vindico

victoriae decus sibi vindicavit
he claimed the honor of victory for himself C. Gracchus vindicandae fraternae mortis gratia tribunatum ingressus est
C. Gracchus took up the office of tribune for the sake of avenging the death of his brother ab hac necessitate vos fortuna vindicat
your good fortune releases you from this obligation

vindicō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to claim or get by legal process; claim; rescue, save, 4.228. (vindex, defender)

vindĭco (on account of a supposed derivation from venum - dico, also written vendĭco), āvi, ātum, 1 (collat. form, acc. to the 3d conj., VINDICIT, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1 fin.), v. a. [vim - dico, prop. to assert authority, viz. in a case where legal possession of a thing claimed is refused; hence, transf.], to lay legal claim to a thing, whether as one's own property or for its restoration to a free condition.

• I Lit.: IN. IVS. DVCITO. NI IVDICATVM FACIT AVT QVIS ENDO EOM IVRE VINDICIT, i. e. eum in jure vindicat, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf., on the form of laying claim to disputed personal property, Gai Inst. 4, 16: vindicare sponsam in libertatem, Liv. 3, 45, 11; cf. id. 3, 48, 5; 3, 46, 7: puellam, id. 3, 46, 3: ita vindicatur Virginia spondentibus propinquis, id. 3, 46, 8.—
• II Transf., in gen. (freq. and class.; cf. assero).
• • A To lay claim to as one's own, to make a claim upon, to demand, claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate a thing: omnia non Quiritium sed sapientium jure pro suis vindicare, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27: videor id meo jure quodam modo vindicare, id. Off. 1, 1, 2: Homerum ... Chii suum vindicant, id. Arch. 8, 19: ortūs nostri partem patria vindicat, id. Off. 1, 7, 22: maximam partem quasi suo jure Fortuna sibi vindicat, id. Marcell. 2, 6: ceterarum rerum quae sunt in oratore, partem aliquam sibi quisque vindicat, id. Or. 19, 69: quod neque summi imperatores ... sibi umquam vindicare sunt ausi, Quint. 1, prooem. § 14: partem oneris tui mihi vindico, Plin. Ep. 6, 32, 2: majestatem sibi, id. Pan. 42, 1: partis sibi aequas potentiae, Suet. Tib. 50; id. Tit. 5; Sen. Ira, 3, 30, 3; id. Cons. Helv. 3, 9; id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10; Val. Max. 4, 3, 1; 5, 3, ext. 2; cf. Plin. Pan. 8, 2; Val. Max. 4, 5, 3: iniquissima haec bellorum condicio est; prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur, Tac. Agr. 27: victoriae majore parte ad se vindicatā, Liv. 44, 14, 8: decus belli ad se, id. 9, 43, 14: tanta tamen universae Galliae consensio fuit libertatis vindicandae, ut, etc., should be maintained, vindicated, Caes. B. G. 7, 76: Trasimenum pro Tarsimeno multi auctores ... vindicaverunt, have adopted, Quint. 1, 5, 13; so id. 1, 5, 26: vindicet antiquam faciem, vultusque ferinos Detrahat, reassume, Ov. M. 2, 523.—Poet., with inf.: vindicat hoc Pharius dextrā gestare satelles, Luc. 8, 675.—
  • B To place a thing in a free condition.
  • • 1 In libertatem vindicare, to set free, to free, emancipate: in libertatem rem populi, Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48: ex dominatu Ti. Gracchi in libertatem rem publicam, id. Brut. 58, 212: rem publicam afflictam et oppressam in veterem dignitatem ac libertatem, i. e. to restore, id. Fam. 2, 5, 2: Galliam in libertatem, Caes. B. G. 7, 1: se et populum Romanum in libertatem, id. B. C. 1, 22.—
    • 2 To deliver, liberate, protect, defend: te ab eo vindico et libero, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9: nos a verberibus, ab unco, a crucis terrore neque res gestae neque acta aetas neque vestri honores vindicabunt? id. Rab. Perd. 5, 16: sapientia sola nos a libidinum impetu et formidinum terrore vindicat, id. Fin. 1, 14, 46: quin ab hoc ignotissimo Phryge nobilissimum civem vindicetis? Cic.id. Fl. 17, 40: aliquem a miseriis morte, id. Brut. 96, 329: a molestiā, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 2: a labore, id. Sull. 9, 26: domum suam a solitudine, id. de Or. 1, 45, 199: laudem summorum oratorum ab oblivione hominum atque a silentio, rescue, id. ib. 2, 2, 7: sed ab hac necessitate egregie vos fortuna vindicat, Liv. 37, 54, 10: corpora a putrescendo (sal), Plin. 31, 9, 45, § 98: ebur a carie (vetus oleum), id. 15, 7, 7, § 32: capillum a canitie, id. 28, 11, 46, § 164: se non modo ex suspitione tanti sceleris, verum etiam ex omni hominum sermone, Cic. Sull. 20, 59: perpetienda illa fuerunt, ut se aliquando ad suos vindicaret, might restore, id. Rab. Post. 9, 25: quam dura ad saxa revinctam Vindicat Alcides, sets free, Ov. M. 11, 213: tandem absolutus vindicatusque est (reus), Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1.—
  • C With respect to some wrong perpetrated (cf. ulciscor), to avenge, revenge, punish; to take vengeance on any one; make compensation for: omnia quae vindicaris in altero, sibi ipsi vehementer fugienda sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 2, § 4: maleficium in aliis vindicare, id. Sull. 6, 19: facinus in nullo etiam, id. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194: dolum malum et legibus, id. Off. 3, 15, 61. acerrime maleficia, id. Rosc. Am. 5, 12: consensionem improborum supplicio omni, id. Lael. 12, 43: eam rem quam vehementer, id. Quint. 7, 28: Ti. Gracchi conatus perditos, id. Off. 1, 30, 109: necem Crassi, Ov. F. 6, 468: offensas ense, id. Tr. 3, 8, 40: fortuita non civium tantummodo sed urbium damna principis munificentia vindicat, Vell. 2, 126, 4.—Impers. pass.: fateor non modo in socios, sed etiam in cives militesque nostros persaepe esse severe ac vehementer vindicatum, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 133: vindicandum in eos, Sall. J. 31, 18: vindicatum in eos, qui, etc., id. C. 9, 4; cf.: in quos (Venetos) eo gravius Caesar vindicandum statuit, quo diligentius, etc., Caes. B. G. 3, 16.—
  • • 2 Transf. (after the analogy of ulcisci): vindicare se ab (de) aliquo, to revenge one's self upon one: se ab illo, Sen. Ben. 6, 5, 3: se de fortunā praefationibus, Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 14.—Pass.: quantā saevitiā opus erat, ut Sulla de Mario vindicaretur, Flor. 3, 21, 19.

vindico, āvī, ātum, āre (= vim dico, eig. Gewalt androhen; dah.) I) einen Ggstd. gerichtlich in Anspruch nehmen, vindizieren *(vgl. vindiciae a.A.), A) eig.: sponsam in libertatem, Liv.: puellam in posterum diem, ihr die Freiheit v., Liv.: vindicatur Verginia spondentibus propinquis, Liv.: profecti (die Parteien) simul in agrum, de quo litigabatur, terrae aliquid ex eo, uti unam glebam, in ius in urbem ad praetorem deferrent, et in ea gleba, tamquam in toto agro, vindicarent, Gell.

B) übtr., etw. in Anspruch nehmen, 1) von der Vindizierung bei Eigentumsklagen, etw. als sein Eigentum in Anspruch nehmen, auf etw. Anspruch machen, als mir gehörig-, zustehend fordern, etw. sich zueignen, sich zuschreiben, a) bl. vind.: ortus nostri partem vindicat patria, Cic.: nonnulla ab imperatore miles, plurima vero fortuna vindicat, Nep.: omnia pro suis, Cic.: videor id meo iure quodam modo vindicare, Cic.: Chii suum (Homerum) vindicant, Cic.: alqm caelo (Dat.), in den Himmel versetzen, Plin. pan. 10, 4: v. antiquam faciem, wieder annehmen, Ov. – poet. m. Infin., vindicat hoc Pharius dextrā gestare satelles, Lucan. 8, 675. – b) vind. aa se: decus belli ad se, Liv.: victoriae maiorem partem ad se, Liv. – c) vind. sibi: ceterarum rerum, quae sunt in oratore, partem aliquam sibi quisque vindicat, Cic. or. 69: constantiae eximiam sibi laudem, Val. Max.: nihil sibi nisi dispensandi potestatem, Sen.: sibi nomen, Quint.: sibi prospera, Tac.: sibi regnum, Iustin.: ubi minimum virium veneris pecuniaeque cupido sibi vindicaverit, Val. Max.; vgl. Krebs-Schmalz Antib.⁷ Bd. 2. S. 741.

2) von der Vindizierung in Freiheitsklagen, a) den, der unfrei ist, als frei in Anspruch nehmen, jmd. aus dem Zustande der Sklaverei u. dgl. in Freiheit setzen, befreien, retten, α) m. in libertatem: vind. in libertatem et a regum et a patrum dominatione, Cic.: v. rem populi in libertatem, Cic.: ex dominatu Ti. Gracchi in libertatem rem publicam, Cic.: rem publicam afflictam et oppressam in veterem dignitatem ac libertatem, Cic. – β) ohne in lib.: te ab eo vindico et libero, Cic.: dura ad saxa revinctam, Ov. – se ad alqm, seine Verbindlichkeiten gegen jmd. erfüllen, ut se aliquando ad suos vindicaret, Cic. Rab. Post. 25. – b) was noch frei, unangetastet, unversehrt ist, in Schutz nehmen, schützen, sicherstellen, bewahren, libertatem, Caes.: rusticis magnam partem cibariorum per hiemem, erhalten, Colum. – gew. m. ab (gegen od. vor) u. Abl., v. alqm a verberibus, ab unco, a crucis terrore, Cic.: alqm a miseriis morte, Cic.: a molestia, a labore, Cic.: domum suam ab solitudine, Cic.: u. so loca a solitudine, Liv.: laudem summorum oratorum ab oblivione hominum atque a silentio, Cic. – m. bl. Abl., alqm scelerum suorum suppliciis, vor der Str. bewahren, von der Str. befreien, Iustin. 7, 5, 7: exercitum fame, Curt. 9, 10 (41), 18. – v. Schutzmitteln, capillum a canitie, Plin.: ebur a carie (v. altem Öl), Plin.: corpora a putrescendo (v. Salz), Plin. – u. vind. se ex alqa re, sich gegen etwas sicherstellen, se non modo ex suspicione tanti sceleris, verum etiam ex omni hominum sermone non armis, sed patrimonio suo vindicavit, Cic. Sull. 59.

II) einem Vergehen durch Inanspruchnahme von Sühne, durch Androhung od. Vollziehung von Strafe steuern, gegen etwas od. jmd. verbietend od. strafend einschreiten, A) eig.: a) v. alqd = einem Vergehen usw. steuern, es verbieten, ein begangenes ahnden, bestrafen, iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, ut tutela duodecim tabulis, circumscriptio adulescentium lege Plaetoriā; et sine lege iudiciis, in quibus additur EX FIDE BONA, Cic.: facinus nemini lege concessum, sed fortasse adhuc in nullo vindicatum, Cic.: acerrime maleficia, Cic.: peccata, Liv.: quidquid peccatur maiestatis actione vindicandum est, Sen. rhet. – b) v. in alqm, gegen jmd. einschreiten, ahndend verfahren, jmd. bestrafen, fateor non modo in socios, sed etiam in cives militesque nostros persaepe esse severe ac vehementer vindicatum, Cic.: vindicandum in eos non manu neque vi, verum quaestionibus, Sall.: in quos eo gravius Caesar vindicandum statuit, Caes. – c) absol. = einschreiten, strafen, nisi vos vindicatis, Cic.: populum hortari ad vindicandum, Sall.

B) übtr.: a) alqd, einer Sache steuern, etw. ahnden, bestrafen, rächen, fortuita non civium tantummodo, sed urbium damna principis munificentia vindicat, steuert (= ersetzt), Vell. 2, 126, 4. – Ti. Gracchi conatus perditos, Cic.: sociorum (gegen die B.) iniurias, Liv.: iniurias suas manu (durch Mord, Gewalttat), Sall.: offensas ense, Ov.: necem Crassi, Ov. – zugl. m. in u. Abl. der Pers. = etwas an jmd. rügen (tadeln), omnia, quae vindicaris in altero, tibi ipsi vehementer fugienda sunt, Cic. Verr. 3, 4. – b) alqm, α) bl. alqm, Romana tandem se vindicat ira, Claud. 24, 84. – β) alqm ab oder de alqo, an jmd. rächen, se a Pyrrho, Vell. 1, 1, 3: se ab illo, Sen. de ben. 6, 5, 3: se de fortuna praefationibus, Plin. ep. 4, 11, 14: u. passiv, quantā saevitiā opus erat, ut Sulla de Mario vindicaretur, Flor. 3, 21, 19 (aber Cic. Deiot. 21 Halm se de absente indicare). – ➳ vulg. vendico, Iul. Val. 3, 47. p. 156, 9 K. – Nbf. nach der 3. Konj., vindicit, XII tabb. III, 3 Schoell (bei Gell. 20, 1, 45).

vindĭcō, (8) āvī, ātum, āre (vindex), tr.

I [droit] revendiquer en justice ; primit^t les deux parties se transportaient sur les lieux avec le préteur et, mettant ensemble la main sur lʼobjet en litige, le revendiquaient avec des formules sacramentelles : Gell. 20, 10, 7 ; plus tard, sans transport sur les lieux, les parties apportent lʼobjet, une motte sʼil sʼagit dʼun champ, devant le préteur et là-dessus font la revendication : Gell. 20, 10, 9 || sponsam in libertatem vindicare Liv. 3, 45, 11, revendiquer pour sa fiancée lʼétat de personne libre, [donc] la liberté ; vindicari puellam in posterum Liv. 3, 46, 3, [permettre] que la jeune fille soit lʼobjet de la revendication seulement le lendemain, [donc] soit laissée libre ; [dʼoù] vindicatur Verginia spondentibus propinquis Liv. 3, 46, 8, = Verginia est laissée libre sur la caution de ses proches.

II [en gén., fig.] : ¶ 1 réclamer à titre de propriété, revendiquer : sibi aliquid Cic. Marc. 6 ; Or. 69, réclamer pour soi, comme sa propriété qqch., ou sans sibi Cic. Off. 1, 2 ; 22 ; Cæs. G. 7, 76 ; omnia pro suis Cic. Rep. 1, 27, réclamer tout comme sa propriété ; Homerum suum (civem) vindicant Cic. Arch. 19, ils revendiquent Homère comme leur concitoyen || [avec inf., poét.] revendiquer le droit de : Luc. 8, 675 ¶ 2 in libertatem aliquem vindicare, ramener qqn à lʼétat de liberté, rendre à qqn la liberté : Cic. Rep. 1, 48 ; Fam. 2, 5, 2 ; Cæs. G. 7, 1, 5 ; C. 1, 22 || ex dominatu Ti. Gracchi in libertatem rem publicam Cic. Br. 212, dégager la république de la tyrannie de Tibérius Gracchus et lui rendre la liberté || se ad suos Cic. Rab. Post. 25, revenir libre vers les siens ¶ 3 dégager, délivrer : a miseriis aliquem Cic. Br. 329, soustraire qqn aux misères, cf. Br. 103 ; Marc. 10 ; laudem eorum ab oblivione hominum atque a silentio Cic. de Or. 2, 7, défendre leur gloire contre lʼoubli et le silence ; ab omnibus vitiis senectutem Cic. CM 55, dégager la vieillesse de tout défaut ; se non modo ex suspicione tanti sceleris, verum etiam ex omni hominum sermone Cic. Sulla 59, se soustraire non seulement au soupçon dʼun crime aussi affreux, mais encore à tous les propos du monde || (regis filiam) ad saxa revinctam vindicat Alcides Ov. M. 11, 213, Alcide délivre (la fille du roi) attachée à un rocher ¶ 4 venger, punir, châtier, tirer vengeance de : maleficia Cic. Amer. 12, punir les forfaits, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 109 ; aliquid supplicio omni Cic. Læl. 43, punir qqch. par tous les supplices ; maleficium in aliquo Cic. Sulla 19, punir, poursuivre un forfait dans qqn, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 4 ; 3, 194 || [abs^t , au pass. impers. avec in acc.] sévir contre : vindicatum est in cives Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 133, on a sévi contre des citoyens ; in eos eo gravius vindicandum statuit quo Cæs. G. 3, 16, 4, il décida de sévir contre eux avec plus de rigueur pour que..., cf. Sall. J. 31, 18 ; C. 9, 4 || se ab aliquo vindicare Sen. Ben. 6, 5, 3, se venger de qqn ; se de fortuna præfationibus Plin. Min. Ep. 4, 11, 14, se venger de la fortune dans des préambules.

➳ vindicit 3^e conj. XII T. d. Gell. 20, 1, 45.

vindico , as, are.
治罪。報仇。霸占。取。除免。護。— injuriam 報凌辱。補所受之害。— mortem patris 報殺父之仇。— in eum scelera alterius 因他人之罪罰彼。— in libertatem 免其當奴。— libertatem 復自主。護其自主。— sibi rem 占取一物。訟挽物。— se existimationi hominum 存己好名。— eum a labore 除免其勞。— se ad suos 平安歸于同人。Vindicari in posterum diem 留物至次日。

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*vindico, is, ere. 3.
報仇。

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vindicō (vend-) āvī, ātus, āre

• vindex.—In law, to assert a claim to, demand formally, ask judgment for: puellam in posterum diem, i. e. to take charge of under bonds to appear the next day, L.: ita vindicatur Virginia spondentibus propinquis, L.—To claim as one's own, make a claim upon, demand, claim, arrogate, assume, appropriateomnia iure pro suis vindicare: Homerum Chii suum vindicant: prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur, Ta.: victoriae maiore parte ad se vindicatā, L.: Galliae consensio fuit libertatis vindicandae, ut, etc., should be maintained, Cs.: antiquam faciem, reassume, O.—In the phrase, in libertatem vindicare, to claim for freedom, set free, free, emancipate: in libertatem rem populi: rem p. in veterem dignitatem ac libertatem, i. e. to restore: se et populumR.in libertatem, Cs.—To serve as champion, deliver, liberate, protect, defend, save: te ab eo: nos a verberibus: ab hac necessitate vos fortuna vindicat, L.: perpetienda illa fuerunt, ut se aliquando ac suos vindicaret, might protect: quam dura ad saxa revinctam Vindicat Alcides, sets free, O.—To act as avenger, avenge, revenge, punish, take vengeance on, recompense: quo (perfugio), nisi vos vindicatis, utentur necessario: contionibus populum ad vindicandum hortari, S.: quae vindicaris in altero, tibi ipsi fugienda sunt: improborum consensionem supplicio omni: Ti. Gracchi conatūs perditos: necem Crassi, O.: fateor in civīs persaepe esse severe vindicatum: in quos (Venetos) eo gravius Caesar vindicandum statuit, Cs.