.: ex itus (Lebensende) tam tristis atque acerbus, Liv. epit.: tr. sors, Cic.: exta, nichts Gutes verheißende, Unglück drohende (Ggstz. laeta), Tac.: m. ad u. Akk., tristia ad (bei) recordationem exempla, Liv. 24, 8, 20. – neutr. subst., triste lupus stabulis, etwas Verderbliches, Verg.: tristia miscentur laetis, Ov. – II) insbes.: 1) der Laune nach, finster, a) = unfreundlich, mürrisch, übelgelaunt (Ggstz. iocosus, hilaris), Cic. u.a.: natura (Naturell), Cic.: puella, Prop.: vultus tristior, Cic. – b) = grimmig, zornig, Plaut. u. Prop.: Eurystheus, Cic. poët.: ursa, Stat.: irae, Cic. poët.: dicta, Ov. – 2) abgemessen ernst, trocken, streng, abgemessen kalt, hart, rauh, tristis et severus senex, Nep.: iudex, Cic.: sorores, die Parzen, Tibull.: Erinys, Verg.: veritas, Ter.: tr. et severum dicendi genus, Cic.: triste responsum, Liv.: tristior sententia, Liv.: sermone opus est modo tristi, modo iocoso, Hor.

1 tristis v. trestellus

2 tristis v. trestum

3 tristis [CL] 1 sad, despondent; b (of appearance, demeanour, or sim.). ipse ~is et maerens ‥ Eurydicen lacrimabili deflevit carmine Lib. Monstr. II 7; dum ‥ rex ‥ laetitiam reciperet, coepit econtra episcopus ~is usque ad lacrimarum profusionem effici Bede HE III 14 p. 157; c790 quam laete ex muneribus mens hilarescit, tam ~is ex absentia vestrae beatitudinis ingemescit Alcuin Ep. 59; sicque inimicorum sunt versi in tristia risus, / sic et amicorum sunt versi in gaudia fletus Wulf. Swith. II 395; ~is, unrot GlP 191; de Stigi odiosi, de Flegetonte iracundi, de Acheronte ~es Bern. Comm. Aen. 51. b suspirantes priusquam aliquid dicant, ~em vultum pretendunt [ME: makeð drupi chere] AncrR 24. 2 that brings or causes sadness or distress, unpleasant (also as sb. n.). b bitter to the taste. quae a viris justis sibi inter angelos apparentibus laeta vel ~ia cognoverit Bede HE III 19 p. 165; tristia se laetis inmiscent tempora nostris Alcuin Carm. 48. 27; in tam ~i pallore tot calamitatum vitam consumpserit W. Malm. GR II 165; plura sub eo subita et ~ia acciderunt Ib. IV 321; Saturnus ‥ in suo dominabatur domicilio, qui est omnium planetarum ~issimus M. Par. Maj. V 537. b vina ‥ ipsa bibentum ora ~i non torquent acredine W. Malm. GP IV 153.

trīstis, (7) e, ¶ 1 triste, affligé, chagrin : Sequani tristes, demisso capite Cæs. G. 1, 32, les Séquanais, tristes et la tête baissée ¶ 2 [en parl. des choses] : tristibus temporibus Cic. Fam. 15, 7, dans lʼinfortune, dans lʼadversité ; tristissima exta Cic. Div. 2, 36, les entrailles du plus funeste augure ; sors tristis Cic. Mur. 42, juridiction triste, peu agréable ; tristis eventus alicujus Liv. 8, 24, 18, fin tragique, sinistre de qqn ; tristis unda Virg. En. 6, 438, les eaux sombres (sinistres) du Styx ; pl. n. tristia Ov. F. 6, 463, les événements fâcheux || tristes arbores Plin. 16, 95, arbres à lʼaspect triste, sombres || [en parl. du goût] amer, désagréable : Lucr. 4, 634 ; Virg. G. 2, 126 ; etc. || [poét.] funeste : triste lupus stabulis Virg. B. 3, 80, le loup est une chose funeste, un fléau pour les bergeries ¶ 3 sombre, sévère, austère, qui ne badine pas : judex tristis et integer Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 30, juge sombre et intègre, cf. Cic. Cæl. 13 ; tristes sorores Tib. 3, 3, 35, les sombres sœurs, les Parques ; vultus severior et tristior Cic. de Or. 2, 289, visage plus grave et plus sombre ; triste et severum dicendi genus Cic. Br. 113, éloquence sombre et austère ; triste responsum Liv. 9, 16, 3, réponse dure, impitoyable ¶ 4 renfrogné, morose : alicui Pl. Cas. 230, être de mauvaise humeur contre qqn, lui faire mauvaise figure, cf. Pl. Cas. 282 ; Prop. 1, 10, 21, etc.

trīstis, e (adv. -e)

1. treurig, bedroefd [amici]; ➤ numquam ego te tristiorem vidi esse; — humeurig, slechtgehumeurd, ontstemd;
2. treurig stemmend, droevig, pijnlijk, akelig [tempora; dona dodengaven; Tartara; nuntius; litterae; bellum; morbus; eventus]; onheilspellend, beangstigend [somnia; exta];
3. onvriendelijk, bars, nors [dicta]; ➤ esse vultu tristi;
4. streng, onvermurwbaar, hard, angstaanjagend [iudex; sorores = de parcen; senex; vita; antiquitas; Erinys];
5. ongelukkig, onzalig [medicamen];
6. (poët.) bitter, wrang, onaantrekkelijk, onaangenaam [sapor; sucus].

tristis , e. adj. c. s.
憂悶者。煩。莫耐何。使愁。嚇。害。酸。怒。難。嚴兇。凶。鬱積。— arbor aspectu 難看之樹。— fortuna 不順之造化。— hyems 嚴冬。— poena 充軍。— succus 苦汁。— eventus 不順事。Tua sors tristis 汝不福之態。Triste tempus 大災之時。Absinthium triste 苦之石艾。Tristes epulae 無味之餚。Tristia remedia 加疼之藥。Tristes sorores 三女鬼。

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, Severus. Vulcatius de Cassio : Hæc Epistola ejus indicat, quam severus et quam Tristis futurus fuerit Imperator. Capitolinus in Maximo : Fuit cibi avidus, vini parcissimus, ad rem veneream nimis rarus, domi forisque semper severus, ita ut et Tristis cognomen acciperet. Idem in Pio, ex editione Mediolanensi : Homo Tristis et integer, i. severus. Italis Tristo, est improbus, scelestus. Vide Ferrarium.

trīstis e, adj.with comp.and sup.

2 TER-, sad, sorrowful, mournful, dejected, melancholy, gloomy, downcast, disconsolate: quaerere ex te, quid tristis esses: tristis, demissus: tristīs adfatus amicos, H.: Sequanos tristīs, capite demisso, terram intueri, Cs.: tristis erat et me maestum videbat, Cu.—Gloomy, peevish, morose, sullen, illhumored: Navita (Charon), V.: dii, H.—Stern, harsh, severe: iudex: cum tristibus severe vivere. —Of things, bringing sorrow, melancholy, saddening, unhappy, sad, dismal, gloomy: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam: tristia ad recordationem exempla, L.: tristissuma exta: tristissimi exsili solacium, L.: Kalendae, H.: clades, H.: morbus, V.: ius sepulcri, O.: pars subiere feretro, Triste ministerium, V.: tristique palus inamabilis undā, V.—As substn., a sad thing, pest, bane, sorrow: Triste lupus stabulis, V.: interdum miscentur tristia laetis, O.: nune ego mitibus Mutare quaero tristia, H.—Of taste, harsh, disagreeable, bitter: suci, V.: absinthia, O.—Of smell, offensive, foul: anhelitus oris, O.—Expressing sorrow, gloomy, sad, melancholy, stern, harsh: voltus tristior: Tristis severitas inest in voltu, T.: vita tristior: sermo (opp. iocosus), H.: tua tristia iussa, V.: sententia, O.: responsum, L.

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