ζυγόν

ζῠγόν, τό, also ζυγός, ὁ, (in various senses), h.Cer. 217, Pl. Ti. 63b, Theoc. 30.29, LXX Ge. 27.40, al., Plb. 4.82.2, Ev.Matt. 11.29, Jul. Or. 5.173a, etc.: rarely in pl., ζυγοί LXX Pr. 11.1, Sch. Th. 1.29: Delph. δυγός (q.v.).

• • I yoke of a plough or carriage, ζ. ἵππειον Il. 5.799, 23.392; ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἵππους 5.731, cf. Od. 3.383; ἐπὶ ζυγὸν αὐχένι θεῖναι βουσί Hes. Op. 815, cf. 581; ὑπὸ ζυγόφιν (i.e. ζυγοῦ) λύον ἵππους Il. 24.576: prov., τὸν αὐτὸν ἕλκειν ζ. ‘to be in the same boat’, Aristaenet. 2.7, Zen. 3.43; ταὔτʼ ἐμοὶ ζ. τρίβεις Herod. 6.12.
  • • 2 metaph., ἐπὶ ζυγὸς αὐχένι κεῖται h.Cer. 217; ἐχθροῖσιν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν αὐχένα θήσω Thgn. 1023; ἐπαυχένιον λαβεῖν ζ. Pi. P. 2.93; δούλιον ζ. the yoke of slavery, Hdt. 7.8.γʹ, A. Th. 75 (pl.), 471, etc.; δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ., S. Aj. 944, E. Or. 1330; ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον δικαίως εἶχον S. Ant. 291; ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ . . so as to prevent . ., X. Cyr. 3.1.27; ζυγῷ ζυγῆναι Pl. R. 508a; ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. τινάς Plb. 4.82.2, cf. D.H. 3.22; ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. ὑπαγαγεῖν D.C. Fr. 36.10; ζυγὸν ὑποστῆναι D.H. 10.20.
  • II crossbar of the φόρμιγξ, Il. 9.187.
  • • 2 ζυγὸς ἡ τῆς ἀμπέλου πρὸς τὴν χάρακα συζυγία Gp. 5.29.6.
  • III in pl., thwarts or benches joining the opposite sides of a ship, Od. 9.99, 13.21, Hdt. 2.96: rarely in sg., θοὸν εἰρεσίας ζυγόν S. Aj. 249 (lyr.): metaph., of the seat of authority compared to the helmsmanʼs seat, ἐς τὸ πρῶτον πόλεος ζ. E. Ion 595; ἐπεὶ δʼ ἐπὶ ζυγοῖς καθέζετʼ ἀρχῆς Id. Ph. 74; σὺ ταῦτα φωνεῖς νερτέρᾳ προσήμενος κώπῃ, κρατούντων τῶν ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός; while on the main thwart sits authority, A. Ag. 1618; also of a coachmanʼs seat, box, PMasp. 303.15 (vi A.D.).
  • • 2 in pl., panels of a door, IG 1(2).372.199, 2(2).1457.14, 1672.155; cf. ζευγίον.
  • IV beam of the balance, ζυγὸν ταλάντου A. Supp. 822 (lyr.), cf. Arist. Mech. 850a4: hence, the balance itself (cf. πῆχυς IV), αἴρειν τὸν ζυγόν Pl. Ti. 63b; ἐν πλάστιγγι ζυγοῦ κεῖσθαι Id. R. 550e; ζυγῷ or ἐν τῷ ζ. ἱστάναι, Lys. 10.18, Pl. Prt. 356b; ζυγὸν ἱστάναι D. Prooem. 55: in pl., Id. 25.46, SIG 975.39 (Delos, iii B.C.): prov., ζ. μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν Pythag. ap. D.L. 8.18.
  • • • b the constellation Libra, Hipparch. 3.1.5, Ph. 1.28, Man. 2.137, etc.; ζ. Ἀφροδίτης Porph. Antr. 22.
  • V καρχασίου the yard-arm at the mast head, Pi. N. 5.51, cf. Ach.Tat. 5.16.
  • VI cross-strap of a sandal, Ar. Lys. 417, Poll. 7.81; ζυγός, ὁ, Phot.
  • VII pair, κλεινὸν ζυγόν, of persons, E. Hel. 392; κατὰ ζυγά in pairs, Arist. HA 544a5, Theoc. 13.32.
  • VIII rank or line of soldiers, opp. file (στοῖχος), ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ζ. ἐμάχοντο τέσσαρες Th. 5.68; ὁ ζυγός Polyaen. 4.4.3 (τὰ ζυγά 2.10.4); κατὰ ζυγόν line with line, Plb. 1.45.9; κατʼ ἄνδρα καὶ ζ. Id. 3.81.2; esp. front rank, Ael. Tact. 7.1, Arr. Tact. 8.1; also of the Chorus, Poll. 4.108.
  • IX ζυγὰ ἢ ἄζυγα even or odd, a game, Sch. Ar. Pl. 817.
  • X measure of land, SIG 963.13 (Amorgos, iv B.C.).

ζυγόν, τό (nach Plat. Cratyl. 418d δυογόν, = δύω ἄγον, vgl. aber jugum, ζεύγνυμι),
1) das Joch, mit welchem zwei Rinder od. Pferde vor den Pflug od. Wagen gespannt werden ; es geht um den Nacken der Tiere u. wird an der Deichsel befestigt ; von Hom. an überall ; man bemerke : ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἄγειν (anspannen), Od. 3.383 ; ὑπὸ ζυγόφιν λύον ἵππους, Il. 24.576 ; ἐπὶ ζυγὸν αὐχένα θεῖναι βουσί, Hes. O. 51 ; κατὰ ζυγά, paarweise, Theocr. 13.32. Häufig übertr. auf Sklaverei, τὸ δούλιον ζ. Aesch. Ag. 1226 ; δούλειον ζ. Plat. Legg. VI.770e ; δουλείας ζυγά Soph. Aj. 944 ; ἀνάγκης ζ. Eur. Or. 1330 ; ἐπιθεῖναί τινι ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ ὑβρίσαι Xen. Cyr. 3.1.26 ; übh. Band, τιμιωτέρῳ ζυγῷ ἐζύγησαν Plat. Rep. VI.508a. sprichw. ταὐτὸν ζυγὸν ἕλκειν, Zenob. 3.43.
2) der kleine Querstab od. Steg oben an der Phorminx zwischen den Hörnern derselben, an welchem die Wirbel der Saiten befestigt sind, Il. 9.187 ; Arist. mechan. 12. Auch πῆχυς genannt, womit Suid. es erkl.
3) τὰ ζυγά, im Schiffe die Ruderbänke (die die beiden Seiten des Schiffes verbinden), Od. 9.99, 13.21 ; übertr. auf Rang im Staate, Aesch. Ag. 1618 ; ἐς τὸ πρῶτον πόλεως ὁρμηθεὶς ζυγόν Eur. Ion 595. S. auch ζυγός 2).
4) ein Riemen an den Sandalen der Frauen, Ar. Lys. 417, masc. beim Schol. zu dieser Stelle ; VLL, Hesych. erkl. ὁ παρακείμενος ἱμὰς τοῖς δακτύλοις.
5) nach Schol. Ar. Plut. 817 war ζυγὰ ἢ ἄζυγα der gewöhnliche Ausdruck für Paar u. Unpaar (ἄρτια ἢ περισσά) spielen.

ζυγόν

-οῦ, τό

[cf. L. jugum, Eng. yoke.]

Ablative ζυγόφι(ν) Il. 19.404, Il. 24.576.

• • 1

    A yoke for draught-animals Il. 5.730, 731, Il. 8.543, Il. 16.470, Il. 24.268, etc.: Od. 3.383, 486 = Od. 15.184, Od. 4.39.

  • 2

    In pl., oarsmen’s benches extending from side to side of a ship: ὑπὸ ζυγὰ δῆσα [ἑτάρους] Od. 9.99. Cf. Od. 13.21.

  • 3

    The cross-bar which joined the horns of a lyre and to which the strings were fastened Il. 9.187.

ζῠγόν

• • a yoke ἐπεὶ τετραόροισιν ὥθʼ ἁρμάτων ζυγοῖς ἐν τεμένεσσι δόμον ἔχει τεοῖς, ἀμφοτέρας ἰὼν χειρός (ὥσπερ τῶν τετρώρων ἁρμάτων ὁ ῥυμὸς μεταξύ, οὕτω καὶ ἐν τοῖς τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τεμένεσιν ὁ νικηφόρος ἐν μέσῳ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ οἶκον εἶχε. Σ.) N. 7.93 φέρειν δʼ ἐλαφρῶς ἐπαυχένιον λαβόντα ζυγὸν ἀρήγει P. 2.93
  • b yardarm ἀνὰ δʼ ἱστία τεῖνον πρὸς ζυγὸν καρχασίου N. 5.51

ζυγόν (ζεύγνῡμι), gen. ζυγόφιν: (1) yoke or cross-bar by means of which beasts of draught were attached to whatever was to be drawn. (See adjacent cut, combined from several antique representations.) a, ὀμφαλός; b, ξυγόδεσμον; c, κρίκος; d, ζεῦγλαι; e, straps to fasten the ζεῦγλαι; f, λέπαδνα; g and h, οἴηκες, points of attachment for the collars, and rings through which the reins pass; i, ζυγόν; k, projections to hold, e. g., the reins of the παρήορος ἵππος. (Cf. also the Assyrian yoke on the chariot on board a ship, represented in the adjoining cut.)—(2) cross-bar of a lyre (see φόρμιγξ), to which the strings were attached, Il. 9.187.—(3) pl., ζυγά, rowersʼ benches, thwarts of a ship (see cut No. 32, under ἔδαφος).

ζυγόν cf. ζεύγνυμι

• anything which joins two bodies; and so,
• • Ithe yoke or cross-bar tied by the ζυγόδεσμον to the end of the pole, and having ζεῦγλαι (collars or loops) at each end, by which two horses, mules or oxen drew the plough or carriage, Hom., etc.:—metaph., τὸ δούλιον ζ. the yoke of slavery, Hdt.; δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ. Soph., Eur.; ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ . ., so as to prevent . ., Xen.
  • • 2a pair, Eur.; κατὰ ζυγά in pairs, Theocr.
  • IIthe cross-bar joining the horns of the φόρμιγξ, along which the strings were fastened, Il.
  • IIIin pl. the thwarts joining the opposite sides of a ship or boat, the benches, Lat. transtra, Od., Hdt.; in sg., Soph.:—metaph., τὸ πόλεος ζ. Eur.
  • • 2the middle of the three banks in a trireme; metaph., οἱ ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός those on the upper bench, Aesch.
  • IVthe beam of the balance, Dem.: — the balance itself, Plat.
  • Vκαρχασίου ζ. the yard-arm at the masthead, Pind.
  • VIa rank or line of soldiers, opp. to a file, Thuc.